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初中英语人教新目标九年级全册Unit 1—Unit 6语法知识讲解练习

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九年级英语全册语法知识讲解练习Unit1Howcanwebecomegoodlearners?【语法重点】1、“by+V-ing”结构详解(1)"by+V-ing”结构在句子中作方式状语,常用来表示“以、靠、借助、通过、用(某种方法或手段)”而达到某种预期的目的。该结构常用来回答Howdoyou.?之类的问题。eg:—HowdoyoulearnEnglish?—Ilearnitbymakingwordcards.(2)当by和表示交通工具的名词连用时,它与名词之间不用任何限定词,且名词用单数形式。eg:Theyoftengotoschoolbysubway.他们经常坐地铁上学。(3)by+地点名词”表示位置,意为“靠近…;在…旁边”。eg:bytheriver在河边(4)by+时间”表示“在…之前;不迟于。eg:by3'clock在3点之前(5)表示移动方向,意为“经过…”。eg:passby经过(6)by用在被动语态中,表示“被;由”,后接动作的执行者,用来引出原主动语态的主语。eg:ThisbookwaswrittenbyLuXun.(7)构成固定短语。eg:bytheway顺便问一下;onebyone逐个的;byaccident偶然;byoneself独自;单独;wordbyword逐字地bymistake错误的bychance偶然的拓展:by,in和with都可以表示"通过;借助”。by后接表示动作、行为的名词;in表示"用某种语言;用某种材料“;wth后接表示物体或工具的名词。如:Youmaysendthebookbypost.你可以通过邮局把书寄出去。CanyousayitinEnglish?Youcanwriteitwitharedpen.2、提建议的句式。1、What/howabout+doingsth.?eg:What/Howaboutgoingshopping?2、Whydon'tyou+dosth.?eg:Whydon'tyougoshopping?3、Whynot+dosth.?eg:Whynotgoshopping?4、Let's+dosth.9,eg:Let'sgoshopping5、Shallwe/I+dosth.?eg:Shallwegoshoping?【练习】1、—Howdoyougotowork?—Igotowork_____bus.2、Pleasewriteit_______Chinese.3、It'sagoodhabittopickupfood________servingchopsticks.(公筷)4、IlearnEnglishby_________(listen)totapes.【答案】1、by2、in3、with4、listeningUnit2Ithinkthatmooncakesaredelicious!一、宾语从句点击下面链接可查看→宾语从句语法精讲与练习(含答案)二、反义疑问句①前肯+后否。eg:Lilyisastudent,isn'tshe?LilywillgotoChina,won'tshe?②前否+后肯。eg:Shedoesn'tcomefromChina,doesshe?Youhaven'tfinishedhomework,haveyou?③提问部分用代词而不用名词eg:Lilyisastudent,isn'tshe?④陈述句中含有否定意义的词eg:little,few,never,nothing,hard等,其反意疑问句用肯定式.HeknowslittleEnglish,doeshe?他一点也不懂英语,不是吗?⑤否定前缀不算否定eg:Tomisunhappytoday,isn'the?三、表达“花费”1.spend动词,表示花费金钱、时间①spend...onsth.在某事上花费(金钱、时间)②spend....(in)doingsth.花费(金钱、时间)去做某事eg:Hespendstoomuchtimeonclothes.他花费太多的时间在衣服上。(花金钱)Hespend2hoursfinishinghomework.他花费了两个小时完成作业。(花时间)2.pay的基本用法是:②payforsth.付...的钱。③payforsb.替某人付钱。④paysb.付钱给某人。@pay(sb.)moneyforsth.花费钱(给某人)买eg:9,@Ipay10yuanforthebook.我花了10元买这本书。②Ihavetopayforthebooklost..我不得不赔丢失的书款.③Don'tworry!I'llpayforyou,别担心,我会给你付钱的.3.take后面常跟双宾语,常见用法有以下几种:①Ittakessb.+时间+todosth.做某事花了某人多少时间。②doingsth.takessb.+时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。如:①Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.他们用了三年时间修完了这条路,②Repairingthiscartookhimthewholeafternoon.他花了一下午修车.4.cost的主语是物或某种活动,还可以表示”值”,常见用法如下:①sth.costs(sb.)+金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。②(doing)sth.costs(sb).时间,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。注意:cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。如:①Anewcomputercostsalotofmoney.一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。②Rememberingthesenewwordscosthimalotoftime.他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。【练习】Tomspent200yuan_________thisbook.A.inB.onC.forD.with2.It_______metwodaystofinishthework.A.tookB.costC.spentD.paid3.34.I__________someofmyfreetimeplayingbasketballformyschoolteam.A.spendB.costC.takeD.pay4.24.1_________$300forthebike.A.tookB.spentC.costD.paid【答案】BAADUnit3Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?第三单元的语法重点是连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句。1.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which等引导,不能省路。例eg:Doyouknowwhoheis?2.由连接副词how,where,when,why引导,也不可省略。eg:Idon'tknowwhereIcanbuythiskindofcamera.3.宾语从句用陈述句语序,即:连接词+主语+谓语+其他。4.主句与从句的时态关系:(1)如果主句是一般现在时,从句可以是根据情况所需要的任何时态。eg:Idon'tknowwhenshecamehere.Canyoutellmewhenhewillcomehere?(2)如果主句是过去的时态,从句也应用过去时态的某一种,但若从句是表示客观事实或真理时,从句时态不受主句时态的限制,应用一般现在时。eg:Hetolduswhyhewouldstayathomethenextday.9,Theteacherexplainedhowtheearthgoesaroundthesun.5.某些由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句可改为含“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构的简单句。例如:CanyoutellmewhereIcanbuythisbook?-Canyoutellmewheretobuythisbook?【练习】1.-Couldyoupleasetellme_____?-Thepeopleandthefood.A.howdoesTomlikeChinaB.ifTomlikesChinaC.whatdoesTomlikeaboutChinaD.whatTomlikesaboutChina2.-Couldyoutellme_________?一Sure.Astorybook.A.whendidyourfriendgiveittoyouB.whatdidyourfriendgiveyouC.HowyourfroendgottothesupermarketD.whatyourfriendgaveyou【答案】DDUnit4Iusedtobeafraidthedark.【语法重点】usedto的用法usedto是固定结构,意为“过去常常,过去曾经(存在)”,表示过去某种习惯性、经常性的动作或过去存在的某种状态,暗含现在已不再发生或不存在之意。主语可以是各种人称,用于过去时态,其后跟动词原形。Heusedtobeshy.他过去很害羞。Sheusedtogetuplate.她过去起床很晚。句型转换Heusedtoplaybasketballafterschool.否定句→Hedidn'tusetoplaybasketballafterschool.一般疑问句→Didheusetoplaybasketballafterschool?反意疑问句→Heusedtoplaybasketballafterschool,didn'the?拓展:①在正式英语中,否定形式常用usednotto,一般疑问句常把used提到主语前,反意疑问句的附加疑问部分常用used/usedn't。否定句→Heusednottoplaybasketballafterschool.一般疑问句→Usedhetoplaybasketballafterschool?反意疑问句→Heusedtoplaybasketballafterschool,usedn'the?②Thereusedtobe.(过去有…)”是Therebe句型与usedto的结合句型。Thereusedtobeabookstoreacrossfromourschool.9,辨析:usedtodosth.过去常常做某事beusedtodoingsth.习惯做某事beusedtodosth.被用于做某事beusedfordoingsth.被用于做某事eg:①Heusedtogetuplate,butnowheisusedtogettingupearly.他过去起得晚,但是现在他习惯了早起。②Woodisusedtomakehouses.木材被用来建房子。Woodisusedformakinghouses.【语法练习】一、单项选择题1、(湖南益阳中考)Dianausedto________towork,butnowsheisusedto________becausetheroadiscrowdedandshewantstokeepfit.A.drive;walkB.drive;walkingC.driving;walk2、Heusedto________toschoollate,butnowhedoesn't.A.goB.goingC.wentD.goes3、He_________likemath,butnowhelikesitverymuch.A.didn'tusedtoB.didn'tusetoC.notusedtoD.doesn'tuseto4、Lucyusedtogotobedlate,________she?A.didn'tB.doesn'tC.hadn'tD.isn't5、Herson__________cola,butnowhe__________milk.A.usedtodrink;isusedtodrinkingB.usedtodrinking;drinksC.isusedtodrinking;usedtodrinkD.isusedtodrink;isdrinking二、根据所给提示完成句子。1、He___________bereallyquiet.他过去特别安静。2、Lindausedtoplayvolleyballinthegym,________________?(反义疑问句)【答案】一、BABAA二、usedtodidn'tsheUnit5Whataretheshirtsmadeof?一、语态定义英语中有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态。主动语态:表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态:表示主语是动作的承受者。9,Eg:ManypeoplespeakChinese.许多人说汉语。(主动语态)Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.汉语被许多人说。(被动语态)二、被动语态的结构被动语态由“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成,人称、数、和时态的变化,都是通过be动词的变化来体现。肯定句主语+am/isare+过去分词否定句主语+am/is/are+not+过去分词(+by...)一般疑问句Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词(+by...)eg:Englishisspokenbymanypeople.英语被许多人说。Theyaren’tallowedtogooutatnight.他们不被允许进入那所房子。IsthecarmadebyaJapanesecompany?这个汽车是被日本公司制造的吗?主动语态与被动语态转换:Manystudentsplayedbasketball.→Basketballwasplayedbymanystudents.三、被动语态用法1.当动作的执行者不清楚或者没必要说明时:Theflowersarewateredeverymorning.这些花朵每天早上被浇水。2.需要突出动作的承受者时:Thenewteacherislikedbyallthestudents.这位新老师被所有学生喜欢。3.表示“据说,据报道,人们相信”等,常用“Itis+过去分词+that从句”句型。Itisbelievedthatbothofthechairswererepairedbyhim.人们相信,这两把椅子都是他修理的。4.文章的标题、广告、新闻等用语也常使用被动语态。TeachersWanted.(省略了are)招聘老师。【练习巩固】一、单项选择题1.Theboywithshorthair_________LittleTigerbyhisparents.A.callsB.calledC.iscallingD.iscalled2.Computers_________widelyinourdailylife.A.useB.usedC.wereusedD.areused3.(2023·河北·统考中考真题)Breakfast________everydayforpeopleagedover60forfreeinthisvillage.A.providesB.providedC.isprovidedD.wasprovided4.Chinese________bymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworldtoday.A.learnsB.learnedC.waslearnedD.islearned5.(2022·辽宁章新)Chinese_________bymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworldtoday.A.learnsB.learnedC.waslearnedD.islearned6.(2022·湖北黄冈)-ManyDIYcards_____________tomothersonMother'sDayeveryyear.-Howcreative!A.issendingB.aresending9,C.issentD.aresent7.(吉林中考)一Let'seatsomesnacks.-Betternot.Eating____________inthelibrary.A.arenotallowedB.doesn'tallowC.isnotallowed8.-WillyougotoLisa'shousewarmingpartynextSunday?-Well,ifI___________Iwillgoontime.A.inviteB.willinviteC.aminvitedD.willbeinvited二、把下列句子改为被动语态9.(2022·江苏南通)TheysellalotofthingsinOxfamshopstohelppeopleinneed.Alotofthings_______________inOxfamshopstohelppeopleinneed.10.Teachersdon'tallowthestudentstoleavetheclassroomuntilthebellrings.Thestudents________________toleavetheclassroombyteachersuntilthebellrings.【答案】一、DDCDDDCC二、aresoldaren'tallowedUnit6Whenwasitinvented?【语法讲解】1.一般过去时的被动语态:was/were+V.过去分词eg:Thedeskwasmadebymyfather.这张书桌是我父亲做的。TheywereinventedbyJulieThompson.它们是朱莉·汤普森发明的。2.句式变化:(1)肯定句:主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词+其他Manyfanswereattractedbytheone-armedbasketballplayer..许多球迷被那位独臂篮球运动员吸引了。(2)否定句:主语+wasn't/weren't+及物动词的过去分词+其他Manyfansweren'tattractedbytheone-armedbasketballplayer.许多球迷没被那位独臂篮球运动员吸引。(3)一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词+其他?回答:Yes,主语+was/were.No,主语+wasn't/weren't.-Weremanyfansattractedbytheone-armedbasketballplayer?许多球迷被那位独臂篮球运动员吸引了吗?-No,theyweren't.不,他们没有(被吸引)。4.特殊情况(1)有些短语动词相当于及物动词,变为被动句时介词或副词不能去掉。eg.Theyputoffthemeetingbecauseoftheweather.→Themeetingwasputoffbecauseoftheweather.会议因天气的缘故被推迟了。(2)含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时,通常把指“人”的间接宾语变为主语,指“物”的直接宾语保留不变;如果把指“物”的直接宾语变为主语,则在间接语前加to或for。e.g.Myauntgavemeane-dictionaryyesterday.Iwasgivenane-dictionaryyesterday.9,Ane-dictionarywasgiventomeyesterday.(3)主动句中感官动词see/hear/watch/feel等和使役动词make/let/have等后跟省略to的动词不定式,变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号to。eg:Wesawastrangerenterthehall.——Astrangerwasseentoenterthehallbyus.我们看到一个陌生人进入了大厅。(4)系动词、不及物动词或某些短语动词(happen,takeplace,cometrue,fallasleep…)没有被动语态。e.g.WhathappenedtoMr.Brown?布朗先生发生了什么事?【练一练】一、将下列句子变为被动语态。1.(2022·黑龙江牡丹江,鸡西)Herepairedtheoldbikelastweek.(改为被动语态)Theoldbike___________byhimlastweek2.DidyougivebackyourbooktothelibrarylastFriday?(改为被动语态)yourbook____________backtothelibrarylastFriday?3.Thefamilybuiltanewhouselastyear.Anewhouse_______________(bythefamily)lastyear.4.Mymotherboughtmanyvegetablesyesterday.Manyvegetables_______________(bymymother)yesterday.5.Hechosesixstorybookstheotherday.Sixstorybooks____________byhimtheotherday.6.UncleLeegaveJackalargecakeforhepaintedthewallwonderfully.Jack__________alargecakeforhepaintedthewallwonderfully.6.Amouseatehalfofthecakelastnight.Halfofthecake__________byamouselastnight.7.Mymommakesmedothedisheseveryday.(为被动语态)Iam______________dothedisheseveryday.二、单项选择题1、(2022·江西中考)Mr.Smithcereatedanewgame.Soonallhisstudents_____________toplayit.A.teachB.taughtC.aretaughtD.weretaught2.(2022·海南)Fewstudentscouldunderstandthesentenceuntilit___________byMissChen.A.explainedB.wasexplainedC.wasexplaining三、用所给词的正确形式填空(2022·内蒙古包头中考改编)Thehousewas___________inthe19thcenturyandisinatypicalstyleofthattime.(build)2.Someoftheworld'sgreatestbooks______________longago.(write)【答案】一、1、wasrepaired2、wasgiven3、wasbuilt4、werebought5、werechosen6、waseaten7、madeto二、DB9,三、1、built2、werewritten9

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所属: 初中 - 英语
发布时间:2024-07-31 09:40:02 页数:9
价格:¥3 大小:64.00 KB
文章作者:U-2009

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