（通用版）【高考专题辅导】2022版高考英语专题检测卷（二十五） 阅读理解（第一节）

专题检测卷(二十五)阅读理解　第一节(建议用时:25分钟)A体裁说明文题材机器人的应用词数382IMAGINEthatyourparentshaveboughtyouthemostadvancedrobot.Helookslikearealperson.Hetalkstoyouandplayswithyou.Hecaneventhinkforhimselfandfigureoutwhatyouneed.Itmayfeelasifyouhaveaconsideratenewbrotherwhokeepsyoucompanyallthetime.Butcometothinkofit,canyoureallytrusthim?Eversincethefirstrobotwascreateddecadesago,scientistshaveobsessed(迷恋)overthetaskofmakingrobotsmorelikehumans.However,astheyhavegottenclosertothatgoal,doubtshavegrown.AccordingtotheBBC,JapaneserobotdesignerMasahiroMoriarguesthatthemorelifelikerobotsbecome,themorehumansfeelaconnectiontothem.Butoncetheybecometoosimilartohumans,peoplebegintofeeluncomfortable.ThistheoryiswhatledtothecreationofabrandnewrobotinSwitzerlandearlierthismonth.Roboy,asthenewmachineiscalled,hasvarioushuman-likeabilitiessuchashand-shakingandbicycle-riding,butinsteadofaskin-likecovering,Roboyiswrappedinshinywhitearmorthatclearlyindicatesitsrobotstatus.“Aslongaspeoplecanclearlyseethattherobotisamachine,eveniftheyprojecttheirfeelingsintoit,thentheyfeelcomfortable,”RolfPfeifer,thecreatorofRoboyfromtheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,toldtheBBC.Buttheproblemthatpeoplehavewithrobotsisnotjustwiththewaytheylook.Italsohastodowiththerolesthattheyplayinourlives.AsurveylastyearofEuropeanUnioncountriesshowedthat88percentofthoseinterviewedagreedthatrobotsare“necessaryastheycandojobsthataretoohardordangerousforpeople”,suchasspaceexplorationandwarfighting.Butwhenitcomestotakingcareofchildren,60percentofrespondentssaidthatrobotsshouldnotbeallowedtoparticipate,becauseasrobotsbecomemoresophisticated(先进的),parentsmaybetemptedtohandovertoomuchresponsibilitytothem.Nomatterwhat,robotswillsoonenterourhomes,Pfeifersaid.Whatisnotyetcleariswhethertheywillactmorelikeservantswhoworkforusorcompanionswholivewithus.1.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tointroducethenewly-inventedrobot,Roboy.B.Todiscussproblemsrelatedtodesigningrobots.C.Toexploretherolesrobotswillplayinourfuturelives.D.Toarguewhatkindsofrobotsappealtopeoplemore.2.WhydidPfeifermakeRoboylooklikearobot?A.Tobetterprotectit.B.Tomakeitlookcoolandmodern.C.Todistinguishitclearlyfromahuman.D.Tokeepitspricedown.3.Accordingtothesecond-to-lastparagraph,mostofthepeopleinterviewed　　　.A.welcomerobotsintotheirhomesB.believerobotsareusefulforcertaindangeroustasksC.thinkfamilieswithchildrenshouldn’tuserobotsforhousework-4-\nD.areafraidthatchildrenwillbecomelessresponsibleifrobotstakecareofthem4.Whichbestdescribestheauthor’stoneinthearticle?A.Objective.B.Critical.C.Admiring.D.Anxious.B(2022·马鞍山模拟)体裁议论文题材孩子的教育词数312Whenmysonwasjustlearningtotalk,Icarriedhimaroundthehouseinmyarmsandpointedoutthingstohim.“Look,David,aclock.”He’dsmileandpointasIdidandsay“clock”.Davidwasquickatconnectingtheshapeofthingstotheirwords.Whenmysonwasaboutfouryearsold,Iwalkedwithhimtothebackyard.Iknewthattherewasanantcolonyunderoneoftheslatestonesinthewalkwayneartheshed,soIsaidtoDavid,“Comeon.Iwanttoshowyousomething.”AsIshowedDavidtheantsthatwerecrawlingaroundtheslatestone,hecroucheddownonhislegsandlookedwithgreatintensityattheants.Fordaysafterthat,Davidwantedtolookundereveryrockinthegarden,andweoftenfoundworms,antsandsoon.IrecognizedthatDavidlovedtolookatthingscloselyandobservehowthingsmoved,andsoIcontinuedtopointthingsouttohimashegrewolder:planes,cars,shellsetc..Davidwasakeenobserver,andIjustgavehimthesuggestionsastowheretolook.TodayDavidisamedicaldoctoratColumbiaUniversityCenter.IdidnotknowthatDavidwouldsomedaybeadoctor,someonewhohastopaycloseattentiontowhathesees,andyetIfeltcompelledwhenhewasaboytoencouragehisenthusiasmforobservation.Thatiswhatteachersandparentsdo:encourageachild’senthusiasmforaparticularinterest:music,swimming,art,reading.Andweprovidetoolsforthechildren.Ifachildlikestodraw,givehimbrushes,pens,andpaper.Ifagirllikestotaponthetabletop,giveheradrum.Ifachildwantstosing,givehimamicrophoneandaFrankSinatrarecording.5.Theauthorwrotethepassageto　　　.A.recallthehappytimeshespentwithhissonB.tellusthatchildrenarefullofcuriosityC.tellushowtoletchildrenlovenatureD.adviseustodevelopchildren’sinterestortalent6.TheauthorshowedDavidtheantsto　　　.A.preventhimfrombecomingboredB.develophisenthusiasmforobservationC.teachhimsomenewwordsD.arousehisinterestincreatures7.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor’sviewpoint?A.Makechildrenhavetheirownhobbies.B.Teachchildrentobeindependentassoonaspossible.C.Satisfychildren’sinterestbypossiblemeans.D.Hobbiescandetermineone’sfuture.8.Theunderlinedword“intensity”inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans“　　　”.A.hatredB.fearC.curiosityD.doubt-4-\nC(2022·北京模拟)体裁记叙文题材生活哲理词数252AtaphysicsconferencedinnerwithmyhusbandAlex,IsatnexttoamanI’llcallClayton.Claytonkepttalkingabouthimselfallthroughtheentireconversation:hehadsolvedproblemsnooneelsecould;onlyhisviewswereright;otherresearchers’workwasinaccurateorunimportant.Icouldnotputinaword.Extremelyannoyed,IplannedtoavoidClaytoninthefuture.Infact,Idecidednevertohaveanotherconversationwithhim.AfewdayslaterIwasinaneducationclass.Ourprofessorexplainedhowonechildcouldbecomethetargetoftheotherstudents’ridicule(讥笑).“Usuallyit’sbecausetheclassseestheirownweaknessesglaringlymagnified(放大)inthatstudent.Theydon’twanttoadmittheyhavethesameweakness,sotheyridiculeandexcludethestudent.Thebehaviorofboththeclassandtheexcludedstudentiscausedbypersonalinsecurity.”AsItooknotes,suddenlyIthoughtofClayton.ItstruckmethatIhavemanyofthesamefaults.HoweasilyIruleaconversationandleaveothersout.I,too,sometimesfeelthatonlymyopinionisright.Myconcernsorworkeasilyseemsmostimportant.Asmyprofessorhaddescribed,IreactednegativelytosomeoneinwhomIexperiencedmyownweakness.Ichangedmymind.InsteadofavoidingClayton,I’lltrytolistenpatientlywiththesamekindnessandacceptancethatIneed.9.ThewriterwasextremelyannoyedwithClaytonpartlybecause　　　.A.hesaidnotallhisviewswererightB.hewouldn’tletherputinawordC.hekeptsilentallthroughthedinnerD.hewastooparticularaboutthefood10.WhosaidthewordsinParagraph3?A.Clayton.B.Thewriter’shusband.C.Thewriter.D.Thewriter’sprofessor.11.Thefourthparagraphwaswrittentoshow　　　.A.whythewriterchangedhermindB.howthewriterwasannoyedC.whenthewriterhadhereducationD.whatweaknessthewriterhad12.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat　　　.A.thewriterwillseeotherpeoplemorepositivelyB.ClaytonwillnotruleaconversationanylongerC.thewriterwilltrytoavoidtalkingwithClaytonD.Claytonwillfindouthehashisownweakness【拓展训练】1.阅读A篇文章,回答下列问题。(1)Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?(nomorethan5words)__________________________________________________________________(2)Whatdomostpeoplethinkofrobots?-4-\n__________________________________________________________________(3)TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoChinese.Aslongaspeoplecanclearlyseethattherobotisamachine,eveniftheyprojecttheirfeelingsintoit,thentheyfeelcomfortable.__________________________________________________________________2.阅读B篇文章,回答下列问题。Whatdothefirsttwoparagraphstellus?__________________________________________________________________答案解析【文章大意】机器人越来越多地参与了人们的工作和生活,我们能一直信任它们吗?1.【解析】选B。主旨大意题。随着科技的发展,机器人越来越多地参与了人们的工作和生活。本文主要探讨了两个问题:其外观设计与人类太相似让人感到不舒服;其功能设计上应该是servants还是companions?故正确答案为B。2.【解析】选C。细节理解题。从第四段可知,设计者们故意把机器人的外壳设计成白色的亮闪闪的装甲,从而非常清楚地表明它是机器人。distinguishAfromB把A和B区分开来。3.【解析】选B。细节理解题。从倒数第二段可知,大部分被采访的人认为在一些高危或艰苦的工作环境下应该使用机器人。但是他们不赞成让机器人带孩子,因为这样有可能让父母把过多的责任移交给机器人,这也许是不安全的,所以B为正确答案。4.【解析】选A。观点态度题。作者在文章中没有明确地表达自己的观点,只是客观地阐述,故选A。【文章大意】作者通过描述自己对孩子的培养经历,说明了培养孩子兴趣的重要性。5.【解析】选D。推理判断题。通过本文作者强调了要培养孩子的兴趣。6.【解析】选B。细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段可知,作者让儿子看到蚂蚁是为了培养孩子善于观察的热情。7.【解析】选C。推理判断题。通过文章最后一段,作者强调孩子表现出什么样的兴趣,父母和老师就应该尽力去培养这个兴趣。8.【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据文章第三、四段可知,儿子从那次看到蚂蚁之后就喜欢上了观察,因此说明他当时是充满好奇地去看蚂蚁。【文章大意】古语说,“以人为鉴,可明得失”。教授的话使作者在Clayton身上看到了自己的一些缺点,于是她改变了以前的想法,不回避Clayton,而是耐心地听他说话。9.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的第二句和第三句可知,由于Clayton一直谈论着自己,作者插不上话,所以对他非常厌烦。10.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段的“Ourprofessorexplainedhowonechild...”可知,第三段的话是出自那个教授之口。11.【解析】选A。推理判断题。第四段讲述了作者在听教授的课时发现自己与Clayton有很多相同的毛病,这就是她决定改变自己想法的原因。12.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,为了改正自己的缺点,作者不是回避Clayton,而是耐心去倾听他说话,由此可推知作者会用更积极的眼光去看待他人。【拓展训练】1.(1)AreRobotsOurFriends?(2)Theythinkrobotsarenecessaryastheycandojobsthataretoohardordangerousforpeople.(3)只要人们清醒地认识到,即使人们将情感投入到机器人身上,但它还是一台机器,人们就会感到舒服一些了。2.Howtheauthordevelopedhisson’senthusiasmforobservation.-4-