安徽省芜湖市师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试题（Word版附解析）

2023～2024学年高二年级上学期期中检测联考英语考生注意：1．本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2．答题前考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答、超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题、从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatdidPeterdoyesterdayafternoon?A.Hestayedathome.B.Hesawafilm.C.HewenttoJerry’shouse.2.Whydoesthemanlookhappy?A.Hegotajob.B.Hestartedacompany.C.Heboughtanewhouse.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthesupermarket.B.Atthecakeshop.C.Athome.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Themanshouldpreparefortheexamearly.B.Itiswiseofthemantostayupfortheexam.C.Themanshouldtakeiteasybeforetheexam.5.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Drivetowork.B.Reportnews.C.GiveTrishacall.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题、从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题、每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers? A.Motherandson.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Acouple.7.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Changethetickets.B.Checkthebooking.C.Sendinvitations.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhatisTomdoing?A.Preparingforanexam.B.Readinganewspaper.C.Doinghishomework.9.Whowenttoaparty?A.Ella.B.Jimmy’sfather.C.Jimmy’sgrandpa.10.WhatdoesFannyagreetodointheend?A.Writeastory,B.PlaywithJimmy.C.Gooutwithherfriends.听第8段材料，回答第11至3题。11.Whydidthemanfailtoreceivethewoman’scall?A.Hisphonestoppedworking.B.Hedidn’ttakehiscellphonewithhim.C.Hewasbusyplayingcomputergames.12.Whatisthewoman’sproblem?A.Hercellphoneneedsrepairing.B.Shehasmademanymistakesinherhomework.C.Thereissomethingwrongwithhercomputer.13.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.ContactJane.B.AskHenryforhelp.C.Finishherhomeworkfirst.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whereisthenewbranchoffice?A.InFrance.B.InSpain.C.InGermany.15.HowlonghasBettybeenworkinginthecompany?A.Foroneyear.B.Forthreeyears.C.Forfiveyears.16.WhatdoweknowaboutMr.Smith?A.Helacksworkexperience.B.Hehaschildreninschool.C.Hecanmoveoverseaseasily.17.Whatwillthespeakersdothisafternoon? A.TalkwithJeff.B.Pickuptheirkids.C.Learnforeignlanguages.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Awriter.C.Awebsite.19.Howcanmembersgettheinformationaboutthebooks?A.Bycheckinganonlinelist.B.Bymakingaphonecall.C.Bysendinganemail.20.Whatcolornumbersshowthenumberofthebooksputinthelast30days?A.Red.B.Yellow.C.Blue.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThisisshapinguptobeabigyearforUSthemeparks—andwe’renotjusttalkingaboutDisney.Fromcoasttocoast,themeparksareopeningexcitingnewridesforpeople.LegolandNewYorkResortOverMemorialDayweekend,Legolandopeneditsnewestattraction:aLego-themedwaterplaygroundwherefamiliescanplaywater,slideandbeattheheat.Thereisalsoanearbychangingareasoyoucantakeoffyourwetswimsuitwhenyou’rereadytoheadforthepark’sland-basedattractions.UniversalStudiosHollywoodThoughthelandhasonlyoneride,SuperNintendoWorldhasmorethanenoughtokeepyoubusyafteryouracetothefinish.Throughouttheland,thereareinteractivechallengeswhereyoucancollectdigitalcoinsandtrytosecureatopscore.Youwillalsofindallthesouvenirsandclothingyouneedtocompleteyourexperience.BuschGardensTampaBayTheSerengetiFlyerswingrideiscurrentlytheworld’stallestandfastestrideofitskind.You’llriserapidlyabovezebras,giraffesandotheranimalsthatresideinthepark’s65-acreSerengetiPlain.Becauseofitsextremenature,theridehasa48-inch(英寸)minimum(最小的)heightrequirement.BuschGardensWilliamsburgBuschGardensWilliamsburg’snewestcoaster(过山车)willhaveguestsracingthroughthedarkwhileattemptingtoescapeacastle.DarKoasterisafullyindoorcoasterwithridevehiclesdesignedtolooklike snowmobiles.You’llneedthemtotravelthroughthestrangesnowstorminsidethecastle.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoatLegolandNewYorkResort?A.Playwater.B.Collectdigitalcoins.C.Experienceasnowstorm.D.Taketheworld’stallestride.2.WhatisrequiredfortouriststoenjoytheSerengetiFlyerswingride?A.Greatloveforanimals.B.Wearingspecialclothes.C.Thecompanyoffamily.D.Beingatleast48inchesinheight.3.Wherewillyougoifyouwanttotakeafullyindoorcoaster?A.BuschGardensTampaBay.B.BuschGardensWilliamsburg.C.LegolandNewYorkResort.D.UniversalStudiosHollywood.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个主题公园的新游乐设施的情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据LegolandNewYorkResort部分“OverMemorialDayweekend,Legolandopeneditsnewestattraction:aLego-themedwaterplaygroundwherefamiliescanplaywater,slideandbeattheheat.(在阵亡将士纪念日的周末，乐高乐园开放了最新的景点：一个乐高主题水上乐园，家庭可以在那里玩水、滑滑梯和避暑)”可知，游客在纽约乐高乐园度假村可以玩水。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据BuschGardensTampaBay部分“Becauseofitsextremenature,theridehasa48-inch(英寸)minimum(最小的)heightrequirement.(由于它的极限性质，过山车的最低身高要求是48英寸)”可知，塞伦盖蒂摩天轮秋千之旅的游客至少要有48英寸高。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据BuschGardensWilliamsburg部分“DarKoasterisafullyindoorcoasterwithridevehiclesdesignedtolooklikesnowmobiles.(DarKoaster是一个完全室内的过山车，乘坐车辆被设计成看起来像雪地车)”可知，如果你想坐完全在室内的过山车，你可以去威廉斯堡的布什花园。故选B。BThe2023NobelPrizeinChemistryhasbeenawardedtoMoungiG.BawendiofMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,LouisE.BrusofColumbiaUniversity,andAlexeiI.EkimovofNanocrystalsTechnologyInc.inNewYorkforthediscoveryanddevelopmentofquantumdots(量子点).Thethreescientistseachcontributedtoafundamentaldiscovery,accordingtoofficialsfromtheRoyal SwedishAcademyofSciences,whichawardsseveraloftheprizeseachyear.Theworkthey’vedonehasalreadyledtonewtechnologyintelevisionscreensandbio-imaging.ReachedbyphoneduringapressconferenceearlyWednesdaymorning,Bawendiofferedastreamofreactions:“Shocked.Sleepy.Veryunexpected.Andveryhonored.”Inarareevent,thewinners’nameswereleakedtotheSwedishmediabeforetheofficialannouncement.ButBawendisaidhe’dbeensoundasleep,sohedidn’thearanythingaboutit.Quantumdotsareparticles(粒子)thataresoincrediblysmallthattheirsizeactuallystartstoaffecttheirproperties.Forexample,bluequantumdotsandredquantumdotscanbemadefromtheexactsamematerial,withtheonlydifferencebeingthesizeoftheparticleitself.(Thebluequantumdotsaresmallerthanredones.)Infact,changingthesizecanalter(改变)manydifferentpropertiesbeyondjustcolor,whichmeansthatquantumdotscouldbeusefulforavarietyofapplications,includingbuildingbettersolarpanelsandperhapsevencreatingfuelbyusingsunlight.Thethreescientistswillsharetheprizemoneyof11millionSwedishkronor(closeto$995,000)inequalparts.Thisisthethirdscience-focusedNobelPrizetobeawardedthisweek.OnTuesday,thephysicsprizewasawardedtoAnneL’Huillier,PierreAgostiniandFerencKrausz.AndonMonday,KatalinKarikoandDrewWeissmanwontheprizeinphysiologyormedicine.OfficialsplantoannouncetheliteratureprizeonThursday,followedbythepeaceprizeonFriday.TheeconomicsprizewillbeawardedonMonday.4.HowdidBawendifeelwhenreceivingthecallearlyWednesdaymorning?A.Angry.B.Surprised.C.Bored.D.Sorry.5.Whatcausesthedifferenceincolorbetweenbluequantumdotsandredones?A.Thesizeoftheparticles.B.Thedifferenceinmaterials.C.Thechangeinshapes.D.Thevarietyofapplications.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inparagraph7referto?A.The2023NobelPrizeinphysics.B.The2023NobelPrizeinmedicine.C.The2023NobelPrizeinliterature.D.The2023NobelPrizeinchemistry.7.Whatisthetext?A.Ashortstory.B.Adiaryentry.C.Anewsreport.D.Aresearcharticle.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。2023年诺贝尔化学奖被授予麻省理工学院的MoungiG.Bawendi、哥伦比亚 大学的LouisE.Brus和纽约纳米晶体技术公司的AlexeiI.Ekimov，以表彰他们发现和发展量子点。文章介绍了他们的研究以及其他奖项的获得情况。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ReachedbyphoneduringapressconferenceearlyWednesdaymorning,Bawendiofferedastreamofreactions:“Shocked.Sleepy.Veryunexpected.Andveryhonored.”(在周三凌晨的新闻发布会上，记者通过电话联系到了巴文迪，他给出了一连串的反应：“震惊。困了。非常意外。我非常荣幸。”)”可知，在周三清晨接到电话时，Bawendi感到惊讶。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Forexample,bluequantumdotsandredquantumdotscanbemadefromtheexactsamematerial,withtheonlydifferencebeingthesizeoftheparticleitself.(例如，蓝色量子点和红色量子点可以由完全相同的材料制成，唯一的区别是粒子本身的大小)”可知、粒子的大小导致了蓝色量子点和红色量子点之间颜色的差异。故选A。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词前“Thethreescientistswillsharetheprizemoneyof11millionSwedishkronor(closeto$995.000)inequalparts.(这三位科学家将平分1100万瑞典克朗（接近995,000美元）的奖金)”可知，2023年诺贝尔化学奖被授予麻省理工学院的MoungiG.Bawendi、哥伦比亚大学的LouisE.Brus和纽约纳米晶体技术公司的AlexeiI.Ekimov，这三位科学家将平分1100万瑞典克朗（接近995,000美元）的奖金。故This指的是2023年诺贝尔化学奖。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“The2023NobelPrizeinChemistryhasbeenawardedtoMoungiG.BawendiofMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,LouisE.BrusofColumbiaUniversity,andAlexeiI.EkimovofNanocrystalsTechnologyInc.inNewYorkforthediscoveryanddevelopmentofquantumdots(量子点).(2023年诺贝尔化学奖被授予麻省理工学院的MoungiG.Bawendi、哥伦比亚大学的LouisE.Brus和纽约纳米晶体技术公司的AlexeiI.Ekimov，以表彰他们发现和发展量子点)”结合文章介绍了他们的研究以及其他奖项的获得情况。可推断，本文是一篇新闻报道。故选C。CApowerfulearthquakehitMoroccoonFridaynight,killingover2,500peopleandcausinghugedamageoveralargearea.ThequakewasoneofthemostpowerfuleverrecordedinMorocco.It’salsothecountry’sdeadliestearthquakeinover60years.Sofar,theearthquakeisreportedtohavekilledover2,680people.Ithasinjuredover2,500others.Theearthquakewasespeciallydangerousbecauseithappenedatnight,whenpeoplewereasleepintheirhomes. Marrakeshisabigcitythat’spopularwithtourists.Manyofitsmodernbuildingsseemtohavesurvivedtheearthquake,buttheoldpartofthecity,Medina,washithard.Ithasbuildingsthatareover1,000yearsold.Manyofthosebuildingsweredemolished.OutsideofMarrakesh,theearthquakecausedevenmoredamage.IntheAtlasMountains,theearthquake’scenter,therearemanysmallvillages,someofwhichwerenearlydestroyed.Manyofthepeopleinthearealiveinsimplehousesmadeofmudbricks,whichisatraditionalwayofbuildinginMorocco.Butit’snotstrongenoughtoprotectagainstearthquakes.AlthoughtheMoroccangovernmenthaslawsthatrequirebuildingstobebuiltmoresafely,theserulesareoftenignored.Rescueworkershavebeenworkinghardtosavethoseaffectedbythequake.Inlargercities,rescueeffortsseemtobegoingwell.Butithastakenalotlongerforhelptoreachremoteareasinthemountains.Manyofthesevillagesaredifficulttogetto.Theearthquakecausedlandslides,blockingroads,andmakingtheseplacesevenmoredifficulttoreach.Insomeareas,phoneandelectricalservicewerealsoknockedout,leavingtheseplacescompletelycutoff.Thatmeansthatthelocalpeopleinsomeremoteareashavehadtodealwiththesituationontheirown.Insomeareas,peoplehavebeendiggingthroughthebrokenstonesorbrickswiththeirhands,tryingtofindsurvivors.Manypeoplearesleepingoutside,unsureiftheirhousesaresafe.ManyoutsidecountrieshaveofferedtohelpMorocco.Somecountrieshaveofferedteamsofexperts;othershaveofferedsupplies.8.WhatdoweknowabouttheearthquakeinMorocco?A.Itonlykilled2,680people.B.Itoccurredduringtheday.C.Itwasthedeadliestinrecentdecades.D.Itinjuredlessthan2,500people.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“demolished”inparagraph2mean?A.Destroyed.B.Decorated.C.Protected.D.Constructed.10.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Necessaryhelpfromothercountriesforthequake-hitarea.B.Thecurrentserioussituationfacedbypeopleindisasterareas.C.PossiblecausesoftheearthquakehappeninginMorocco.D.ReasonswhytheearthquakecausedsomuchdamageinMorocco.11.Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph5?A.Rescueworkersinbigcitiesareinshortsupply.B.Villagersinthequake-hitareatrytosavethemselves.C.Mostofthehousesinremoteareasarereportedsafe. D.Rescueworkerscaneasilygetintouchwithmountainpeople.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻稿。文章讲述周五晚上，摩洛哥发生强烈地震，造成2500多人死亡，大片地区遭受巨大破坏。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“It’salsothecountry’sdeadliestearthquakeinover60years.(这也是该国60多年来最致命的地震。)”可知，摩洛哥这次的地震是该国近几十年来最致命的一次。故选C项。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词的句子“Buttheoldpartofthecity,Medina,washithard.Ithasbuildingsthatareover1,000yearsold.Manyofthosebuildingsweredemolished.(但城市的老城区Medina受到了沉重的打击。它有超过1000年历史的建筑。其中许多建筑被了。)”可推断，画线词应表示“摧毁”的意思，和destroyed意思最接近。故选A项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Manyofthepeopleinthearealiveinsimplehousesmadeofmudbricks,whichisatraditionalwayofbuildinginMorocco.Butit’snotstrongenoughtoprotectagainstearthquakes.(这个地区的许多人住在用泥砖建造的简陋的房子里。这是摩洛哥的传统建筑方式。但它的强度不足以抵御地震。)”以及下文可推断，本段主要讲的是地震在摩洛哥造成如此大破坏的原因。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Insomeareas,peoplehavebeendiggingthroughthebrokenstonesorbrickswiththeirhands,tryingtofindsurvivors.(在一些地区，人们一直在用手在碎石或砖块中挖掘，试图找到幸存者。)”可推断，地震灾区的村民试图自救。故选B项。DThesameareawheretheWrightbrothersdevelopedthefirstairplanewillsoonseeelectricplanesthattakeoffandlandvertically(垂直地).Theplanes,called“flyingtaxis”willbeproducedunderanagreementbetweenthestateofOhioandJobyAviationatDaytonInternationalAirport.JobyAviationisa14-year-oldcompanythatwentpublicin2021andbecamethefirstelectricverticaltakeoffandlanding(eVTOL)firmtoreceiveaspecialkindofpermissionfromtheUSAirForce.ItsproductioneffortsaresupportedbypartnershipswithToyota,DeltaAirLines,IntelandUber.OhioGovernorMikeDeWinetoldTheAssociatedPress,“Whenyou’retalkingaboutairtaxis,that’sthefuture.”Developerssaytheplanesarenearingthedaywhentheywillprovideawaytomoveindividualpeopleorsmall groupsfromthetopofbuildingsandparkingspacestotheirdestinations.Aroundtheworld,eVTOL.aircraftsorflyingtaxisarebecomingmorecommon.Still,questionsremainaboutnoiselevelsandchargingdemands.EngineersdesignedJoby’sproductionaircrafttotransportapilotandfourpassengersatthespeedofupto321.87kilometersperhour.Theaircraftcancoveradistanceofupto160.93kilometers.Itisaquietmachinethatcanbarelybeheardinmostcities,thecompanysaid.Theplanistoplacetheminaerialridesharingnetworksbeginningin2025.The$500millionprojectissupportedbyupto$325millioninpaymentsfromthestateofOhio.Withthemoney,JobyplanstobuildanOhiofacilitycapableofdeliveringupto500aircraftsayearandcreating2,000jobs.TheUSDepartmentofEnergyhasinvitedJobytoapplyforaloantosupportthedevelopmentofthefacilityasacleanenergyproject.JobyCEOJocBenBevirttoldtheAPthatthecompanychoseOhioafteralargeandcompetitivesearch.Ohio’sfinancialdealwasnotthelargest,butthechancetobringtheoperationtothebirthplaceofaviation—withaworkforceexperiencedinthefield—ledtothedeal,hesaid.12.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph2?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraph.B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.13.WhatisMikeDeWine’sattitudetowardairtaxis?A.Doubtful.B.Unconcerned.C.Unclear.D.Positive.14.WhatisanadvantageofJobyAviation’sflyingtaxi?A.Ithardlymakesanynoise.B.Itdoesn’tneedtobecharged.C.Itcarriesatmost6passengers.D.Itcoversadistanceof321.87km.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheLifeoftheWrightBrothersB.FlyingTaxistobeMadeinOhioC.ACompetitiveFutureforAircraftsD.TheDevelopmentofJobyAviation【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍俄亥俄州与JobyAviation签署协议，将在莱特兄弟发明第一架飞机的地方生产“飞行出租车”——垂直起降的电动飞机。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“ThesameareawheretheWrightbrothersdevelopedthefirstairplanewillsoon seeelectricplanesthattakeoffandlandvertically(垂直地).Theplanes,called‘flyingtaxis’willbeproducedunderanagreementbetweenthestateofOhioandJobyAviationatDaytonInternationalAirport.(在莱特兄弟发明第一架飞机的同一地区，很快就会看到垂直起降的电动飞机。这种飞机被称为‘飞行出租车’，将根据俄亥俄州和Joby航空公司在代顿国际机场达成的协议生产。)”可知，被称为‘飞行出租车’的垂直起降电动飞机将根据俄亥俄州和Joby航空公司在代顿国际机场达成的协议生产；第二段“JobyAviationisa14-year-oldcompanythatwentpublicin2021andbecamethefirstelectricverticaltakeoffandlanding(eVTOL)firmtoreceiveaspecialkindofpermissionfromtheUSAirForce.ItsproductioneffortsaresupportedbypartnershipswithToyota,DeltaAirLines,IntelandUber.(JobyAviation是一家有14年历史的公司，于2021年上市，成为第一家获得美国空军特殊许可的电动垂直起降（eVTOL）公司。它的生产努力得到了丰田、达美航空、英特尔和优步的合作支持。)”给读者介绍了第一段中所提到的JobyAviation（Joby航空公司）；由此可知，在第二段中作者增添了一些背景知识。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“OhioGovernorMikeDeWinetoldTheAssociatedPress,‘Whenyou’retalkingaboutairtaxis,that’sthefuture.’(俄亥俄州州长迈克·德温告诉美联社，‘当你谈论空中出租车时，这就是未来。’)”，可知，迈克·德温（MikeDeWine）认为未来空中出租车有着很好的发展前景；由此可推断，MikeDeWine对飞行出租车持肯定态度。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段中“Itisaquietmachinethatcanbarelybeheardinmostcities,thecompanysaid.(该公司表示，这是一款安静的机器，在大多数城市几乎听不到声音。)”可知，JobyAviation公司生产的飞行出租车的一个优势是几乎没有噪音。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“ThesameareawheretheWrightbrothersdevelopedthefirstairplanewillsoonseeelectricplanesthattakeoffandlandvertically(垂直地).Theplanes,called‘flyingtaxis‘willbeproducedunderanagreementbetweenthestateofOhioandJobyAviationatDaytonInternationalAirport.(在莱特兄弟发明第一架飞机的同一地区，很快就会看到垂直起降的电动飞机。这些被称为‘飞行出租车’的飞机将根据俄亥俄州和Joby航空公司在代顿国际机场达成的协议生产。)”以及下文内容可知本文主要讲的是俄亥俄州与JobyAviation签署协议，将在莱特兄弟家乡生产“飞行出租车”；由此可知，B选项“FlyingTaxistobeMadeinOhio(俄亥俄州将制造飞行出租车)”能够概括本文主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选B。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ifyou’renewinaschooloryouareshy,makingnewfriendsmightseemlikeachallenge.Luckily,youcanovercome(克服)thatchallengebyfollowingthetipsbelow.____16____.You’remorelikelytobefriendswithsomeoneifyouhavesomethingincommonwiththem.Trytofindclubsorgroupsbasedonyourfavoritehobbiesandthenjointhemtomeetlike-mindedpeople.Also,payattentiontopeoplewhospendtheirfreetimedoingthesamethingsyoulovetodo.Introduceyourselftonewpeoplewheneverpossible.____17____,itcanbeinvitingtojustsittherequietly,especiallyifyou’reshy.However,youandtheotherpersonwillbothbemorecomfortableafterasimpleintroduction.Makeeyecontactwiththeperson,smile,andtrytoseemwarmandrelaxedinsteadofnervousoranxious.____18____.Ifthereismusicplaying,forinstance,trysayingsomethinglike,“Ilovethissong,don’tyou?”Giveotherpeoplesomespace.____19____evenifthey’reyourfriends.Don’texpecttoomuchoftheirtimeandattention.Bethereforthemwhentheyneedyouandcontinuetoextendinvitations,butdon’tfeelupsetiftheyturnyoudownbecausetheyarebusyorneedsometimealone.Overcomeyourfearofrejection.Oneofthebiggestdifficultiestoreachoutandmakenewfriendsisthefearthatwewillnotbeaccepted.Trynottotakeitpersonallyifsomeonedoesnotacceptyourinvitation.Understandthattherejectionmayhavemoretodowithwhotheotherpersonisthanithastodowithyou.____20____.A.IfyoureallywanttofindnewfriendsB.SpendtimearoundpeoplewhoshowkindnessC.Whenyou’rearoundsomeoneyoudon’tknowD.LookforpeoplewhohavethesamehobbiesasyouE.KeepinmindthatotherpeoplehavetheirownlivestofocusonF.Then,breaktheicebytalkingaboutwhateverisgoingonaroundyouG.Keepsteppingoutandyouwillfinallyfindsomeonewhoistherightfriendforyou【答案】16.D17.C18.F19.E20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。对于新来的学生或者很害羞的人来说，结交新朋友似乎是一个挑战，文章提供了一些关于如何克服挑战去结交新朋友的建议。【16题详解】分析文章结构可知设空处为本段主旨句；根据下文“You’remorelikelytobefriendswithsomeoneifyouhavesomethingincommonwiththem.Trytofindclubsorgroupsbasedonyourfavoritehobbiesandthenjoin themtomeetlike-mindedpeople.Also,payattentiontopeoplewhospendtheirfreetimedoingthesamethingsyoulovetodo.(如果你和某人有共同点，你更有可能和他们成为朋友。试着根据你最喜欢的爱好找一些俱乐部或团体，然后加入他们，结识志同道合的人。此外，要注意那些在业余时间做你喜欢做的事情的人。)”可知在本段中作者建议寻找和你自己有共同爱好的人，因为你更有可能和与你有共同点的人成为朋友；D选项“Lookforpeoplewhohavethesamehobbiesasyou(寻找和你有相同爱好的人)”能够概括本段主旨，适合作为主旨句。故选D。【17题详解】由段首句（主旨句）“Introduceyourselftonewpeoplewheneverpossible.(尽可能向新认识人介绍自己。)”可知本段建议与新认识的人在一起时应该尽可能向对方介绍自己；由下文“itcanbeinvitingtojustsittherequietly,especiallyifyou’reshy.(安静地坐在那里是很吸引人的，尤其是如果你很害羞的话。)”可知，此处阐述的是和新认识的人或以前不认识的人在一起时，尤其是害羞的人更愿意安静地坐在那里不说话；C选项“Whenyou’rearoundsomeoneyoudon’tknow(当你和一个不认识的人在一起时)”符合语境，选项中的“someoneyoudon’tknow”与上文中“newpeople”表达的意思一致。故选C。【18题详解】上文“Makeeyecontactwiththeperson,smile,andtrytoseemwarmandrelaxedinsteadofnervousoranxious.(与对方进行眼神交流，微笑，试着让自己看起来温暖和放松，而不是紧张或焦虑。)”指出与刚认识的人在一起时，可以首先通过眼神交流和微笑让自己看起来温暖和放松；F选项“Then,breaktheicebytalkingaboutwhateverisgoingonaroundyou(然后，通过谈论你周围发生的事情来打破僵局)”承接上文，指出可以通过谈论你周围发生的事情与新认识的人展开交流；在下文“Ifthereismusicplaying,forinstance,trysayingsomethinglike,‘Ilovethissong,don’tyou?’(例如，如果正在播放音乐，你可以试着这样说：‘我喜欢这首歌，你呢?’)”中作者通过举例来阐述如何通过周边发生的事情与新认识的人展开聊天；由此可知，F选项符合语境。故选F。【19题详解】由主旨句“Giveotherpeoplesomespace.(给别人一些空间。)”可知本段建议给对方一些空间；结合空后“evenifthey’reyourfriends(即使他们是你的朋友)”以及下文“Don’texpecttoomuchoftheirtimeandattention.(不要期望他们花太多的时间和精力。)”可知，即使是朋友，也不要期望他们把太多时间和注意力放在你身上；E选项“Keepinmindthatotherpeoplehavetheirownlivestofocuson(记住，其他人有自己的生活要关注)”指出要记住其他人也有自己的生活，选项中的“otherpeoplehavetheirownlivestofocuson”解释了要给别人一些空间以及不要期望朋友把太多时间和注意力放在你身上的原因；由此可知，E选项符合语境。故选E。【20题详解】 由上文“Overcomeyourfearofrejection.Oneofthebiggestdifficultiestoreachoutandmakenewfriendsisthefearthatwewillnotbeaccepted.Trynottotakeitpersonallyifsomeonedoesnotacceptyourinvitation.Understandthattherejectionmayhavemoretodowithwhotheotherpersonisthanithastodowithyou.(克服对拒绝的恐惧。结交新朋友的最大困难之一就是害怕我们不被接受。如果有人不接受你的邀请，不要太在意。要明白，被拒绝可能更多地是因为对方是什么样的人，而不是因为你。)”可知，结交新朋友时不要害怕被拒绝，要克服不被接受的恐惧，即使被拒绝可能也是由于对方的原因，而不是因为你；由此可知，作者建议要勇敢的去结识新朋友，不要害怕被拒绝；G选项“Keepsteppingoutandyouwillfinallyfindsomeonewhoistherightfriendforyou(坚持走出去，你最终会找到那个适合你的朋友)”指出勇敢走出去结交新朋友你就能找到适合自己的朋友，符合语境，选项中的“Keepsteppingout”与上文中的“Oneofthebiggestdifficultiestoreachout”相呼应。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Acouple,TinaandJosh,visitingPensacolaBeachinFloridahadanunexpectedclosecontactwitha____21____shark.Whenthe10-footsharkmadeherwaysuddenlyfortheshore,theywere____22____themselvesonthebeach.Thecouple____23____contactedauthoritiestoletthemknowthesharkhadbeenwashed____24____.ThenJoshtookmattersintohisownhandsonceherealizedthesharkmayhavejust____25____apushbackintothewater.Followingacoupleof____26____attemptsonhisown,threeadditionalbeach-goers____27____tolendahand.The____28____sharkstruggledinanuncontrolledway.Atonepoint,itthrewthe____29____aside.Eventually,they___30___topullittodeeperwater.Afterafew____31____torecoverherenergy,theshark____32____,andtheothersontheshoregavethebravemenabigroundofapplause(掌声).“Thanktheguysthat____33____me,”JoshtoldCNN.“Ifithadn’tbeenforthem,Iwouldn’thavebeenableto____34____her.Shewasabout500to600pounds.Ihopeeverybodyelsethatcomestobeachesandsees____35____likethatcanhelpthemout.”21.A.woundedB.harmfulC.hugeD.dead22.A.teachingB.relaxingC.controllingD.expressing23.A.closelyB.illegallyC.mostlyD.immediately 24.A.asleepB.aroundC.ashoreD.abroad25.A.feltB.triedC.ignoredD.needed26.A.meaninglessB.unsuccessfulC.misguidedD.weak27.A.refusedB.forgotC.preferredD.chose28.A.frightenedB.excitedC.calmD.small29.A.viewersB.professorsC.rescuersD.hunters30.A.agreedB.managedC.happenedD.seemed31.A.momentsB.hoursC.daysD.weeks32.A.passedawayB.swamawayC.brokeawayD.walkedaway33.A.warnedB.encouragedC.servedD.helped34.A.moveB.stopC.defeatD.find35.A.visitorsB.plantsC.animalsD.waters【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.C25.D26.B27.D28.A29.C30.B31.A32.B33.D34.A35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一对夫妇，蒂娜和乔希，在佛罗里达州的彭萨科拉海滩游玩时意外地与一只大鲨鱼亲密接触。这只鲨鱼在岸上搁浅了，最终在大家的帮助下，回到了海洋里。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一对夫妇，蒂娜和乔希，在佛罗里达州的彭萨科拉海滩游玩时意外地与一只 大鲨鱼亲密接触。A.wounded受伤的；B.harmful有害的；C.huge巨大的；D.dead死亡的。根据后文“the10-footshark”可知这只鲨鱼很巨大。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这条10英尺长的鲨鱼突然游向岸边时，他们正在海滩上放松。A.teaching教学；B.relaxing放松；C.controlling控制；D.expressing表达。根据后文“themselvesonthebeach”可知，鲨鱼突然游向岸边时，他们正在海滩上放松。relaxoneself表示“放松自己”。故选B。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇立即联系了当局，让他们知道鲨鱼被冲上岸了。A.closely仔细地；B.illegally非法地；C.mostly多半；D.immediately立即。根据后文“contactedauthoritiestoletthemknowthesharkhadbeenwashed”可知，他们立即联系了当局，故选D。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇立即联系了当局，让他们知道鲨鱼被冲上岸了。A.asleep睡着；B.around在周围；C.ashore在岸上；D.abroad在国外。根据后文“pushbackintothewater.”可知，鲨鱼被冲上岸了。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当乔希意识到鲨鱼可能只是需要被推回水里时，他就自己动手了。A.felt感觉；B.tried尝试；C.ignored忽视；D.needed需要。根据后文“apushbackintothewater”以及后文他们成功把鲨鱼推回水里，可知乔希意识到鲨鱼可能只是需要被推回水里时，故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他自己尝试了几次失败之后，又有三位海滩游客选择伸出援手。A.meaningless无意义的；B.unsuccessful不成功的；C.misguided被误导的；D.weak虚弱的。根据后文“threeadditionalbeach-goers”提到了其他帮手，说明前面几次没有成功。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他自己尝试了几次失败之后，又有三位海滩游客选择伸出援手。A.refused拒绝；B.forgot忘记；C.preferred偏爱；D.chose选择。根据后文“tolendahand”可知，又有三位海滩游客选择伸出援手。choosetodosth.表示“选择做某事”。故选D。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：受惊的鲨鱼不受控制地挣扎着。A.frightened害怕的，受惊的；B.excited激动的；C.calm平静的；D.small小的。根据后文“sharkstruggledinanuncontrolledway”提到鲨鱼在挣扎，因为受惊了。故选A。【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它一度把救援人员扔到一边。A.viewers观众；B.professors教授；C.rescuers救援者；D.hunters猎人。此处指救援鲨鱼的人，被受惊的巨大的鲨鱼扔到一边，故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他们设法把它拉到更深的水里。A.agreed同意；B.managed设法；C.happened发生；D.seemed似乎。根据后文“topullittodeeperwater”以及后文鲨鱼游走了，说明他们成功把鲨鱼拉到了更深的水里。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，鲨鱼恢复了体力，就游走了，岸上其他人给了这些勇敢的人热烈的掌声。A.moments时刻；B.hours小时；C.days天；D.weeks周。根据后文“torecoverherenergy”可知，鲨鱼需要片刻时间来恢复体力。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：过了一会儿，鲨鱼恢复了体力，就游走了，岸上的其他人给了这些勇敢的人热烈的掌声。A.passedaway去世；B.swamaway游走；C.brokeaway脱离；D.walkedaway走开。根据后文“theothersontheshoregavethebravemenabigroundofapplause.”可知，鲨鱼得救游走了，所以岸上其他人都在欢呼。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“感谢那些帮助过我的人，”乔希告诉CNN。A.warned警告；B.encouraged鼓励；C.served服务；D.helped帮助。呼应上文“tolendahand”指帮助乔希的人，故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果没有他们，我不可能移动她。A.move移动；B.stop停止；C.defeat击败；D.find找到。根据后文“Shewasabout500to600pounds.(她大概有500到600磅重)”可知，此处指移动沉重的鲨鱼，应用move。故选A。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望每个来到海滩看到这种动物的人都能帮助它们。A.visitors游客；B.plants植物；C.animals动物；D.waters水/海域。根据后文“likethatcanhelpthemout”此处指在海滩看到搁浅的动物，能帮助它们。故选C。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。OnSeptember23rd,attheopeningceremonyofthe19thAsianGames____36____(hold)inHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince,China,torchbearers(火炬手)fromboththevirtualandrealworldslitthetorchtogether,Thetorchusedintherelay(接力)ofthe19thAsianGames____37____(name)the“EternalFlame”.The73- centimeter-hightorchweighs1.2kilograms,and____38____(it)surfacefeaturespatternsfromancientChineseculturecombined____39____moderndesignprinciples.ThedesignofthetorchwasinspiredbyjadecongfromtheLiangzhuArchaeologicalRuins,____40____islocatedintoday’sHangzhouandhasbeenwrittenontheWorldHeritageListasa____41____(culture)sitesinceJuly2019.Jadecong,oryucong,isanancientritualarticle(礼器),provingthe____42____(exist)ofatleast5,000yearsofChinesecivilization.“The19thAsianGameswillleave____43____(last)memoriesforpeoplearoundtheworld,”saidLiYiqing,spokespersonforthe19thAsianGamesopeningandclosingceremoniesoperationscenter.Thetorchrelayforthe19thAsianGames____44____(begin)inHangzhouonSeptember8andendedonSeptember20.Itfeatured2,022torchbearerswhopassedthetorchthrough11citiesinZhejiangProvince,showcasingChinesecultureandheartwarming_____45_____(story)ofordinarypeople.【答案】36.held37.isnamed##wasnamed38.its39.with40.which41.cultural42.existence43.lasting44.began45.stories【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了杭州亚运会火炬的设计灵感来源以及亚运会火炬传递情况。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：9月23日，在中国浙江省杭州市举行的第19届亚运会开幕式上，来自虚拟世界和现实世界的火炬手们共同点燃了火炬。分析句子结构可知hold与逻辑主语theopeningceremonyofthe19thAsianGames构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填held。【37题详解】考查时态语态。句意：在第19届亚运会传递中使用的火炬被命名为“永恒之火”。主语与谓语构成被动关系，此处可用一般现在时的被动语态或用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为Thetorch，谓语用单数。故填isnamed/wasnamed。【38题详解】考查代词。句意：火炬高73厘米，重1.2公斤，火炬表面的图案结合了中国古代文化和现代设计原则。修饰名词surface应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 【39题详解】考查介词。句意：火炬高73厘米，重1.2公斤，火炬表面的图案结合了中国古代文化和现代设计原则。表示“结合”短语为combinewith。故填with。【40题详解】考查定语从句。句意：火炬的设计灵感来自良渚考古遗址的玉雕，良渚考古遗址位于今天的杭州，于2019年7月被列入世界文化遗产名录。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词theLiangzhuArchaeologicalRuins，在从句中作主语，指物。故填which。【41题详解】考查形容词。句意：火炬的设计灵感来自良渚考古遗址的玉雕，良渚考古遗址位于今天的杭州，于2019年7月被列入世界文化遗产名录。修饰名词site应用形容词cultural，故填cultural。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：玉琮是一种古老的仪式用品，证明了中国文明至少有5000年的历史。作prove的宾语，应用名词existence，不可数。故填existence。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：第19届亚运会开闭幕式运营中心发言人李毅清表示：“第19届亚运会将给全世界人民留下永久的回忆。”修饰名词memories，表示“永久的”应用形容词lasting。故填lasting。【44题详解】考查时态。句意：第19届亚运会火炬传递于9月8日在杭州开始，于9月20日结束。根据后文onSeptember20可知为一般过去时。故填began。【45题详解】考查名词的数。句意：2022名火炬手在浙江省的11个城市传递火炬，展示了中国文化和普通人的感人故事。story为可数名词，前文没有冠词表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填stories。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你的同学Jenny发邮件说她准备参加你校即将举行的中国音乐大赛，但是她不知道选哪一首音乐参赛。请你回复邮件，内容包括：1．推荐乐曲；2．给出理由；3．表达期望。注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 DearJenny,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJenny,KnowingthatyouareveryinterestedintheupcomingChinesemusiccompetitioninourschool,Irecommendyoutochoose“TheButterflyLovers”onthefollowingreasons.Firstly,themusicisverybeautiful,andthestorybehinditisreallytouching.Inaddition,itwasmostlyplayedonaviolin.Ifyoucanplaythismusiconthepianothatyouaregoodat,itwillbeaperfectcombinationofChineseandWesternmusicculture,givingaudiencearefreshingfeeling.Ihopethatmyadvicewillbeofhelpforyou.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给同学Jenny回复邮件，对于她准备参加学校即将举行的中国音乐大赛推荐乐曲并给出理由，最后表达期望。【详解】1.词汇积累动人的：touching→moving此外：inaddition→additionally建议：advice→suggestion提供：give→offer2.句式拓展并列句变复合句原句：Firstlythemusicisverybeautiful,andthestorybehinditisreallytouching.拓展句：Firstly,themusicisverybeautiful,thestorybehindwhichisreallytouching. 【点睛】【高分句型1】KnowingthatyouareveryinterestedintheupcomingChinesemusiccompetitioninourschool,Irecommendyoutochoose“TheButterflyLovers”onthefollowingreasons.（运用了非谓语动词作状语和that引导的宾语从句）【高分句型2】Ifyoucanplaythismusiconthepianothatyouaregoodat,itwillbeaperfectcombinationofChineseandWesternmusicculture,givingaudiencearefreshingfeeling.（运用了if引导条件状语从句，that引导定语从句和非谓语动词作状语）第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Acoupleworkedhardtoprovidefortheirfamilywell,buttheirwealthcameattheexpenseoftheirtime.TheyhiredawomancalledMaytohelpraisetheirthreechildren.Theirfirstson,Matt,wasnow18,andtheyhadtwootherchildrenwhowere8and5yearsold.WhentheyhadMatt,theyweren’tfinanciallywealthy.However,bythetimeMattturned9,itslowlyimproved.WhenMattwas11,theydecidedtosendhimtoaprivateschoolsincetheycouldaffordit.ChangingtheschoolenvironmentbroughtaboutasuddenpersonalitychangeforMatt,andhisparentsbelieveditwasbecauseputtinghiminaclassofwealthyteenagersmadehimfeelsuperior(有优越感的).Throughtheyears,theconcernedparentstriedtochangethissideofMatt.Whenhewas16,theparentsmadehimtakeapart-timejobtostarttakingfinancialresponsibilityseriously.Atfirst,theparentsthoughtitworked.However,aftersometime,theboy’sparentsrealizedhehadn’tchanged.Oneday,thecoupleplannedtogoonvacation.InsteadofleavingMayathome,theydecidedtotakeherwiththemandboughtherafirst-classticket.Whiletheywereplanningthevacation,Mattoverheardthemtalking.Hefelthisparents’payingforMay’sfirst-classseatwasunnecessarybecausetheirfamilyhadalreadypaidforher.Themomwasshocked.Shesaiditwasmeanforhimtosaythat,especiallyaftereverythingMaydidforthem.SheaddedhowgratefulshewasforMay’shelp,asshegaveuptimeforherownchildtoraisehers—Mattincluded.Still,Mattcontinuedtoarguehispoint.Themomgrewtiredofhisselfishnessandsaidhe’dbetheoneinaneconomyseatandhadtopayforanupgradetofirstclassifhewantedone.Theboynodded,thinkingitwasajoke.注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右;2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Onthedayofthetrip,Mattrealizedhismomwastellingthetruth.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Stillfeelingashamedafterthetrip,theyoungmanknewhehadtochange.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】范文Onthedayofthetrip,Mattrealizedhismumwastellingthetruth.Hestartedlosinghistemperinthemiddleoftheairport.Hecomplainedtenhoursofflyinginasmalleconomyseatwouldbeveryuncomfortable.Hismotherrepliedthathecouldhaveusedthemoneyheearnedfromhisparttimejobtoupgrade.Mattwasspeechlessandhadtoacceptthedecision.ButtoMatt’ssurprise,MayaskedtheflightattendanttoswitchherandMatt’sseatsbeforetheplanetookoff.Mattgottositinfirstclassashewished,buthewasashamed.Stillfeelingashamedafterthetrip,theyoungmanknewhehadtochange.Herealizedallhisformercomfortablelifehadbeenduetohisparentsandhard-workingMay.Heshouldnolongertakewhatothersdidforgranted.Fromthenon,hecutdownhisowndailyexpensesandfocusedonhisschoolassignments.Heevendonatedsomeofhisexpensiveclothesandshoestostudentsinpoorareas.SeeingMatt’schangesafterthattrip.hisparentsfelthappyandrelieved.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一对夫妇努力工作以使家庭富裕，但他们的财富是以牺牲时间为代价的。他们雇了一个叫梅的女人来帮忙抚养他们的三个孩子。他们的第一个儿子马特现在已经18岁了，但是马特却因为家境变好性格发生了转变，甚至不同意给梅买头等舱机票。然而在飞机上，梅让空乘人员调换了和马特的位置，马特也因此感到羞愧，从此学会了感恩。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“在旅行那天，马特意识到他妈妈说的是实话”可知，第一段可描写马特在机场抱怨以及梅主动和马特换了位置，马特感到羞愧。 ②由第二段首句内容“旅行结束后，年轻人仍然感到羞愧，他知道他必须改变”可知，第二段可描写马特做出了改变，学会了感恩。2.续写线索：马特机场发脾气——不得不接受现实——梅换位置——马特感到羞愧——马特做出改变——马特学会感恩3.词汇激活行为类发脾气：loseone’stemper/blowup回答：reply/respond集中于：focuson/concentrateon情绪类不舒服：uncomfortable/uneasy惊讶：surprise/astonishment点睛】[高分句型1]Hismotherrepliedthathecouldhaveusedthemoneyheearnedfromhisparttimejobtoupgrade.(运用了that引导宾语从句)[高分句型2]SeeingMatt’schangesafterthattrip,hisparentsfelthappyandrelieved.(运用了现在分词作状语)