浙江省嵊州市2024届高三上学期12月一模诊断性考试英语试题（Word版附解析）

2023年12月嵊州市高考科目诊断性考试英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Acouple.B.Fellowworkers.C.Doctorandpatient.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Julia,timetosleep.I’mdeadbeat.W:Okay,darling.ButI’vegottogooverthehouseholdexpensesfirst.We’veslightlyoverspentthismonth.M:Pleasedoittomorrow.You’llbesleepyintheofficetomorrowifyoudon’tsleepwelltonight.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Stormy.B.Dull.C.Sunny.【答案】B 【解析】【原文】W:Thedarkcloudsintheskymeanthatastormiscoming.M:Oh,Ihaterainydays.W:TheweatherisquitechangeableinLondon.Maybeitwillbesunnythisafternoon.Whoknows?3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatwillTomprobablydotomorrow?A.Findanewapartment.B.Lookforajob.C.Gotraveling.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Tom,whatareyoudoing?M:Oh,I’mpacking.YouknowI’mgoingtovisitNanjingtomorrow.W:I’msoenviousofyou.IneedtofindanewapartmenttomorrowsinceIchangedmyjob.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoesthemanwanttogo?A.ToMolly’shome.B.Toarestaurant.C.Toabookstore.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,Molly.I’mhavingtroublefindingtheway.I’vejustpassedNancy’sBookstore.W:Well,keepgoingstraight.WhenyouseeaChineserestaurant,turnleftthere.You’llseemyhouse.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Thewoman’sfather.B.Apresent.C.Afestival.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:TomorrowisFather’sDay.Iwanttobuyawalletformyfather.M:That’sgood.Father’sDayisatimetorememberallthegoodthingsthatfathershavedonefortheirkids.W:Yeah,italsoprovidesagoodchanceforkidstoexpressgratitudetotheirfathers.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段长对话，回答小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whoisthewomanprobablytalkingto?A.Atravelagent.B.Heremployer.C.Herhusband.7.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Handinsomedocuments.B.Takesometimeoff.C.Makeaphonecall.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】W:Mr.Smith,I’dliketotakesometimeoffnextmonth.M:Howlongdoyouhaveinmind?W:Abouttwoweeks.MyhusbandandIaregoingtotravelabroad.M:Seeingasthenextmonthisourslowseason,thatshouldnotbeaproblem.W:Thanksalot.I’llaskmyhusbandtocontactthetravelagency.M:Justremembertoturninallthenecessarypaperworktoensuretherearenoproblemsduringyourabsence.W:Okay.听下面一段长对话，回答小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatkindofjeansdoesthemanwant?A.Slim.B.Relaxed.C.Regular.9.Whatisthemandissatisfiedwithabouttheblackjeans?A.Thedesign.B.Thematerial.C.Thecolor.10.Whatisthemanprobablygoingtodonext?A.Tryonthejeans.B.Makeapayment.C.Gotoanotherstore.【答案】8.C9.B10.A【解析】【原文】W:CanIhelpyou,sir?M:Yes.I’dliketobuyapairofjeans.W:Isee.Whatstyledoyouwant:slim,regularorrelaxed?M:I’dlikearegularfit.Andmysizeis32. W:Justamoment.Howaboutthisblackpair?M:Ilikethedesignandthecolor,butitfeelsrough.Iprefersomethingcomfortable.W:Thenwhatdoyousayaboutthisdarkbluepair?M:Itseemsperfect.Howmuchisit?W:$105.Andthefittingroomisoverthere.M:OK.听下面一段长对话，回答小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.WhywillMarilyngotoBoston?A.Forvacation.B.Forwork.C.Forherfamily.12.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Findanewjob.B.LivewithMarilyn.C.Thinkpositively.13.Howdoesthewomansoundintheend?A.Grateful.B.Depressed.C.Excited.【答案】11.B12.C13.A【解析】【原文】M:Whyareyousosad,Angela?W:Oh,mysisterMarilynjusttoldmeshegotajobinBostonandshe’smovingaway.M:That’sgreatnews.Youshouldbehappyforher.W:IknowIshouldbehappy,butmysisterandIhavealwaysbeenclose.It’shardformetolivesofarawayfromher.M:Don’ttakeittoobadly.Youcanvideochatwithher.Youwon’tevenfeelshe’sfaraway.W:That’strue,Isuppose.Butitwouldbebetterifshefoundajobhere.M:Comeon.Bostonisareallycoolcity.Youcangothereforvacations.W:You’reright.Ifeelmuchbetternow.Thankyou,Andy.听下面一段长对话，回答小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whendidtheman’ssymptomsgetworse?A.Fourdaysago.B.Yesterday.C.Thismorning.15.Whatmadethemanunabletosleepwellatnight?A.Hissorethroat.B.Hisseriousheadache.C.Hisbadcough. 16.Whatisthemanlikelytodonext?A.Getsomemedicine.B.Drinksomewater.C.Scheduleanappointment.【答案】14.B15.C16.A【解析】【原文】W:Whatseemstobetheproblem?M:Well,Ihavegotareallybadcough,asorethroatandaheadache.W:Howlonghaveyouhadthesesymptoms?M:Ihavehadthemforaboutfourdays,buttheyhavebecomeworsesinceyesterday.I’mreallytired,too.Icouldn’tsleepwellduetocoughingmostofthenight.W:Well,itsoundslikeyouhavegottheflu.Takeaspirineverysixhoursandhaveagoodrest.Makesureyoudrinkplentyofwater.Andifyoustillfeelunwellnextweek,bookanotherappointmenttoseemeagain.M:OK.Thankyouforyourtime.W:You’rewelcome.Hereisyourprescription.听下面一段独白，回答小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhatdidJeffMasterssayaboutmodelsusedtopredictfloods?A.Theywerebasedonshort-termrecords.B.Theywerenotenoughtohelphandleanewclimate.C.Theyreflectedclimatechangesoverthepastdecade.18.WhichstatewashitbyHurricaneIda?A.Oregon.B.Washington.C.Louisiana19.HowmuchrainfallwaspredictedinNewYorkonJune12th,2022?A.3to6inches.B.6to9inches.C.9to10inches.20.WhateffectdidtheYellowstonefloodscause?A.Over600homesweredamaged.B.Roadsandbridgeswereshut.C.Somepeopledied.【答案】17B18.C19.A20.B【解析】【原文】OnJune12th,2022,theYellowstoneNationalParkarea’sweatherforecastseemedfairlymild: warmertemperaturesandrainshowerswouldacceleratemountainsnowmeltandcouldproduce“minorflooding”.Atdusk,afterseveralinchesofrainfell,therewererecord-breakingfloods.“Modelsusedtopredictfloodingarebasedonlong-termandhistoricalrecords.Buttheydonotreflectchangestotheclimatethatemergedoverthepastdecade,”saidWeatherUndergroundfounderJeffMasters.“Thosemodelsaregoingtobeinadequatetodealwithanewclimate.”AnotherextremeweathereventwherethemodelscameupshortwasHurricaneIda,whichhitLouisianalastsummer.Onthesameday,theweatherservicewarnedofa“serioussituation”thatcouldturn“disastrous”,butthepredicted3to6inchesofrainforNewYorkwasfarshortofthe9to10inchesthatfell.ThedeadlyJune2021heatwavethathitthePacificNorthwestofferedanotherexample.Warmerweatherhadbeenexpected,butnottemperaturesofupto47degreesCelsiusthatbrokepreviousrecordsandkilledanestimated600peopleinOregon,WashingtonstateandwesternCanada.ThesurpriseYellowstonefloodspromptedpeopletocloseoffroadsandbridges.Noonedied,somewhatunexpectedly,asmorethan400homesweredamagedordestroyed.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。ANow,EarthDayiscelebratedaroundtheworld.Westillfacemanychallenges,suchasclimatechange,plasticpollution,anddeforestation.Butwecanallmakeadifference.HerTreesSaveLivesAdelineTiffanieSuwanawas12whenherfamily’shomeflooded.Indonesia,herislandnation,isoftenhithardbyfloodsandothernaturaldisasters.Adelinelearnedthatmangrovetreesplayakeyroleinfloodprotectionandralliedclassmatestoplant200treesduringaschoolbreak.TheystartedagroupcalledSahabatAlamorFriendsofNature,whichworkstoconservetheregion’sbiodiversityandcombatclimatechange.Today.Adelineattendsuniversity,studyinghowbusinessescanhelptheenvironment.Teens’Two-FoldInventionEPS—expandedpolystyrenefoam—isthewhite,lightweightstuffusedtomakethingsliketakeoutfoodcontainers,foameggcartons,andpacking“peanuts”.Butittakesupalotofspaceandisdifficulttorecycle.EPSbreaksintosmallpiecesasitfloatsdownwaterwaysintooceans,harmingwildlifealongtheway.Eighth-gradersJuliaBray,LukeClay,andAshtonCoferlookedatEPS’schemicalmakeupandsawthatitwasmostlycarbon.Thatsparkedanidea.Couldtheyturnitintoactivatedcarbon,amaterialthatfilterstoxinsfromwater? After50hoursofexperiments,includingonethataccidentallysetthefamilygrillfire,theysucceeded!SolarforHerSchoolWhenClaireVlasesofMontanawasinseventhgrade,shelearnedaboutplanstoexpandandmodernizehermiddleschool.Claireaskedtheschoolboardtoaddsolarpanelstotheproject.Theboardlikedtheideabutsaiditcouldcontributejust$25,000,one-fifthofthecost.SoClaireorganizedagroupofkidsandadultswhosettoworkraisingtherest.Theyaskedfordonations,evengoingdoor-to-doorforthem.Andtheyappealedtocharitablefoundationstoo.Oneevendonatedhalfthecost!Aftertwoyearsofhardwork,thegrouppaidforthesolarpanels,whichnowsupplyone-fourthoftheschool’selectricityneeds.21.Whatdothethreegroupsofteenagershaveincommon?A.TheyareEarth-helpingheroes.B.Theyarefromislandcountries.C.Theyarehighschoolstudents.D.Theyarekeenonexperiments.22.Howmuchdidoneofthecharitableorganizationsdonateforsolarpanels?A.$25,000.B.$50,000.C.$62,500.D.$125,000.23.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Togivemodelsforcolorfulschoolactivities.B.Toexplorethewaystodealwithplasticpollution.C.Toinspirepeopletoactforenvironmentalproblems.D.Todisplaytheamazingpowerofeffectivecooperation.【答案】21.A22.C23.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍一些学生形成组织为保护地球做出的事迹。【21题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段“Now,EarthDayiscelebratedaroundtheworld.Westillfacemanychallenges,suchasclimatechange,plasticpollution,anddeforestation.Butwecanallmakeadifference.(现在，世界各地都在庆祝地球日。我们仍然面临许多挑战，如气候变化、塑料污染和森林砍伐。但我们都可以有所作为。)”以及下文可知，文章主要介绍一些学生形成组织为保护地球做出的事迹。所以本文中的青少年都是保护地球的英雄们。故选A项。【22题详解】细节理解题。由文章SolarforHerSchool中“Claireaskedtheschoolboardtoaddsolarpanelstotheproject. Theboardlikedtheideabutsaiditcouldcontributejust$25,000,one-fifthofthecost.(克莱尔要求学校董事会为该项目增加太阳能电池板。董事会喜欢这个想法，但表示只能出资25000美元，即成本的五分之一。)”以及“Theyaskedfordonations,evengoingdoor-to-doorforthem.Andtheyappealedtocharitablefoundationstoo.Oneevendonatedhalfthecost!(他们要求捐款，甚至挨家挨户地为他们募捐。他们也呼吁慈善基金会。其中一个慈善基金会甚至捐出了一半的费用！)”可知，总共费用需要25,000*5=125,000，其中一半是65,000。故选C项。【23题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段“Now,EarthDayiscelebratedaroundtheworld.Westillfacemanychallenges,suchasclimatechange,plasticpollution,anddeforestation.Butwecanallmakeadifference.(现在，世界各地都在庆祝地球日。我们仍然面临许多挑战，如气候变化、塑料污染和森林砍伐。但我们都可以有所作为。)”以及下文可知，文章主要介绍一些学生形成组织为保护地球做出的事迹。所以这篇文章举例展示有效合作的惊人力量。故选C项。BTheophilusTettehisanAfricancontemporaryartistfromGhana.Heburiedhimselfinthestudyofgraphicdesignandpaintingatschoolwhileexperimentingwithdifferentmediathemes.NowwehearaboutAfricanpainterssteppingintothespotlight,butitmightbechallengingforGhanaianartiststobringtheircareerstocommercialsuccessandcriticalrecognition.TheartmarketassuchisnotyetestablishedinGhana.Thecountrydoesn’tevenhaveanationalgallerytopreserveandpromoteGhanaianart.ItcanbeproblematicforyoungpainterswhocannotaffordtomovetoEuropeortheUStopromoteandmarkettheirart.Besides,manyyoungartistscanevenhavetroublegettingpaintingmaterials.ThingschangedforTettehwhenhegotfeaturedinBEOPENArt,anonlinegalleryofcontemporaryart.ItwasfoundedbyphilanthropistElenaBaturinawithadesiretoprovideemergingartistsworldwidewithanopportunitytoshowtheirworkstotheworldofartprofessionals.Theplatformespeciallywelcomesartistswhodon’thaveresourcesorpromotionalopportunitiessuchasgraduatesandself-taughtartists.InDecember2020,TettehwasvotedtheArtistoftheMonthbythevisitorsoftheBEOPENArt.Later,hewaschosenasthegallery’sfirst-everArtistoftheYear.Theawardbroughthimfavorablepublicity,sohewasnoticedbytheartcommunity,themedia,collectors,etc.In2021,hewasinterviewedfrequentlybythemediaandfeaturedinafamousmagazine.Allthesethingsletthepricesoftheartist’sworkinchupwards.Tettehthinkstheworldcanbeabetterplaceifyoungartistsareguidedontheirwaywithoutanyformofdisregard,butwithsupportofthesenior.Ashisnamehashitheadlinesoftheartsworldmedia,hehopestohelppromoteemergingtalentsinhisnativecountry.“Theartmakesthemanandthemanmakestheart,”hesays. 24.WhatcanwelearnaboutGhanaianartistsfromparagraphs1-2?A.Theytendtocombinedesignswithmediathemes.B.Theyhaveestablishedanartmarkettopromoteworks.C.Theydesireprofessionalguidanceonpreservingnationalart.D.Theylackasupportiveplatformtorealizecommercialvalueoftheirworks.25.WhydoesElenaBaturinaestablishBEOPENArt?A.TopromoteancientAfricanarttreasures.B.Tobroadentheartisticvisionofself-taughtartists.C.Toprovidechancesforyoungartiststodisplayartistictalents.D.TosponsoraprojectforthecontemporaryemergingartistsfromGhana.26.WhatkindofpersonisTettehaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Sociallyresponsible.B.Amazinglytalented.C.Commerciallysmart.D.Culturallyconservative.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTetteh’schangeoffate?A.Allthatglittersisnotgold.B.Opportunityfavorstheprepared.C.Thestrongisnotwithouttears.D.Agoodnameiseasierlostthanwon.【答案】24.D25.C26.A27.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲的是在线画廊BEOPENArt为没有机会推广自己艺术作品机会的艺术家提供一个向世界艺术专业人士展示他们作品的机会。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“TheartmarketassuchisnotyetestablishedinGhana.Thecountrydoesn’tevenhaveanationalgallerytopreserveandpromoteGhanaianart.(加纳的艺术市场还没有建立起来。这个国家甚至没有一个国家美术馆来保护和推广加纳的艺术)”可知，加纳艺术家缺乏一个支撑其作品实现商业价值的平台。故选D。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“ItwasfoundedbyphilanthropistElenaBaturinawithadesiretoprovideemergingartistsworldwidewithanopportunitytoshowtheirworkstotheworldofartprofessionals.(它是由慈善家ElenaBaturina创立的，旨在为世界各地的新兴艺术家提供一个向世界艺术专业人士展示他们作品的机会)”可知， ElenaBaturina创立BEOPENArt，是为了给年轻艺术家提供展示艺术才华的机会。故选C。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Tettehthinkstheworldcanbeabetterplaceifyoungartistsareguidedontheirwaywithoutanyformofdisregard,butwithsupportofthesenior.Ashisnamehashitheadlinesoftheartsworldmedia,hehopestohelppromoteemergingtalentsinhisnativecountry.(Tetteh认为，如果年轻艺术家的道路上没有任何形式的漠视，但在前辈的支持下，世界会变得更美好。由于他的名字登上了艺术界媒体的头条，他希望能在自己的祖国帮助培养新兴人才)”可知，Tetteh希望能在自己的祖国帮助培养新兴人才，可推知他是有社会责任感的。故选A。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“TheophilusTettehisanAfricancontemporaryartistfromGhana.Heburiedhimselfinthestudyofgraphicdesignandpaintingatschoolwhileexperimentingwithdifferentmediathemes.(TheophilusTetteh是一位来自加纳的非洲当代艺术家。他在学校埋头学习平面设计和绘画，同时尝试不同的媒体主题)”、文章第三段“ThingschangedforTettehwhenhegotfeaturedinBEOPENArt,anonlinegalleryofcontemporaryart.ItwasfoundedbyphilanthropistElenaBaturinawithadesiretoprovideemergingartistsworldwidewithanopportunitytoshowtheirworkstotheworldofartprofessionals.Theplatformespeciallywelcomesartistswhodon’thaveresourcesorpromotionalopportunitiessuchasgraduatesandself-taughtartists.(当Tetteh成为在线当代艺术画廊BEOPENArt的常客时，情况发生了变化。它是由慈善家ElenaBaturina创立的，旨在为世界各地的新兴艺术家提供一个向世界艺术专业人士展示他们作品的机会。这个平台特别欢迎那些没有资源和推广机会的艺术家，比如毕业生和自学成才的艺术家)”以及文章第四段“InDecember2020,TettehwasvotedtheArtistoftheMonthbythevisitorsoftheBEOPENArt.Later,hewaschosenasthegallery’sfirst-everArtistoftheYear.Theawardbroughthimfavorablepublicity,sohewasnoticedbytheartcommunity,themedia,collectors,etc.(2020年12月，Tetteh被BEOPENArt的参观者评选为本月艺术家。后来，他被选为该画廊的第一位年度艺术家。这个奖项给他带来了良好的宣传，因此他被艺术界、媒体、收藏家等注意到)”可知，在线当代艺术画廊BEOPENArt为艺术家提供了向世界艺术专业人士展示作品的机会，Tetteh抓住机会，使自己的才能被注意到，说明机会青睐有准备的人。故选B。CHaveyoueverlostsomethinginahard-to-reachspace,likebehindacouchoracupboard?Wouldn’titbenicetojustbeabletosqueezeinandout?Newinnovationsinthefieldofroboticswillsoonbeabletomakethisniceideaintoareality.InastudypublishedonJan.25inthesciencejournalMatter,engineersfromTheChineseUniversityofHongKongandCarnegieMellonUniversityintheUShavedevelopedsmallrobotsthatcanquicklychangebackandforth fromliquidtosolidstates.AccordingtothewebsiteMashable,thescientistswereinspiredbyseacucumbers(海参).Theyareabletochangethestiffnessoftheirbodyorreducethepotentialforphysicaldamage.Therobotsinthestudyweremadefromgallium,asoftmetalwithalowmeltingpointof30℃.Thescientiststhenusedchangesinthemagneticfieldtohandlethemagneticparticles(粒子)insidethegalliummaterialtoprovideheat.Thisheatthenallowedtherobotstochangebetweensolidandliquidstatesaswellastomovearound.AsthewebsiteTechXplorepointedout,othersimilarmaterialsrequireexternalheatsourcessuchasheatgunsandelectricalcurrentstobringachangeofstates;butnow,therobotscanuseaheatsourceinsideitselftochangestatesindependently.Duringtherobots’experimentaltrials,thescientistsconductedanumberoftests.Thesetestsincludedhavingtherobotsmeltintoliquidandre-formtoescapeaprison-likecage.Itcanremoveaforeignobjectfromanddelivermedicinaldrugstoamodelstomach.Therobotisalsoabletobuildandrepairhard-to-reachcircuits.Therobots’abilitytoswitchbetweenstatesofmatterallowsforanumberofpossibleusesandadvancementsindifferentfields,suchasthebiomedicalandcircuitassemblyindustries.Still,inthewordsofseniorauthorCarmelMajidiatCarnegieMellonUniversity,fornowthesearealljust“proofsofconcept”whichshowtheabilitiesofthesenewkindsofrobots.28.Whatcanwelearnaboutthesmallrobots?A.TheywereproducedbyBritishscientists.B.Theycamefrominspirationofseacucumbers.C.Theycanhelppeoplesqueezeinandoutfreely.D.Theyweremadefromanewlyinventedmaterial.29.Howdidscientistschangethestateoftherobots?A.Byemployingaheatsource.B.Byusingelectricalcurrents.C.Bycontrollingthemagneticparticles.D.Bybuildinghard-to-reachcircuits.30.WhatcanbeinferredabouttherobotsfromMajidi’swords?A.Theirabilitiesareoverstated.B.Theyhavegreatmarketpotential.C.Proofisneededtounderstandtheconcept.D.Itwilltaketimeforthemtobewidelyused. 31.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.OngoingChallengestheNewRobotsFaceB.AmazingFeaturestheNewRobotsPossessC.PotentialLimitationstheNewRobotsHaveD.NewMeltingRobotsSwitchingbetweenDifferentStates【答案】28.B29.C30.D31.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。来自香港中文大学和美国卡内基梅隆大学的工程师开发出了能够快速从液态到固态来回切换的小型机器人。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“AccordingtothewebsiteMashable,thescientistswereinspiredbyseacucumbers(海参).(据Mashable网站报道，科学家们的灵感来自海参。)”可知，是海参为他们提供了灵感从而创造了这种小型机器人。故选B。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thescientiststhenusedchangesinthemagneticfieldtohandlethemagneticparticles(粒子)insidethegalliummaterialtoprovideheat.(然后，科学家们利用磁场的变化来操纵镓材料内部的磁性粒子来提供热量)”可知，科学家是通过控制磁性粒子改变机器人的状态的。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Still,inthewordsofseniorauthorCarmelMajidiatCarnegieMellonUniversity,fornowthesearealljust“proofsofconcept”whichshowtheabilitiesofthesenewkindsofrobots.(尽管如此，用卡内基梅隆大学资深作者卡梅尔•马吉迪的话来说，目前这些都只是“概念证明”，展示了这些新型机器人的能力)”从马吉迪的话中可以推断出，机器人需要更多的时间才能被广泛使用。故选D。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段“InastudypublishedonJan.25inthesciencejournalMatter,engineersfromTheChineseUniversityofHongKongandCarnegieMellonUniversityintheUShavedevelopedsmallrobotsthatcanquicklychangebackandforthfromliquidtosolidstates.(在1月25日发表在科学杂志《物质》上的一项研究中，来自香港中文大学和美国卡内基梅隆大学的工程师们开发出了一种小型机器人，可以快速地从液体状态切换到固体状态)”可知，文章主要介绍新型的可以快速地从液体状态切换到固体状态的机器人。故选D。DAteamofDutchresearchershasdiscoveredthatmagpies(喜鹊)areusingmetalspikes(thingswithsharp points)designedtokeepthemawayfromcertainurbanareastomaketheirownnestsstrongerandkeepinvadersatbay.Scientistshaveknownforawhilethatmagpiesaresomeofthemostintelligentbirdsintheworld,buteventheywerepuzzledbytheiramazingabilitytoadapttohostileurbanenvironments.It’snotunusualforbirdstousehumantrashastoolsandbuildingmaterialsfortheirnests,butseeingthemusetheverythingswehumansuseagainstthemwasnothingshortofpuzzlingforresearchersattheNaturalHistoryMuseuminRotterdamandtheNaturalisBiodiversityCenterinLeiden,intheNetherlands.“Ididn’texpectthis.Theseantibirdspikesaremeanttodeterbirdstheyaresupposedtoscarethemoff,butonthecontrary,thebirdsjustusethem.”KeesMoeliker,thedirectoroftheNaturalHistoryMuseumRotterdam,toldTheGuardian.OneparticularlyimpressivemagpienestwasdiscoveredinthecourtyardofahospitalinAntwerp,Belgium.Itwasmadeupofaround1,500anti-birdspikes,mostofwhichseemedtobepositionedwiththesharppointoutwards,asprotectionagainstinvaders.Afterdiscoveringit,researcherscheckedtheroofandconfirmedthataround50metersofanti-birdspikestripshadbeenrippedoffthebuilding,leavingonlytheglueusedtofixtheminplace.Birdshavebeenknowntotakesharpobjects,frompointybranchestonails,screws,intotheirnestsasprotection,buttheuseofanti-birdspikesiskindofironic,astheyaretheverythingsusedtokeepthemaway.ToscientistslikeHiemstra,thisisasortof“beautifulrevenge”.Afewyearsback,wewroteaboutrichpeopleintheUKinstallinganti-birdspikesontreestostopbirdsfrompoopingontheirluxurycars,butIguessthebirdshadthelastlaugh.32.Howdidtheresearchersfeelwhentheyfoundmagpiesmadeuseofmetalspikes?A.Shocked.B.Amused.C.Frightened.D.Disappointed.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deter”meaninparagraph3?A.Attract.B.Threaten.C.Raise.D.Protect.34.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresult.B.Deeperexplanationoftheresearchfinding.C.Practicalapplicationoftheresearchdiscovery.D.Furtherexplorationofthecauseofthediscovery.35.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Birdsarethemastersofarchitecture. B.Birdsrespondwiselyinfaceofanti-birdspikes.C.Birdsusehumantrashtomakeforbetteradaptation.D.Birdsturnoutthemostintelligentspeciesintheworld.【答案】32.A33.B34.A35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了荷兰一组研究人员发现，喜鹄正在使用一种不寻常的材料筑巢——一种人类旨在让鸟类远离建筑物而使用的尖刺，以适应恶劣的城市环境。【32题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段“AteamofDutchresearchershasdiscoveredthatmagpies(喜鹊)areusingmetalspikes(thingswithsharppoints)designedtokeepthemawayfromcertainurbanareastomaketheirownnestsstrongerandkeepinvadersatbay.(荷兰一组研究人员发现，喜鹊会使用旨在让它们远离某些城市区域的东西，金属尖刺(有尖的东西)使它们的巢穴更坚固，并阻止入侵者进入。)”和第二段中“Scientistshaveknownforawhilethatmagpiesaresomeofthemostintelligentbirdsintheworld,buteventheywerepuzzledbytheiramazingabilitytoadapttohostileurbanenvironments.(科学家们早就知道喜鹊是世界上最聪明的鸟类之一，但即使是他们也对喜鹊适应恶劣城市环境的惊人能力感到困惑。)”可知，当研究人员发现喜鹊使用金属尖刺时，他们感到震惊。故选A。【33题详解】词句猜测题。由文章第三段中“theyaresupposedtoscarethemoff(它们应该把它们吓跑)”可知，这些防鸟钉旨在阻止鸟类，从而推知，带下划线的“deter”意为“吓跑”。A.Attract吸引；B.Threaten威胁，恐吓；C.Raise升起；D.Protect保护。故选B。【34题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第四段“OneparticularlyimpressivemagpienestwasdiscoveredinthecourtyardofahospitalinAntwerp,Belgium.Itwasmadeupofaround1,500anti-birdspikes,mostofwhichseemedtobepositionedwiththesharppointoutwards,asprotectionagainstinvaders.Afterdiscoveringit,researcherscheckedtheroofandconfirmedthataround50metersofanti-birdspikestripshadbeenrippedoffthebuilding,leavingonlytheglueusedtofixtheminplace.(在比利时安特卫普一家医院的院子里发现了一个特别令人印象深刻的喜鹊巢。它由大约1500根防鸟刺组成，大多数刺的尖头似乎都朝外，以防止入侵者入侵。发现后，研究人员检查了屋顶，确认大约50米长的防鸟钉条被从建筑物上扯下来，只留下用于固定它们的胶水。)”可知，第4段是研究结果：喜鹊使用防鸟刺筑巢的的支持性证据。故选A。【35题详解】推理判断题。由文章第三段中“Theseantibirdspikesaremeanttodeterbirds,theyaresupposedtoscarethem off,butonthecontrary,thebirdsjustusethem.(这些防鸟刺是为了阻止鸟类，它们应该把它们吓跑，但相反，鸟类使用它们。)”可知，面对防鸟刺，鸟类会做出明智反应。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheLipstickEffectIn2020,theworldwasplungedintoaneconomicdownturnastheCOVID-19pandemiccausedwidespreadclosurestobusinesses.____36____Duringsuchtimesofeconomichardship,onemaynaturallyexpectthatconsumermarketswillseeadeclineinexpenditure,aspeopleeverywherefeelrestrictedtomakingonly“essential”purchases.However,acuriousphenomenonknownasthe“lipstickeffect”canoftenbeobserved.Thelipstickeffectreferstothephenomenonofconsumersspendingonsmallluxurygoodsevenwhenaneconomicdepressionoccurs.____37____However,manystillfindthecashforpurchasesofsmallluxuryitems,suchaslipstick.Thisphenomenonwastermedthe“lipstickeffect”in2001byLeonardLauder,chairmanofluxurycosmeticcompanyEstéeLauder.Hehadnotonlywitnessedthephenomenonatworkbutalsorealizedthatitwasespeciallyevidentinthecaseoflipstickandothercosmeticproducts.____38____Firstandperhapsmostobviously,consumersmaysimplywishtogivethemselvestreatsnowandagaintoprovidedistractionsfromtheirfinancialinsecurity.Anothertheoryhastodowithlabourmarkets.Specifically,duringtheeconomicdepression,jobseekingtendstobecomemorecompetitive.Thus,peopleseekingemploymentmayperceiveaneedtospendmoneyoncertainproductstoimprovetheirphysicalappearance.____39____Whateverthecausesofthelipstickeffect.thisphenomenonisnoshort-livedtrend.Duringtheglobaldepressionof2007-2009,salesofcosmeticintheUnitedStatesincreasedbyaround5%.Basedonsuchdata,itseemsthateveninthecurrentinsecureeconomicclimate,theluxurycosmeticsindustryisonethatwillbestickingaround.Whilelipstickasaneconomicindicatormakessense,itcanbedifficultforthepublictoaccesssalesdataonlipstickandsimilarproductsatregularintervals,suchasweeklyormonthly.____40____However,it’sofnopracticalusetoaregularmom-and-popinvestor,unlesstheyalsocaneasilytracklipsticksales.A.Whatdoeslipsticktellusabouttheeconomy?B.Theydonothaveenoughtospendonbig-ticketluxuryitems.C.Thelipstickeffectisabehaviorthatreflectseconomicconditionsandemotionalstates.D.So,howexactlydoconsumerswhoareshortofcashjustifymakingsuchpurchases?E.Byusingproductssuchaslipstick,theymayfeelmoreconfidentduringjobinterviews.F.Asaresult,thelipstickindicatorhelpsthechairofEstéeLauderknowhowtoplanhisbudget. G.Underthesecircumstances,millionsofpeoplesuddenlyfoundthemselvesfacingfinancialinsecurity.【答案】36.G37.B38.D39.E40.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了口红效应。【36题详解】由上文“In2020,theworldwasplungedintoaneconomicdownturnastheCOVID-19pandemiccausedwidespreadclosurestobusinesses.(2020年，由于COVID-19大流行导致企业普遍关闭，世界陷入了经济衰退。)”可知，本空要说跟“经济衰退对人们影响”有关的话题，由后文“Duringsuchtimesofeconomichardship,onemaynaturallyexpectthatconsumermarketswillseeadeclineinexpenditure,aspeopleeverywherefeelrestrictedtomakingonly“essential”purchases.(在这样的经济困难时期，人们可能会自然地预期消费市场将看到支出的下降，因为各地的人们都感到只能购买“必需品”。)”可知，本句要表达经济衰退对人们消费态度的影响，故G选项“Underthesecircumstances,millionsofpeoplesuddenlyfoundthemselvesfacingfinancialinsecurity.(在这种情况下，数以百万计的人突然发现自己面临着经济上的不安全。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。【37题详解】由上文“Thelipstickeffectreferstothephenomenonofconsumersspendingonsmallluxurygoodsevenwhenaneconomicdepressionoccurs.(“口红效应”是指即使经济不景气，消费者也会购买小型奢侈品的现象。)”可知，本空要说跟“购买小型奢侈品的原因”有关的话题，由后文“However,manystillfindthecashforpurchasesofsmallluxuryitems,suchaslipstick.(然而，许多人仍然会用现金购买口红等小型奢侈品。)”可知，本句要与后文构成转折。故B选项“Theydonothaveenoughtospendonbig-ticketluxuryitems.(他们没有足够的钱购买高价奢侈品。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。【38题详解】由下文“Firstandperhapsmostobviously,consumersmaysimplywishtogivethemselvestreatsnowandagaintoprovidedistractionsfromtheirfinancialinsecurity.Anothertheoryhastodowithlabourmarkets.Specifically,duringtheeconomicdepression,jobseekingtendstobecomemorecompetitive.Thus,peopleseekingemploymentmayperceiveaneedtospendmoneyoncertainproductstoimprovetheirphysicalappearance.(首先，或许也是最明显的一点是，消费者可能只是希望时不时地犒劳一下自己，以分散自己对财务不安全感的注意力。另一个理论与劳动力市场有关。具体来说，在经济萧条时期，求职的竞争变得更加激烈。因此，寻找工作的人可能会觉得有必要花钱购买某些产品来改善他们的外表。)”可知，本空要说跟“此类购买原因”有关的话题，故D选项“So,howexactlydoconsumerswhoareshortofcashjustifymakingsuchpurchases?(那么，现金短缺的消费者究竟如何证明进行此类购买是合理的呢？)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。 【39题详解】由上文“Thus,peopleseekingemploymentmayperceiveaneedtospendmoneyoncertainproductstoimprovetheirphysicalappearance.(因此，寻找工作的人可能会觉得有必要花钱购买某些产品来改善他们的外表。)”可知，本空要说跟“改善他们的外表的好处”有关的话题，故E选项“Byusingproductssuchaslipstick,theymayfeelmoreconfidentduringjobinterviews.(通过使用口红等产品，他们可能会在求职面试中感到更加自信。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。【40题详解】由上文“Whilelipstickasaneconomicindicatormakessense,itcanbedifficultforthepublictoaccesssalesdataonlipstickandsimilarproductsatregularintervals,suchasweeklyormonthly.(虽然口红作为一个经济指标是有道理的，但公众很难定期获得口红和类似产品的销售数据，比如每周或每月。)”可知，本空要说跟“利用销售数据”有关的话题，故F选项“Asaresult,thelipstickindicatorhelpsthechairofEstéeLauderknowhowtoplanhisbudget.(因此，口红指标有助于雅诗兰黛董事长了解如何规划预算。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thetitleof“Aaron’syoungerbrother”wasearnedwhenIhadwonthesecondplaceinmyfirsttennistournamentattheageofsix.WheneverI____41____ontoatenniscourt,itwasasthoughaglueynamelabel,whichhadbeen____42____stuckontome.Iwantedto____43____Aaron,myolderbrother,whosefamehadreducedmetoa____44____tennisplayer.ThencameabigtennismatchagainstAaron.AsIshookAaron’shandatthestartofthematch,Istaredathimandfocusedonhowthismatchwasgoingto____45____everything.Thetenniscourtseemedtostretchoutfurtherthanusual,butIcouldstill____46____theconfidentlookonAaron’sface.Heknewthatmyhonor____47____incomparisontohis.Finally,weweredowntothelastset,neckandneckinpoints.Thatwaswhenthesettingsuncasthisfigureoverme,____48____methatIwouldalwaysbewalkinginhis____49____ifIdidnotprovemyself.Ipreparedmyselfforthefinishingblow,____50____ofAaron’spastmatchesfloodingthroughmymindasI____51____theweaknessofhissmash(扣球)theballwouldalwaysflytowardstheleftofthecourt.Iextendedmyarmtotheleftinanticipationofwheretheballwasgoingtoland.Theballmade____52____withmyracketandwaslobbedoverAaron’sheadsuccessfully.Hecoulddonothingbut____53____hisundefeatedstatusaschampion beingremovedbyhisyoungerbrother.WhileIwasstillenjoyingtheunfamiliarfeelingof____54____minutesafterthematchwasoveraman,whomIvaguelyrecognizedfroma____55____tennisclub,approachedme.“Whatisyourname,son?”heasked.Asmilespreadacrossmyface.41.A.marchedB.steppedC.jumpedD.rushed42.A.frequentlyB.originallyC.permanentlyD.occasionally43.A.recommendB.praiseC.evaluateD.defeat44.A.namelessB.hopelessC.worthlessD.fearless45.A.appreciateB.changeC.exploreD.settle46.A.putdownB.pulloutC.takeupD.makeout47.A.disappearedB.wrinkledC.paledD.doubled48.A.remindingB.orderingC.instructingD.expecting49.A.trustB.shelterC.creditD.shadow50.A.scoresB.imagesC.recordsD.highlights51.A.hidB.admittedC.recalledD.overcame52.A.contactB.progressC.movementD.adjustment53.A.maintainB.improveC.confirmD.witness54.A.harmonyB.successC.competitionD.relief55.A.previousB.specialC.famousD.tiny【答案】41.B42.C43.D44.A45.B46.D47.C48.A49.D50.B51.C52.A53.D54.B55.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者网球赛战胜自己的哥哥亚伦，不再活在他阴影下的故事。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当我走上网球场，就好像一个黏糊糊的名字标签永远贴在我身上。A.marched行进；B.stepped迈步；C.jumped跳；D.rushed冲。由下文“ontoatenniscourt”以及语境可知，这里指作者“迈步”走进网球场，steponto表“踏上”，为固定搭配，符合句意。故选B项。【42题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：每当我走上网球场，就好像一个黏糊糊的名字标签永远贴在我身上。A.frequently经常地；B.originally最初地；C.permanently永久地；D.occasionally偶尔地。由上文“itwasas thoughaglueynamelabel”可知，这里指这个黏糊糊的名字标签“永远”贴在作者身上。故选C项。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想打败我的哥哥亚伦，他的名气使我变成了一个无名的网球运动员。A.recommend推荐；B.praise赞扬；C.evaluate评估；D.defeat击败。由下文“whosefamehadreducedmetoa　4　tennisplayer.”可知，这里指作者想“打败”哥哥亚伦，走出他的阴影。故选D项。【44题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想打败我的哥哥亚伦，他的名气使我变成了一个无名的网球运动员。A.nameless无名的；B.hopeless无望的；C.worthless毫无价值的；D.fearless无所畏惧的。由上文“Thetitleof‘Aaron’syoungerbrother’wasearnedwhenIhadwonthesecondplaceinmyfirsttennistournamentattheageofsix.”可知，作者哥哥的名气使作者变成了一个“无名的”网球运动员。故选A项。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：比赛开始时，当我和亚伦握手时，我凝视着他，专注于这场比赛将如何改变一切。A.appreciate感谢；B.change改变；C.explore探索；D.settle解决。由上文“Iwantedto3Aaron,myolderbrother”可知，这里指作者想打败哥哥“改变”一切。故选B项。【46题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：网球场似乎比平时伸得更远，但我仍然能辨认出亚伦脸上自信的表情。A.putdown放下；B.pullout拔出；C.takeup占用；D.makeout辨认出。由上文“furtherthanusual”以及but表转折可知，这里指虽然距离远，但是作者还是能“辨认出”亚伦脸上自信的表情。故选D项。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他知道我的荣誉与他的相比显得微不足道。A.disappeared消失；B.wrinkled皱起；C.paled变苍白；D.doubled加倍。由下文“incomparisontohis”可知，这里指作者的荣誉不如哥哥的，相对于哥哥的荣誉，变得非常“苍白”逊色。故选C项。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，落日把他的身影投射到我身上，提醒我，如果我不证明自己，我将永远走在他的阴影下。A.reminding提醒；B.ordering订购；C.instructing指导；D.expecting期待。由上文“thesettingsuncasthisfigureoverme”可知，这指落日“提醒”了作者生活在哥哥的阴影下。故选A项。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，落日把他的身影投射到我身上，提醒我，如果我不证明自己，我将永远走在他的阴影下。A.trust信任；B.shelter避难所；C.credit信用；D.shadow阴影。由下文“ifIdidnotprovemyself”可知，这里指如果作者不证明自己，就会活在哥哥的“阴影”下。故选D项。 【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为最后一击做好了准备，当我回忆起他扣杀的弱点时，亚伦过去比赛的画面充斥着我的脑海——球总是飞向球场左侧。A.scores得分；B.images画面；C.records记录；D.highlights亮点。由下文“ofAaron’spastmatches”可知，这里指亚伦过去比赛的“画面”出现在作者的脑海里。故选B项。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为最后一击做好了准备，当我回忆起他扣杀的弱点时，亚伦过去比赛的画面充斥着我的脑海——球总是飞向球场左侧。A.hid隐藏；B.admitted承认；C.recalled回忆；D.overcame克服。由上文“floodingthroughmymind”可知，作者这里在“回忆”亚伦扣杀的弱点。故选C项。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：球碰到了我的球拍，成功地从亚伦的头上高出。A.contact接触；B.progress进度；C.movement运动；D.adjustment调整。由下文“withmyracketandwaslobbedoverAaron’sheadsuccessfully”可知，这里表示球“触碰到”作者的球拍，然后作者成功击出了球。故选A项。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他只能目睹自己不败的冠军身份被弟弟夺走。A.maintain维护；B.improve提高；C.confirm确认；D.witness目睹。由上文“coulddonothing”可知，作者哥哥亚伦只能“目睹”自己的失败，什么也做不了。故选D项。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：比赛结束几分钟后，当我还在享受这种陌生的成功感时，一个我隐约认出是来自一家著名网球俱乐部的男人走近了我。A.harmony和谐；B.success成功；C.competition竞争；D.relief宽慰。由上文“championbeingremovedbyhisyoungerbrother”可知，这里指作者享受打败哥哥的“成功”感。故选B项。【55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：比赛结束几分钟后，当我还在享受这种陌生的成功感时，一个我隐约认出是来自一家著名网球俱乐部的男人走近了我。A.previous以前的；B.special特殊的；C.famous著名的；D.tiny极小的。由下文“Whatisyourname,son?”以及语境可知，作者赢得比赛，引得了“著名的”网球俱乐部的注意。故选C项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。InChina,evenforthemostaccomplishedchefs,cooking____56____(involve)improvisingwiththeingredients(原料)onhand:feelandtaste.FortheChinese,theideaofexacttimeandamountsincookingisanalienconcept.In fact,timesandmeasuringcupswon’t____57____(find)inatraditionalChinesekitchen.NorwillaChinesecookasked____58____heorshemakesaparticulardishrespondwithclear____59____(quantity)ofingredientsandanexactcookingtime,forsuchconcreteinstructionsarealmostnonexistentintheworldofChinesecuisine.____60____(make)Chinesefoodcanbeverytimeconsuming.Onereasonis____61____thepreparationbeforetheactualcookingtakestime,asingredientsforthesamedishare____62____(typical)cutintouniformshapes,andpreferablyintobite-sizedpieces.Chinesecookingemploysdifferentmethodsaccordingtothenatureoftheingredients,the____63____(long)ofcookingtime,andthedegreeofheat.Themajoremphasis,though,isonenhancingthenaturalflavorofingredients,aswellasretainingnutrients.AlmosteveryChinesekitchenhas____64____bamboosteamer.Inthismethod,foodsareputinthesteameraboveboilingwater.Thistechniquepreservesthecolors,flavors,andnutrientsofthefood.Agoodcookknowswhichtechniquestouse____65____(combine)thenaturalflavorsoftheingredientsforthebesttasteandnutrition.【答案】56.involves57.befound58.how59.quantities60.Making61.that62.typically63.length64.a65.tocombine【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国人做饭的方法及与西方人之间的区别。【56题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：在中国，即使对最有成就的厨师来说，烹饪也需要用手头的食材即兴发挥：感觉和味道。设空处在句中作谓语，叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为cooking，谓语动词应用单数的形式，故填involves。【57题详解】考查动词语态。句意：事实上，在传统的中国厨房里是找不到计时器和量杯的。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语之间是被动关系，空前为won’t，设空处为一般将来时的被动语态，故填befound。【58题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：中国厨师也不会问他或她如何做一道菜时，给出明确的食材数量和确切的烹饪时间，因为在中国烹饪界，几乎不存在这样具体的指示。设空处引导宾语从句且在句中作方式状语，应用how“如何。故填how。 【59题详解】考查名词复数。句意见上题解析。设空处应用名词的形式作介词的宾语，前无限定词，应用复数的形式，表泛指。故填quantities。【60题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：做中餐很费时间。设空处为非谓语动词在句中作主语，doing主要用来表示经常性、习惯性、抽象性发生的行为，设空处应用动名词作主语，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Making。【61题详解】考查表语从句。句意：原因之一是，烹饪前的准备工作需要时间，因为同一道菜的食材通常被切成均匀的形状，最好是切成一口大小的块。设空处引导表语从句，从句句意完整不缺成分，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。【62题详解】考查副词。句意见上题解析。设空处修饰谓语动词，应用副词typically“通常”，作状语。故填typically。63题详解】考查名词。句意：中国烹饪根据食材的性质、烹饪时间的长短和热度的不同，采用不同的方法。设空处作介词的宾语，应用名词length，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词。故填length。【64题详解】考查冠词。句意：几乎每个中国厨房都有蒸笼。设空处后为名词单数，表泛指“一个蒸笼”，应用不定冠词，空后bamboo为辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。【65题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一个好的厨师知道使用哪些技术来将食材的自然风味结合起来，以达到最好的口感和营养。设空处在句中作非谓语，固定短语usesthtodosth“用某物做某事”。故填tocombine。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）66.假定你是李华，某英语网站正在讨论对“Themanwhohasmadeuphismindtowinwillneversay‘impossible’.”的理解。你打算跟帖参与讨论，内容包括：1.你对此的理解；2.结合具体实例；3.你的启发与感悟。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Thisquotehighlightstheimportanceofdeterminationanddevotion.Tome,astrongwillpoweriswhatittakestoaccomplishanythingdifficult.ThisisapparentlytruetoTuYouyou.Facedwiththechallengestofindacureformalaria,sheencounterednumerousobstacles.However,shemadeuphermindtosettletheprobleminsteadofacknowledgingdefeat.Afterendlessattempts,sheledherteamtodiscoverartemisininandwinthebattleagainstmalaria,savinghundredsofthousandsofpeople’slives.Overall,I’minspiredbyTuYouyouandherteam.Theircontributiondemonstratesthatintimeofdifficulties,wearesupposedtosparenoefforttowin.Hopefully,wecanturn“impossible”into“I’mpossible”.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生就某英语网站正在讨论的“Themanwhohasmadeuphismindtowinwillneversay‘impossible’”话题跟帖参与讨论并谈谈自己的理解。【详解】1.词汇积累突出，强调：stress→highlight明显地：obviously→apparently证明：show→demonstrate完成：complete→accomplish2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Facedwiththechallengestofindacureformalaria,sheencounterednumerousobstacles.拓展句：Whenshewasfacedwiththechallengestofindacureformalaria,sheencounterednumerousobstacles.【点睛】【高分句型1】Tome,astrongwillpoweriswhatittakestoaccomplishanythingdifficult.（运用了what引导的表语从句）【高分句型2】Theircontributiondemonstratesthatintimeofdifficulties,wearesupposedtosparenoefforttowin.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 第二节（满分25分）67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AnUnforgettableThanksgivingWewerelivinginJakarta,Indonesia.However,ourfamilyofsixhadtoexperienceaholidaywithoutmywife,Esther,whowasinSingapore.ThismeantthatIwasinchargeofourfourchildren.Itwasastruggle,puttinginpart-timeattheunionmissionoffice,thencominghometomanagethechildren.ShortlyafterarrivinginIndonesia,ImadefriendswithsomeoftheemployeesattheUnitedStatesembassy,whereanumberofUnitedStatesmarines(海军陆战队)werestationed,andIhadgreatconversationswiththem.IcheckedoutfilmsfromtheUnitedStatesInformationServiceofficeontheembassytoshowtoourchildrenandneighbors.WithThanksgivingweekuponusIthoughtwhatwewoulddotocelebrate.Manythoughtsranthroughmymind.ThefilmabouttheNationalFootballLeaguegameoftheweekcouldbecheckedoutforafewdays.TheSundaybeforeThanksgiving,thequietofourhousewasdisruptedbythesoundofajeep.Wehearditdriveupandstopinourdriveway.Beforewecoulddeterminewhohadcometovisitus,abigmuscularmanwasknockingatourdoor.ItwasWillie,onemarineguardstationedattheUnitedStatesEmbassy.Heheldabigboxinhisarms,leavingmeinstructions:“PastorJones,let’shavearealniceThanksgivingdinnertogether,OK?”Thenoutthedoorhewent,“I’llbringfourothermarineguards”.Iimmediatelyinvestigatedthecontentsofthebox:afrozenturkeyandahalf-galloncontainerofMagnoliaicecream—Singapore’sbestbrand.ThenextdayIwalkedfromourunionmissionofficetoourhome.Icameacrossoneofmynewly-madefriends,Tim.Hewaswalkingalong,depressedanddownhearted.Igreetedhimandasked,“What’sthematter,Tim?”“PastorJones,”hesaid,“thisisourfirstThanksgivingawayfromhome,andmywifeandIareinthedumps.WewentshoppingforaturkeyforThanksgiving,andallwecouldfindwasalotofskinnychickens.Noturkeysanywhere.Thanksgivingwillbenoperfectdespitemywife’sexcellentcookingskills.”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Noturkey?FirstThanksgivingawayfromhome?ImadeadealwithTimonthespot. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Attheappointedtimeweheardthejeepfromtheembassyatthegateofourhouse.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Noturkey?FirstThanksgivingawayfromhome?ImadeadealwithTimonthespot.Ifhewouldaskhiswifetopreparetheturkey,theycouldtakepartofitforthemselvesandletthemarinesfromtheU.S.embassyeattherestofit.“Yes!”herespondedquickly,asiftosealthedealbeforeIcouldchangemymind.“She’llbegladtodothat.”LaterthatdayTimwasatmyhometogetthebigfrozenturkey.Adaylaterhereturnedthe“marine”portionofthecookedbirdwithmanywordsofappreciation.WhenThanksgivingDaycame,wefiveJoneseswereready.WehadtheNationalFootballLeaguegameoftheweektowatchafterdinner.Wehadthe“marine”partoftheturkeyonaplatterwithallthetrimmings.Attheappointedtimeweheardthejeepfromtheembassyatthegateofourhouse.Thehungrymarinesallwearingcivilianclothes,gotoutofthejeepandeagerlyenteredourhouse,wherethearomaoffoodfilledtheair.Whatadinnerthatwasandhowunusual—fivemarines,fourchildrenandme!Whenthemealwasfinished,theywantedtogooutsideandshootbasketballonourlittlecourt.Mychildrenenjoyedwatchingthemshootbasketsandlaughatoneanother.Itwastrulyafuntime!Returningtothehouse,weservedthepieandicecream,watchedthefootballgame,andfinallysaidgoodbye.Thefoodwasabundantanddelicious,thefellowshipwassuperb,therecreationwasrelaxing.AnunforgettableThanksgiving!【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述作者在异乡印度尼西亚的雅加达过感恩节的时候，驻扎在美国大使馆的海军陆战队警卫拿来一只火鸡让作者准备在感恩节吃，而这时作者新交的朋友蒂姆走过来，向作者抱怨他感恩节没有买到火鸡，感觉感恩节不完美。【详解】1.段落续写：①由续写第一段首句“没有火鸡？第一个远离家乡的感恩节？我当场和蒂姆做了一笔交易。”可以预测续写第一段主要内容：作者向蒂姆提供火鸡，让他做好后自己留一份，然后剩下的拿回来给海军陆战队吃。 ②由续写第二段首句“在约定的时间，我们在家门口听到了大使馆的吉普车声。”可以预测续写第二段主要内容：海军陆战队来到作者家，大家一起度过一个欢乐的感恩节。2.续写线索：作者和蒂姆一笔交易——蒂姆把火鸡拿回家去做好——蒂姆留下部分火鸡然后把剩余的送回来——海军陆战队来到作者家——作者一家和海军陆战队度过一个欢乐的感恩节3.词汇激活行为类①回复：respond/answer/reply②进入：enter/walkinto③穿着：wear/bedressedin情绪类①高兴的：delighted/happy/glad②急切地：eagerly/anxiously【点睛】[高分句型1]WhenThanksgivingDaycame,wefiveJoneseswereready.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）[高分句型2]Thehungrymarinesallwearingcivilianclothes,gotoutofthejeepandeagerlyenteredourhouse,wherethearomaoffoodfilledtheair.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句）