（通用版）【高考专题辅导】2022版高考英语专题检测卷（二十） 阅读理解（第一节）

专题检测卷(二十)阅读理解　第一节(建议用时:25分钟)A体裁议论文题材禽流感的防治词数373　Tiredness,coughing,arunnynoseandasorethroat—amongallsicknessesthereisprobablynonemorecommonthantheflu,whichweallgetnowandthen.However,birdfluisacompletelydifferentstory.Tenyearsago,theH5N1birdflusweptacross15countries,includingChina,withsufferersreportingchestpain,difficultybreathing,feverandseverecoughing.Morethan600peoplewereinfected,andabout60percentdied.NowanothertypeofbirdfluhitShanghaiandthreeneighboringprovinces,andthistimethevirusiscalledH7N9.BytheafternoonofApril11,thenewvirushadtakenninelivesoutof35infected,accordingtoXinhuaNewsAgency.The“H”and“N”inthevirus’namereferstotwokindsofproteinsonthesurfaceofthevirus.Anychangeofthenumbersofthetwoproteinsindicatesanewmutation(变异).Mostofthemutationsonlyaffectbirds,suchaschickensandpigeons,anddon’tnormallyspreadtohumans.Butoncetheydo,theresultscanbedisastrous.“Anytimeananimalinfluenzaviruscrossestohumans,itisacauseforconcern,”MalikPeiris,virologist(病毒学家)attheUniversityofHongKong,toldNaturemagazine.TaketheSARSepidemic(传染病)10yearsagoasanexample.Thevirusbehindthediseaseisthoughttohavejumpedtohumansfromanimals.Theviruswasacomplete“stranger”tohumanbodies,whichhadn’tdevelopedanimmunityagainstit.ButthereissomethingmoreaboutthenewH7N9birdflu.UnliketheH5N1birdflu,whichcausesseveresicknessinbirds,theH7N9hasbeenevolvingundertheradar(悄悄地)sinceittravelsbetweenbirdswithoutcausingnoticeableillness.Thatmakesitdifficulttokeeptrackofthedisease.Thegoodnewsisthatthere’ssofarnosignthatthevirusisspreadingfrompersontoperson.Butsincethereisnovaccineforthediseaseyet,theWorldHealthOrganizationrecommendsthatyouwashyourhandsaftermeetingwithsickpeopleandbeforeandafteryoueatorpreparefood,andtheyalsosuggestavoidingcontactwithbirdsortheireggs.1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.TheH5N1birdfluturnedouttohavesomethingtodowiththeSARSepidemic.B.Morethan600peopleacrosstheworlddiedfromtheH5N1birdflutenyearsago.C.Mostofthemutationsoftheproteinsinthebirdfluvirusareharmfultobothbirdsandhumans.D.Thename,H7N9birdflu,showsthattherehavebeennewmutationsoftheproteinsinthevirus.2.WiththeexampleoftheSARSepidemicinParagraph5,theauthorintendsto　　　.A.introducewheretheSARSviruscamefromB.informusoftheharmfuleffectsoftheSARSepidemictenyearsagoC.showthehorribleeffectsananimalinfluenzaviruscanhaveonceitspreadstohumansD.comparethedifferencesbetweentheSARSepidemicandtheH7N9birdflu3.WhatmakestheH7N9birdflumorefrighteningthantheH5N1birdfluaccordingtothetext?A.Itcancauseseveresicknessinbirds.B.Itcanspreadfrompersontoperson.-4-\nC.Itaffectsagreaternumberofbirds.D.Itdoesn’tsickenbirdsandthuscanspreadunnoticed.4.WhatarepeopleadvisedtodotoprotectthemselvesagainsttheH7N9birdflu?a.Togetvaccinatedforthedisease.b.Tokeepawayfrombirdsandtheireggs.c.Tostopeatingchickensandducks.d.Toavoidmeetingwithsickpeople.e.Towashhandsthoroughlyandregularly.A.a,b　　　B.c,d　　　C.b,e　　　D.a,eB(2022·宁夏模拟)体裁记叙文题材第一次欧洲旅行词数326AsaboygrowingupinIndia,Ihadlongedtotravelabroad.IusedtolistentothestoriesmyfatherwouldtellmeabouthisstayinCanadaandtourstoEuropeinthe1970s,withgreatinterest.Mybigmomentfinallycameinthesummerof1998whenIwasabletoaccompanymyparentstoEurope,wheremyfatherwastoattendameeting.WeplannedtotraveltoBelgium,NetherlandsandWestGermany.IhavevividmemorieseventodayofgoingtoMumbaiairportatnightallexcitedaboutfinallygoingabroad.IhadheardseveralgreatthingsaboutLufthansatillthenbutnowIfinallygottoexperiencethemfirsthand,duringtheflighttoFrankfurt.WeflewbusinessclassandeventodayIcanremembertheexcellentservicebytheLufthansacrew.Theflightwasreallysmoothandthoroughlyenjoyable,evenforsomeonelikeme,whoisotherwisescaredofflying.AfterspendingalmosttwoweeksinEurope,wetooktheLufthansaairportexpressfromDusseldorftoFrankfurtairport,forourreturnflight.Whatajourneythatwas!AllalongtheRhine(莱茵河),itwassimplyanunforgettableexperience.IwasinasombremoodontheflightbacktoMumbaiasitmarkedtheendofawonderfulvacation,buttheLufthansacrewmemberswereabletochangeitintoamostenjoyableexperienceyetagain,withthequalityoftheirservice.Beingthefirstairlinetotakemeoverseas,Lufthansawillalwaysholdaspecialplaceinmyheart.Eventoday,IcontinuetoenjoyflightsonLufthansaandsimplycannotdreamofchoosinganyotherairline.Flying,ingeneral,forme,hasalwaysbeenanordeal(terribleandpainfulexperience).FlyingonLufthansa,however,issomethingIalwayshaveandalwayswilllookforwardto.5.Whichcountrydoestheauthorliveinnow?A.India.B.Canada.C.Belgium.D.Germany.6.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheauthor’striptoEuropein1998?A.Theauthortraveledwithoneofhisparents.B.Boththeirgoingandreturnarebyair.C.Theytraveledinspringthatyear.D.TheystayedinEuropefornearlytwomonths.7.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatLufthansais　　　.A.acityinIndiaB.acityinEuropeC.anairlinecompanyD.atravelagency8.Theunderlinedword“sombre”inthe4thparagraphprobablymeans“　　　”.A.happyB.sadC.angryD.enjoyableC-4-\n体裁说明文题材北京雾霾天气词数336WhilestudentsinHainanarequiteusedtoclearskies,Beijingteenagersarenotsolucky.Asanotherwarmwinterapproaches,thecitycanexpectthenormalcloudsofsmokecausedbyairpollution.Butthingsmaystarttoimprovesoon.Thegovernmentisco-operatingwithaUS-basedenvironmentalprotectionagencytoupdateexistingbusesandtruckswithcleanfueltechnology.Thenewtechnologycouldreduceairpollutantsinexistingdieselengines(柴油机)by40percent.TheprogrammewillbeginbytestingbusesinBeijingtoseeifthetechnologycanbeappliedtothem.“Weencouragethedevelopmentofpublictransports.Butatthesametimeweneedtoreducepollutionfromthem,”saidanofficial.Effortsarebeingmadetoimprovethecapital’senvironmentwithtightercontrolsonemissions(排放).Someheavilypollutingfactoriesandconstructionsites,suchasthoseownedbythesteelgiantShougangGroup,havebeenaskedtocutproductioninNovemberandDecemberorbeclosed.Beijingwasthethirdpollutedcityintheworldattheendoflastcentury,accordingtotheUN.Butthankstorecentmeasures,thecapitalhasmadesomeprogress.Lastyear224cleardayswereratedashavinggoodairquality.In1998theairqualityindex(指数)gavejust100daysasgood.“Iamgladtoseeanimprovement,”saidasenior1boylivinginthenorthwestofBeijing.“Comparedtootherplaces,theairqualityofBeijingisstillworryingthough.Ihatepollution.OnceIwasridingmybikeinthemorningwhenIalmosthadatrafficaccidentbecauseIcouldn’tseeacaronlymetresawayfrommeinfog.”InearlyOctober,theskieswerecoveredbysuchathickfogthatadisplayshowbythevisitingFrenchAirForcewascalledoff.Rapiddevelopment,industry,trafficfumesandsandstormsfromthedesertallcontributetothecity’sbadair.9.Thepassageismainlyabout　　　.A.aprogrammeaimingatimprovingBeijing’sairqualityB.progressmadeinBeijing’sairqualityC.Beijing’sairpollutionD.thedifferencesbetweenHainanandBeijing10.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthemeasuretakenortobetakentoimproveBeijing’sairquality?A.Cleanfueltechnologywillbeusedinpublictransports.B.Somefactorieshavebeenaskedtocutproduction.C.Someconstructionsiteshavebeentoldtobeclosed.D.Adisplayshowofairplaneshasbeencalledoff.11.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat,withtheaimofbeinganecological(生态的)city,　　　.A.farmorestillneedstobedoneB.nothingelseneedstobedoneC.alltraffichastobeclosedD.thedevelopmentofthecityhastobesloweddown12.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrectaccordingtothepassage?A.Beijing’sairqualityisgettingworseandworse.B.Rapiddevelopment,industry,trafficfumesandsandstormsareallthecausesofbadairquality.C.PeopleseecloudsofsmokeintheskyinthewinterofBeijing.D.Thegovernmentismakingeffortstostopairpollution.【拓展训练】1.阅读B篇文章,写出下列单词的含义。-4-\n(1)thoroughlyadv.　　　　______________(2)sombreadj.______________(3)longtodo______________2.阅读B篇文章,思考下列问题。Whatmadetheauthorsointerestedintravelingabroad?__________________________________________________________________答案解析【文章大意】新一波禽流感疫情来袭,你该如何应对?1.【解析】选D。细节理解题。A项文中没有提及,B项提到的600多人是感染theH5N1birdflu的人数,死亡人数为这一人数的60%,也就是不到400人;由第四段的“Mostofthemutationsonlyaffectbirds,suchaschickensandpigeons,anddon’tnormallyspreadtohumans.”可以推知C项不对;由第四段的“Anychangeofthenumbersofthetwoproteinsindicatesanewmutation.”可推知D项正确。2.【解析】选C。推理判断题。这里列举SARS的例子是为了说明本段首句谈到的“Anytimeananimalinfluenzaviruscrossestohumans,itisacauseforconcern”,而本段又是进一步说明上一段最后一句话“Butoncetheydo,theresultscanbedisastrous.”,所以C项为正确答案。3.【解析】选D。细节理解题。由倒数第二段可知,H7N9禽流感与H5N1禽流感不同的是它不会在禽类间导致明显的疫情,这使得它的传播不容易被及时发现,故答案为D。4.【解析】选C。细节理解题。由最后一段可知,专家建议人们勤洗手,尽量避免接触禽类以及禽类下的蛋,所以C项为正确答案。最后一段提到了现在还没有针对H7N9禽流感的疫苗,故a不对。c,d文中没有提及。【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者给我们讲述了他第一次去欧洲的难忘旅行。5.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段首句以及最后一段“Beingthefirstairlinetotakemeoverseas”可分析,作者生活的国度是印度(India)。6.【解析】选B。细节理解题。A项错在与事实“和父母双亲一起去的”不符;C项错在与事实“他们是在夏季去的”不符;D项错在与事实“在欧洲待了两个星期”不符。B项与文章吻合。7.【解析】选C。推理判断题。通过后三段内容不难看出,此为一家航空公司的名称(德国汉莎航空公司)。8.【解析】选B。词义猜测题。想到愉快的旅行就要结束,其心情自然不好,故选B项。根据后半句“但德国汉莎航空公司却以其高质量的服务使得‘我’这一返程旅行转变为amostenjoyableexperience”也可推知。【文章大意】文章讲述的是北京的空气污染现状和政府为此而采取的措施。9.【解析】选C。主旨大意题。纵观全文可知文章讲述的是北京的空气污染现状,故选C。10.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段第二句话可知A项正确;根据第四段第二句话可知B、C两项正确;根据倒数第二段可知航空飞行表演是因为浓雾被取消,不是治理空气污染的措施而是空气污染造成的结果,故选D。11.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据倒数第三段第二句话可知尽管北京在治理空气污染方面取得了一些进展,但仍然令人担忧,所以要达到生态城市的目标,治理工作任重道远,故选A。12.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第五段第二句话可知A项错误;根据最后一段可知B项正确;根据第一段第二句话可知C项正确;根据第二段可知D项正确。只有A项与原文内容相悖,故选A。【拓展训练】1.彻底地阴沉的;忧郁的渴望做某事2.Hisfather’sstoriesabouthistravelingexperiences.-4-