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【高考总动员】2023高考英语 语法专项突破 第四节 介词和连词针对训练 北师大版

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第四节 介词和连词考点一常见介词的用法against,beyond,by,for,with,without,over,in,on,at,across,through等介词是常考的介词,它们大部分都有多层含义,全面掌握这些介词的用法和意义,准确把握句子语境是解题的关键。下面就几个含义较多、掌握较难的介词做一下介绍。1.against意为“反对;对抗;违背;逆着;倚、靠;以……为背景”。Shefelldownandhitherheadagainsttheground.她倒了下来,头撞在了地上。Thepictureshowsupwellagainstthewhitewall.这幅画在这白壁的衬托之下很显眼。2.beyond意为“在……的另一边;超出;非……所能及”。Heissuchanaughtyboyandisbeyondmycontrol.他是个顽皮的孩子,我实在无法管教。Don'tstayoutbeyond10o'clockatnight.晚上10点以后不要在外面逗留。3.by意为“在……旁边;到……为止;按照;按……计算数量、报酬等;通过……方式;以……的幅度”。Icanseebytheexpressiononyourfacethatyouareintrouble.从你脸上的表情,我可以看得出你有了麻烦。Isthisclothsoldbythemeter?这块布是按米卖的吗?4.with意为“和……在一起;带有;随着;用,凭借;关于;若是”。Isawitwithmyowneyes.我亲眼看到了。Hismoney,withhiswife's,comestoamilliondollars.他的钱加上他太太的钱,合计达100万美元。5.over意为“在……的正上方;多于;在……期间”。Wehavesomethinginterestingtotalkaboutoverthemeal.我们有很多感兴趣的事可以边吃边谈。(通常表示比through(out)较短的期间)6.for意为“为了;支持,同意;因为,由于;就……而言”。Thereisnomedicineforacold.Agoodsleepisthebestcureforit.感冒没有药可医,最好的方法就是好好地睡一觉。Sheisinherthirtiesbutlooksoldforherage.\n她现在30几岁,但是看起来比她实际年龄要老。7.off意为“在……的外面;在……的沿海;偏离;从……离开”。Helivesinavillagealittleawayoffthemainroad.他住在离大路不远的一个村子。8.through意为“穿过;整个……;依据,经由;度过”。Myparents'lovegotmethroughthehardtime.我父母的爱帮助我度过了困难时期。考点二介词的固定搭配介词的固定搭配考查有两种:一是考查固定搭配中的介词;二是考查介词短语。近五年考查到的介词(短语)的固定搭配有:1.ininthemeanwhile 同时intheway 阻挡intime 及时;最终indetail 详细地infavourof 同意incase 以免;万一inreturn 作为回报inexchangefor 用以交换……2.forbepraisedfor 因为……受到表扬forlife 终生forthebenefitof 为了……的利益asfor 就……而论;关于betrainedfor 被训练为……forlackof 由于缺乏……3.ononbehalfof 代表onthecontrary 相反onconditionthat... 以……作为条件4.withhaveanappointmentwith 与……有约会withregardto 关于5.above\naboveaverage 在平均数以上aboveall 首先;最重要的是6.bybychance 偶然;碰巧byname 用名字7.fromapartfrom 除……之外farfrom 远非8.againstwarnsb.against(doing)sth. 警告某人不要做某事9.outofoutofcontrol 失去控制outofplace 不在合适的位置;不适当的outofone'sreach 某人够不着的地方outofthequestion 不可能outofquestion 毫无疑问我和史密斯医生有个约会,但我需要改一下。IhaveanappointmentwithDr.Smith,butIneedtochangeit.你可以换工作,可以搬家,但友谊却可以终生受用。Youcanchangeyourjob,youcanmovehouse,butfriendshipismeanttobeforlife.除了良好的服务,本饭店还提供不同种类的传统闽菜。Apartfromgoodservice,therestaurantoffersdifferentkindsoftraditionalFujiandishes.[考点小结] 介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一。使用频率高,用法多而杂,一个介词可能有多种不同的用法;相近的意思又可以用不同的介词表达。所以日常学习中必须逐一掌握每个介词的用法;弄清易混介词的用法异同;能够根据具体语境灵活运用介词。此外,常用介词、易混介词以及介词固定搭配的考查仍是未来考查的重点。考点三连词1.表并列关系:and,notonly...but(also)...,neither,nor,neither...nor...等词连接的并列句,在意义上主要对前一句子作补充或引申,包括肯定和否定两方面的意义。Thinkitover,andyou'llfindawayout.\nNotonlyishehimselfinterestedinthesubject,butalsohisstudentsbegintoshowinterestinit.Neitherdoesheworkhard,nordoeshisbrother.2.表选择关系:or,either...or...连接并列句表示选择意义。Thechildrencangowithus,ortheycanstayin.EitheryouorIamright.3.表转折关系:常用的有but,yet等。Igotitwrong.Itwasn'ttheredonebuttheblueone.Janesaidshewasill,yetIsawherinthestreetjustnow.4.表示对比关系:用while。Mr.Whiteisfat,whilehiswifeisverythin.5.表因果关系:常用的有so,for。Hemusthavebeencaughtintherain,forheiswetallover.TheshopswereclosedsoIdidn'tgetanymilk.[考点小结]连词按用途主要分为并列连词和从属连词。而对状语从句的考查主要是通过从属连词来进行的。针对训练Ⅰ.根据句意用合适的介词或连词填空1.(2014·北京高考)Someanimalscarryseedsfromoneplacetoanother,________plantscanspreadtonewplaces.【答案】 so2.(2014·北京高考)Janeisinahurrybecausethetraintotheairportleaves________halfanhour.【答案】 in3.(2014·大纲全国卷)September30istheday________whichyoumustpayyourbill.【答案】 by4.(2014·江西高考)ItisunbelievablethatMr.Lucasleadsasimplelife________hisgreatwealth.【答案】 despite5.(2014·重庆高考)Shedrovesofastattheturnthatthecaralmostwent________theroad.【答案】 off6.(2014·浙江高考)Peoplewon'tpayattentiontoyouwhentheystillhavealot\nofideasoftheirowncrying________expression.【答案】 for7.(2014·陕西高考)TheScottishgirl________blueeyeswonthefirstprizeintheFifthChineseSpeechContest.【答案】 with8.(2014·山东高考)Idon'treallyliketheauthor,________Ihavetoadmithisbooksareveryexciting.【答案】 although/though9.(2013·大纲全国卷)IwasgladtomeetJennyagain,________Ididn'twanttospendalldaywithher.【答案】 but10.(2013·四川高考)Readthisstory,________youwillrealizethatnoteverythingcanbeboughtwithmoney.【答案】 andⅡ.选词填空instore;ontheotherhand;inreturn;ratherthan;exceptfor;inresponseto;asamatteroffact;inshape;inadditionto1.(2014·安徽高考)Whatweexpectfromyouisworkinghard________hardlyworking.【答案】 ratherthan2.(2014·福建高考)Ourclubisopentoeveryone________age,sexoreducationalbackground.【答案】 exceptfor3.(2014·江苏高考)Tomalwaysgoesjogginginthemorningandheusuallydoespushupstootostay________.【答案】 inshape4.(2014·湖北高考)Checkcarrots,potatoes,onionsandanyothervegetables________andimmediatelyuseorthrowawayanywhichshowsignsofrotting.【答案】 instore5.(2014·江西高考)Startingyourownbusinesscouldbeawaytoachievingfinancialindependence.________,itcouldjustputyouindebt.【答案】 Ontheotherhand6.(2014·天津高考)________theschool,thevillagehasaclinic,whichwasalsobuiltwithgovernmentsupport.【答案】 Inadditionto\n7.(2014·浙江高考)Whilestayinginthevillage,Jamesunselfishlysharedwhateverhehadwiththevillagerswithoutaskingforanything________.【答案】 inreturn8.(2014·浙江高考)Facinguptoyourproblems________runningawayfromthemisthebestapproachtoworkingthingsout.【答案】 ratherthan9.(2014·浙江高考)There'snoreasontobedisappointed.________,thiscouldberatheramusing.【答案】 Asamatteroffact10.(2014·浙江五校一联)Thecompanyhaschangedsomeofitsworkingpractices________complaintsandcriticismfromthecustomers.【答案】 inresponsetoⅢ.语篇填空用适当的介词填空Father'sDayoccursonthe3rdSundayinJune.Theideaforcreatingaday1.________childrentohonortheirfathersbeganinSpokane,Washington.Awoman2.________thenameofSonoraSmartDoddthought3.________theideaforFather'sDaywhilelisteningtoaMother'sDaysermon4.________1909.Havingbeenraised5.________herfather,HenryJacksonSmart,afterhermotherdied,Sonorawantedherfathertoknowhowspecialhewas6.________her.Itwasherfatherthatmadealltheparentalsacrificesandwas,7.________theeyesofhisdaughter,acourageous,selfless,andlovingman.Sonora'sfatherwasborninJune,soshechosetoholdthefirstFather'sDaycelebration8.________Spokane,Washington9.________the19thofJune,1910.In1924PresidentCalvinCoolidgeannouncedthethirdSundayinJune10.________Father'sDay.RosesaretheflowersforFather'sDay.【答案】 1.for 2.with 3.of 4.in 5.by 6.to 7.in 8.in 9.on 10.as综合演练语法填空用适当的词完成下列短文Itmayhelpyoutoknowthatthereisnosuchthingasaperfectspeech.1.________somepointineveryspeech,everyspeakersayssomethingthatisnotunderstoodexactlyashehasplanned.Fortunately,themomentsareusuallynotobvious2.________thelisteners.Why?Becausethelistenersdonotknowwhatthespeakerplansto\nsay.Theyhearonlywhatthespeakerdoessay.Ifyouloseyourplace3.________amoment,wronglychangetheorderofacouple4.________sentences,5.________forgettopauseatacertainpoint,noonewillbeanythewiser.Whensuchmomentsoccur,don'tworryaboutthem.Justcontinueasifnothinghappened.Evenifyoudomakeanobviousmistake6.________aspeech,thatdoesn'treallymatter.Infact,thelistenersarenotlooking7.________aperfectperformer.Theyarelookingforawellthoughtoutspeechthatexpressesthespeaker'sideasclearly8.________directly.Asyouwork9.________yourspeech,don'tworryaboutbeingimperfect.Onceyoufreeyourmind10.________this,youwillfinditmucheasiertogiveyourspeechfreely.【答案】 1.At 2.to 3.for 4.of 5.or 6.during7.for 8.and 9.on 10.of

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发布时间:2022-08-25 22:01:15 页数:7
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