初中英语七年级上册必背基础知识整理

七年级英语上册必背基础知识一、一个星期七天2SundayMondayTuesdayWednesdayThursdayFridaySaturday2二、一年十二个月2JanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember2三、一年四季21.spring2.summer3.autumn4.winter2四、容易拼写错的数字21.eighth第八2.ninth第九3.forty四十4.twelfth第十二5.twentieth第二十2五、亲属称呼21.daughter(女儿)2.niece(女性晚辈)3.nephew(男性晚辈)4.cousin(同辈兄弟姐妹)5.aunt(女性长辈)6.uncle(男性长辈)2六、以下动词加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母1.regret(regretted,regretting)后悔2.control(controlled,controlling)控制3.admit(admitted,admitting)承认4.occur(occurred,occurring)出现5.prefer(preferred,preferring)宁愿6.refer(referred,referring)提到7.forget(forgetting)忘记8.permit(permitted,permitting)允许9.equip(equipped,equipping)装备注意：quarrel,signal,travel中的l可双写（英国英语）也可不双写（美国英语）七、部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词1.broadcast(broadcast,broadcast)广播2.flee(fled,fled)逃跑3.forbid(forbade,forbidden)禁止4.forgive(forgave,forgiven)原谅5.freeze(froze,frozen)结冰6.hang(作“绞死”讲，是规则的；作“悬挂”讲，其过去式过去分词都是hung)7.lie–lied–lied说谎;lie—lay---lain躺下lay-laid-laid放置8.seek(sought,sought)寻求2\n9.shake(shook,shaken)发抖10.sing(sang,sung)唱歌11.sink(sank,sunk/sunken)下沉12.spread(spread,spread)传播13.swim(swam,swum)游泳14.tear(tore,torn)撕碎16.wear(wore;worn)穿/戴17.hold(held,held)18.make(made,made)19.keep(kept,kept)八、意思相近的词1.check（核对）/examine(检查)/test（测试）2.receive（收到）/accept（接受）3.destroy（毁坏；毁灭）/damage（破坏）4.celebrate(庆祝)/congratulate（祝贺）5.wearsth/dresssb穿衣九、注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化1.long—length长度2.wide—width宽度3.high—height高度4.strong—strength力量以-ic结尾的动词，应先把-ic变为-ick，再加ing或edpicnic(picnicked,picnicking)野餐十、个别名词的复数拼写1.German(Germans)德国人2.gulf(gulfs)海湾3.handkerchief(handkerchiefs)手帕roof(roofs)房顶4.hero(英雄)，potato(土豆)，tomato(西红柿)等有生命的以-o结尾的名词变复数时要加-es。十一、注意动词变名词时的拼写变化21.succeed—success成功2.pronounce—pronunciation发音3.explain—explanation解释4.decide—decision决定5.enter—entrance进入6.permit—permission允许7.consider—consideration考虑8.expect—expectation期待9.discover—discovery发现10.bury—burial埋葬11.conclude—conclusion得出结论12.arrive—arrival到达13.weigh—weight重量14.describe—description描述15.lose—loss损失16.anxious---anxiety焦虑2十二、注意形容词变副词时的拼写变化21.beautiful美丽的—beautifully2.possible可能的—possibly3.practical实际的—practically4.particular特别的—particularly5.successful成功的—successfully22