山东省青岛市2022高考英语 阅读理解考前训练（3）

2022青岛市高考英语（阅读理解）考前训练（3）及答案解析(第******篇)Webetthatoncoldwintrydays,manyofyoulovetostayinyourwarmhomeand,everynowandthen，comeoutintothekitchenforasnack.Unfortunately,plentyofcreepy-crawlycritters(爬行生物)liketodothesamething!Winteristhetimewhenbugs(虫子)invadeyourhousewithoutaninvitation.Theseasoncanbetoughforsuchcreatures.Inwintertheairiscold,thegroundishardandmanytreeshavenoleaves.Sobugsdowhattheyhavetodotosurvive.Monarchbutterfliesheadsouthtowarmerclimates.Antscrowdindeepundergroundcoloniesandeatfoodtheyhavebeenstoringallyear.Manyinsectsgointoadeepsleepcalleddiapauses.There’redifferentkindsofdiapauses,butallaresimilartohibernation,atimewhenbiggeranimalsbecomeinactiveinthecold.Insectsgointoaninactiveperiod,too,butitoftenisn’twhenthetemperaturedrops.Theyrelyonmoredependablesignalsintheenvironment.Forexample,manyinsectscantellhowmuchsunlightthere’seachday.Theyusethattotellthemselveswhentoshutdown.Bugsarecold-blooded,meaningthattheirinsidetemperatureisthesameastheoutside.Theycan’tmovemuchwhenitgetsbelow40degreesFahrenheit.Sotheysearchforanywarmplace.They’relookingforprotection.Theseguyshavebeendoingthisfor300millionyears,sotheydon’treallyknowthey’recomingintoyourhouse.Thehomeisarecenteventintermsoftheirevolutionarybehavior.Theyenterthroughtinycracksorcomeinunnoticedonyourclothesorshoes.Rememberthattheymaybeinvadingyourhomesforwarmthandfood,buttheydon’tcareabouthumans.[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍的是：为什么虫子在冬天会入侵人类住所。1.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Topointoutthathumansliketostayathomeinwinter.B.Tomeanthathumansandbugshavethesamelivinghabits.C.Tomeanthatbugswillinvadehumans’housesfortheirwinter.D.Toputforwardtheideathatbugsarenotwelcomeinwinter.[解析]　推理判断题。根据文章第一段可知，虫子和人类一样，也会喜欢待在温暖的屋里，再结合文章的后面几段可知，本段暗示虫子在冬天会入侵人类住所。[答案]　C-6-\n2．Accordingtothetext,whatisdiapauses?A.Itisthesameastheanimals’hibernation.B.Itoftenappearsinwarmareasalltheyear.C.Itisdonetokeepbugsactiveinwinter.D.Itisadeepsleepsimilartohibernation.[解析]　细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知答案为D。[答案]　D3．Whatoftendecidesbugs’diapauses?A.Thelowerlocaltemperature.B.Theamountofsunlight.C.Kindsofenvironmentalsignals.D.Theinsects’insidetemperature.[解析]　细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“Theyrelyonmoredependablesignalsintheenvironment”可知，虫子的“diapauses”是由多种环境可依赖性因素决定的，不一定全靠温度或者光照。[答案]　C4．Accordingtothetext,bugsinvadehumans’homesto________.A.attackhumansB.lookforenoughfoodC.seekforprotectionD.showtheirevolutionaryresults[解析]　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知，虫子进屋是为了寻求保护，把自己置身于安全形势之下，而不仅仅是为了寻求食物。[答案]　C5．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Bugs’lifeoncoldwintrydaysB.Whydobugsinvadeyourhomeinwinter?C.GoodrelationsbetweenhumansandbugsD.Whatdoesdiapausesmean?[解析]　标题概括题。整篇文章主要告诉读者的是：在冬天里，为什么虫子会入侵人类的住所。[答案]　B[长难句解读]　(1)There’redifferentkindsofdiapauses，butallaresimilartohibernation，atimewhenbiggeranimalsbecomeinactiveinthecold.-6-\n此句是but连接的并列复合句，but后的部分中atime是hibernation的同位语，而且后面接了when引导的定语从句。(2)Bugsarecold-blooded，meaningthattheirinsidetemperatureisthesameastheoutside.句中的meaning相当于whichmeans；meaning后接that引导的宾语从句，在此宾语从句中含有thesameas结构。***************************************************************结束3Wecanachieveknowledgeeitheractivelyorpassively(被动地).Weachieveitactivelybydirectexperience,bytestingandprovinganidea,orbyreasoning.Weachieveknowledgepassivelybybeingtoldbysomeoneelse.MostofthelearningthattakesplaceintheclassroomandthekindthathappenswhenwewatchTVorreadnewspapersormagazinesispassive.Conditionedaswearetopassivelearning,it’snotsurprisingthatwedependonitinoureverydaycommunicationwithfriendsandco-workers.Unfortunately,passivelearninghasaseriousproblem.Itmakesustendtoacceptwhatwearetoldevenwhenitislittlemorethanhearsayandrumor(谣言).DidyoueverplaythegameRumor?Itbeginswhenonepersonwritesdownamessagebutdoesn’tshowittoanyone.Thenthepersonwhispersit,wordforword,toanotherperson.Thatperson,inturn,whispersittostillanother,andsoon,throughallthepeopleplayingthegame.Thelastpersonwritesdownthemessagewordforwordasheorshehearsit.Thenthetwowrittenstatementsarecompared.Typically,theoriginalmessagehaschanged.That’swhathappensindailylife.Thesimplefactthatpeoplerepeatastoryintheirownwordschangesthestory.Then,too,mostpeoplelistenimperfectly.Andmanyenjoyaddingtheirowncreativetouchtoastory,tryingtoimproveonit,stamping（打上标记）itwiththeirownpersonalstyle.Yetthosewhohearitthinktheyknow.Thisprocessisalsofoundamongscholarsandauthors:Astatementofopinionby-6-\nonewritermayberestatedasafactbyanother,whomayinturnbequotedbyyetanother;andthisprocessmaycontinue,unlessitoccurstosomeonetoquestionthefactsonwhichtheoriginalwriterbasedhisopinionortochallengetheinterpretationheplaceduponthosefacts.48.Accordingtothepassage,passivelearningmayoccurin_______.A.doingamedicalexperimentB.solvingamathproblemC.visitinganexhibitionD.doingscientificreasoning49.Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2refersto_____.A.activelearningB.knowledgeC.communicationD.passivelearning50.TheauthormentionsthegameRumortoshowthat_____.A.amessagemaybechangedwhenbeingpassedonB.amessageshouldbedeliveredindifferentwaysC.peoplemayhaveproblemswiththeirsenseofhearingD.peopletendnottobelieveinwhattheyknowasrumor51.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Activelearningislessimportant.B.Passivelearningmaynotbereliable.C.Activelearningoccursmorefrequently.D.Passivelearningisnotfoundamongscholars.3.答案48.C49.D50.A51.B***************************************************************结束(第******篇)July21st,2022wasatypicalEnglishsummer’sday—itrainedfor24hours!Asusual,Irushedhomefromworkatmiddaytocheckonthehouse.Nothingwasamiss.BythetimeIleftworkat5pm,however，theroadintoourvillagewasflooded.Ourhousehadneverbeenfloodedbut,asIopenedthefrontdoor,awaveofwatergreetedme.ThankGodthekidsweren’twithme,becausethehousewas5feetdeepinwater.Welosteverythingdownstairs.Andtheplasterhadtobetornoffthewalls,ceilingspulleddown.-6-\nAtfirstwetriedtopushonthrough.Wedidn’twanttomovethechildrenoutofhome,sowecampedupstairs.Weputasheetofplasticacrossthefloortoprotectusfromthedamp.Butafterthreemonths,wefeltverysick,sowemovedtoawoodenhouseinapark.Thehousewassmall,butatfirstwewerealljustdelightedtobeinanewplace.Unfortunately,thingstooklongerthanexpectedandweweretherefor10months.Thelifetherewasinconvenient.WhatsurprisedmemostwashowmuchImissedbeingpartofacommunity(社区).Wehadlivedinafriendlyvillagewithgoodneighbours，andI’dneverthoughthowmuchI’dmissthat.Althoughoursituationwasverybad,it’sdifficulttofeeltoosorryforyourselfwhenyoulookatwhat’shappeningelsewhere.IwatchedanewsreportaboutfloodsinNorthernIndiaandthought，“Wedidn’thaveastrawhut(茅草房)thatwassweptaway,andourhouseisstillstanding.We’relucky.”WemovedbackhomeinAugust.WithDecembercoming，there’sstillreconstructionworktobedone,soit’sdifficulttoprepareforChristmas.ButIcan’twait—I’mgoingtothrowapartyforourfriendsinthevillagetosaythanksfortheirsupport.Thisyear,Iwon’tneedanygifts—livingawayfromhomeformonthshasmademerealizehowlittleweactuallyneedormissallourpossessions.Althoughwearereplacingthings,there’sreallynorush—wehaveourhomeback,andthat’sthemainthing.[语篇解读]　洪水给生活带来了困难，但在灾害面前，也能获得更多对人生的认识。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“amiss”inthefirstparagraphmean?A.Wrong.　　　　　　　B.Missing.C.Right.D.Found.[解析]　猜测词义题。从第一段中“Asusual，Irushedhomefromwork...”可知作者还是像往常那样赶回家，因此没有什么不正常的，故选择A。[答案]　A6．Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheauthor________.A.wassickofstayingupstairsB.caredmuchaboutherchildrenC.couldnotstandlivinginawoodenhouseD.didnotdealwellwithherfamilyaffairsduringtheflood[解析]　推理判断题。从第一段第五句ThankGodthekidsweren’twithme，...可以看出作者最关心(在意)孩子。[答案]　B-6-\n7．Whydoestheauthorsaythattheywereluckyinthethirdparagraph?A.Becausehersituationwasnotserious.B.Becausemanyotherplaceswereflooded.C.BecauseshehadbeentoNorthernIndia.D.Becausesomeotherssufferedevenmore.[解析]　事实细节题。当作者看到印度北部遭受的洪水灾难比自己的更惨痛的报道时，深感自己应该庆幸。[答案]　D8．Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttoexpressbytellingherstory?A.Shevaluedhumanfeelingsmorethanbefore.B.Sherealizedshealmostdidn’tneedpossessions.C.ShefoundChristmasgiftsnolongerbadlyneeded.D.Shethoughtherownhomewasthemostimportant.[解析]　主旨大意题。从最后一段对即将来临的圣诞节的准备“...there’sreallynorush—wehaveourhomeback，andthat’sthemainthing.”可知作者通过这次洪水认识到了她比以前更加珍惜人们之间的情感，故选择A。**************************************************************结束-6-