2022短文改错与语法填空特辑(二)
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对方向刷高分2022|短文改错与语法填空特辑(二)WhenIwasaveryyoungchildren,myfathercreatedaregularpracticeIrememberchildwellyearslate.Everytimehearrivedhomeatendoftheday,we'dgreetheratthelaterthehimdoor.Hewouldaskwhowewasandpretendnottoknowingus,Thenheandmywereknowmotherwouldhavehadadrinkwhilesheprepareddinnerandtheywouldtalkabouthisdayandhers.Whiletheychat,myfatherwouldliftmysisterandmeuptositinthechattedontopofthefridge.Itwasbothexcitedandfrighteningtobeupthere!exciting注意:would表示过去常常做某事。∧短文改错|2016浙江卷Mysoccercoachretiredinlastweek.Iwantedtodoanythingspecialforhimathissomethingretirementparty.Mymummakesthebetterbiscuitsintheworld,soIdecidetoaskbestdecidedherforhelp.Mumtaughtmesomebasicstepofbaking.Iinsistedondoingmostofthestepsbakingmyself.Ithoughtthebiscuitswerereallywell.MyonlymistakewasthatIgooddroppedsomeonthefloorafterIwaspackingthemup.when/whileAtaparty,mycoach,withabiscuitinhismouth,askedsurprisinglywhomadethemtheandjoked,“Imighthavetoretireagainnextyearjustgetsomemoreofthesebiscuits.”toMyfavoritepictureatthepartyisofmycoachandmeenjoythebiscuitswithhappyenjoyinglaughter!∧短文改错|2015陕西卷Hi,Janice,It'sbeenamonthsinceIcametothisnewschoolandIreallywantsharewithyoutosomeoftheproblemsIhavebeenexperiencing.AsItellyoulasttime,Imadethreetoldnewfriendhere.Wehangouttogetherduringlunchandafterschool.We'vebeenfriendsspendingalotoftimesinginkaraokebars.It'sbeenthreeSaturdaysnowanditreallysingingcostsmemany.AndIstartedtoseethisasatime-wastingactivity!Infact,Idon’tlikemuchtogoanymore,soI’mafraidI’lllosetheirfriendship.HowdoyouthinkIshoulddo?butWhatIfyouareme,wouldyoutalktohim?werethemPleasehelpwithmeandgivemesomeadvice.Grace∧短文改错|2015四川卷Sometimeafter10,000BC,peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontroltheworldtheylived___56___,throughagriculture.Overthousandsofyears,theybegantodependlesson___57___couldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild,andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.【sow-sowed-sown】Farmingproducedmorefoodperperson___58___huntingandgathering,sopeoplewereabletoraisemorechildrenAnd,asmorechildrenwereborn,morefood___59___(need).Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology___60___(change)lives.Byabout6000BC,people___61___(discover)thebestcropstogrowandanimalstoraise.Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththe___62___(season),plantingattherighttimeand,indryareas,___63___(make)useofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.Thisstyleoffarminglastedforquitealongtime.Then,with___64___riseofscience,changesbegan.Newmethods_____65_____(mean)thatfewerpeopleworkedinfarming.Inthelastcenturyorso,thesechangeshaveaccelerated.Newpowermachineryandartificialfertilizers(化肥)havenowtotallytransformedawayoflifethatstartedintheStoneAge.语法填空|2020浙江卷答案答案56.in57.what|名词性从句58.than|forexample干扰成分,可去掉或提到前面59.wasneeded60.tochange|目的状语61.haddiscovered|过去完成时seasonsmaking|并列成分的对等性。themeantThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence___61___theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen___62___(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.Modernmethods___63___trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive___64___(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut___65___(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa___66___(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby___67___(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsare___68___(high)thantheyactuallyare.Of___69___nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six____70____(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.语法填空|2019全国I卷答案答案61.that|同位语从句62.poorly63.of/for64.toperform65.havereported|现在完成时标志:inrecentyears/days|for+时间段/since+过去式|lately,recently,uptonow,tillnow,sofar,bynow|in/over/duringthepast/lastyears/days…|throughouthistory66.belief|同位语从句先行词noting|指出;特别强调。higherthe|threeofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulationsare|这里不是数词做主语。A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for___61___(be)Britain’soldestfull-timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,___62___sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.Heryearsofhardworkhave___63___(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire’sWomanOfTheYear.Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrene___64___(declare)shehadnoplans___65___(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.Irenesaid,“Idon’tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI___66___(make)overtheyears.IworknotbecauseIhaveto,___67___becauseIwantto.”【通过初审】GranddaughterGayleParks,31—whoworksalongsideherinthefamilybusiness—saiditremainedunknownastowhonominatedIrenefortheaward.Shesaid,“Wedon’thaveanyideawhoputgrandmaforward.Whenwegotacall___68___(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwas___69___joke.Butthenwegotanofficialletterandwewereblownaway.Wearesoproudofher.It’s____70____(wonder).”语法填空|2019全国II卷答案答案61.being|62.which|非限制性定语从句63.finally|finally/eventually/ultimately|nominate/name64.declared65.toretire66.havemade|现在完成时标志:inrecentyears/days|for+时间段/since+过去式|lately,recently,uptonow,tillnow,sofar,bynow|in/over/duringthepast/lastyears/days…|throughouthistory|overtheyearsbutsaying|acallsaying…=acallwhichsays…awonderful|blowsbaway【(一般是好事)使某人大吃一惊】Onourwaytothehouse,itwasraining___61___hardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake___62___(get)there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapack___63___dogs,seventobeexact.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters___64___hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand___65___(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.Forbreakfast,wewereabletoeatpapaya(木瓜)andotherfruitsfromtheirtreesinthebackyard.【赛事】Whentheywerefreefromwork,theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting___66___(compete)towatch,togetherwiththestorybehindit.Theyalsosharedwithusmany___67___(tradition)storiesaboutHawaiithatwere__68__(huge)popularwithtourists.Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,we___69___(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,____70____(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.语法填空|2019全国III卷答案答案61.so|so…that结构62.toget|Ittakessbsometimetodos.th63.of|apackof=aherdof(animals)/aflockof(birds)/acrowdof(people)64.Who|定语从句65.recommended|并列谓语66.competitiontraditionalhugelywereinvitedlistening|现在分词结果状语;表示意料中的结果;onlyto…表示意料之外的结果。Myoldclassroomwasinterestingbecausethreesideoftheclassroomweremadesidesfromglass.Ienjoyedsitclosetothewindowsandlookingattheview.Ontheleft-handofsittingsideoftheclass,Icouldeasyseethefootballfield.Inthemornings,itwasfullofeasilystudentsexercising.Theviewfromthebackoftheclassroomisalsosplendid.Closetowastheschooltherewasabeautifulparkwithmanytreesaroundthem.Fartherintheitdistance,Icouldnotenjoytheviewofsnowymountains.Ontherightsideoftheclasswastheroad.Iwasalwaysinterestedtoseethedriversinhurryinthemorning.TheapositionoftheclassroomwithitsviewmademefeltlikeIwasdreaming.IfIwasonlyfeelAlthough/ThoughachildwhenIstudiedinthatclassroom,Iwillneverforgetit.∧短文改错|2015浙江卷Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.Itwasverycrowded.parentsTonysawatoyonashopwindow.Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintointheshop.Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundwherehislooking或thatparentsweremissing.Tonywasscaredandbeguntocry.Awomansawhimdryingandbegantellinghimtowaitoutsideashop.Fiveminuteslater,Tonysawparents.Momtoldthehissaid,"Hownicetoseeyouagain!DadandIwereterribleworried.”Tonypromisedterriblyherthatthiswouldneverhappenagain.∧短文改错|2015全国II卷WhenIwasachild,Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IthinkIwouldbehappythere.NowIthoughtamlivinginacity,butImissmyhomeincountryside.Theretheairiscleanorthetheandmountainsaregreen.Unfortunately,onthedevelopmentofindustrialization,thewithenvironmenthasbeenpolluted.Lotsofstudieshavebeenshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem.Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtierseriousairanddirtier.Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.WemustfoundwaystoprotectyourManyfindourenvironment.Ifwefailtodoso,we’lllivetoregretit.∧短文改错|2015全国I卷分类示例以-le结尾的形容词,变-le为-lypossible→possibly,terrible→terribly,comfortable→comfortably,gentle→gently,simple→simply等以-y结尾的形容词,变-y为-ilyeasy→easily,angry→angrily,noisy→noisily,happy→happily,heavy→heavily,healthy→healthily等常考且容易拼错的副词excitedly,rudely,truly,healthily,politely,widely,nicely,closely,surprisingly,increasingly,disappointedly,fortunately,hurriedly等1.形容词变副词的后缀常考构词法后缀示例-ageshortadj.短缺的→shortagen.不足;短缺-cyfluentadj.流利的→fluencyn.流利;流畅-domwiseadj.聪明的→wisdomn.明智;智慧-encedifferent adj.不同的→difference n.差异-nessweakadj.虚弱的→weaknessn.虚弱;弱点-thstrong adj.强壮的→strength n.力气,优势-ydifficult adj.困难的→difficulty n.困难-tysafe adj.安全的→safety n.安全-ityresponsible adj.负责的→responsibility n.责任2.形容词变名词的后缀常考构词法后缀示例-alapprove v.赞成,批准→approval n.赞成,批准-anceappearvi.出现→appearancen.出现;外貌-ionattract vt.吸引→attraction n.吸引-mentachievevt.达到,完成→achievementn.功绩;成就-yrecoverv.恢复→recoveryn.恢复;痊愈3.动词变名词的后缀:常见的动词变名词的后缀有-al,-ance,-ence,-ion,-tion,-ation,-(ss)ion,-ing,-ment,-ure,-ture,-y等。常考构词法后缀示例-ableaccept vt.接受→acceptable adj.可接受的-edconfuse vt.使困惑→confused adj.感到困惑的-ingconvince vt.说服,使信服→convincing adj.令人信服的-fulforget vt.忘记→forgetful adj.健忘的-alnature n.自然→natural adj.自然的-ibleaccess n.进入,使用权,通路→accessible adj.容易取得的-ouscaution n.谨慎→cautious adj.谨慎的4.动词、名词变形容词的后缀:常见的动词、名词变形容词的后缀有-able,-al,-ful,-ed,-ing,-ible,-ive,-ous,-some,-y,-ern,-ish等。常考构词法前缀示例dis-advantage n.优势→disadvantage n.缺点il-legal adj.合法的→illegal adj.不合法的in-convenient adj.方便的→inconvenient adj.不方便的ir-regular adj.有规律的→irregular adj.无规律的mis-lead vt.引导→mislead vt.误导un-willing adj.乐意的→unwilling adj.不乐意的5.表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀:常见的表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀有dis-,il-,im-,in-,ir-,mis-,un-,-less等。常考构词法前、后缀示例en-able adj.有能力的→enable vt.使能够-ensharp adj.尖的→sharpen vt.使尖锐-ifysimple adj.简单的→simplify vt.简化-izeapology n.道歉→apologize v.道歉6.变动词的前缀和后缀常考构词法
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