福建省厦门第一中学2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题（Word版附答案）

厦门一中2023-2024学年高一上学期第二次适应性练习英语第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteswerecreatedtocelebrateandsafeguardthemostuniqueplacesaroundtheworld.Belowaremy4favoriteUNESCOWorldHeritageSites.CinqueTerre,ItalyWithcarsbannedhere,you’llreallygettofeeltheuniquehistoryandcharacteroftheCinqueTerre’sfivecenturies-oldcoastalvillages.Thebreathtakingviewsofharbors（港口）farbelowthewildcoastlinealongwiththerichcolorswilldefinitelymakeitamemorableholiday.AngkorWat,CambodiaAngkorWatistheworld’slargestreligious（宗教的）monumentanditcontainsimpressiveremainsfromtheKhmerEmpire（9thto15thcentury）.ThesitehasdozensoficonictempleslikeTaProhm（amagnificenttempleruinhiddeninthejungle）.Hostingmorethantwomillionvisitorsannually,thisartisticmasterpieceisamust-seesite.Petra,JordanPetra’srock-cutarchitecturehascontributedtoitsnickname,theRoseCity,basedonthecolorofthestoneitwascarvedfrom.Thedelicateconstructionsoftemplesandtombsalongwiththeremainsofchurchesandtemplesareonlyacoupleofreasonswhythisworld-famoussiteisamust-visitdestination.YellowstoneNationalPark,USAYellowstone’svastwildernessincludesmountainranges,lakesandwaterfalls.OneofthemainreasonsfortouriststovisitYellowstoneistoobservetheamazingwildlifelikegrizzlybear,bison,bighornsheepwandertheplainsandvalleys.Foradailymomentoftravelinspiration,clickheretofollowme.21.Wherecantouristsenjoybeautifulharborviews?A.InCinqueTerre.B.InAngkorWat.C.InPetra.D.InYellowstoneNationalPark.22.WhatdoAngkorWatandPetrahaveincommon?A.Colorfulstones.B.Religiousrelics.C.Coastalvillages.D.Amazingwildlife.23.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Anewsreport.B.Awildlifebrochure.C.Atravelblog.D.Acultureguidebook.B WhenIhandedmydaughteracopyofKingoftheWindbyMargueriteHenry,shelookedskeptical.ShereluctantlyagreedtoreaditwithmeafterItoldheritwasoneofmyfavoritestorieswhenIwasherage,andherskepticismquicklymorphedintoenthusiasmasshefellinlovewiththebook.Watchingherconnecttothestorybroughtbackafloodofmemoriesaboutmyfirsttimereadingthebook.Itwaslikeintroducingmydaughtertoamuchyoungerversionofmyself.Ihighlyrecommendotherparentssharetheirfavoritechildhoodbooks,asweetactivitywithlotsofbenefits.Everynight,Isitontheendofmydaughters’bedsandreadthemthestoriesI’vecherishedfordecades.Thisdistraction-freetimegivesmykidsthechancetoaskquestionsaboutthebookwe’rereading,the“oldendays”whenIwasakid,andwhateverelseisontheirminds.My9-year-oldespeciallyadoresthistimetogetherandthedeeperconnectionshefeelstoherfamilybecauseofit.Readingherabookthatholdssignificantmeaningformebringsustogetherinawholenewway.There’snothingbetterthanwatchingmykids’reactionstobooksI’velovedmyentirelife.TheychatteredwithexcitementwhenCharliefoundhisgoldenticketinRoaldDahl’sclassicandpulledthecoversovertheirblushingfaceswhenAlmanzoaskedLauraifhecouldwalkherhomeintheLittleHouseseries.Inthesemoments,itfeelslikeI’mreachingthroughtimeandconnectingmychildhoodwiththeirs.Everygenerationhasbooksthatdefinethem.Formykids,it’smostlyfantasyandrealisticfiction.Byreadingmychildhoodfavoritestothem,mykidsstepoutsidetheircomfortzonesandtrynewgenres,authors,andwritingstyles.My9-year-olddidn’tknowshelovedfolkloreuntilwereadmyfavoritecollectionofJapanesechildren’sstoriestogether.My11-year-oldbecameobsessedwithwildernesssurvivalstorieswhenIreadScottO’Dell’sIslandoftheBlueDolphinstoher.24.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedwordinthefirstparagraph?A.changedB.translatedC.builtD.burnt25.Howdoesreadingtogetherinfluencetheauthorandhisdaughters?A.Theydontunderstandeachother.B.Theyforgettheirunhappinessinthepast.C.Theybecomeclosertoeachother.D.Theygetboredwitheachother.26.Whatarethekids’responsestothebookstheauthorlovedinhischildhood?A.Theyareexcitedandpleased.B.Theyareboredbutcurious.C.Theyareastonishedandsad.D.Theyareuninterestedbutgrateful.27.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthelastparagraph?A.Heburdenshischildrenbyreading.B.Hehelpshischildrenfindtheirinterests.C.Hefailstogethischildrenoutoffantasy.D.Hepreferstoreadchildren’sbooks.CWheninternationalaidisgiven,stepsmustbetakentoensure（确保）thattheaidreachesthepeopleforwhomitisintended.Thewaytoachievethismaynotbesimple.Itisverydifficultforanationtogivehelpdirectlytopeople inanothernation.TheUnitedNationsOrganization（UNO）couldundertaketodirectthedistributionofaid.Herehoweverrisestheproblemofcosts.Alsotiedwiththisistime.PerhapstheUNOcouldsetupabodyofdevotedmenandwomenineverycountrywhocanspeedilydistributeaidtovictimsoffloodsandearthquakes.Morethanthehelpthatonenationcangivetoanotherduringadisaster,itwouldbemoreeffectivetogiveotherformsofhelpduringnormaltimes.Acommonproverbsays,“GivemeafishandIeatforaday,teachmetofishandIeatforalifetime.”Ifwefollowthiswisesaying,itwouldberighttoteachpeoplefromlessdevelopednationstotakecareofthemselves.Forexample,acountrycouldshareitstechnologywithanother.Thiscouldbeinsimpleareaslikeagricultureorinmorecomplexareaslikemedicalandhealthcareoreveninbuildingsatellites.Evensmallcountryisabletohelplessdevelopednations.Sometimeswhatistakenforgranted,likethesettingupofawaterpurificationplantortheadministrationofaschool,couldbeusefulforcountrieswhicharelookingabouttosolvecommonproblems.Itdoesnotcostmuchtosharesuchsimplethings.Exchangestudentscouldbeattachedforanumberofmonthsoryearsandlearntherequiredcraftwhileonthesite.Theycanthentaketheirknowledgebacktotheirhomelandsandifnecessarycomebackfromtimetotimetocleardoubtsortoupdatethemselves.Suchaidwillbetrulyhelpfulandthereisnochanceofitbeingtemporaryorofitfallingintothewronghands.Manycountriesrunextensivecoursesinallsortsofskills.Itwillnotcostmuchtoincludedeservingforeignersinthesecourses.Besidesgivingeffectivehelptothecountriesconcerned,thereisalsothebuild-upoffriendshipstoconsider.Givingdirecthelpbygivingmaterialsmaybeeffectiveintheshortrunandmustcontinuetobegivenintheeventofemergencies.However,inthelongrunwhatisreallyeffectivewouldbethesharingofknowledge.28.Accordingtotheauthor,howcouldinternationalaidreachthevictimsintime?A.Bysolvingthecostproblems.B.Bysolvingthetransportationproblems.C.Bysettingupabodyofdevotedpeopleineverycountry.D.ByrelyingonthedirectdistributionoftheUNO.29.Whatdoestheauthortrytoexpressintheunderlinedsentence?A.Providingfoodisvital.B.Learningtofishishelpful.C.Teachingskillsisessential.DLookingafterothersisimportant.30.Whichaidislikelytofallintothewronghands?A.Amedicalteam.B.Anexchangeprogram.C.Awaterplant.D.Financialsupport.31.Whatcanweinferaboutinternationalaidfromthepassage?A.Itisfacingdifficulties.B.Itisunnecessaryduringnormaltimes.C.Itshouldbegivenintheformofmaterials.D.Ithasgainedsupportfromdevelopedcountries.DThecurbcut（路缘坡）isaconveniencethatmostofusrarely,ifever,notice.Yet,withoutit,dailylifemightbealotharder—inmorewaysthanone.Pushingababystrollerontothecurb,skateboardingontoasidewalkortakingafullgrocerycartfromthe sidewalktoyourcar—allthesetasksareeasierbecauseofthecurbcut.Butitwascreatedwithadifferentpurposeinmind.It’shardtoimaginetoday,butbackinthe1970s,mostsidewalksintheUnitedStatesendedwithasharpdrop-off.Thatwasabigdealforpeopleinwheelchairsbecausetherewerenoramps（斜坡）tohelpthemmovealongcityblockswithoutassistance.Accordingtoonedisabilityrightsleader,asix-inchcurb“mightaswellhavebeenMountEverest”forwheelchair-boundpeople.So,activistsfromBerkeley,California,whoalsoneededwheelchairs,organizedacampaigntocreatetinyrampsatintersectionstohelpdisadvantagedpeopledependentonwheelsmoveupanddowncurbsindependently.Ithinkaboutthe“curbcuteffect”alotwhenworkingonissuesaroundhealthequality.ThefirsttimeIevenheardaboutthecurbcutwasina2017StanfordSocialInnovationReviewpiecebyPolicyLinkCEOAngelaBlackwell.Blackwellrightlynotedthatmanypeopleseeequalityas“azero-sumgame（零和游戏）”.Basically,thereisadeeplyrootedsocialbeliefamongthemthatintentionallysupportingonegrouphurtsanother.Whatthecurbcuteffectrevealsthough,Blackwellsaidisthat“whensociety-createsthecircumstancesthatallowthosewhohavebeenleftbehindtoparticipateandcontributefully,everyonewins.”Onesuchexampleisclosedcaptioning（字幕）,originallyintendedtohelpdeafpeopleunderstandmoviesandTVshowswithoutneedingtoheardialogueorsounds.Butit’seasytothinkofotherapplicationsforclosedcaptioning:it’sconvenientforcustomerswatchingTVinanoisybarorgym,second-languagelearnerswhowanttoreadaswellaslisten,orstudentswhouseitasastudyaid.So,nexttimeyoucrossthestreet,orrollyoursuitcasethroughacrosswalkorrideyourbikedirectlyontoasidewalk—thinkabouthowmuchthecurbcut,thatchangeindesignthatbrokedownwallsofexclusionforonegroupofpeopleatadisadvantage,hashelpednotjustthatgroup,butallofus.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedquoteimplyconcerningasix-inchcurb?A.Itisanunforgettablesymbol.B.Itisanimpassablebarrier.C.Itisanimportantsign.D.Itisanimpressivelandmark.33.AccordingtoAngelaBlackwell,whatdomanypeoplebelieve?A.It’snotworthwhiletopromotehealthequality.DIt’snecessarytogoallouttohelpthedisabled.C.It’simpossibletohaveeveryonetreatedequally.D.It’sfairtogivethedisadvantagedmorehelpthanothers.34.Whichofthefollowingexamplesbestillustratesthe“curbcuteffect”principle?A.ThefourgreatinventionsofancientChinaspreadtoothercountriesintheworld.B.Readingmachinesforblindpeoplehelpbuildthedigitalmapsdriversusetonavigate.C.Yourreachingouttothedisadvantagedcontributestomorepeopledoingit.D.AbutterflyflappingitswingsinonecountryleadstoaTornadoinanothercountry.35.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Thecurbcutisaconvenientrampdesignedtobenefitthedisabled.B.Everyoneinasocietyshouldbetreatedequally.C.Supportingdisadvantagedgroupsoftenendsupbenefitingmuchlargerrangesofsociety. D.Howdisabilityrightsactivistsfoughtforequalitythatchangedthelifeofhisfollowers.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Climatechangereferstolong-termshiftsintemperaturesandweatherpatterns.36Butsincethe1800s,humanactivitieshavebeenthemaindriverofclimatechange,primarilyduetoburningfossilfuelslikecoal,oilandgas.Climatechangecancauseextremeeventslikewildfiresandfloods.37Howdoesclimatechangemakeyoufeel?Thenewsofmeltingglaciersandoilspillsmayseemoverwhelmingandcanmakeyoufeelangry,frightened,hopelessorupset.Thisiscalledclimateanxiety.38Ifyoufeelworriedaboutwhat’shappeningtotheworld,it’sgoodforyou.It’snormaltobeupsetwhenthingsyoucareaboutaregettinghurt.39Therearelotsofthingsyoucandotohelpsocietytakebettercareoftheworld.Turnyourfearintopowerbydoingsomething.Breakingtheproblemintobite-sizedchunksisagoodwaytostart.Thinkofsomethingyoufeelpassionateabout,suchasprotectingoceanlifeorsavingforests,andjoinacommunitygrouporcharitythatsupportsthatcause.Positiveactioncaninspireotherstoo.SistersKimandStellaKingfromthecharityFightsAgainstPlastichavepickedup90,000piecesofplastic.Theyaskschools,businessesandorganizationstofollowtheirlead.Remember,it’simportanttogetsupportfrompeoplearound.40A.Whyisthereclimateanxiety?BAnditisanormal,healthyresponse.C.Thisrisksthelivesofhumans,animalsandplants.D.Meltingglacierscontributeathirdofsea-levelrise.FNoonecanfixclimatechangeontheirownbutwecanallplayapart.f.Theseshiftsmaybenatural,suchasthroughvariationsinthesolarcycle.G.So,tellfriendsandfamilywhatyou’reuptoandencouragethemtojoinin.第三部分语言运用（共四节，满分55分）第一节完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ourneighborshadaloudpartylastnight.Weweren’t41butthiswasoneofthosecelebrationsthatIdidn’tmind.Theyareabunchofyoung,singleguysandIwouldhavefeltoutofplace.What42mewasthewaytheybehaved.Oneoftheyoungmencameover43inthedayto“warn”usoftheupcomingeventandsaiditwouldbeoveratabout11p.m.Thatwasthefirststep.Evenmore44waswhattheydidnext.“Here’smy45”offeredourneighbor46.“Textmeifit’stoonoisy.”Thatwasalevelof47Ihadneverexperiencedinallmyyearsofbeinganeighbor!Anditreallyworkedintheirfavor.MyhusbandandIweresofriendlythatevenwhentheeventwentpastthe48endtime,evenwhenthemusicreachedhighdecibels（分贝）,andevenwhenwecouldn’tgetthroughonthephonenumber,wefeltno49.Weknewtheywouldstopandbe50eventually.Ittakessuchlittleefforttomakepeoplefeelthatthey51andgetpeopleonyourside.Everyoneneedstoletlooseeverynowandthen,especiallyintheseuniquelytoughtimes.Butpeoplewhodoitwithout52 othersarefewandfarbetween.Ihadn’tfully53myneighborsuntilthisweek.WehadadoptedthatalltooAmerican“liveandletlive”posture.ButnowIseetheminanewlightandwithgreater54.Theydidn’tjustbringnoisetotheneighborhood;theyshonethelightof55.41A.locatedB.exploredC.challengedD.invited42.A.trappedB.impressedC.annoyedD.embarrassed43.A.laterB.closerC.earlierD.further44.A.shockingB.frighteningC.puzzlingD.amazing45.A.cellnumberB.roomnumberC.accountnumberD.carnumber46.A.anxiouslyB.politelyC.regularlyD.obviously47.A.imaginationB.considerationC.recognitionD.organization48.A.promisedB.suppliedC.designedD.compared49.A.stressB.anxietyC.worryD.anger50.A.responsiveB.adaptableC.continuousD.respectful51.A.figureB.succeedC.matterD.access52.A.interruptingB.invitingC.meetingD.disturbing53.A.noticedB.deliveredC.exploredD.proved54.A.surroundingB.appreciationC.curiosityD.distance55.A.gratitudeB.apologyC.thoughtfulnessD.inspiration第二节语法填空（共10小题；每题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。HenryNormanBethunewasagreat56（Canada）doctorwithaverycreativemindandadeterminationtohelppeople.Asasmallboy,hebecameveryinterestedinmedicineanddecidedtobecomeadoctor.After57（graduate）frommedicalcollegein1916,BethuneworkedasadoctorinEngland,theUS,andCanada.Hereinventedorredesignedover10medicalinstruments58（make）themmoreuseful.HeisknownbestforhisserviceduringtheWorldWarI.In1938,Bethuneleft59China,afterheheardthatmanypeopleweredyinginthewar.60thedifficultsituation,Dr.Bethunedidwhateverhecould-toassisttheChinesepeople.Hehelpedtoorganizehospitals,61（teach）doctorsandnurses,andshowedpeoplehowtogivefirstaid.Heisrespectedas62uniquepersonalityinthehistoryofmedicine,owingtothematerializationoftheconceptof“mobilemedicalunit”.Someofthesurgicaltoolsdevelopedbyhim63（use）insurgeriesevennow.Sadly,Dr.BethunepassedawayinNovemberthefollowingyearandwasburiedinShijiazhuang.AfterDr.Bethune’s64（die）,ChairmanMaoZedongwroteanarticleinmemoryofhim,65hepraisedDr.BethuneasaherotoberememberedinChina.第四节完成句子（共5小题；每题2分，满分10分）根据课本内容填空：66.Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,andcars_____________________（被卷走）byhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquakethatreachedamagnitudeof9.0.67.Thefirefightersto_____________________thetaskwasgivendidtheirbestbuttherewasnowaytoorganizeorcommunicate. 68.ItwasthefirsttimethataChineseteam_____________________（work）outsideChina,andtheteamwonhighpraisefortheirbraveryandskill.69.1onlyneedafewwordsto_____________________（缩小差距）betweenus.70.Nearly500,000high-qualitydigitalphotographs_____________________（produce）sincetheinternationalprojectstartedin1994.第四部分写作（共两节，满分30分）第一节满分15分假定你是校英文报的记者李华。上周六下午，你校组织了一个最美汉字的投票活动（poll）。得票最高的前三个汉字分别是“爱”、“梦”、“仁（benevolence）”。请你写一篇新闻稿，报道此次活动。内容包括：1.活动的时间、地点等；2.活动的过程；3.活动的意义。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。TheMostBeautifulChineseCharacters________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节满分15分阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Avegetariandiet（素食）isoftenpraisedforitshealthbenefits.Studieshaveshownthatvegetariansusuallyhavelowerlevelsofheartdiseaseandariskofdiabetes（糖尿病）thanpeoplewhoeatmeat.Whatmostpeoplearelessawareof,however,aretheeffectsthatavegetariandietcanhaveontheenvironment.ResearchersfromtheUnionofConcernedScientistsintheUSrecentlystudiedhowconsumerbehavioraffectstheenvironment.Thestudyshowedthatmeatconsumptionisoneofthemainwaysthathumanscandamagetheenvironment,secondonlytotheuseofmotorvehicle.Then,howcaneatingmeathaveanegativeeffectontheenvironment?Forastart,allfarmanimalssuchascows,pigs,andsheepgiveoffmethanegas（沼气）byexpelling（排出）windfromtheirbodies.Onecowcanproduceupto60litersofmethaneeachday.Methanegasisthesecondmostcommongreenhousegasaftercarbondioxide（二氧化碳）.Manyenvironmentalexpertsnowbelievethatitismoreresponsibleforglobalwarmingthancarbondioxide.Itisestimatedthat25%ofallmethanereleasedintotheatmospherecomesfromfarmanimals.Anotherwaythatmeatproductionaffectstheenvironmentisthroughtheuseofwaterandland.2,500gallonsofwaterareneededtoproduceonepoundofbeef,whereas20gallonsofwaterareneededtoproduceonepoundofwheat.Oneacreoffarmlandusedforcropproductioncanproduce40,000poundsofpotatoes,30,000poundsofcarrots,or50,000poundsoftomatoes.Manypeoplenowseethebenefitsofswitchingtoavegetariandiet,notjustforhealthreasons,butalsobecauseitplaysavitalroleinprotectingtheenvironment.However,somenutritionistsadviseagainstswitchingtoatotallystrictvegetarian,orvegandiet.Theybelieveavegandiet,whichexcludes（排除）allproductsfromanimalsources,such ascheese,eggs,andmilk,canbeshortofmanynecessaryvitaminsandmineralsourbodiesneed._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2023-2024学年高一上学期第二次适应性练习英语答案1-5ACBBB6-10ACBAC11-15ACCAB16-20CBBCA21-23ABC24-27ACAB28-31CCDA32-35BCBC36-40FCBEG41-45DBCDA46-50BBADA51-55CDABC56.Canadian57.graduating/graduation58.tomake59.for60.Despite61.taught62.a63.areused64.death65.where66.weresweptaway67.whom68.hadworked