2022年高考英语一轮复习：阅读理解 七选五 组合练习题3（word版，含答案）

2022年高考英语一轮复习：阅读理解+七选五组合练习题3PartA（1）Sixannoying“facts”peoplehavetofinallystopbelievingin1.WaltDisneydidnotcreateMickeyMouse.HisclosefriendandcollaboratorUbIwerksdid,thoughhewas“deniedcredit”forcreatingthismajorpieceofpopculturehistory.Iwerkscameupwiththecharacterin1928.2.AlbertEinsteinneverflunkedamathclassasachild.WhentheadultEinsteinwasshownanewspaperarticleclaiminghehad,hereplied,“BeforeIwas15,Ihadmastereddifferentialandintegralcalculus.(微积分)”WhileEinsteinachievedhighgradesthroughouthischildhoodeducation,he“hatedthestrictprotocolsfollowedbyteachersandrotelearningdemandedofstudents”attheschoolsheattended.3.NapoleonBonapartewasnotshort.Despitethefactthathisnamehasbecomesynonymouswith“angryshortman,”NapoleonBonapartewasactuallyofaverageheightforthetimeperiodinwhichhelived.Hiscontemporariesdescribedhimasbeing5'2",buttheFrenchmeasuredheightdifferentlybackintheday,sohewasactuallyaround5'5".Thatmadehimjust“aninchorsobelowtheperiod’saverageadultmaleheight.”4.IsaacNewtondidn'tdiscovergravitybecauseanapplestruckhimonthehead.Rather,hewitnessedanapplefallingandwonderedwhyobjectsalwaysfalldowninsteadofuporsideways,athoughtthatinspiredhisLawofUniversalGravitation.5.Batsarenotblind.No,batsarenotblind.Batshavesmalleyeswithverysensitivevision,whichhelpsthemseeinconditionswemightconsiderpitchblack.Theydon'thavethesharpandcolorfulvisionhumanshave,buttheydon'tneedthat.6.Blackholes.第9页共9页 Notreally“holes,”butratherhugelydenseobjectswithmassivegravitationalpull.1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Unabletoachievehighgradesatschool,Einsteinhatedtherigidrules.B.Batshavesmalleyesbutwiththesamesharpandcolorfulvisionashumans.C.Newtondiscoveredgravityoutofcuriositybutbyaccident.D.Blackholesarehugeobjectswithmassivegravitationalpush.2.Thetextiswrittenhereinorderto_______________.A.presentsomecommonbeliefs.B.clarifysomepopularmyths.C.relatesomeinterestingstories.D.listsomehistoricalfacts.3.Whichsectionofamagazinemaythistextbefoundin?A.EntertainmentB.HistoryC.EducationD.Popularscience（2）Weallknowthatahealthylifemeansgettingbothplentyofexerciseandenoughgood-qualitysleep,butrealityoftengetsintheway.Thenewresearchindicatesthatdoingenoughexercisecouldmakeupforsomeoftheunhealthyimpactsofbadsleep.Whilethehealthbenefitsofexerciseandsleeparenothingnew,it'stherelationshipbetweenthemthatisinterestinginthisparticularstudy—itcouldevengivedoctorsanotheroptiontosuggestforpatientsdealingwithsleepproblems.“Wefoundthosewhohadboththepoorestsleepqualityandwhoexercisedtheleastweremostatriskofdeathfromheartdisease,stroke,andcancer,”saysepidemiologistBo-HueiHuang,fromtheUniversityofSydneyinAustralia.Participantsweregroupedintothreelevelsofphysicalactivity(high,mediumorlow)andwerealsogivenasleepqualityscorefrom0-5basedontheamountofshut-eyetheygot,howlatetheystayedup,insomnia,snoringanddaytime第9页共9页 sleepiness.Thosewiththehighestriskofdyingfromcancerorheartdiseaseduringthestudyperiodwerethosewiththeworstqualitysleepandwhodidn'tmeettheWHOrecommendedguidelinesforexercise.Thatriskwentdownforpeoplewithpoorqualitysleepbutwhodidmeettheexerciseguidelines.Inthecaseofallformsofcancer,forexample,thoseattheunhealthiestendofthesleepandexercisescalehada45percenthigherriskofdyingfromcancerthanthosewithgoodsleepscoreswhokeptphysicallyactive.However,thatriskjustaboutdisappearedforthosewhodidn'tscorewellonsleepbutdidscorewellonphysicalactivity.Fornowit'snotclearwhymoreexercisemightmakeupforpoorsleep,asfarasourhealthgoes.Itcouldbethattheincreasedactivityiscounteractinginflammation（炎症）,orreducingirregularitiesinglucosemetabolism,suggesttheresearchers.“Consideringthatphysicalactivityisperhapsmoremodifiablethansleep,ourstudyofferspeoplemorehealthincentivestobephysicallyactive.”sayspopulationhealthresearcherEmmanuelStamatakis,fromtheUniversityofSydney.4.Thisresearchisofparticularinterestinthat______________.A.it’sinthisstudythatexerciseisknowntobebeneficialtosleep.B.thisstudyofferspeoplemorehealthtreatmentstobephysicalactive.C.itcouldenabledoctorstocurepatientsoftheirsleepingcondition.D.therelationshipbetweenexerciseandsleepisupdatedinthisstudy.5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Thosewhohadthepoorestsleepqualityweremostatriskofdeathfromheartdisease.B.Thosescoringlowestonsleepandexercisescaleweremorelikelytodiefromcancer.C.There’snoriskofcancerforthosewhodidn'tsleepwellbutdidscorewellonphysicalactivity.第9页共9页 D.It'sevidentthatintermsofhealthmoreexercisecouldmakeupforpoorsleep.6.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph6mean?A.interactingB.increasingC.preventingD.causing7.Wherecanthispassagemostprobablybetakenfrom?A.AresearchfindingsreportB.AmedicalexaminationreportC.ApoorsleepstudyreportD.Aphysicalactivitystudyreport（3）Agrowingbodyofresearchisrevealingassociationsbetweenbirthdefects(缺陷)andafather'sage,alcoholuseandenvironmentalfactors,sayresearchersatGeorgetownUniversityMedicalCenter.Theysaythesedefectsresultfromepigeneticchangesthatcanpotentiallyaffectmultiplegenerations.Thestudy,publishedintheAmericanJournalofStemCells,suggestbothparentscontributetothehealthstatusoftheiroffspring------acommonsenseconclusionwhichscienceisonlynowbeginningtodemonstrate,saysthestudy'sseniorinvestigator,JoannaKitlinska,PhD,anassociateprofessorinbiochemistry,andmolecularandcellularbiology.“Weknowthenutritional,hormonalandpsychologicalenvironmentprovidedbythemotherpermanentlyinfluencesorganstructure,cellularresponseandgeneexpressioninheroffspring,”shesays.“Butourstudyshowsthesamethingtobetruewithfathers—hislifestyle,andhowoldheis,canbereflectedinmoleculesthatcontrolgenefunction,”shesays.“Inthisway,afathercanaffectnotonlyhisimmediateoffspring,butfuturegenerationsaswell.”Forexample,anewborncanbediagnosedwithfetal(胎儿的)alcoholspectrumdisorder(FASD),eventhoughthemotherhasneverconsumedalcohol,Kitlinskasays.“Upto75percentofchildrenwithFASDhavebiologicalfatherswhoarealcoholics,suggestingthatpreconceptualpaternalalcoholconsumption第9页共9页 negativelyimpactstheiroffspring.”Advancedageofafatheriscorrelatedwithelevatedratesofcertaindiseases,andbirthdefectsinhischildren.Alimiteddietduringafather’spreadolescencehasbeenlinkedtoreducedriskofcardiovasculardeathinhischildrenandgrandchildren.Paternalobesityislinkedtoenlargedfatcells,changesinmetabolicregulation,diabetes,obesityanddevelopmentofbraincancer.Psychosocialstressonthefatherislinkedtodefectivebehavioraltraitsinhisoffspring.Andpaternalalcoholuseleadstodecreasednewbornbirthweight,markedreductioninoverallbrainsizeandimpairedcognitivefunction.“Thisnewfieldofinheritedpaternalepigeneticsneedstobeorganizedintoclinicallyapplicablerecommendationsandlifestylealternations,”Kitlinskasays.“Andtoreallyunderstandtheepigeneticinfluencesofachild,weneedtostudytheinterplaybetweenmaternalandpaternaleffects,asopposedtoconsideringeachinisolation.”8.What’sthemessagethewriterconveysinthepassage?A.Bothparentscontributetothehealthstatusoftheiroffspring.B.Father’sageandlifestylearetiedtobirthdefects.C.Fatherplaysamorecriticalroleinbirthdefects.D.Birthdefectscanpotentiallyaffectmultiplegenerations.9.WhatcanweinferfromtheexampleinParagraph5?A.FASDcanonlybediagnosedinanewbornwhosefatherisaddictedtoalcohol.B.AnewbornwillnotcontractFASDifhismotherhasneverconsumedalcohol.C.Afather’slifestylecannegativelyimpacthisoffspring.D.Mostchildrenhavebiologicalfatherswhoarealcoholics.10.Whichofthefollowingsituationsislesslikelytoleadtochildren’sbirthdefects?A.Havingafatherwithalimiteddiet.B.Havingafatherwhoisanalcoholic.C.Havinganoverweightfather.D.Havingafatherwith第9页共9页 psychosocialstress.11.Whatwilltheresearchprobablycontinuetofocusoninthepartthatfollows?A.ThematernalepigeneticinfluencesofachildB.Thewaystoavoidnegativepaternalinfluenceonchildren.C.Theclinicalapplicationoftheresearchfindings.D.Theinteractionbetweenmaternalandpaternaleffects.（4）IvyLeagueschoolsareconsideredtobethemostprestigiousofallcollegesintheUnitedStates.TheseschoolsareprimarilylocatedintheNortheasternpartofthecountry.ThereareeighttotalcollegesthatareconsideredtobeIvyLeague.TheseschoolsareBrown,Harvard,Cornell,Princeton,Dartmouth,Yale,andColumbiauniversitiesandtheUniversityofPennsylvania.Ofallinstitutionsofhigherlearning,theseeliteschoolsareconsideredtobethemostoutstandingandthemostsought-afterintermsofacceptanceandgraduation.Theterm“IvyLeague”cameaboutin1954whentheNCAAathleticconferenceforDivisionIwasformed.Atthetime,theelitismoftheseschoolswasreallyduetotheirprestigeintherealmofsportslikebasketball.Althoughtheterm“IvyLeague”wasnotcreateduntilthe1950s,manyoftheseschoolswereinexistenceasfarbackas1636,whenJohnHarvardbecamethefirstbenefactorofHarvardUniversity.Althoughthisgroupofeliteschoolsisconsideredtobepartofonebigleagueoftheelite,therehavebeenplentyofinternalrivalriesovertheyears.ThesportsthatthesecollegesplayweresopopularthatsometeamsbeganplayinggamesinNewYorkCitysospectatorscouldcomefromfarawayandwatchthegames.Thepopularityofboththeathleteswhoplayedandthecollegeteamrivalriesbroughtinagooddealofattentiontotheschoolsaswellasrevenuefromticketsales.Therehavealsobeenacademicrivalriesbetweenschools.Mostly,theserivalriesareamatterofopinionintermsofwhichschoolhasthemosthonorgraduates,whichschoolsofferthemostprestigiousscholarships,andwhatfamousgraduateshavecomefromeachschool.EachIvyLeaguecollegehasitsownuniqueaccomplishmentsthatmakeit第9页共9页 important.Allcarryacertainreputationwiththem,andeachschoolhasprogramsthatexcelprimarilyinthemedicalandlawfields,makingthemsomeofthemostsought-afterschoolsintheworld.Theiradmissionprocessisveryselective,whichhelpstheschoolsensurethattheyonlyacceptthebestandbrightest.ManyfamouspeoplehavegraduatedfromIvyLeagueschools,includingrecentpresidentsGeorgeW.Bush,BillClinton,andBarackObama.Thisprestigeleadsmanytobelievethatthesecollegesareonlyforthewealthyandelite.Often,companieslookforIvyLeaguegraduatesaspotentialemployees,usuallypreferredbylawfirms,medicalfacilities,andlargecorporations.IthaslongbeencovetedtohaveearnedadegreefromanIvyLeagueschool.Today,theIvyLeagueschoolsarestillexcellentinbothacademiaandinsports,andtheyhaveleftalegacyofhighereducationwithanexceptionaltrackrecordandreputationtogoalongwiththem.12.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.IvyLeagueschoolswereinitiallyfamousfortheirreputationinsports.B.IvyLeagueschoolsdidn’tcomeintoexistenceuntilthe1950s.C.IvyLeagueschoolsdonotcompetewitheachotherwithintheleague.D.IvyLeagueschoolsaremostpopularfortheirexcellenceinthemedicalandlawfields.13.WhichofthefollowingaspectsisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.ThehistoryoftheIvyLeagueB.TherivalryoftheIvyLeagueC.TheaccomplishmentsandculturalimpactsoftheIvyLeagueD.ThefuturedevelopmentoftheIvyLeague14.WhydomanypeoplebelievethatIvyLeaguecollegesareonlyforthewealthyandelite?A.Becausetheyarethemostsought-afterschoolsintheworld.B.Becausetheyhaveselectiveadmissionprocesstohelpensurethequalityoftheirstudents.C.BecausemanyfamouspeoplehavegraduatedfromIvyLeagueschools.第9页共9页 D.BecausemanycompanieslookforIvyLeaguegraduatesaspotentialemployees.15.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“coveted”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.advocatedB.desiredC.restrictedD.sponsoredPartB阅读下面短文，从短文后选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。MindlessEating:Youmayalsobeamindlesseater!Everyoneofushasmomentsofmindlesseating.Forexample,youmayunintentionallymunchthroughawholebagofchipswhilewatchingTV._____16_____.Peopletendtoreachoutforfoodasaneasilyavailablewhentheyareupset,boredorstressful.However,whenweconsumevarioussnacksmechanically,weendupfeelingmoreunhappyandevenguilty.Mindfuleating:enjoyyourfood!_______17______.Itmeanspayingattentiontothepresentmomentwithcuriosity,opennessaswellaskindness.Itmeansbeingpresentwithyourfoodandeatingprocesswithallyourconsciousnessandawareness.Beforeeating,youshouldassesswhetheryouarehungryornot.Askyourselfhonestly:AmItrulyphysicallyhungryordoIjustwanttousefoodasawaytoescapetheunwantedfeelingshiddeninthedepthofmyheart?Ifitisso,whatarethey?Boredom,depression,stressorfear?____18_____.Youshouldeatonlywhenyouarehungry.Duringtheeatingprocess,youshouldeatslowlywithoutdistractionsofanykind.Don'twatchTVorbegluedtoyourcellphonescreens._____19______.Chewandsavoreachandeverybiteandfullyappreciatethismoment.第9页共9页 Itisalsoveryimportantthatyoushouldneverlosetrackofyourfeelings:feelthedecreaseinhungerandincreaseinfullnessofyourstomach.Abouthalfwaythroughthemeal,youneedtocheckinwithyourselfandaskthequestion:AmIsatisfied?DoIneedtokeepeating?Stopwhenyouaresatisfiedandnolongerhungry._______20_______.Startpracticemindfuleatingnowandyouwillbenefitalotfromit!A.Alwaysrememberthosenegativeemotionswillnevergethandledbysimplyeatingfood.B.Instead,youshoulddirectallyourattentiontothefoodinfrontofyou.C.Thisconsciouscheck-inandhonestself-inquiryhaveprovedtobeeffectiveinpreventingovereating.D.Mindfulnessisexactlytheoppositeofmindlessness.E.Youshouldoftenkeepinmindyoumustfeelyourlevelofhunger.F.However,youshouldchoosethosehealthierstuffthatcanenergizeyourbody.G.Moreoftenthannot,weeatnotbecauseofhungerbutforcomfort.答案1-3：CBD4-7:DBCA8-11:BCAD12-15:ADCB16-20：GDABC第9页共9页