高中英语高考复习词类辨析练习（一）（附参考答案）

高考英语词类辨析练习班级考号姓名总分1.Experienceisagreat_______whenyou’relookingforajob.A.chance                     B.importance           C.assistant                   D.advantage2.Likeitornotthereisalways_____ofonekindoranotherinourdailylifeinthiscompetitivesociety.A.pressure           B.reputation                 C.standard                   D.permission3.Althoughitisnotournormal_______togivecreditinourshop,thistimeIthinkweshouldconsiderthemattermoreclosely.A.habit                 B.practice                   C.action                      D.intention4.Asuccessfulscientistneeds_____ifhewantstomakehypothesis（假设）ofhowprocessworksandhoweventstakeplace.A.permission        B.instruction                C.imagination             D.convention5.Much _______, Ithink, shouldbepaidtoyourEnglishstudysothatyoucanpasstheexaminationsuccessfully.A.influence       B.heart                C.approach                 D.attention6.Youmusttrysomeofherhome-madewine.It’squiteanunforgettable____.A.entertainment    B.experience               C.adventure                 D.addiction7.Didyouknowwhathis_______tomyproposalwouldbeafterthemeeting?A.impression        B.reaction C.comment                D.opinion8.Inthisfactory,suggestionsoftenhavetowaitformonthsbeforetheyarefully_____.A.admitted             B.acknowledged        7\nC.absorbed               D.considered9.Americanwomenwere____therighttovoteuntil1920aftermanyyearsofhardstruggle.A.ignored           B.refused                  C.neglected               D.denied10.ThelostcaroftheLeeswasfound_____inthewoodsoffthehighway.A.vanished           B.abandoned            C.scattered               D.rejected11.Thoseboysdon’tknowmuchaboutsociety;that’swhythey’resoeasily_______.A.takenin            B.takenup                   C.takenon                   D.takenoff12.Ontheexhibition,he________allhiscollectingstampstothevisitorsalloverthecountry.A.showedoff      B.speededup             C.broughtin              D.gaveout13.Atpresentthehotelisalmostempty,butI’msurethingswillstartto________inthespring.A.takeup             B.pickup                    C.makeup                   D.giveup14.Shetoldmeshewantedto______hertwoo’clockappointmentinordertotakecareofhersickhusband.A.putdown           B.calloff                     C.hangup                    D.takeoff15.Ifapeaceprocessgotunderway,SaudiArabiawould_______directlyinmultilateraltalksaboutregionalproblems.A.participate       B.perform                    C.possess                    D.predict16.Thiscountryhasagreatareaofoil,________twothirdsoftheirexport.A.makingfor     B.countingon          C.accountingfor       D.consistingin7\n17.Ithinkitagoodchancethatsomeforeignerswill________someChineseduringtheBeijingOlympics.A.pickout            B.pickup                    C.giveup                    D.giveout18.Couldyouplease________areallyelegantsolutiontoourproblemifyoudon'tlikewhatIhavetosay?A.putupwith        B.comeupwith           C.addedupwith           D.madeupfor19.Withthefreshwaterreducing,theUnitedNationsis_______toallthecitizenstosavewater.A.adapting            B.attacking                  C.appealing                D.approaching20.Afterpassingseveralcars,Fredsuddenly_____toosoonandnearlycausedanaccident.A.cutdown           B.cutout                     C.cutup                      D.cutin21.Auniversityisaneducationalinstitutionwhich____degreesandcarriesoutresearch.A.rewards           B.awards                 C.grants                   D.presents22.WhenMikewas16he_________goingaroundwithastrangesetofpeopleandstayingoutverylate.A.took to             B.took up                    C.took for                    D.took on  23.TheOlympicCommitteehasdrawnupstrictrulesfortheathleteto______.Agoon                Bgowith                    Cgowithout                Dgoby24.Itiswrongforsomeoneinsuchahigh____inthegovernmenttobehavetoobadlyinpublic.A.situation          B.position                C.employment          D.profession25.Weallknewfromthevery________thattheplanwouldfail.7\nA.outcome          B.outset                   C.income                  D.output26.Helookedratheruntidyasthereweretwobuttons_____fromhiscoat.A.loosing            B.losing                   C.off                        D.missing27.Lawyersoftenmakehigher_______fortheirworkthantheyshould.A.bills                B.charges                C.prices                    D.costs28.Howcanwegetthislanguagepoint_______tothestudents?A.down               B.round                    C.across                  D.into29.Thisbookgivesabrief_______ofthehistoryofthecastleanddetailsoftheartcollectioninthemainhall.A.outline            B.reference               C.article            D.outlook30.AlthoughJohnwastheeldestinthefamily,healwayslethissister_______chargeofthehouse.A.take                B.hold                      C.make             D.get7\n附：参考答案1.D.advantage阅历在找工作时是一项优势（advantage）。本题易误选B。2.A.pressure           名词辨析。不管你喜欢不喜欢，在当今竞争社会里，我们日常生活中总是存在着各种各样的压力。Pressure“压力”；reputation“名誉”；standard“标准”；permission“允许”，根据句意，A正确。3.B.practice                   practice指长期形成的“做法，规则”。4.C.imagination             permission许可,允许；instruction命令，说明；convention惯例，常规。5.D.attention根据句子意思,此处用attention构成payattentionto短语,表示“注意…”6.B.experience               7.B.reaction 【试题立意】该题考查名词词义辨析，应注意选项之间语意的不同，根据句意正确选择。 reaction 意为“对……的反应”。impression与on 搭配，表示“给……留下……印象”。comment 与on 搭配，表示“对……做出……评价”。opinionon意为“对……发表看法（意见）”。句意为“你知道会后他对我的建议反应如何吗？。”【教学启示】正确区分四个选项的含义，及其搭配，平时多注意近义名词的辨析。8.D.consideredconsidered 考虑;admit 承认;absorb 吸收。[注意]acknowledge1)(=agreeoradmitthetruthof;confess) 承认, 供认;A.Heacknowledgedhismistake.(他承认了他的错误。)B.接动名词 Heacknowledgedhavingbeenbeaten.(他承认被打败了。)2)(expressthanksfor) 致谢;A.Maryacknowledgedthegiftwithapleasantletter.(玛丽致函感谢馈赠的礼物。)B.Hislongservicewiththecompanywasacknowledgedwithapresent.(向他赠送礼品以感谢他长期来对公司的服务。)9.D.denieddeny1)否认：A.Hedidn'tdenythefacts.B.Theycouldn'tdenythatitwasaseriousblowtothem.C.Hedeniedhavingeverthere.(他否认曾到过那里。)2)(=say'no'toarequest;refusetogivesth.askedfororneeded)不给予；Lotsofpeopleweredeniedtherighttovote.(许多人被剥夺了选举权。)Hedenieshiswifenothing.(他对他的妻子有求必应。)10.B.abandoned            abandoned(=giveupcompletely) 放弃, 抛弃;1)Thescientistabandonedhisresearchforlackoffund.2)Thesailorsabandonedtheburningship.[注意]abandon 暗指某人对其所抛弃的人或物将会发生什么事情不感兴趣, 如把撞坏的汽车抛弃在路旁。vanish(=suddenlydisappear;gooutofexistence)vi.消失, 绝迹;1)Theairplanevanishedintotheclouds.2)Manykindsofanimalshavevanishedform7\ntheearth.(许多种类的动物以在地球上绝迹。)  scatter(=send,goindifferentdirection) 驱使, 使分散;Thepolicescatteredthecrowed.(警察驱散人群。)(=throworputinvariousdirections) 撒, 到处放;Hescatteredhisclothesallovertheroom.reject(=refusetoaccept) 拒绝接受;Sherejectedmysuggestion.11.A.takenin            Takein“欺骗，收容，吸收”；takeup“从事，继续”；takeon“呈现”；takeoff“脱掉，起飞”，根据句意A正确。这些孩子涉世不深，这就是他们如此容易被骗/上当的原因。12.A.showedoff      showoff 意为“卖弄；出示给某人看；展示”，符合题意；speedup“加速”；bringin“带进，赚的”；giveout“分发，泄露”。13.B.pickup                    pickup意为“好转”，符合题意。takeup“占据”；makeup“化妆”；giveup“放弃”。【知识拓宽】根据语境和动词短语的意义来回答。14.B.calloff                     calloff“取消”，符合题意。putdown“放下”；hangup“挂断电话 ”；takeoff“脱下（衣服）。”15.A.participate       participate参加，参与；perform履行，表演；possess占有，拥有；predict预知，预言。16.C.accountingfor       accountfor占, 解决，符合句意;makefor有助于，倾向于, 导致；counton依靠, 指望；consistin存在于。这个国家有大量的石油，占出口的三分之二。17.B.pickup                    pickup“获得，学会”；pickout“挑选”；giveup“放弃”；giveout“分发，用完”。18.B.comeupwith           (针对问题等)想出;提供，如：Hecameupwithgoodideasfortheproductpromotion.他想出一个推广产品的好方法。putupwith”忍受;容忍”。如：Shecouldhardlyputupwiththat fellowanylonger.她再也不能忍受那家伙。makeupfor”补偿” 本题易误选A。19.C.appealing                appealto（常与to连用）吸引；引起兴趣；唤起；adapt与“to”连用，固定短语“适应”；attack指"攻击敌人"或"用言论攻击他人"；approachto 接近, 近似, 约等于;(做某事)的方法[途径] 。20.D.cutincutdown“减少, 消减”；cutout“剪出”；cutup“切割”cutin（指车辆或司机）超车抢道。21.B.awards                 awardssb.sth.授于某人某物。如：TheyawardedJohnthefirstprize.(他们授于约翰一等奖。)  对比：rewardsbwithsth.以某物酬谢某人, 须加介词with;Theyrewardedtheboywith$5forbringingbackthelostdog.(他们给这男孩5美元酬谢他把丢失的狗找回来。)grant(=consenttogiveorallowwhatisaskedfor) 同意 (给予), 答应 (请求) ：Thefirmgrantedhimapension.(公司同意给予他退休金。)presentsb.withsth.赠送：Ourclasspresentedtheschoolwithapicture.(我们班给学校送了一幅画。7\n)present 颁发, 呈递：1)Theprincipalwillpresentthediplomas.(校长将颁发文凭。)2)WeshallpresentacompletereporttotheAnnualConference.(我们将向年会递交一份全面的报告。)本题句意是：大学是授予学位和进行研究的教育机构。可见, 本题应选award.22.A.took to             take to 沉溺于； take up 从事于；占据（一定的空间或时间）；take for 把（某人）误认为（别人）；把...当作； take on 承担；聘用。句意：迈克十六岁时就和一群陌生人混在一起，很晚不回家。根据句意以及这个词组的意思和用法，本题答案应为A。23.DgobyA继续下去；B伴随；C没有……也行；D依照，遵循。句意为“奥委会制定了严格的规定要运动员遵守。根据句意，选D。24.B.position                position 此句中指“地位”(不可数, 有时加不定冠词), 如：1)Shewasawomanofhighposition.2)ahigh(low)positionsociety.25.B.outset                   outset 开端, 开始,fromtheveryoutset(从一开始) 。outbreak爆发, 发生。outcome结局.income 收入。output 产量。26D.missingmissing 缺少的;abookwithsomemissingpages.(缺页书) 。27.B.charges                makechargesfor对......收 (费); 索 (价) 。charge也可以用作动词, 表示“收费, 索价”, 如：1)Wedon'tchargeanythingforthat.(对此我们不收费。)2)Howmuchdoyouchargeforahaircut?(理个发要收多少钱？)28.C.across                  本题译文：我们怎样才能把这个语言点向学生讲清楚？29.A.outline            outline 轮廓, 概要;giveanoutlineofsth.概要说明某事。30.A.take                takechargeof(=tobeorbecomeresponsibleforsb.orsth.) 负责、掌管、看管;Hetookchargeofthedepartment(orthechildren).7