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中考英语易错题(18)

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中考英语易错题(18)1.last [误]Thisisthenewestnews.[正]Thisisthelatestnews.[析]“最新消息”应为latestnews,因为最晚到的新闻才是最新消息,请注意英语与汉语的区别。 last,thelast[误]Isawmybrotherthelastweek.[正]Isawmybrotherlastweek.[析]当谈到与目前有关的上月、上星期等概念时只能用lastmonth,lastweek,而不能加定冠词,thelast可用于表示一系列词的最后一个,如:ThatwasthelastChristmasIspentathome.但thelast可以用来表示持续到现在的一个长时期,如:Iambusyforthelastweek. 2.late [误]YesterdayIwenthomelately.[正]YesterdayIwenthomelate.[析]late既可作形容词又可作副词;而lately则意为“最近的”,如:Ihaven'tseenherlately. late,latter,later,latelylate有两个比较级,指时间较晚应用later,如口语中常讲:Seeyoulater.(一会见。)而latter则指按顺序讲的后者,或靠后的,其反意词为former,如:theformerpresident(前总统)。又如:Icanunderstandthelatterpartofthestory.而lately则意为“近来”、“不久前”。 3.lay [误]Weliedonthebeach.[正]Welayonthebeach.[析]英文中有三个动词易混,在考试中也频频出现,它们的现在式、过去式、过去分词以及现在分词是:lay(vt.放)laid,laid,layinglie(vi.躺)lay,laincyinglie(vi..说谎)liedliedlying 4.learn [误]Theteachersaid:"Youmuststudythispoembyheart."[正]Theteachersaid:"Youmustlearnthispoembyheart."4\n[析]study与learn在作“学习”讲时,常常可以互换,但learn侧重于学习成果或初级阶段的模仿性学习,如:Thelittlebabyislearningtowalk.而study则多侧重于学习的过程,如:I'mstudyingatthiscollege.而learn…byheart则是“记住”、“背诵”之意。 5.leave [误]I'llleaveBeijingtoShanghai.[正]I'llleaveBeijingforShanghai.[析]leavefor一词组为“去某地”,如对话中常讲I'llleaveforShanghai.因所离开的地点是双方都知道的则可以省略。 leave,forget[误]I'veforgottenmyhomeworkathome.[正]I'veforgottenmyhomework.[正]I'veleftmyhomeworkathome.[析]如果句中有地点状语则不要用forget,而要用leave. 6.lesson [误]IhavetwolessonsofEnglish.  [正]IhavetwoEnglishlessons.  [正]IhavetwolessonsinEnglish.  [析]“我有两节英语课。”这一表达法如上,但美国老师讲他有两节课时则多用“Ihavetwoclasses.”teachsomebodyalesson为“教训某人”,或“要吸取教训”,如:Letthisthingteachesyoualesson. 7.lend [误]Pleaseborrowmeyourbike.[正]Pleaselendmeyourbike.[析]borrow是指“借入”,如:Iwanttoborrowsomebooksfromthelibrary.lend是“借出”,如:Icanlendyoumybike.而keep为“借多久”,如HowlongcanIkeepit? 8.less [误]Hehasfewermoneythanshehas.[正]Hehaslessmoneythanshehas.[析]less是little的比较级,而fewer是few的比较级。要注意前者修饰不可数名词,而后者修饰可数名词。 9.let 4\n[误]Theteacherletsthestudentscleantheclassroomasapunishment.[正]Theteachermakesthestudentscleantheclassroomasapunishment.[析]虽然let,have,make有相同的用法,但make和have含有迫使某人做某事的意思。 [误]Let'sgotothepark,willyou?[正]Let'sgotothepark,shallwe?[误]Letusgotothepark,shallwe?[正]Letusgotothepark,willyou?[析]Let'sgo的反意疑问句是shallwe?而Letusgo的反意疑问句则是willyou? 10.life [误]ManypeoplelosttheirlifeintheSecondWorldWar.[正]ManyPeoplelosttheirlivesintheSecondWorldWar.[析]life作为“生命”、“性命”时应为可数名词;当泛指一般“生活”讲时则为不可数名词,如:Whichdoyouprefer,townlifeorcountrylife?又如:Lifeisnotallfun. 11.light [误]Thereisadeskwithalitlamponit.[正]Thereisadeskwithalightedlamponit.[析]light有两个过去分词:lighted和lit,当用过去分词作形容词当定语时只能用lighted.light可以用作名词,如:Themoongetsitslightfromthesun.也可以作形容词,如:Theclassroomisverylight.还可以作动词,如:Thelittlegirllitamatch.作形容词时还有“轻”、“浅”等意,如:Thisboxislight.Ilikelightblue. 12.like [误]Mysisterisveryasme.[正]Mysisterisverylikeme.[析]as作为连词其后要接从句,如:Sheisagoodstudentashisbrotherusedtobe.而like是介词,其后接宾语。 [误]Doyoulikeswimmingwithmetonight?[正]Wouldyouliketoswimwithmetonight?[析]like作为动词当“喜欢”讲时,其后面可接不定式也可接动名词,用不定式多表达一个一次性的动作,如:I'msorryIdon'tliketogoswimmingtonight.用动名词则表示一个习惯性的动作,如:Ilikeswimmingverymuch. like,alike作为形容词,alike一般不作定语,而只作表语,如;Thetwinsareveryalike.  [误]Wouldyoulikeswimmingwithus?4\n  [正]Wouldyouliketoswimwithus?  [析]在wouldyoulike…这一句型中,其后面只能接不定式,而不能接动名词。like的用法还要注意以下两点:①HelikesTom.为“他喜欢汤姆。”②HeislikeTom.为“他像汤姆。”第二句话的like为介词,而第一句话的like为动词。 13.listen [误]Youshouldheartheteahcer'sadvice.[正]Youshouldlistentotheteacher'sadvice.[析]hear多侧重于听到某事或某种声音,而listento则侧重于听的倾向性。如:Welistenbuthearnothing.例句为“听取某人意见”,所以只能用listentosomeone'sadvice. 14.little [误]Don'tworry,thereislittletime.[正]Don'tworry,thereisalittletime.[误]Thereisalittlewater.ShallIgetsome?[正]Thereislittlewater.ShallIgetsome?[析]要注意中英文在同一问题上的表达法是不同的。如中文“水不多了,我去取点吧。”英文要讲“没水了,我去取点吧。” little,smalllittle与small是近义词,在作定语时常常可以互换,如:alittlegirl或asmallgirl,但little一般不作表语,如:Thecaroverthereissmall.一句中不要用little.作定语时little常常带有感情色彩,而small则带有对比的含义。 15.live [误]Tomliveswithhisparents'money.[正]Tomlivesonhisparents'money.[误]Helivesonteaching.[正]Helivesbyteaching.[析]“靠吃某物为生”应用liveonsomething,而liveby是“靠某种生活手段为生”。  living,aliveliving侧重于生活得很好,身体不错,如:Mygrandfatherisstilllivinginhiseighties.而alive则强调没有死而是活着的,如:Isthatcataliveordead?4

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发布时间:2022-08-25 21:01:26 页数:4
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文章作者:U-336598

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