2023-2024学年高中上学期期末模拟考试高一英语期末模拟卷01（必修第一册、必修第二册）（人教版2019）（Word版附解析）

2023-2024学年上学期期末模拟考试高一英语注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）注意，听力部分答题时请先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束前你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Athome.B．Inanoffice.C．Inaclass.【答案】B【原文】W:Goodmorning,Mr.Rockefeller.Mr.Flintwantstoseeyouonaveryurgentbusinessmatter.M:Sendhimin,please.2．Whichsubjectdoesthewomandislike?A．Engineering.B．Chemistry.C．Physics.【答案】A【原文】M:Atthemomentwestudygeneralscience,butwhenwemoveintothefourthyear,weneedtopicktwosubjects. W:Well,Iwon’tbepickingengineering.I’mnotinterestedinit.Ipreferphysicsandchemistry.3．Whatkindofmoviesdoesthewomanlike?A．Sciencefiction.B．Musicals.C．Actionmovies.【答案】A【原文】W:Whattypeofmoviesdoyoulike?M:Ilikeallsortsofmovies,primarilymusicalsandactionmovies.Whataboutyou?W:Iprefersciencefiction.4．Whatdoesthewomanworkfor?A．TheTeensForum.B．TheEducationWebsite.C．TheTeensDevelopmentOrganization.【答案】B【原文】M:ThismeetingisformembersoftheTeensForum.CanIseeyourinvitations?W:Certainly,I’mJenLiu,headoftheEducationWebsite.ThisisJasonHull.HeworksfortheTeensDevelopmentOrganization.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Hometowncities.B．Computergames.C．Animalcafes.【答案】C【原文】M:Hi,Lee,IknowyouarefromSeoul.Iheardthereareanimalcafesinyourcity.Isthattrue?W:Yes,actuallythereisonenearmyapartment.Ioftengothere.It’sgreatfunworkingonthecomputersurroundedbylovelyanimals.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。6．Whatisthemandoing?A．WatchingTV.B．Searchingonline.C．Listeningtotheradio.7．HowwillbetheweatherinChicagonextSaturday? A．Rainy.B．Cloudy.C．Sunny.【答案】6．B7．C【原文】W:Hey,Ken,whatareyoudoing?M:I’mlookinguptheweatherforecastforChicagoontheInternet.W:Why?Areyougoingtogoonbusinessthere?M:No.IhaveafriendthereandIwanttovisithimforafewdaysnextweek,butIhatetotravelwhenitrains.Hereweare.Well,it’sgoingtorainfromnextMondaytoThursday.ButafineweatherwillstartfromFridaythroughtheweekend.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题。8．Whyisthemanlateagain?A．Hegotill.B．Thetrafficwasheavy.C．Hehadanaccidentonhisway.9．Whereistheschoolmaster?A．Inaclassroom.B．Inhisoffice.C．Inameetingroom.10．Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemandointheend?A．Buyabike.B．Gotobedearly.C．Getanalarmclock.【答案】8．B9．C10．A【原文】M:I’msorry,I’mlateagain.Thetrafficwasterrible.W:Well,that’sOK.Buttheschoolmasterwantstoseeyou.Heaskedaboutyouthismorning.M:Oh,that’stoobad.Iamgoingtoseehimnow.W:You’dbettergoandseehimafter10:00.Heisn’tinhisoffice.Heishavingameetinginthemeetingroomnow.M:Totellthetruth,Mrs.Wilson,Idon’twanttobelate.Butyousee,thetrafficisalwayssoheavy.HowcanInotbelate?W:Youshouldgetupearlier.M:It’snouse.Everytimethealarmclockrings,Istopit.Youknow,it’sdifficultformetowakeupthatearly.W:Whydon’tyoubuyabike?Thatwouldbefaster.M:Iguessso.听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13题。11．Whydoesthemanwanttomovehouse? A．Hecan’taffordtherentonhisown.B．Hewantstofindacleanerplace.C．Hecan’tbearhisnoisyneighbor.12．Howmuchdoesthemanneedtopaypermonth?A．1,200dollars.B．700dollars.C．500dollars.13．Howwillthemangotoworkeveryday?A．Bybus.B．Bysubway.C．Bycar.【答案】11．C12．B13．C【原文】W:Hi,Peter.Comeonin.M:Sorrytodisturbyou,butIcan’twaittoseetheapartment.Youknow,Iamfedupwiththatnoisyguynextdoor.W:Noproblem.Here’sthespareroom.M:Er…,it’sniceandbright,butit’sabitsmall.W:Well,youcanputsomeofyourthingsinthesittingroom.Idon’tmind.M:Thanks.Whichroomisyours?W:Thatone,overthere.M:It’snice.Well,howmuchisitpermonth?W:Well,rentforthewholeapartmentis1,200dollars.Iwasgoingtoaskyoutopayhalfandanother100forparking.M:Soundsgoodtome.It’sadeal.I’llmoveinthisSunday.Bytheway,howdoyougotoworkeveryday?It’squitefarfromthecompany.W:Firstbybusandthenbysubway.M:Well,startingfromnextMondaywhydon’twegotoworktogether?I’llbedrivingtoandfromworkeveryday,soit’snotrouble.W:Oh,thatwouldbegreat-thankyousomuch,Peter.听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17题。14．WhatisPenny’scurrentproblem?A．Shehasatoothache.B．Shehasasorethroat.C．Shehasanearache.15．HowoftenwillPennytakethemedicine?A．Onceaday.B．Twiceaday.C．Threetimesaday. 16．Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A．OnMonday.B．OnTuesday.C．OnThursday.17．WhatdoesthemanaskPennytodointheend?A．Makeanappointment.B．Gotothemedicineshop.C．Takethemedicineproperly.【答案】14．C15．B16．C17．A【原文】M:Goodafternoon,Penny.What’stheproblem?W:Well,Idon’tfeelverywell,doctor.Afterthreedaysofthetoothacheandsorethroat,I’mtroubledbyaterribleearachenow.M:IcangiveyouanewmedicinecalledNopain,whichisveryuseful.Youcangetitatanymedicineshops.W:Nopain?M:Yes.N-O-P-A-I-N.Andyouhavetotakethemedicineafterbreakfastandsupper.Youdon’tneedtotakeitafterlunch.Andremembertotakeitalwaysaftermeals.That’sveryimportant.W:AndhowlongdoIhavetotakeit?M:Youhavetofinishthisbottle,sothat’sfivedays.Comebackandseemethen.W:NextMonday?ThefirstofSeptember?M:No,notMonday,Tuesday.That’sthesecondofSeptember.W:WhattimecanIseeyou,doctor?M:Youhavetomakeanappointmentwiththenurseatthereceptionoutside.W:Thankyouverymuch.听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20题。18．Howmanyfactorsofcaraccidentsarementioned?A．2.B．3.C．4.19．Whatmeasurehasbeentakentoreducecaraccidents?A．Improvedhighwaydesign.B．Strictertrafficmanagement.C．Strengthenedtrainingfordrivers.20．Whatremainsanimportantcauseofroadaccidents?A．Poortrafficcontrol.B．Somedriverlesscars.C．Drivers’carelessness.【答案】18．B19．A20．B【原文】W:Asthecarindustrydevelops,trafficaccidentshavebecomeasfamiliarasthecommoncold.Yettheir causesandcontrolremainaseriousproblemthatisdifficulttosolve.Expertshavelongrecognizedthatthisdiscouragingproblemhasmanycauses.Attheveryleast,itisaproblemthatinvolvesthreefactors:thedriver,thevehicleandtheroadway.Ifallthedriversexercisedgoodjudgmentatalltimes,therewouldbefewaccidents.Improveddesignhashelpedtomakehighwaysmuchsafer.Butthenumberofaccidentscontinuestorisebecauseofhumanfailureandanenormousincreaseinthenumberofautomobilesontheroad.Attentionisnowturningincreasinglytothethirdcauseoftheaccidents:thecaritself.Peoplewanttoknowhowcarscanbebuiltbettertoprotectthedrivers.Sotherearealsosomenewdriverlesscarsontheroad.Aretheyreallysafe?第二部分阅读理解（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AWiththeapproachingofNewYear,moreandmorevisitorswillcometoChina.Don’tknowwhereyoushouldgo?Herearesomeplacesrecommendedforyou.ShanghaiExpoCultureParkTheShanghaiExpoCultureParkwillsoonopenitsnorthernsectiontothepublic,inwhichthemajorattractionsincludeatraditionalgardenthatissimilarindesigntoShanghai’sfamousYuyuanGardenanda400-meteravenueexhibitingthehistoryofthearea,whileinthesouthernsectionliesagrandtheater.MacaoTowerAJHackettBungeeJumpTheMacaoTower,338meterstall,istheworld’s10thhighesttower,withavarietyofactivities,suchaseatingandentertainment.Oneoftheactivitieswhichenjoygoodfameisthebungeejump.TheAJHackettMacaoTowerBungeeJumpis233metershigh,makingitaGuinnessWorldRecordasthehighestcommercial(商业的)bungeejumpintheworld.Raiseyourarmsandoffyougo!Harbin’sFrozenWorldForthosewhohaveneverbeentoHarbin,thereisanalmostendlesslistofthingstodo.AtHarbinIce—SnowWorld,youcannotonlyseetheworld—famousicearchitecture,butalsohavegreatfun!Youcanhavehotpotattherestaurantswhicharemadeofice,enjoyingtheproductofbothiceandfire,godowntheworld’slongesticeslide(滑梯)andjoininthepopularIceandSnowElectronicMusicFestivaltowelcome2024.Thewinteriscoldandthenightislong,sowhynotgotothetheatre?HarbinwaslistedbytheUnitedNationsasa“musiccity”in2010.HarbinGrandTheateriswhereartisticsoulsdefrost(化霜)alittletosharetheirloveofart. 21．Whereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttodoextremesports?A．ShanghaiExpoCulturePark.B．TheMacaoTower.C．Shangha’sYuyuanGarden.D．HarbinIce—SnowWorld.22．WhatcanvisitorsdoinHarbin’sFrozenWorld?A．Attendafamousmusicfestival.B．Playwithbothiceandfire.C．Turnwaterintoinstantice.D．Learntomakeicearchitecture.23．WhatdoShanghaiExpoCultureParkandHarbin’sFrozenWorldhaveincommon?A．Theyhaveahightower.B．Theyhavealongiceslide.C．Theyhaveagrandtheater.D．Theyhavetraditionalarchitecture.【参考答案】21．B22．A23．C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了中国一些值得游览的地方，包括上海世博文化公园、澳门塔以及哈尔滨冰雪世界等。同时，也提到了哈尔滨被联合国列为“音乐城”的事实，以及哈尔滨大剧院为艺术灵魂提供了一些艺术交流的场所。【详情解析】21．【B】细节理解题。由MacaoTowerAJHackettBungeeJump中的“Oneoftheactivitieswhichenjoygoodfameisthebungeejump.TheAJHackettMacaoTowerBungeeJumpis233metershigh,makingitaGuinnessWorldRecordasthehighestcommercial(商业的)bungeejumpintheworld.(蹦极是享誉盛名的活动之一。AJHackett澳门塔蹦极跳高233米，是世界上商业蹦极跳最高的吉尼斯世界纪录)”可知，如果游客想做极限运动，例如蹦极，他们应该去TheMacaoTower。故选B项。22．【A】细节理解题。由Harbin’sFrozenWorld中的“Youcanhavehotpotattherestaurantswhicharemadeofice,enjoyingtheproductofbothiceandfire,godowntheworld’slongesticeslide(滑梯)andjoininthepopularIceandSnowElectronicMusicFestivaltowelcome2024.(你可以在冰做的餐厅吃火锅，享受冰与火的结合，沿着世界上最长的冰滑道滑下去，参加流行的冰雪电子音乐节，迎接2022年的到来)”可知，在Harbin’sFrozenWorld游客能参加一个著名的音乐节。故选A项。23．【C】细节理解题。由ShanghaiExpoCulturePark中的“whileinthesouthernsectionliesagrandtheater(而南段则有一座大剧院)”和Harbin’sFrozenWorld中的“HarbinGrandTheateriswhereartisticsoulsdefrost(化霜)alittletosharetheirloveofart.(哈尔滨大剧院是艺术灵魂的一处解冻之地，分享他们对艺术的热爱)”可知，ShanghaiExpoCulturePark和Harbin’sFrozenWorld都有一个大剧院。故选C项。 B（2023上·湖北·高一联考英语试题）Thesedays,videosof“divinggrandpas”fromnorthChina’sTianjinarepopularontheInternet.Inthevideos,theyjumpedofftheShizilinBridgeintothe7-meter-deepHaiheRiver.However,onWednesday,theyannouncedthattheywouldgiveupthesport.Withanaverageageof60,thedivinggrandpashavemuchexperienceindiving.Theystartedasagroupoflocaldivinglovers.Theywentswimminginthecity’srivers,andlatertheytriedtheirhandatdiving.Thehobbyhasnowlastedformorethanthirtyyears.VideosontheInternethavedrawnlotsoftouristsfromacrossthecountrytotheShizilinBridgeovertheHaiheRiver,where“divinggrandpas”performdiving.However,someinexperienceddivers,tryingtofollow“divinggrandpas”,havemetwithaccidentsandgotthemselvesinjured.Someofthegrandpashavebegunvolunteeringtokeeporderforthecrowdsthatcometoseetheperformanceonthebridge.However,accidentsstillcontinuedtohappen.Asreported,membersoftheBlueSkyRescueteaminTianjinsaidthattheyrescued14peopleattheriskofdrowningorotherinjuryinjusttwodays.Thegrandpasthenmadeadifficultdecision.Theystoppeddivingoffthebridge.Theyalsopreventedinexperiencedlocalsandchildrenaswellastouristsfromdivingfromthebridge.ThegrandpaswelcomedthetouriststoTianjin,especiallypointingouttheothergreatplacesofinterestanddeliciousfoodaroundtheShizilinBridge.24．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A．Thedivinggrandpasmadealivingbydiving.B．ThedivinggrandpascamefromalloverChina.C．Thedivinggrandpasmadedivingalife-longhobby.D．Thedivinggrandpasbegandivingwhentheywerelittle.25．Whatmadethedivinggrandpasdecidetostopdivingoffthebridge?A．Theweatherbecamecolder.B．Theyweretoooldtocarryoutthetask.C．Thebridgewastoocrowdedwithtourists.D．Theyhopedtopreventaccidentsfromhappening.26．Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribe“divinggrandpas”inTianjin?A．KindandhonestB．Energeticandwarm-heartedC．BraveandtalentedD．Outgoingandoptimistic27．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．DivingbecameapopularactivityinTianjin.B．Divingwithoutguidancemaycauseinjuryordeath. C．“Divinggrandpas”helpedspeeduptourisminTianjin.D．“Divinggrandpas”gaveupdivingfortourists’safety.【参考答案】24．C25．D26．B27．D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了天津狮子林桥的跳水大爷出于无奈停止跳水的故事。跳水大爷们的跳水视频在网上火了后，游客争相模仿、意外频出，为了避免产生更多伤害，大爷们不得不终止跳水活动并当起了志愿者，阻止游客进行跳水尝试。【详情解析】24．【C】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Withanaverageageof60,thedivinggrandpashavemuchexperienceindiving.Theystartedasagroupoflocaldivinglovers.Theywentswimminginthecity’srivers,andlatertheytriedtheirhandatdiving.Thehobbyhasnowlastedformorethanthirtyyears.(这些平均年龄60岁的跳水爷爷在跳水方面经验丰富。他们最初是一群当地的跳水爱好者。他们去城市的河里游泳，后来又试着跳水。这个爱好已经持续了三十多年)”可知，跳水大爷们把跳水发展成了终身爱好。故选C。25．【D】细节理解题。根据第三段中“However,someinexperienceddivers,tryingtofollow“divinggrandpas",havemetwithaccidentsandgotthemselvesinjured.(然而，一些缺乏经验的跳水员，试图跟随“跳水爷爷”，却遇到了事故，导致自己受伤)”和第四段中“Theystoppeddivingoffthebridge.Theyalsopreventedinexperiencedlocalsandchildrenaswellastouristsfromdivingfromthebridge.(他们停止了从桥上跳水。他们还阻止了缺乏经验的当地人、儿童以及游客从桥上跳水)”可知，跳水大爷们为了防止游客模仿发生意外而停止了跳水。故选D。26．【B】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Theystartedasаgroupoflocaldivinglovers.(他们最初是一群当地的跳水爱好者)”可知，跳水爷爷们很有活力；根据第三段中“Someofthegrandpashavebegunvolunteeringtokeeporderforthecrowdsthatcometoseetheperformanceonthebridge.(一些爷爷已经开始自愿为前来观看大桥表演的人群维持秩序)”和第四段中“ThegrandpaswelcomedthetouriststoTianjin,especiallypointingouttheothergreatplacesofinterestanddeliciousfoodaroundtheShizilinBridge.(爷爷们欢迎游客们来到天津，特别指出狮子林大桥周围的其他名胜古迹和美食)”可知，跳水爷爷非常热心肠，所以天津的跳水爷爷是充满活力和热心的。故选B。27．【D】主旨大意题。根据第一段“However,onWednesday,theyannouncedthattheywouldgiveupthesport.(然而，在周三，他们宣布将放弃这项运动)”和全文的主要内容可知，本文主要讲述了跳水大爷为了游客的安全放弃了跳水活动。故选D。 C（2023上·河北保定·高一河北望都中学校联考期中）Marinelife(海洋生物)inFloridaKeysisnegativelyinfluencedbytwoforces:humanactivityandclimatechange.Theformerinvolvesfishing,tourismanddivingwhilethelattercausesalargeincreaseinintensehurricanes.Fortunately,whentheresearchersofFloridaMuseumofNaturalHistorystartedlookingforseaurchins(海胆)ontheoceanflooroffthecoastofFloridaKeysinthesummerof2020,theyuncoveredtheirpopulationhadrelativelybeenstablesincethe1960s.Theresearchersvisited27sitesalonga20-milestretchofcoastnearFloridaKeyslookingfortracksthatreflectedthepresenceofburrowingechinoids(穴居海胆类动物).“Thefindingsthatburrowingechinoidshavebeenhighlyresilient(有适应力的)againstclimatechangeandenvironmentalpollutionoverthelast60yearswasahugediscoveryforus.”saidstudyco-authorTobiasGrun.Grunsaid,“However,weknowlittleabouttheircurrentdistribution,populationsize,andhealth.Thereasonisnotthelackofinterestbythescientificcommunitybutliesinthatfieldworkisveryexpensive.”Astheclimatecrisisprogresses,it’simportanttounderstandwhysomemarinecreaturesaremoreresilientinbearingtheimpactsofaworseningenvironmentthanothers.Grunsaid,“Evolutionmaybeatplay.Somemarineanimalsareveryopportunistic.TheycantolerateawiderangeofabioticfactorslikepH,temperature,andsalinity,tonameafew.”Grunadded,“Atthispoint,ourdatashowthatburrowingechinoidsaremoreresilientthanmanyothermarinespeciesandaredoingcomparativelywell.Thatdoesnotmeanthatwecanpushourluckandkeepgoingthewaywearerightnow.Ourstudyprovidessomehopethatthesecreaturesareresilient,butmuchmoreworkisneededtotranslateourfindingsintoalargerscale.Thereasonsfortheirresiliencearealsowidelyunknown.”28．WhichhasaneffectonthemarinelifeinFloridaKeys?A．Wildfire.B．Pollution.C．Fishing.D．Flood.29．WhatdidGrunthinkofthefindings?A．Indifferent.B．Important.C．Subjective.D．Outdated30．WhatwasachallengefortheresearchaccordingtoGrun?A．Thegoal.B．ThestaffC．ThecostD．Theusage31．WhatdoesGruntellusinthelastparagraph?A．It’snecessarytodofurtherresearch.B．It’srighttokeepgoingthepresentway.C．Thereasonsforseaurchins’resiliencearewellknown. D．Fisharemoreresilientthanothermarinespecies.【参考答案】28．C29．B30．C31．A【语篇解读】本文是说明文。研究人员发现，FloridaKeys的海胆数量相对稳定，这对研究海洋生态系统有重要意义。【详情解析】28．【C】细节理解题。根据第一段“Marinelife(海洋生物)inFloridaKeysisnegativelyinfluencedbytwoforces:humanactivityandclimatechange.Theformerinvolvesfishing,tourismanddivingwhilethelattercausesalargeincreaseinintensehurricanes.(FloridaKeys的海洋生物受到两个力量的负面影响：人类活动和气候变化。前者涉及渔业、旅游和潜水，而后者导致强烈飓风的数量大幅增加)”可知，捕鱼业对FloridaKeys的海洋生物有负面作用。故选C项。29．【B】推理判断题。根据第二段“Theresearchersvisited27sitesalonga20-milestretchofcoastnearFloridaKeyslookingfortracksthatreflectedthepresenceofburrowingechinoids(穴居海胆类动物).“Thefindingsthatburrowingechinoidshavebeenhighlyresilient(有适应力的)againstclimatechangeandenvironmentalpollutionoverthelast60yearswasahugediscoveryforus.”saidstudyco-authorTobiasGrun.(研究人员在FloridaKeys附近的沿海20英里范围内的27个地点进行了访问，寻找反映穴居海胆类动物存在的痕迹。研究合著者托比亚斯·格伦表示：“我们发现，在过去60年里，穴居海胆对气候变化和环境污染的适应能力很强，这对我们来说是一个巨大的发现。”)”可知，格伦认为这些发现很重要。故选B项。30．【C】推理判断题。根据第三段“Grunsaid,“However,weknowlittleabouttheircurrentdistribution,populationsize,andhealth.Thereasonisnotthelackofinterestbythescientificcommunitybutliesinthatfieldworkisveryexpensive.”(格伦说：“然而，我们对它们当前的分布、种群规模和健康状况知之甚少。原因并不是科学界缺乏兴趣，而是实地调查非常昂贵。”)”可知，格伦对穴居海胆类动物的分布、种群规模和健康状况知之甚少，是因为实地调查非常昂贵，推知费用是这项研究面临的挑战。故选C项。31．【A】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Grunadded,“Atthispoint,ourdatashowthatburrowingechinoidsaremoreresilientthanmanyothermarinespeciesandaredoingcomparativelywell.Thatdoesnotmeanthatwecanpushourluckandkeepgoingthewaywearerightnow.Ourstudyprovidessomehopethatthesecreaturesareresilient,butmuchmoreworkisneededtotranslateourfindingsintoalargerscale.Thereasonsfortheirresiliencearealsowidelyunknown.”(格伦补充说：“ 目前，我们的数据显示，穴居海胆比许多其他海洋物种更具适应能力，并且状况相对较好。但这并不意味着我们可以一直保持现状而不受后果。我们的研究为这些生物的有适应力提供了一些希望，但还需要进行更多工作将我们的发现扩大到更大的范围。它们适应力的原因也很大程度上不为人所知。”)”可知，格伦觉得还需要进行更多工作将他们的发现扩大到更大的范围，也就是做进一步的研究。故选A项。D（2023上·湖南·高一联考英语试题）SeaiceintheAntarctic(南极)areafelltoarecordlowthisyear.Thedropisaresultofrisingtemperaturesworldwide.Andthereisnoquickmethodtomakeupfortheicedrop,andtherecovery(恢复)hasalongwaytogo,scientistssaidrecentlyinanewstudy.Antarctica’ssmallestsummericecoverfellfurthertoanewlowinFebruary.Thisyear’sseaiceminimum(最小值)is20percentlowerthantheaverage(平均值)overthelast40years.Theseaicelossequalsanareanearly10timesthatofNewZealand.ThewarmingofEarth’ssurfacedrivenbytheburningofcoal,gasandoilhasmadeAntarcticamorelikelytosufferfromextreme(极端的)events.Andtheresultisalmost“certain”togetworse,thestudysaid.Climatechangewill“leadtoincreasesinthesizeandrate”ofheatwaves,brokeniceshelvesanddropsinseaice,itsaid.TheeffectsoftheEarth’swarmingonAntarcticaandthesurroundingoceanhavebeenuncertain.ScientistshavehadproblemsmeasuringhowmuchtheEarth’swarmingisalteringthethicknessofAntarcticice.Butfromeventssuchasthefastdropinseaice,itis“scientificallyreasonable”tosupposethatextremeeventsaregoingtobecomeworseastemperaturesriseworldwide,saidMartinSiegertoftheUniversityofExeter,anotherstudyco-writer.Siegertdescribedthetemperatureincreaseascompletelysurprising.SiegertaddedthatluckilytheeventhadhappenedduringtheAntarcticwinter,insteadofsummer,oritwouldhavecausedmelting(融化)onthesurfaceoftheEastAntarcticicecover,whichhassofarbeensavedfrommelting.Siegertusedtheterm“fragile”,meaningeasilybrokenordamaged,todescribeAntarctica.“Antarcticaisfragileasanenvironment,butextremeeventstestthatfragility,”hesaid.32．WhatdothescientiststhinkoftherecoveryofAntarcticseaice?A．Itishopeful.B．Itisdifficult.C．Itisonitsway.D．Itcan’tbeprevented.33．WhydoestheauthormentionNewZealand?A．Toexplainthesizeofseaiceloss.B．Toshowthepositionoficecover.C．TodescribehowfarAntarcticais.D．TostateseaiceisconnectedtoNewZealand.34．Whatdoestheunderlinedword”altering“inparagraph4mean? A．Adding.B．Pressing.C．Changing.D．Protecting.35．WhatmighthavecausedworseresultsaccordingtoSiegert?A．Antarcticseaiceisrecoveringtooslowly.B．TheAntarcticicecoveriscontinuouslymoving.C．TheenvironmentofAntarcticaiseasytobreak.D．ExtremeeventshappeninAntarcticsummer.【参考答案】32．B33．A34．C35．D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章谈论的话题是南极洲的海冰降至历史最低点。这种下降是全球气温上升的结果。科学家们在最近的一项新研究中说，没有什么快速的办法来弥补冰的下降。【详情解析】32．【B】细节理解题。根据第一段的内容“Andthereisnoquickmethodtomakeupfortheicedrop,andtherecovery(恢复)hasalongwaytogo,scientistssaidrecentlyinanewstudy.(科学家们在最近的一项新研究中说，没有快速的方法来弥补冰的下降，恢复还有很长的路要走)”可知，南极海冰的恢复是很困难的。故选B。33．【A】推理判断题。根据第二段的内容“Thisyear’sseaiceminimum(最小值)is20percentlowerthantheaverage(平均值)overthelast40years.Theseaicelossequalsanareanearly10timesthatofNewZealand.(今年的海冰最小值比过去40年的平均值低20%。海冰损失相当于新西兰面积的近10倍)”可知，作者提到了新西兰来解释海冰损失的规模。故选A。34．【C】词句猜测题。根据此处前文“measuringhowmuchtheEarth’swarming(测量地球变暖的程度)”以及后文“thethicknessofAntarcticice.(南极冰的厚度)”的内容可知，地球变暖会改变对南极冰层厚度程度。此处altering的意思是“改变”,与changing是同义词。故选C。35．【D】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容“SiegertaddedthatluckilytheeventhadhappenedduringtheAntarcticwinter,insteadofsummer,oritwouldhavecausedmelting(融化)onthesurfaceoftheEastAntarcticicecover,whichhassofarbeensavedfrommelting.(西格特补充说，幸运的是，这一事件发生在南极的冬季，而不是夏季，否则它将导致南极东部冰盖表面融化，到目前为止，南极东部冰盖还没有融化)”可知，如果发生在夏季，有可能会发生极端事件。故选D。第二节：（共5小题,每小题2.5分,共12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 SomeWinterActivitiesWinteractivitiesareunderestimated(低估).Thedaysmaybeshorter,butthelistoffunactivitiesisn’t.Don’tletthewinterbluestakeover.36Findingyourfavourite.37Nobodylikescardio(有氧运动)foralongtime,butsigningupforanadultsportsteam,ortakingayogaclassontheweekendcanbeafunwaytobreakuptheboredomofgoingtothegym.Recreational(娱乐的)sportsarealsoagreatwaytomeetnewpeople.Walkingonsnow.38Walkingwithsnowshoesisfriendlytobeginners,andsuitableforkidsandseniorsalike.Youcanbuyasetforunder$100orrentsomefortheafternoon.Takeafriendorwalkalonetoenjoythepeacefulnessoftheoutdoorsinwinter.Skiing.Thosethatloveitreallyloveit.Hittingtheskihillsisanoldwintertimetradition.Itgetsyououtside,boostsyourmood,andservesasacoreworkout.Youdon’tneedthelatestgear(设备)tobeabletohavefun.39Ifyou’refeelingtiredoftoomuchindoortime,getyourheartpumpingatanearbyskihill.40Takinganonlineclass,orpickingupaninstrumentforthefirsttime,canbeincrediblyrewarding.Expandingyourprofessionalskillcandowondersforyourfuturejobprospects.Itmaytakealittleplanning,butconsiderlearningsomethingnewthisseason.A．Gotothegym.B．Learningsomething.C．Mostskifieldsrentgeartoo.D．Beactiveandtrythesewinteractivities.E．Thefollowingarethingsyoucandoathome.F．Youneedn’tbeanathletetoenjoythisseasonalactivity.G．Thekeytokeepinghealthyisfindingwhatyouenjoydoing.【参考答案】36．D37．G38．F39．C40．B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些可以在冬季进行的活动。【详情解析】36．【D】前文“Thedaysmaybeshorter,butthelistoffunactivitiesisn’t.Don’tletthewinterbluestakeover.(白天可能更短，但有趣的活动清单却不是。不要让冬天的忧郁占据上风。)”讲述了冬天也有一些有趣的活动，所以不要让冬天的阴霾笼罩自己，空处应承上启下，引出接下来的一些活动，D项“ 活跃起来，尝试这些冬季活动。”符合题意。故选D。37．【G】前文“Findingyourfavourite.(找到你最喜欢的事情。)”是本段主旨句，讲述了要找到自己最喜欢做的事情，G项“保持健康的关键是找到你喜欢做的事情。”与主题相照应。故选G。38．【F】后文“Walkingwithsnowshoesisfriendlytobeginners,andsuitableforkidsandseniorsalike.(穿着雪鞋走路对初学者很友好，适合儿童和老年人。)”讲述了穿着雪鞋走路对初学者很友好，所以空处应是说不需要成为运动员就可以做这项活动，F项“你不必是一名运动员就可以享受这种季节性的活动。”符合题意。故选F。39．【C】前文“Youdon’tneedthelatestgear(设备)tobeabletohavefun.(你不需要最新的装备就能玩得开心。)”讲述了没必要购买最新的装备，空处应说有其他获得装备的方式，C项“大多数滑雪场也租装备。”符合题意。故选C。40．【B】空处是本段主旨句。根据后文“Takinganonlineclass,orpickingupaninstrumentforthefirsttime,canbeincrediblyrewarding.Expandingyourprofessionalskillcandowondersforyourfuturejobprospects.Itmaytakealittleplanning,butconsiderlearningsomethingnewthisseason.(参加在线课程，或者第一次学乐器，都会带来难以置信的回报。扩展你的专业技能可以为你未来的工作前景创造奇迹。这可能需要一些规划，但可以考虑在这个季节学习一些新的东西。)”可知，本段主要是讲述学习新东西的好处，所以B项“学一些东西。”符合题意。故选B。第三部分语言运用（共四节,满分55分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分,共15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（2023上·新疆塔城·高一乌苏市第一中学联考英语试题）Thesunwasshiningbrightlyoverourheadsandsweat(汗水)waspouringoffourbacksandfaces.Westoodstillwithout41anynoise,allhotandtired.Buteveryonekeptstandingasstraightastrees.Itwas42mosthighschoolsgivetonewSeniorOnestudents—militarytraining.Wespentfourdaysinaclosedenvironment.43wecouldn’tgohomeatnightandthetrainingwas44anddifficult,ourhumorousyoungdrillmaster(教官)withafunnyaccentwasareal45ofourdays.Welaughed46hisjokes,satinrowssingingdifferentsongsandlistenedtohimtellingtruestoriesabouthislife.Hegaveusthefeelingthat47andsweatwerenottheonlythingsthatwereceivedfrommilitarytraining.Afterthisjourney,weweremore48thanwehadimaginedandweweremuchbraverthanwehadexpected.Girlswholookedpalerestedforalittlewhile,then49camebacktotheteam.Boyswhowerebeingpunished50totheplaygroundatonceandbegantorun.Sweatfloweddownourfaces51we thoughtabouthowtoshout52thanotherclasses.Militarytraining(军训)taughtusperseverance(坚持不懈)anddetermination.Onthelastdayofourtraining,theconfidencecouldbe53inourfaces.Weshoutedsoloudthatour54couldbeheardacrosstheheavens.Witheyeslikeburningtorches(火炬),wewalkedintothefuture.Nowthesunis55atallofus:41．A．cryingB．makingC．sendingD．telling42．A．nothingB．anythingC．somethingD．everything43．A．BecauseB．IfC．AlthoughD．After44．A．strictB．curiousC．interestingD．normal45．A．successB．pleasureC．worryD．wonder46．A．atB．inC．toD．with47．A．sunlightB．wealthC．desireD．health48．A．concernedB．determinedC．interestedD．surprised49．A．justnowB．sofarC．rightawayD．atpresent50．A．escapedB．movedC．rodeD．rushed51．A．soB．whenC．orD．until52．A．largerB．strongerC．louderD．lower53．A．seenB．heardC．smeltD．touched54．A．thoughtsB．feelingsC．opinionsD．voices55．A．travelingB．fallingC．settingD．smiling【参考答案】41．B42．C43．C44．A45．B46．A47．A48．B49．C50．D51．B52．C53．A54．D55．D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者高一军训的经历，同学们在军训时虽然经受了酷热和汗水，但这也让他们学会了坚持不懈、坚韧、自信。【详情解析】41．【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们一动不动地站着，不制造出一点声音，全都又热又累。A.crying哭；B.making制造；C.sending发送；D.telling告诉。根据空后的“anynoise”可知，我们没有发出一点噪音。makeanoise意为“制造噪音”。故选B。42．【C】考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：这是大多数高中给高一新生的一件东西——军训。A.nothing 没什么；B.anything任何事情；C.something某事，某物；D.everything一切，所有事物。根据句中的“militarytraining”可知，这里指军训是大多数学校为高一新生安排的一件事情。故选C。43．【C】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然晚上不能回家，训练又严又难，但我们幽默风趣、口音滑稽的年轻教官给我们的日子带来了真正的乐趣。A.Because因为；B.If如果；C.Although尽管；D.After在……以后。“wecouldn’tgohomeatnightandthetrainingwas　　44　　anddifficult”和“ourhumorousyoungdrillmaster(教官)withafunnyaccentwasareal　　45　　ofourdays”前后句之间是转折关系，应用although引导让步状语从句。故选C。44．【A】考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.strict严格的；B.curious好奇的；C.interesting有趣的；D.normal正常的。根据and后的形容词“difficult”可知，and前后连接的词表达的情感态度应一致，所以这里说训练是严格的。故选A。45．【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意参考第3题。A.success成功；B.pleasure高兴，乐事；C.worry担心；D.wonder惊奇，奇观。根据句中的“ourhumorousyoungdrillmaster(教官)withafunnyaccent”可知，年轻幽默、口音滑稽的教官给学生们带来了快乐。故选B。46．【A】考查介词词义辨析。句意：我们听了他的笑话哈哈大笑，坐成一排唱着不同的歌，听他讲述自己生活的真实故事。A.at朝，向；B.in在……里面；C.to向，朝；D.with和……在一起。根据空前的“laughed”和空后的“hisjokes”可知，我们对教官讲的笑话哈哈大笑。laughat...意为“因……而发笑”，为固定搭配。故选A。47．【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他让我们感觉，我们从军训中得到的不仅仅是日晒和汗水。A.sunlight阳光；B.wealth财富；C.desire渴望；D.health健康。根据and后的“sweat”可知，空处所填词应和sweat表达相近，结合上文中的“allhotandtired”可知，这里是说军训不只有日晒和汗水。故选A。48．【B】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次军训后，我们比我们想象的更坚定，我们比以为的更勇敢。A.concerned担心的；B.determined坚定的；C.interested有趣的；D.surprised惊讶的。根据下文“weweremuchbraver”可知，我们变得比想象中的更加勇敢和坚定。且下文“Militarytraining(军训)taughtusperseverance(坚持不懈)anddetermination.”也是提示。故选B。49．【C】考查固定短语辨析。句意：看起来苍白的女孩休息了一小会儿，然后马上就回到了队伍中。A.justnow刚才；B.sofar到目前为止；C.rightaway立刻，马上；D.atpresent现在。根据句中的“restedforalittlewhile”和空后的“camebacktotheteam”可知，面色苍白的女孩儿们休息一小会儿后就立刻归队。故选C。50．【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意：正在被惩罚的男孩立刻奔向操场，并开始跑。A.escaped逃跑；B.moved移动；C.rode骑；D.rushed冲，奔。根据句中的“atonceandbegantorun” 可知，被惩罚的男孩立刻奔向操场。故选D。51．【B】考查连词词义辨析。句意：当我们思考如何喊得比其他班响亮时，汗水顺着脸流下来。A.so因此；B.when当……时；C.or或者；D.until直到……为止。根据句意可知，这里表示当我们思考时，汗水顺着脸庞流了下来，所以这里应用when引导时间状语从句。故选B。52．【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.larger更大的；B.stronger更强的；C.louder更响的；D.lower更低的。根据下文的“Weshoutedsoloud”可知，我们思考如何使喊的声音比其他班大。故选C。53．【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在军训的最后一天，我们脸上能看到自信。A.seen看见；B.heard听见；C.smelt闻到；D.touched触摸，碰。根据空后的“inourfaces”可知，自信在我们脸上能看到。故选A。54．【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的喊声非常响亮，以至于我们的声音响彻云霄。A.thoughts思想；B.feelings感情；C.opinions观点；D.voices嗓音。根据句中的“shouted”可知，这里指同学们喊的声音响彻云霄，指人的声音应用voice。故选D。55．【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在太阳正冲着我们所有人微笑。A.traveling旅游；B.falling落下；C.setting设置；D.smiling微笑。根据前文中的“Militarytraining(军训)taughtusperseverance(坚持不懈)anddetermination.Onthelastdayofourtraining,theconfidencecouldbe　　53　　inourfaces.(军训教会了我们毅力和决心。在我们训练的最后一天，我们的脸上可以看到自信。)”和“Witheyeslikeburningtorches(火炬),wewalkedintothefuture.(目如火炬，我们走进了未来。)”可知，军训后大家学会了坚持不懈和坚韧，变得有自信了，一开始太阳是炙烤着大家，但军训结束后大家感觉太阳正冲着他们微笑，这反映了他们心态的变化。故选D。第二节语篇语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Althoughsometimesitmayseemimpossibletogetalongasafamily,youcantakeaction56(improve)thesituation.Thekeyto57(keep)thepeaceisregularandhonestcommunication.Whenyoudisagreewithyourparents,takeaminutetocalmdownandtrytounderstandthesituation58theirpointofview.Perhapsthey59(experience)somethingsimilaranddonotwantyoutogothrough60samepain.Afteryouhavethoughtitthrough,explainyouractionsandfeelings61  (calm),listencarefully,andaddresstheirconcerns.Throughthiskindofhealthy62(dicuss),youwilllearnwhentobackdown63whentoaskyourparentstorelaxtheircontrol.Justrememberthatitiscompletelynormaltostrugglewiththestressthatparent-child64(tension)create,andthatyouandyourparentscanworktogethertoimprove65(you)relationship. 【参考答案】56．toimprove57．keeping58．from59．haveexperienced60．the61．calmly62．discussion63．and64．tensions65．your【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了家庭中有时会出现矛盾问题，但通过有效沟通可以改善关系。并提到了如何保持沟通和理解对方，以及如何处理家长与孩子之间的紧张关系，最终共同努力改善家庭关系的方法。【详情解析】56．考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然有时看起来像一个家庭是不可能和睦相处的，但你可以采取行动来改善这种情况。句中takeactiontodo为固定短语，意为“采取行动去做某事”，使用不定式结构。故填toimprove。57．考查非谓语动词。句意：保持和平的关键是定期和诚实的沟通。分析句子，设空处置于介词to之后，故使用动名词作宾语。故填keeping。58．考查介词。句意：当你不同意你的父母，花一分钟冷静下来，试着从他们的角度来理解情况。句中fromone’spointofview为固定短语，意为“从某人的角度来看”。故填from。59．考查动词。句意：也许他们经历过类似的事情，不想让你经历同样的痛苦。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据句意，此处表示动作发生在过去对现在有影响，故使用现在完成时。故填haveexperienced。60．考查冠词。句意：同上。分析句子，句中thesamepain表示特指，意为“相同的痛苦”。故填the。61．考查副词。句意：在你想清楚之后，冷静地解释你的行为和感受，仔细倾听，并解决他们的担忧。分析句子，设空处使用calm的副词作状语，修饰动词explain，意为“冷静地”。故填calmly。62．考查名词。句意：通过这种健康的讨论，你将学会什么时候退让，什么时候要求父母放松他们的控制。分析句子，设空处使用discuss的名词discussion作宾语，意为“讨论”。故填discussion。63．考查连词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用连词连接前后两个when+todo的结构。此处表示并列关系，用and。故填and。64．考查名词。句意：只要记住，与亲子关系紧张带来的压力作斗争是完全正常的，你和你的父母可以共同努力改善你们的关系。分析句子，设空处使用名词作主语，tension意为“紧张”，此处为可数名词，表示复数意义。故填tensions。65．考查代词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用you的形容词性物主代词your作定语，修饰relationship。故填your。 第三节单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）66．Iam(frighten)ofthunder.【答案】frightened【详解】考查形容词。句意：我害怕打雷。空处应用形容词，作表语，修饰指人的主语I，所以应用frightened，意为“害怕的”，befrightenedof意为“害怕”，为固定搭配。故填frightened。67．Itisnotunusualforteenagersofyourgeneration(attract)tocomputergamesandtheonlineworld.【答案】tobeattracted【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对于你们这一代的青少年来说，被电脑游戏和网络世界所吸引并不罕见。该句子为固定句型itbe+形容词+forsb.todosth.，意为“对于某人来说，做某事是……”，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，且attract和其逻辑主语teenagersofyourgeneration是被动关系，此处表示被吸引，应用不定式的被动语态，故填tobeattracted。68．—Hi,Linda,whatareyoudoing?—Hi,David.I(prepare)forthetesttomorrow.【答案】ampreparing【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：—你好，琳达，你在干什么?—你好，大卫。我正在准备明天的考试。根据上文“whatareyoudoing?(你在干什么?)”可知，本句时态应该用现在进行时，谓语动词用be+doing结构，又因为主语为I，所以be动词用am。故填ampreparing。69．Timwriteshisparentsanemaileveryweekandtellsthemhappenedontheship.【答案】what【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：Tim每周给他的父母写一封电子邮件，告诉他们船上发生的事情。“____happenedontheship”为名词性从句作动词tells的宾语，设空处引导名词性从句，在从句中作主语，表示“船上发生的事情”，设空处应填连接代词what。故填what。70．My(apply)formgotlostinthepost.【答案】application【详解】考查名词。句意：我的申请表在邮寄过程中丢失了。分析句子可知，form为句子的主语，apply对应的名词application，作定语修饰名词form，applicationform意思为：申请表。故填application。71．Heisresponsibleyoursafety.【答案】for【详解】考查介词。句意：他对你的安全负责。此处是固定搭配：beresponsiblefor意为“对……负责”。故填for。 72．Therestaurantispopularwiththelocalpeople,(particular)amongyoungpeople.【答案】particularly【详解】考查副词。句意：这家餐馆很受当地人的欢迎，尤其是年轻人。根据amongyoungpeople可知，此处应用副词particularly“尤其”强调副词修饰介词作状语。故填particularly。73．It(recognise)thatthissolutionistemporaryandwecan’tsolvetheproblem.【答案】isrecognized【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：人们承认，这个解决方案是暂时的，我们无法解决这个问题。根据句意和空后的is可知，本句用一般现在时。分析句子结构可知，It为形式主语，that引导主语从句，且recognise“承认”和主语It为被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态isrecognized。Itisrecognizedthat意为“人们承认”。故填isrecognized。74．Withhiseyes(focus)onhisscreen,hedidn’tnoticemeenterhisstudio.【答案】focused【详解】考查with的复合结构和非谓语动词。句意：他的眼睛聚焦在屏幕上，没有注意到我进入了他的工作室。focusone’seyeson“把眼睛集聚焦在”。分析句子结构可知，本句用了with复合结构，即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，且hiseyes与focus为被动关系，故用过去分词focused，作with宾语补足语。故填focused。75．TheywereheadingtowardsthestairwayatthefarendofthecorridorJanesuddenlystopped.【答案】when【详解】考查连词。句意：他们正朝走廊尽头的楼梯走去，简突然停了下来。bedoing...when...正在做某事的时候，突然……。根据句意，故填when。第四节根据提示翻译句子（共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分）76．我宁愿干活也不愿坐在那里无所事事。（prefer）_______________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Iprefertoworkratherthansittheredoingnothing【详解】考查动词短语。根据汉语提示，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时；表示“宁愿做某事而不愿做另一件事”用prefertodoratherthando；表示“工作”用work；表示“坐在那里”用sitthere；表示“无所事事”用donothing，此处使用现在分词作状语。故翻译为Iprefertoworkratherthansittherdoingnothing.77．花太多时间在智能手机上会让青少年容易成为低头一族(face-downgeneration)。(V-ing.作主语;makeitadj.todo)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Spendingtoomuchtimeonsmartphonesmakesiteasyforteenagerstobecomeaface-downgeneration.【详解】考查动名词短语作主语、时态、it作形式宾语和不定式作真正宾语。表示“花费时间在……上”应用动词短语spendtimeon...，此处应用动名词短语作主语；表示“智能手机”应用名词短语smartphones，作宾语；表示“使；让；叫”应用动词make，作谓语，其后可接it作形式宾语，形容词easy作宾语补足语，不定式作真正的宾语的结构，动名词短语作主语时谓语动词用单数形式，此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时；表示“青少年”应用名词teenagers，作宾语；表示“成为低头一族”应用动词短语becomeaface-downgeneration，此处应用不定式形式作真正的宾语。故翻译为Spendingtoomuchtimeonsmartphonesmakesiteasyforteenagerstobecomeaface-downgeneration.76．无论迈克尔·乔丹(MichaelJordan)经历过多少次失败，他都永远不会放弃。(让步状语从句)__________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】NomatterhowmanytimesMichaelJordanfailed,henevergaveup.【详解】考查状语从句和时态。表示“无论多少次”应用Nomatterhowmanytimes，引导让步状语从句，从句主语为MichaelJordan，表示“失败”应用fail，此处用一般过去时；主句主语为he；表示“永远不会放弃”翻译为nevergiveup，为一般过去时。故翻译为NomatterhowmanytimesMichaelJordanfailed,henevergaveup.77．这些父母在地震中丧生的孩子，即将在明天搭乘飞机去北京。(含定从以及运用“现在进行时”结构)__________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Thesechildren,whoseparentswerekilledintheearthquake,areflyingtoBeijingtomorrow.【详解】考查定语从句和时态。分析可知，“这些孩子即将在明天搭乘飞机去北京”为主句，主语是thesechildren，谓语“飞往”用flyto表达，句子陈述将来的事情，fly是位移动词，可用现在进行时表将来；“父母在地震中丧生的”处理为修饰children的定语从句，代替先行词作parents的定语，应用关系代词whose引导从句，谓语动词“丧身”用kill表示，陈述过去的事实，且和主语parents是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为Thesechildren,whoseparentswerekilledintheearthquake,areflyingtoBeijingtomorrow.78．郎平不仅为国家赢得了荣誉和荣耀，还给我们树立了一个好榜样。（notonly…butalso…倒装句，setanexample）_________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】NotonlydidLangPingwinhonorandgloryforthecountry,butshealsosetagoodexampleforus.【详解】考查时态和倒装句。根据汉语可知，句子在描述过去发生的事情，时态宜用一般过去时。结合提示可知，句子整体结构用notonly…butalso…，且notonly放在句首引起部分倒装。“ 郎平不仅为国家赢得了荣誉和荣耀”部分，“郎平”用LangPing，“为国家赢得了荣誉和荣耀”可用动词短语wonhonorandgloryforthecountry，“不仅”notonly放在句首引起部分倒装，助动词用did，放在notonly和LangPing之间，won变为原形win；“还给我们树立了一个好榜样”部分，用代词she作主语，放在but和also之间，结合提示的短语可知，“给我们树立了一个好榜样”可用动词短语setagoodexampleforus。故可翻译为：NotonlydidLangPingwinhonorandgloryforthecountry,butshealsosetagoodexampleforus.第四部分写作（满分15分）假定你是高一学生李华，上了高中之后，你在英语学习上遇到了困难，写信向你的英国朋友Frank寻求建议，向他寻求学习英语的方法，希望得到他的帮助。要求包含以下内容：1．单词多又长，很难记住；               2．课文太长，难以背诵(recite)；3．用英语写作时，总会犯一些语法错误；   4.  ……注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加内容，以使行文连贯。DearFrank,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.                                                               Yourssincerely,                                                     LiHua【参考答案】DearFrank,MynameisLiHua.I’mwritingalettertoyoutoaskforsomeadviceonEnglishlearning.IhavemetwithmanydifficultiesinlearningEnglishsinceIenteredseniorhighschool.Firstofall,Ifindourtextbookfullofnewwordswhichareverydifficultformetoremember.Besides,thetextsaretoolongformetorecite.What’smore,Ihavegreatdifficultyinwritingandalwaysmakemanymistakesingrammar.Lastbutnotleast,mylisteningandspeakingabilityisweak,makingmedobadlyinlisteningandspeakingexams.Idon’tknow whattodonow.WouldyouliketointroducemesomeadvicesothatIcanlearnEnglishmoreeasily?Iwouldgreatlyappreciateyourtimelyhelp.Yourssincerely,LiHua【语篇解读】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于你在英语学习上遇到了困难，写信向你的英国朋友Frank寻求建议，向他寻求学习英语的方法，希望得到他的帮助。【详情解析】1.词汇积累建议：advice→suggestion偶然遇到：meetwith→comeacross此外：Besides→Furthermore错误：mistakes→faults2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Lastbutnotleast,mylisteningandspeakingabilityisweak,makingmedobadlyinlisteningandspeakingexams.拓展句：Lastbutnotleast,mylisteningandspeakingabilityisweak,whichmakesmedobadlyinlisteningandspeakingexams.【点睛】【高分句型1】Firstofall,Ifindourtextbookfullofnewwordswhichareverydifficultformetoremember.(运用了关系代词which引导的限制性定语从句)