湖北省高考英语二轮复习 专题升级训练卷十三 阅读理解(一)

2013年高考第二轮复习英语湖北版专题升级训练十三　阅读理解(一)AMorethanhalfofrichAmericanshavenotshowntheirfullwealthtotheirchildren,anewsurveyshowedlastTuesday.Thesurvey,publishedbytheBankofAmerica,studiedtherichwith$3millionormoreinassets.Itfoundthat“surprisinglyfewofthosesurveyedhavewelldevelopedplanstopreserveandpassontheirassetstotheirchildren”．Themajorityofthe457peoplesurveyedareselfmade,firstgenerationrich.Fiftytwopercentofparentshavechosennottotelltheirchildrenjusthowwealthytheyare,and15percenthavegivenawaynothingaboutthefamilywealth.Oneinthreeparentssaidtheyhadneverthoughttodoit.Theyareworriedthattheirchildrenwouldbecomelazy,spendmoneyfreely,makebaddecisionsandevenbecomeatargetforgolddiggers.Only34percentstronglyagreedthattheirchildrenwouldbeabletohandleanyinheritance(遗产)theyplantoleavethem.“Thereisanexpectationaboutthewealthyparentsthattheyhavearesponsibilitytopassdowntheirfortunetothenextgeneration，”saidSallieKrawcheck,presidentoftheGlobalWealthandInvestmentManagementoftheBankofAmerica.“Ourresearch,however,uncoveredchangingviewsofwhatonegenerationowesthenext.”Thetrendisledbytheworld'srichestmanBillGates,whopromisedin2008thathewouldleavehis$58billionfortunetothecharitystartedbyhimandhiswife,theBillandMelindaGatesFoundation(基金会),andnottohischildren.“Wewanttogiveitbacktosocietyinthewaythatitwillhavethemostpositiveimpact，”hesaid.Ofhisplansforhischildren,Gatessaid:“Iwillgivethekidssomemoneybutnotameaningfulpercentage...theywillneedtoworkbuttheywillfeelreasonablytakencareof.”1．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat______.A．richparentsmaynotknowhowtomanagetheirinheritanceB．richparentsdon'tequalrichkids,atleastintheUSC．Americanchildrendon'tgettoinherittheirparents'wealthD．poorchildrendon'texpectthemselvestobeasrichastheirparents2．Accordingtothesurvey，mostrichAmericans______.A．thinktheyowetheirchildrennothingB．thinkitbesttogivetheirmoneybacktosocietyC．doubttheirchildren'sabilitytohandlewealthD．areconfidentoftheirchildren'sabilitytohandlewealth3．Theunderlinedword“they”inParagraph6refersto______.A．responsiblechildrenB．BillGatesandhiswifeC．firstgenerationrichD．richparents4．FromthelastParagraph，wecanseethatBillGateswantstoshow______.A．thetrendofleavingnoinheritancetochildrenB．thepositiveimpactofcharityonsocietyC．thewayofgivingbacktosocietyD．theimportanceofindependenceforchildrenB-7-\nInthepastyear,thenumberofparentingcontracts—statementssignedbyparentsagreeingtobringtheirchildtoschool—hasgoneupby41%to6,861.Thenumberofcourtissuedpunishmentnoticeswentupby12%to7,793lastyear.TheDepartmentforChildren,SchoolsandFamiliessaidthatpartoftherisewasduetoabanonparentstakingtheirchildoutofschoolduringtermtimetogoonholiday.TheLabourgovernmenthasatargettocuttruancy(逃学)byathird,butthecurrentrateofunauthorisedabsenceinEnglandisathirdhigherthanin2001.Thegovernmenthasintroducedtoughnewpermissiontoforceparentstodealwiththeirchild'struancy.Parentscanbefined,askedtosigncontracts,ororderedtomaketheirchildgotoschool.Finallytheycanbesenttoprison.ThefirstparenttobeputinprisonwasPatriciaAmos,fromBanbury,Oxfordshire,in2006.SeparatefiguresfromtheMinistryofJusticetodayshowthat133parentswereputinprisonbetween2004and2011forfailingtopreventtheirchild'struancy.Children'sMinisterDelythMorgansaid:“It'simportantthatwebackschoolsandlocalauthoritiesinusingthesepowerstodealwithproblempupilsandbadbehaviour.Theyrightlymakeparentstakeresponsibilityfortheirchildren.Theselatestfiguresshowthatschoolsandlocalauthoritiescontinuetomakegooduseofthesemeasures.”DavidLaws,theLiberalDemocrateducationspokesman，said:“Whileparentsneedtotakeresponsibilityfortheirchildren'sbehaviourandhavethedutytoensuretheyattendschool,truancyratesacrossthecountryremainskyhigh.Whatisneededisamoreeffectivelocalapproachinvolvingparents，schoolsandthepolice.Extramoneytocutclasssizesandprovidemoreonetoonesupportwillenableteacherstoworkwithindividualchildrenandmakesurethattheyareoccupiedintheclassroom.”5．Parentingcontractsaresignedto______.A．remindparentstohelptheirchildwithhishomeworkB．makeparentsaccompanytheirchildtoschoolC．keepchildrensafeonthewaytoschoolD．ensurechildrenattendschool6．Theworstpunishmentparentscanbefacedwithis______.A．tobefinedB．tobeputintoprisonC．tosignacontractD．tolosetherighttoraisechildren7．Theunderlinedword“back”inParagraph4probablymeans“______”．A．adjust　　　　　　　　B．limitC．opposeD．support8．Weknowfromthepassagethat______.A．thegovernment'sapproachhashadlittleeffectonchildren'struancyB．thegovernmentshouldtaketoughermeasuresagainstparentsC．thenumberofparentssenttoprisonhasreducedD．schoolsandlocalauthoritiesmisusethemeasuresCWhenAllisonWinnwaseightandherfamilyadoptedadognamedCoco,theyhad-7-\nnoideahowmuchthelittlecreaturewouldchangeherlife.“Cocohelpedmefeelbetter,”saysAllison,whowasrecoveringfrom14monthsoftreatmentforabraincanceratthetime.“Shewouldcuddleup(偎依)tomewhenIdidn'twanttoplay.”AllisonlovedCocosomuchthatshetoldherparentsshewantedtohelpothersickkidsfindthesamekindofcomfort.Shestartedwithsmallbusiness,raisingmoneybysellinglemonadeandhomemadedogbiscuitsinfrontofherhouse.Herfirstcustomerwasamailman.Bytheendofthatsummer,shehadraisednearly$1,000,enoughtoadoptandtraintwodogsandgivethemtochildrenwithcancer.Now,alittlemorethantwoyearslater,somegroupsgathertomakedogtreatsforAllison'scause.Herorganization,theStinkBugProject,namedafterapictureshedrewinmemoryoftheendofhertreatment,isrunandmanagedinpartnershipwiththeMorganAdamsFoundation.StinkBughelpsfamiliesadoptpetsfromtheTrainedK9CompanionProgram,wheretherescueddogsaretaughtcommands.Allison'smother,DiannaLitvak,whohelpsrunStinkBug,hopestoextendthepetadoptionprogramstatewideandcontinuedonatingsomeofthemoneytohelpfundchildren'scancerresearch.“Allisonhasfiguredouthowtohelp—inawaythatnooneelsehas，”Litvaksays.“Weinvolveheryoungersister,Emily,herfriends,theadoptingfamilies,andsomeothers.Ittooktheloveofalittlegirltowrapallthattogetherintooneamazingpackage.”Gotostinkbugproject.orgtodonateortobuyAllison'sdogbiscuits.9．Atthebeginning,Allison'sfamily______.A．wantedothersickchildrentogetthesamecomfortB．didn'tknowthesufferingsoffightingacancerC．thoughtadog'scompanywouldharmherhealthD．didn'texpectadogcouldchangehersomuch10．ThenameofAllison'sorganization,theStinkBugProject，isfrom______.A．oneofherdrawingsB．herdogC．herhomemadebiscuitsD．herfriend11．AccordingtoParagraph4,Allison'smotherfeels______.A．calmB．worriedC．embarrassedD．proud12．What'sthepassagemainlyabout?A．Helpingtomakedogtreats.B．Adoptingadogforyourchild.C．Givingdogsandlovetokidswithcancer.D．Raisingmoneytotrainpets.DAyogamastermadeashockingstatementthatAbrahamLincolnhadbeenaHimalayanyogiinapastlife.LincolndeliveredaproclamationsettingupThanksgivingasanAmericanholidayin1863.ResearchthrowslightonapossibleHindu(印度的)originfortheAmericancelebrationofThanksgiving.“TheholidayofThanksgivinghasaHinduorigin，”saysRichardSalva,authorofabookonthereincarnation(转世)ofAbrahamLincolnentitledSoulJourney:FromLincolntoLindberghwhichisbasedonastatementbythegreatmasterofyoga,ParamhamsaYogananda，whodeclaredthatAbrahamLincolnhadbeenaHimalayanyogiinapastlife,andthathewasrebornasthefamouspilot,CharlesLindbergh.“Duringmysearchforsignsofapastlifeyogapractice，”Salvasaid,“InoticedthatPresidentLincolnrepeatedlychoseThursdays]asnationaldaysofprayer,fasting(禁食),andthanksgiving.Thiswasinteresting,becauseThursdayisconsidered-7-\naholyday—adayforprayer,fasting,andspiritualreflection—amongHindus,whocallit‘guruday]’．”“LincolnalsosetasidetimeonThursdaystogrieveforhisson,Willie,whodiedinWashington.Clearly,ThursdayshadaspiritualsignificanceinLincoln'smind.”Inhisbook,RichardSalvapresentsmorethan500connectionsbetweenLincoln,Lindbergh,andtheancientspiritualscienceofyoga.TheconnectionsrunthrougheveryaspectofthehumanconditionandprovideconvincingevidencethatLincolnhadhadaHindupastlife.MorethanoneoutofeveryfiveAmericanstodaybelievesinreincarnation—yetfewareawareofhowpastlifepatternsaffectthem.SoulJourneytriestofillthisgap,byofferingasubstituteexperienceofreincarnation.ThroughclearandpersuasivesimilaritiesbetweenthelivesofLincolnandLindbergh,thebookdiscovershowthehiddenlawsoffateandreincarnationimpacttheeventsofhisorherdailylife.Itaddressesotherissues,suchasthesecretspiritualhistoryofAmerica'sgreatestpresident,includinghispastlifeasaHimalayanyogi;thehiddencluesthatrevealpastlives;thegreatnessheachieved;andthespiritualprinciplesbehindtheyogaposturesthatmillionsnowpractice.13．BasedonRichardSalva'sview，______.A．HindusstartedtheholidayofThanksgivingB．theAmericanscopiedThanksgivingfromHindusC．ThanksgivinghadHindusrootsD．CharlesLindberghhadbeenaHimalayanyogi14．Wecandrawaconclusionfromthepassagethat______.A．inIndiaThursdayisareligiousdayB．inIndiaalltheprayersaredoneonThursdayC．AbrahamLincolnwasonceafamouspilotD．ParamhamsaYoganandaoncetaughtLincolnyoga15．Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat______.A．thebookdiscoversthelawsoffateandreincarnationB．yogaiscloselyconnectedwithreligionC．thebookgivesascientificdescriptionofLincoln'sspirituallifeD．LincolnandLindberghmusthaveinfluencedeachotheralot16．WhenitcametothecomparisonbetweenLincolnandLindbergh,theauthorhelda______attitude.A．neutralB．doubtfulC．negativeD．positiveEInofferingMichaelJacksonticketholdersthechoicetotakearefundorreceivetheirunusableticketsassouvenirs,AEGhaveintroducedmusicfanstooneofthemostunmanageableproblemsinthemathematicalsciences.Ifnearlyeverybodytakestherefundthenthetickets,designedbytheKingofPophimself,willbecomecollectors'itemsandworthafortune.However,ifall750,000fanstaketheirticketsthentheywillallholdworthlessbitsoffancypaper.ThechoicefacingfansissimilartotheElFarolbarproblem,whichhasbeenthesubjectofhundredsofacademicpapersandinspiredawholefield:minoritygametheory.Thatis,ifyoureasonthateveryMichaelJacksonfanwilltakearefundthenyoushouldtaketheticket,buttheywillreasoninthesamewayandtherewillbeafloodofsouvenirs,soyoushouldaskforyourmoneyback,butthen...So,withthebenefitofthehundredsofacademicpapersfromscientistsaroundtheworld,whatshouldaTimesreaderwhoholdsaticketdo?Theresearchtellsus-7-\nthat,ifyouassumeeverybodyelsewillusethesamestrategyasyou,thenthebestyoucandoistothrowadice(骰子):decidingwhetherornottokeeptheticketaccordingtoaprobabilitydeterminedbydemandforticketsandprice.However,workingouttheprobabilityistoughandmostfans,withoutthebenefitofminoritygametheory,won'tbetossingadice.ThereisonehugefactorintheMichaelJacksonproblemwhichisn'tinthestandardElFatolbarproblem.Hype(炒作).IftheownersoftheElFarolbardistributedfliers(传单)announcingitwasgoingtobequietnextweek,thenitwouldbeasafebettostayathomewithaglassofwine.Somyadvicewouldbetoreadthenewspapersanddecidewhattodoonthebasisoftheexperts'advice.Ifallthearticlesyoureadsaytheticketswillbecollectors'itemsthenaskforarefund,andiftheyallaccuseAEGofcheatingcrazyfansthentaketheticket.Itwas,afterall,designedbyMichaelJackson.17．InthePara.1,theunderlinedpart“theKingofPop”refersto______.A．ElFarolB．MichaelJacksonC．AticketholderD．Asouvenirkeeper18．TheburningproblemMichaelJacksonticketholdershavetodealwithis______.A．whatadvicetotakeB．howtogettheirmoneybackC．howtodealwiththeticketsD．howtomakeafortune19．Itisn'tsaidbutimpliedthat“minoritygametheory”isatheoryabout______.A．people'sreasoningB．Jackson'sstrategyC．experts'adviceD．minority'sbet20．Whatthewriteradvisestheticketholderstodois______.A．tothrowadiceB．tofollowtheexpertsC．toreadthenewspaperD．totaketheticket-7-\n参考答案专题升级训练十三　阅读理解(一)A【解题导语】调查表明，大部分美国富人不愿向孩子炫富，甚至不打算将丰厚的资产传给后代。1．B　推理判断题。第二段的后半部分提到在被调查的美国富人中，几乎没有人计划为他们的孩子保留资产或者将资产传给孩子，由此可推断在美国，父母富有并不意味着孩子富有。2．C　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，大部分美国富人怀疑他们的孩子处理财富的能力。3．D　词义猜测题。人们期望富裕的父母把他们的财富传给下一代，此处they指代的是画线词前面的“thewealthyparents”，即“richparents”。4．D　推理判断题。根据本段中比尔·盖茨所说的话可推知，他更强调孩子的个人奋斗，认为培养孩子的自立很重要。B【解题导语】为了阻止孩子逃学，英国政府采取了一些强硬措施，让父母为孩子的逃学承担责任。但英国孩子的逃学率依然居高不下，因此还需要采取更有效的措施。5．D　细节理解题。根据文章第一句中的“...parentingcontracts—statementssignedbyparentsagreeingtobringtheirchildtoschool...”可知，签订家长合同是为了确保孩子们上学。6．B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Parentscanbefined，asked...theycanbesenttoprison.”可知，父母面临的最严厉的惩罚是被监禁。7．D　词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“Theyrightlymakeparentstakeresponsibilityfortheirchildren.”可知，德利斯·摩根对此项措施持支持态度，back在此处意为”支持”，与“support”同义。8．A　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句以及文章最后一段的内容可知，尽管政府采取了一些措施，但全国的逃学率依然很高，因此选A项。C【解题导语】对患有脑癌的艾莉森来说，狗的陪伴给了她极大的安慰。通过努力，艾莉森创立了一个组织，帮助一些家庭收养宠物，以使其他患病的孩子得到同样的安慰。9．D　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“...theyhadnoideahowmuchthelittlecreaturewouldchangeherlife.”可知，一开始，艾莉森的家人并没有期待狗会使艾莉森改变多少，故选D项。10．A　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“Herorganization，theStinkBugProject，namedafterapictureshedrew...”可知，应选A项。11．D　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知艾莉森的母亲为女儿的爱心而感到自豪。12．C　主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了艾莉森的故事，在文章结尾号召人们捐赠或购买艾莉森的自制狗饼干，即把狗和爱心献给患有癌症的孩子们，因此C项最能概括文章大意。D【解题导语】你相信转世说吗？本文就对此进行了一下探讨。13．C　细节理解题。根据第二段中理查德·萨尔瓦所说的话“TheholidayofThanksgivinghasaHinduorigin...”可以得出答案。14．A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Thiswasinteresting，becauseThursdayisconsideredaholyday—adayforprayer，fasting，andspiritualreflection—amongHindus，whocallit‘guruday’．”可推出答案。15．B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“...andthespiritualprinciplesbehindtheyogaposturesthatmillionsnowpractice.”可推知，瑜伽充满了宗教色彩。16．D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Throughclearandpersuasive...theeventsofhisorherdailylife.”可推出作者的态度是积极的。E-7-\n【解题导语】迈克尔·杰克逊的突然辞世给世界各地的歌迷们留下无尽的悲伤，而他未来得及举办的演唱会已售出的门票也成了歌迷们要面对的一个“难题”。17．B　细节理解题。根据画线部分所在句子以及最后一段最后一句可知答案。18．C　推理判断题。通读全文可知，迈克尔·杰克逊演唱会门票的持有人面临的问题是：如何处理门票，即退票或将票留作纪念。19．A　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可以推断，minoritygametheory是关于人们的推理的理论。20．C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Somyadvicewouldbetoreadthenewspapersanddecidewhattodoonthebasisoftheexperts'advice.”可知C项正确。-7-