新课标河南省2022中考英语第三部分中招题型研究三阅读理解B话题1事物介绍

话题1事物介绍为什么我们是朋友“Friendsarethefamilyyouchoose”Doyouknowwhy?AnewstudybyYaleUniversityandtheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegocangiveussomereasons.Scientistsstudiedthegenes(基因)ofalmost2,000people.Someofthesepeoplewerefriends,othersweresimplystrangers.Scientistsfoundthatfriendshadmoregenesincommonthanstrangers.Pairsoffriendshadsimilargenesaspeopledowithadistantrelative(远亲).Thisisaboutit’softhehumangenome(人类基因组).Although1%maynotsoundlikemuchtogeneticists(遗传学),itisanimportantnumber.“Mostpeopledon’tevenknowwhotheirdistantrelativesare,yetwearesomehowabletochoosepeoplewhoarelikeourrelativesasfriends”NicholasChristakis,asocialscientistatuniversitytoldLiveScience.Thismightbebecausesimilargenesmakepeoplevisitsimilarplaces,orsimilargenesmeanpeoplewillhavesimilarskills.Themostcommongenethatfriendshaveisthe“olfactory”gene.Itaffects(影响)aperson’ssenseofsmell.Imaginethatyouandsomeoneelsebothlikethesmelloftrees.Youmayoftenvisitapark.Therefore,youmaylikelymeetthatotherpersonandbecomefriends.Asaresultofthestudy,scientistssetaninterestingtestcalledthe“friendshipsource”.Thetestcantellwhethertwopeoplecouldbefriendsbystudyingtheirgenes.Doyouwanttoknowwhowillbeyourfriendswiththehelpofthetest?1.Accordingtothepassage,howmanypeoplemaynotsoundlikemuchtogeneticistsamong2,000people?A.10.B.20.C.100.D.200.2.Accordingtothestudy,scientistsfoundthatfriendshad.A.moregenesincommonthanstrangersB.fewergenesincommonthanstrangersC.fewergenesincommonthandistantrelatives3\nD.moregenesincommonthandistantrelatives3.What’sthemeaningof“olfactory”?A.听觉的B.视觉的C.嗅觉的D.触觉的4.Thetest“friendshipsource”cantellwhethertwopeoplecouldbefriendsby.A.visitingsimilarplacesB.meetingsimilarpeopleC.studyingtheirgenesD.havingsimilarskills5.Whereisthetextmostprobablyfrom?A.Advertisement.B.Newspaper.C.Novel.D.Note.3\n【主旨大意】本文是一篇关于朋友的说明文。主要说明了朋友之间是如何建立关系的。在朋友之间有一些相似的基因，并且由这些基因导致彼此之间形成了良好的友谊关系，从而成为很要好的朋友。1.B【解析】数字计算题。题干意为：根据文章，在2000人中有多少人跟遗传学可能不符？根据第二段第一句“Scientistsstudiedthegenes(基因)ofalmost2,000people.”和第三段最后一句“Although1%maynotsoundlikemuchtogeneticists(遗传学)”可知，2000×1%=20。故选B。2.A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据研究，科学家们发现朋友。A项：相同的基因比陌生人更多；B项：相同的基因比陌生人更少；C项：相同的基因比远亲更少；D项：相同的基因比远亲更多。根据短文第二段最后一句可知科学家们发现朋友的相同基因比陌生人更多。故选A。3.C【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：“olfactory”的意思是什么？根据olfactory所在句子后面的短文介绍中提到smell气味，可推知是与嗅觉有关，故选C。4.C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：“友谊分值”测试通过能告诉两个人是否能够成为朋友。A项：参观相似的地方；B项：见相似的人；C项：研究他们的基因；D项：有相似的技能。根据短文倒数第二段最后一句可知通过的方式是studyingtheirgenes。故选C。5.B【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：这篇短文可能来自哪里？A项：广告；B项：报纸；C项：小说；D项：便条。根据整个短文的内容可以推断出很可能来自于报纸。故选B。3