高中英语2025届高考语法复习句式知识讲解（强调句 倒装句 省略 替代 反意疑问句）

高考英语语法复习句式知识讲解一、强调句强调形式例句强调句的各种句式陈述句Itis/was...that/who...Itwasinthishotelthatwemetforthefirsttime.一般疑问句Is/Wasit...that/who...?Wasitduringthewarthathelosthislife?特殊疑问句疑问词+is/wasitthat...?Wherewasitthatyougottheinformation?Do/does/did+动词原形强调谓语，只用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定句中Dobecarefulnexttime,please.Shedidtellmeaboutheraddress,butIforgotallaboutit.注意：当被强调部分是人时，可用who/that，其他情况一律用that。ItishewhoteachesusFrench.二、倒装句1.完全倒装应用例句表示运动方向的副词，here,there,now,then等副词或地点状语位于句首，且句子主语是名词时Outrushedthechildren.Herecomesourbus!Thenfollowedashotofgun.Infrontofthevillageflewastream.Atthetopoftheshelflayabeautifulvase.Onthetopofthehillstandsanoldpinetree.主系表结构的特殊疑问句Whatisyourfather?Whoisthatyoungman?分词短语置于句首时Lyingonthefloorwasapooroldmanagedaboutseventy.2.部分倒装应用例句疑问句，一般将be动词、助动词或情态动词置于主语之前，构成语法倒装Areyougoingtoattendthelecturetomorrow?Didyouseethefilmyesterday?Howdidyoudothat?表示“也（不）...”的句子，即“so/neither/nor+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”Theycanswimnow.Socanwe.Ihaveneverbeenabroad.Neither/Norhasshe.only修饰状语位于句首时，被该状语修饰的句子用部分倒装Onlywhenachildgrowsupdoesheunderstandhisparents’ intentions.表示否定或半否定意义的词，如not,little,hardly,never,nowhere,seldom,few等放在句首时，含该否定词的句子用部分倒装Littledoweknowabouthim.SeldomdoeshecomebackonSundays.NeverhaveIbeentotheGreatWall.4 Notuntil...位于句首时，被该状语修饰的句子用部分倒装Notuntilhisfriendofferedtohelpcouldhedoit.Nosooner...than...和hardly...when...句式中，nosooner和hardly位于句首时，主句用部分倒装Nosoonerhadhegothomethanhebegantopreparesupper.Notonly...butalso...中的notonly位于句首时，第一个分句用部分倒装Notonlydoeshedowellinhislessons,buthealsooftenhelpsotherswiththeirlessons.含有were/had/should的非真实条件句，省略连词if时，需将were/had/should提到主语之前形成部分倒装Weretheyherenow,theycouldhelpus.Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.So...that...句式中，如果“so+形容词/副词”部分置于句首时，主句用部分倒装Socleverishethathecanworkoutallthedifficultproblemsinthebook.三、省略省略形式说明例句状语从句中主谓结构的省略状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句主语是it，从句中又有be动词时，可将主语和be动词一起省略Workhardwhen(youare)young,oryouwillregret.Therooms,thoughsmall,werepleasantandtidy.习惯上的省略Possible/necessary直接跟在if,when,where,whenever,wherever等后及as...assb.can,ifonly,whatif,whynot等句式I’llaskforyourhelpif(itis)necessary.When(itis)possible,buymesomestamps.IdroveasslowlyasIcouldintheheavytraffic.从句的省略某些状语从句或疑问词引导的宾语从句在句意明确的情况下可全部或部分省略Hegavethesameansweras(hehadgiven)before.Hewaslatethismorning,butIdon’tknowwhy(hewaslate).四、替代替代用法例句So/notSo/not代替句子，so代替与上文意义一致的内容，not代替与上文意义相反的内容Hemaynotbeathomethen.Ifso,leavehimanote.Getupearlytomorrow.Ifnot,youwillmissthefirstbus.Do/does/didDo/does/did代替动词SonowyouknowasmuchasIdo.五、反意疑问句陈述部分附加问句例句主语为指示代词Thathappenedahundredyearsago,didn’tit?4 主语用相应的人称代词，即this,that后用it；these,those后用theyThoseareyours,aren’tthey?存现句（therebe）仍用thereTherewillbeaspecialexhibitiontomorrow,won’tthere?主语为指人的不定代词强调全部时主语用they，强调个体时用heEveryonehasadvisedyounottogoonadiet,haven’tthey?主语为指物的不定代词主语用itEverythinggoeswellwithyou,doesn’tit?谓语有实义动词have动词用do的相应形式Theyusuallyhavebreakfastatschool,don’tthey?谓语有助动词have动词用have的相应形式MrGreenhasgonetoAmericaforaholiday,hasn’the?谓语有表推测意义的情态动词must动词取决于must后动词的时态形式。若陈述部分为“must+完成式”，附加问句动词可用have或didYoumustbehungrynow,aren’tyou?Hemusthavecomeyesterday,didn’the?YoumusthavestudiedEnglishforyears,haven’tyou?谓语有usedto动词用did或usedHeusedtogoswimminginsummer,didn’t/usedn’the?谓语有oughtto动词用ought或shouldHeoughttobepraisedforwhathehasdone,oughtn’t/shouldn’the?谓语有hadbetter动词用hadn’t或shouldn’tYou’dbettergowithme,hadn’t/shouldn’tyou?含有否定词no,never,hardly,seldom等用肯定形式Shenevertellsalie,doesshe?有带否定前缀的派生词用否定式Itisunfair,isn’tit?主从复合句与主句一致HeneversaidthatTomwouldcome,didhe?I/Wedon’tthink/suppose/believe等+宾语从句与从句一致且用肯定形式Idon’tsupposeheisserious,ishe?并列复合句与邻近的分句一致TheparentsspeakEnglish,buttheirsonspeaksGerman,doesn’the?肯定祈使句Willyou/won’tyouLookattheblackboard,will/won’tyou?否定祈使句WillyouDon’tbelateagain,willyou?以Let’s开头的祈使句ShallweLet’shaveabreak,shallwe?注意：反意疑问句的答语回答陈述部分是否定句的反意疑问句，事实是肯定的就用“Yes+肯定的简略句”，事实是否定的就用“No+否定的简略句”，形式要一致，但no在这种情况下译作“是”，yes译作“不是”。-Theyhaven’tbeentoldthetruth,havethey?-Yes,theyhave./No,theyhaven’t.不，已经告诉了。/是的，还没有。4 4