河南省商丘市第一高级中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期中英语试题（Word版附解析）

商丘市一高2023-2024学年第一学期期中考试高三英语时间：100分钟总分：120分第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms,whichreflecttheChinesepeople’sunderstandingoftime.Hereseveralspecialsolartermsarelisted.RainWaterRainWatersignalstheincreaseinrainfallandriseintemperature.Withitsarrival,theriverwaterdefreezes,wildgeesemovefromsouthtonorth,andtreesandgrassturngreenagain.Extracareisneededtocopewithareturningcoldspellinthisperiod.ThewetanddampweatherduringRainWaterperiodisconsideredharmfulforpeople’sspleen(脾)andstomachaccordingtoChinesemedicalpractice.Therefore,abowlofnutritiousporridgeisthebestchoicetonourishthebody.AwakeningofInsectsAsthethirdsolarterminthelunaryear,itsnameimpliesthatanimalssleepinginwinterareawakenedbyspringthunderandthattheearthbeginstocomebacktolife.Itisthekeytimeforspringagriculturalactivities.Modernmeteorologicalscienceshowsthataroundthisperiod,theearthbecomeswet,thehothumidairfromthenorthisstrongandcreatesfrequentwinds.Forthisreason,thunderoftenoccurs.SpringEquinoxSpringEquinoxsignalstheequallengthofthedayandnighttime.OnthedayoftheSpringEquinox,thesunisdirectlyabovetheequator.Aftertheequinox,thesunmovesnorthwards,resultingingraduallylongerdaytimeintheNorthernHemisphere.Standinganegguprightisapopulargameduringthisperiod.Itisbelievedthatifsomeonecanmaketheeggstand,hewillhavegoodluckinthefuture.GrainRainGrainRainoriginatesfromtheoldsaying,“Rainbringsupthegrowthofhundredsofgrains”,whichshowsthatthisperiodofrainfallisextremelyimportantforthegrowthofcropsandpeoplearebusyworkingontheland.GrainRainfallsbetweentheendofspringandthebeginningofsummer,withinfrequentcoldairmovingtothesouthandlingeringcoldairinthenorth.Withdrysoil,anunsteadyatmosphereandheavywindsandsandstormsbecomemorefrequent.21.WhatcanweknowaboutRainWater?A.RiverwaterstartstofreezeB.TakingoffthethickcoatsisadvisableC.Livelyspring-likescenerycanbeseenD.Itfallsbetweentheendofspringandthestartofsummer.22.WhatdoAwakeningofInsectsandGrainRainhaveincommon?A.FarmingseasonB.AnimalactivitiesC.AirtemperatureD.Frequentthundering23.Inwhichsolartermwouldpeoplemostprobablyputonmasks?A.RainWaterB.GrainRainC.SpringEquinoxD.AwakeningofInsectsBIwaslivingwithmygrandparentsatthetime.Ourgrandparentshadrecentlyretired.Whilethey’dmanagedtosaveenoughtobuyahome,theywereshortonlivingexpenses.So,ourgrandfathertookajobasdoorkeeperoftheJavaschoolbuilding.Keepingtheentirebuildingcleanwasastressfuljobforoneman.Realizingthis,Ibeganhelpinghimafterschool,sweepingroomsand emptyingwastebaskets,forasmallwage.Whenwinterarrived,hefireduptheschool’sfurnace(火炉).Hequicklyrealizedhowdifficultithadbecomeforhimtoshovel(铲)thehugepileofcoalchipsrequiredtofillinthefurnace.Ivolunteeredtotakeonthatjob,acommitmentthatrequiredmetosetmyalarmclockanhourearliereachmorning.I’dgoovertotheschool,andshovelahalftonofcoal, enoughtokeepthefireburningfor24hours.Afterfinishingthattask,I’dgohome,changeclothes,andeatbreakfast.ThenI’dheadbacktoschool,alwaysatthelastminute.ItwasduringthosemorningrushestoschoolthatIdiscoveredmysuperpower.Ontwomornings,attheveryinstantIsteppedontothesidewalkinfrontoftheschool,thefirstbellrang.Thatwasthesignalforstudentstoheadtoclass.Thisastonishingcoincidencecausedmetoimprovemyprecision.Icarefullyplannedeachphaseofmymorningactivity.Ipacedmyself.OftenI’dstepontotheschool’ssidewalkjustasthefirstbellrang.Thisaccomplishmentgavemeenormouspride—andsomestrangefeelings.Decadeslater,ataschoolreunion,IhappenedtomeetHaroldSpiry,whohadbeeninchargeofringingthebellbypressingabuttoninhisoffice.Icouldn’tresistboasting(吹嘘).ItoldMr.SpiryabouthowwellIhadorderedmycomplexmorningworkbackthen,howmytiminghadbeenfaultless.“Ohthat,”hesaid.“Doyourecallthatmyofficewindowslookedoutoverthefrontofthebuilding?Ioftensawyoucoming.Andwhenyouhitthesidewalk,I’dringthebell.”24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”referto?A.Grandparents’lackoflivingexpensesB.Granddad’sretiringasadoorkeeperC.Grandparents’savingmoneytobuyahouseD.Granddad’shardshipsincleaningthewholebuilding25.Whydidtheauthorgetupearliereverymorning?A.ToavoidbeinglateforschoolB.TohelphisgranddadcleanclassroomsC.Tofillcoalintotheschool’sfurnaceD.Tovolunteertoemptywastebaskets.26.Whattalentdidtheauthorfindabouthimself?A.HehadtheabilitytobeontimeB.HewasgoodatmorningactivitiesC.HecoulddothingsathisownpaceD.Hecouldfireupthefurnacealone27.HowwouldtheauthorfeelafterhearingwhatHaroldSpirysaid?A.ProudB.SurprisedC.CautiousD.RegretfulCForme,alargepartofgrowingfromagirlintoawomanwasdevelopingahatredformybody.WhenIwasakid,Ididn’tthinkaboutmybodyallthatmuch.Myattitudestowardsmybodychangedaroundmiddleschoolwhenpeopleweretalkingaboutstaying“inshape”andgoingondiets.AndthusIstartedtointernalizetheharmfulstandardthatwehavetolookgoodallthetime.Looksaregivenfartoomuchimportanceinoursociety.Womenaresupposedtolookperfectallthetime.We’resupposedtoidolize(崇拜)celebritieswhohavefarmoretimeandmoneytospendontheirappearancethantheaverageperson.It’ssimplynotattainable.Ilovetheideaofbodypositivity.Ifirmlybelievethateveryoneshouldtrytolovethemselvesasmuchaspossible.However,it’salmostimpossibletoloveeverypartofyourbodyallthetime.Personally,Icouldneverachievethat.It’sagoodideatopromotebodypositivityintheory,butitalsoallowsustobeatourselvesupbecausewedon’tloveourselvesallthetime.Bodyneutrality(中立)isamuchmoreattainablegoal.Bodyneutralitypromotestheideathatyourbodyissimplyyourbodyinsteadofthinkingsomethingisgoodorbad.Thismentalityiseasiertoachieve,anditdoesn’tforceyoutotrytolovethingsyoudon’tlove.Wedon’tneedtoloveeverypartofourbody—it’sjustabody.Anotherwaytoviewyourbodyistobethankfulforeverythingthatitdoesforyouratherthanhowitlooks.Forexample,IamgratefulthatmybodyallowsmetogoskiingbecauseIloveskiing.Thisshiftinmentalitycanbehelpfulbecauseitfocusesonyourbody’sabilitytodothingsyoulove,insteadofyourappearance.Ultimately,theidealmentalityislovingeverypartofyourbodyallthetime.However,themore realisticalternativeisacceptingyourbodyforwhatitisandwhatitdoesforyou.Lovecancomeafter,butneutralityisagoodplacetostart.28.Whydidtheauthorchangeherattitudetowardsappearancearoundmiddleschool?A.BecauseshewasinfluencedbyothersB.BecauseshebegantodislikeherbodyC.BecauseshethoughtitimportanttostayinshapeD.Becauseshefailedtomeetherschool’sstandards29.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsbodypositivity?A.SupportiveB.DoubtfulC.PrejudicedD.Indifferent30.Whatdoesbodyneutralitypromote?A.PursuingperfectionintermsofbodyimageB.TryingtochangeyourappearanceconstantlyC.LovingeverypartofyourbodyunconditionallyD.Acceptingyourbodyasitiswithoutjudgment31.Whatisthesuggestedmentalitytowardsyourbody?A.IgnoringitslimitationsB.FocusingonappearanceC.BeinggratefulforitscapabilitiesD.BeingcriticalofitsimperfectionsDConsiderthepossibilitythatallhumantechnologystartedwithamistake—oratleastalackofhand-eyecoordination.InanewstudypublishedonFridayinScienceAdvances,LydiaLunczandTomosProffitt,bothattheMaxPlanckInstituteforEvolutionaryAnthropologyinLeipzig,Germany,arguethatmistakenlycreatedflakes(薄片)mayhavebeenourancientancestors’orothernow-extinctearlyhumanrelatives“firststeptowardcreatingthesharp-edgedtoolsthattheyusedtobutcheranimalsandcutedibleplants.Todotheirresearch,LunczandProffitttraveledtoanabandonedoilpalmplantationnearThailand’sPhangNgaBayandcollectedmorethan1,100piecesofnut-crackingstonesusedbyatroopoflong-tailedmacaques(猕猴).Macaquescrackopenoilpalmnutsbyplacingthemonaflatstoneandstrikingtheirshellwithanotherstone.Thesemonkeysoftenmissthenutandaccidentallybreakthestones,producingsharpflakes.LunczandProffittanalyzedthesestones,whichrevealedasurprisingfact:Theflakesthatthemacaquesunintentionallyproducedlookedalotliketheoldeststonetoolsthatwereintentionallymadebyhominins(古人类).Macaquesdon’tusethesharpflakestheycreateforanything,Lunczadds,notingthatthemonkeyshavesharpteethanddon’tneedcuttingtools.Thesimilarancientstonetoolscollectedfromsomeoftheearliestknownsites,however,showevidenceofbeingusedforcuttingtasks.Forexample,inOldowan,asitedatingbetween3.3millionand1.5millionyearsago,researchersanalyzeduse-wearpatternsonthetoolsandfoundthatsomeoftheflakesshoweddamagealongtheiredges,indicatingthattheyhadbeenusedforcutting.Cutmarksonsomefossilsrevealedthathomininshadusedstonetoolsforbutcheringtheanimals,makingitclearthatthesharpstonetoolswereanythingbutunintentionalby-productsofotherpoundingactivities.Despitethefindings,torevealthemechanismfortheemergenceofflaketechnology,researchersstillneedtolearnhowhomininsmadetheleapfromaccidentallyproducingsharpflakestopickingthemupandusingthem.LunczandProffitthopetofindthemissinglinkinfurtherstudies.32.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A.ThetworesearcherswenttoThailandandcollected1,100flakesB.Long-tailedmacaquesusedtheflakestocrackopenoilpalmnutsC.MacaquesdeliberatelyproducedflakesforcuttingbybreakingstonesD.Theflakesproducedbymacaquesweresimilartohominins’stonetools33.WhydoestheauthormentiontheOldowansiteinparagraph3?A.ToprovidespecificproofB.ToclarifyacomplexconceptC.TopresentaninterestingfactD.Tomakeadetailedcomparison 34.WhatwillLunczandProffittprobablyfocusonintheirfuturestudy?A.WhymacaquescreateflakesB.WhyhomininsusedstonetoolsC.HowmacaquescutfoodwithflakesD.Howhomininsbeganusingflakes35.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Amistake:theoriginofhumantechnologyB.Flaketechnology:frommacaquestohomininsC.Poundingactivities:onhumanevolutionarycourseD.Amissinglink:long-tailedmacaquescreateflakes.第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyou’veeverbeenbittenbyamosquito,youknowhowfrustratingtheirbitescanbe.36,creatinganitch(痒)thatonceyoustartscratchingonlyseemstogetworse.Whydoesamosquitobiteitchandwhatcanwedo?Whydoesamosquitobiteitch?Whenamosquitobitesyou,itpiercestheskinusingaspecialmouthparttosuckupbloodandinjectssaliva(唾液)intoyourskin.Mosquitoes’salivahaslotsofproteinsinit,someofwhichourbodyrecognizesasforeign,andourimmunecellsspringintoactiontotrytofightthem.37.Itsactuallythebody’sresponsetotheforeignmosquitoproteinitistryingtofight.That’swhysomepeoplemayonlyhaveamildreactiontobites,whileothers,moresensitivetotheforeignprotein,reactwithlargeareasofswellingthataremorepainful.Whathelpsresisttheurgetoscratch?“Don’tscratch”istheadvicethatmostexpertsandhealthprofessionalsgive.Ashardandsometimesunrealisticasitcansound,scratchinginflames(发炎)theskin,andtheinflammationmakestheskinitchmore.“38,”warnedDanielMarkowski,technicaladviserfortheAmericanMosquitoControlAssociation,addingthatinextremecases,peoplecanscarthemselves.Instead,therearedozensofcreamsandspraysthatpromiseitchreliefaswellashomeremedy(疗法).Choosewhat’srightforyoucanoftencomedowntotrialanderror.Ingeneral,allofthevariousanti-itchcreamsareverysimilar.Thereisnoscientificevidencetheseremedieswork,andtheycancomewiththeirownprecautionsorsideeffects.39.40Somepeoplecanhaveseriousallergicreactionstomosquitoes,althoughinpracticeitisrare,Vosshallsaid.Ifyouexperienceseveresymptomssuchasbreathingtrouble,youshouldseekmedicalattentionimmediately.A.Whentoseekmedicalattention?B.Whattodowithamosquitobite?C.It’snotthebitethatcausestheitchD.Themoreyouscratch,themoretheyitchE.ThelittleredbumpsswellupalmostimmediatelyF.ScratchingcancausesecondaryinfectionsandprolongtheirritationG.Infact,thebestremedytofighttheitchistopreventabiteinthefirstplace第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Lastyearinearlysummer,IwaswalkingtomyhousewhenIsawtwolargebirdsstandinginmyyard.Theydidn’tseemto41meuntilIwasrightinfrontofthemandthenthey42disappearedintothenearbybushes.Iwasquiteexcitedbythe43oftwospecialbirdsmakinganest(巢)inmyyard.Afewweekslater,thebirds44.Ifoundthemcrouching(蹲伏)besideatree.AsIapproachedthem,they45theirheadsandmadeacroaking(嘶哑地叫)sound.Ididn’tknowwhytheywerecroakingatmeuntilashorttimelaterImadeanamazing46:thereweretwosmallbirds47aroundhappily. AsIinchedtowardsthebirds,48nottomakesuddenmovements,theystartedtheircroakingagain,puttingtheirnecksforwardsotheyseemed49andmorethreatening.Themotherputthebabybirdsunderherwingsandcarefullycroucheddownoverthemsoherbabieswerewell50.IwaswatchingthemwithrespectwhenIsuddenly51andfelltotheground.Themothertookthisasa/an52andthefatherracedtowardsme,53hiswingstoprotectthemotherandthebabybirds.Ifeltsorrytohavedisturbedthemandleftquickly.Iamamazedbytheir54actions.Theirparentallovemadethemsocourageous.Itishardnottoshow55fornature.41.A.remindB.confirmC.noticeD.protest42.A.immediatelyB.familiarlyC.creativelyD.slowly43.A.feelingB.senseC.opinionD.idea44.A.investigatedB.removedC.gatheredD.reappeared45.A.stuckoutB.putdownC.hangoutD.turnedaroun46.A.collectionB.discoveryC.conclusionD.mission47.A.jumpingB.fightingC.seekingD.marching48.A.curiousB.patientC.worriedD.careful49.A.neaterB.simplerC.longerD.stronger50.A.fedB.hiddenC.raisedD.identified51.A.trippedB.movedC.alarmedD.responded52.A.targetB.defenceC.threatD.escape.53.A.shootingB.spillingC.foldingD.spreading54.A.militaryB.individualC.braveD.average55.A.gratitudeB.respectC.emotionD.pleasure第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式,并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。IfyouhavethechancetogobacktoancientChinaandask(56)educatedmanwhathisbiggestdreamwas.Hewouldtellyouthathewantstobecomeazhuangyuan,atitle(57)(give)tothescholar(58)camefirstinthehighestimperialexamination.InancientChina,itwasnotthat(59)(ease)tobeanofficial.Youhavetotakeexamsfirst.Theexamsareverydifficultandhavemany(60)(procedure).TheoutcomehastobeconfirmedbytheEmperor(61)(he).Thenumberonescholarwiththebestscoreintheimperialexamiscalledzhuangyuan.Onceyou(62)(select)aszhuangyuan,youwillbeappreciatedbytheEmperorandappearinaparadedowntown(63)aredrobeandatall,stronghorse.Zhuangyuanisreferredtotheelitescholars.Nowtheimperialcompetitiveexaminationhasbeencanceledformanyyears.However,peoplestillliketocall(64)(good)personintheirfieldazhuangyuan.Anoldsayinggoesthatthereare360trades(65)everytradehashismaster,orzhuangyuan.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，你的留学生朋友Jim对中国传统文化很感兴趣，准备参加中国传统技能冬令营：“中国书法冬令营”或者“中国武术冬令营”。Jim希望你能给些建议帮助他进行选择。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：1.你建议的班型；2.你的理由；3.你的祝愿。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：中国书法ChineseCalligraphy     中国武术ChineseMartialArts_________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。TheMagicBusIwastravellingonanovernightbusfromKolhapurtoAurangabadinMaharashtra.ThiswaswaybackinMay1972,whenIwasstillincollege.Thebus—anordinary,non-air-conditionedone—wasmorethanpacked;all55seatswereoccupiedandthereweresome20peoplestandingintheaisle(过道).Thehotdayaddedtothediscomfortoftherough,10-hourjourney.BecauseIwastravellingonastudentbuspass,Icouldnotclaimareservedseat.Ihadnooptionbuttostand—quiteuncomfortably.Thebusstarteditsjourneyalittlelaterthanscheduled.Thepassengersseatedcomfortablybythewindowsworehappyexpressionsastheylookedattheoutsideworld,thebreezekissingtheirfaces.Thepeopleseatedbytheaislecomplainedaboutthestandingones,whohadnooptionbuttooccasionallyleanontheseatcorners.Theairinsidewashotandfilledwithstrange,unpleasantsmells.Someenthusiastictravellershadcarriedsmalltransistorradioswiththeslimhopethattheywouldbeabletolistentosomemusicontheway.Afteraroundtwoverylonghours,Iwasbeyondexhaustedandbored.Ikepttryingtobalancemyself,shiftingmybodyweightfromonelegtotheothertomanagethediscomfort.Afteranotherlonghour,Iwaswetwithsweatinthenoiseandshakyrhythmofthebus.Isuddenlysensedasofthandtappingmyelbow(手肘),askingforattention.Turningaround,Ifoundamiddle-agedmanwithakindsmilelookingupatme.HesuddenlystoodupandsaidIcouldtakehisseatforsometime.Iwaspleasantlysurprisedandimmediatelyacceptedhisoffer,myentirebodyheavingasighofrelief.Theman,whoseseatIwasin,stoodnexttome,lookingaroundinamusement.Afterabout20minutes,Isignalledhimtotakebackhisspace.Aman,whowassittingbythewindowontheothersideofthebus,hadobservedourexchange.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph1:Justthen,somethingmagicalhappened._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Thebusreacheditsdestinationintheearlyhoursofthemorning._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________英语参考答案 A21.C22.A23.B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国24节气中的“雨水”、“惊蛰”、“春分”和“谷雨”这四个节气，让我们进一步了解这四个节气的气候和习俗。21．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Withitsarrival,theriverwaterdefreezes,wildgeesemovefromsouthtonorth,andtreesandgrassturngreenagain.(随着它的到来，河水解冻，大雁由南向北迁徙，树木和草又变绿了)”可知，雨水之后热闹的春色随处可见。故选C项。22．判断推理题。根据第三段中“Itisthekeytimeforspringagriculturalactivities.(这是春季农业活动的关键时期)”可知，惊蛰是农业的关键，以及最后一段第一句“GrainRainoriginatesfromtheoldsaying,‘Rainbringsupthegrowthofhundredsofgrains’,whichshowsthatthisperiodofrainfallisextremelyimportantforthegrowthofcropsandpeoplearebusyworkingontheland.(谷雨源于古语“雨生百谷”，说明这一时期的降雨对农作物的生长极为重要，人们正忙于耕作)”结合来看，可得知惊蛰和谷雨这两个节气对农业来说都很重要，是耕作的季节。故选A项。23．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Withdrysoil,anunsteadyatmosphereandheavywindsandsandstormsbecomemorefrequent.(由于土壤干燥，大气不稳定和强风，沙尘暴变得更加频繁)”可推测，在谷雨时沙尘暴经常出现，所以人们最可能需要佩戴口罩保护自己。故选B项B24.D25.C26.A27.B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者在上学期间，每天早晨帮助在学校打工的祖父做一些事情之后，急忙去上学，作者发现自己常常在第一声铃响的时候踏上学校的人行道，认为自己具备完美安排时间的能力，直到多年以后，才发现事实的真相的故事。24．细节理解题。根据第二段画线词前面的“ourgrandfathertookajobasdoorkeeperoftheJavaschoolbuilding.Keepingtheentirebuildingcleanwasastressfuljobforoneman.(我们的祖父做了一份Java学校大楼的门卫的工作。对一个人来说，保持整栋楼的清洁是一项压力很大的工作)”可知，这里的this指的是前面提到的作者的祖父一个人完成整幢楼的卫生打扫是非常困难的这件事。故选D。25．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Whenwinterarrived,hefireduptheschool’sfurnace(火炉).Hequicklyrealizedhowdifficultithadbecomeforhimtoshovel(铲)thehugepileofcoalchipsrequiredtofillinthefurnace.Ivolunteeredtotakeonthatjob,acommitmentthatrequiredmetosetmyalarmclockanhourearliereachmorning.(冬天来临时，他把学校的火炉点着了。他很快意识到，要铲起填满熔炉所需的大堆煤屑已经变得多么困难。我自愿接受了那份工作，这份工作要求我每天早上把闹钟调早一个小时)”可知，作者起早到达学校是为了代替祖父给学校的炉子加煤。故选C。26．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Ontwomornings,attheveryinstantIsteppedontothesidewalkinfrontoftheschool,thefirstbellrang.(有两个早晨，就在我踏上学校门前人行道的那一刻，第一声铃响了)”和“Thisastonishingcoincidencecausedmetoimprovemyprecision.Icarefullyplannedeachphaseofmymorningactivity.Ipacedmyself.OftenI’dstepontotheschool’ssidewalkjustasthefirstbellrang.(这个惊人的巧合使我提高了我的精确度。我仔细地计划了我早上活动的每一个阶段。我控制了自己的节奏。我经常在第一次上课铃响的时候走上学校的人行道)”可知，作者发现自己具有做事准时的能力,故选A。27．推理判断题。作者一直认为自己有超常的准时性。但听了HaroldSpiry的解释后，作者自诩的准时性其实并不存在，这时作者感到的不是骄傲、谨慎或遗憾，而最有可能的是意外。故选B。C28.A29.B30.D31.C【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述作者在中学前后改变了对的态度，建议我们爱自己身体的每一部分，接受自己的身体和它对自己的作用28．细节理解题。根据第一段“Myattitudestowardsmybodychangedaroundmiddleschoolwhenpeoplewere talkingaboutstaying“inshape”andgoingondiets.AndthusIstartedtointernalizetheharmfulstandardthatwehavetolookgoodallthetime.(我对自己身体的态度在中学前后发生了改变，当时人们都在谈论保持“身材”和节食。因此，我开始内化那种有害的标准，即我们必须一直看起来很好。)”可知，当别人开始谈论保持“身材”和节食的时候，作者对自己身体的态度发生改变，由此可知作者是受了别人的影响，故选A。29．推理判断题。根据第三段“Ilovetheideaofbodypositivity.Ifirmlybelievethateveryoneshouldtrytolovethemselvesasmuchaspossible.However,it’salmostimpossibletoloveeverypartofyourbodyallthetime.Personally,Icouldneverachievethat.It’sagoodideatopromotebodypositivityintheory,butitalsoallowsustobeatourselvesupbecausewedon’tloveourselvesallthetime.(我喜欢身体积极性这个概念。我坚信每个人都应该尽可能地爱自己。然而，要一直爱你身体的每一个部位几乎是不可能的。就我个人而言，我永远无法做到这一点。从理论上讲，提高身体积极性是个好主意，但这也会让我们自责，因为我们并不总是爱自己。)”可推知，作者对身体积极性的态度是怀疑的，故选B。30．细节理解题。根据第四段“Bodyneutralitypromotestheideathatyourbodyissimplyyourbodyinsteadofthinkingsomethingisgoodorbad.Thismentalityiseasiertoachieve,anditdoesn’tforceyoutotrytolovethingsyoudon’tlove.Wedon’tneedtoloveeverypartofourbody—it’sjustabody.(身体中立是指你的身体就是你的身体，而不是认为某事是好是坏。这种心态更容易实现，它不会强迫你去爱你不喜欢的东西。我们不需要爱我们身体的每一部分——它只是一具身体。)”可知，身体中立提倡的就是客观的看待身体，也就是不加评判地接受你的身体。故选D。31．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ultimately,theidealmentalityislovingeverypartofyourbodyallthetime.However,themorerealisticalternativeisacceptingyourbodyforwhatitisandwhatitdoesforyou.Lovecancomeafter,butneutralityisagoodplacetostart.(最终，理想的心态是一直爱你身体的每一个部位。然而，更现实的选择是接受你的身体和它对你的作用。爱可以紧随其后，但中立是一个很好的开始。)”可知，建议你对自己身体的心态就是接受你的身体，也就是对身体对你的作用和能力表示感激，故选C。D32.D33.A34.D35.B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过一项动物研究，介绍了我们早期人类因为意外情况使用工具的情况。32．细节理解题。根据第二段的“LunczandProffittanalyzedthesestones,whichrevealedasurprisingfact:Theflakesthatthemacaquesunintentionallyproducedlookedalotliketheoldeststonetoolsthatwereintentionallymadebyhominins(古人类).(Luncz和Proffitt分析了这些石头，发现了一个令人惊讶的事实：猕猴无意中产生的薄片看起来很像人类故意制造的最古老的石器。)”可知，猕猴制作的薄片与人类的石器相似。故选D。33．推理判断题。根据第三段的“Thesimilarancientstonetoolscollectedfromsomeoftheearliestknownsites,however,showevidenceofbeingusedforcuttingtasks.Forexample,inOldowan,asitedatingbetween3.3millionand1.5millionyearsago,researchersanalyzeduse-wearpatternsonthetoolsandfoundthatsomeoftheflakesshoweddamagealongtheiredges,indicatingthattheyhadbeenusedforcutting.(然而，从一些已知最早的遗址中收集到的类似的古代石器显示出用于切割任务的证据。例如，在奥尔德万，一个可以追溯到大约330万到150万年前的遗址。研究人员分析了这些工具的使用磨损模式，发现一些薄片的边缘有损伤，表明它们曾被用来切割。)”可推断，作者提到奥尔德万遗址是为了提供具体的证据来说明古代石器用于切割任务。故选A。34．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Despitethefindings,torevealthemechanismfortheemergenceofflaketechnology,researchersstillneedtolearnhowhomininsmadetheleapfromaccidentallyproducingsharpflakestopickingthemupandusingthem.LunczandProffitthopetofindthemissinglinkinfurtherstudies.(尽管有了这些发现，为了揭示薄片技术出现的机制，研究人员仍然需要了解人类是如何从偶然产生尖锐的薄片到捡起并使用它们的。Luncz和Proffitt希望在进一步的研究中找到缺失的环节。)”可知，为了揭示薄片技术背后的机制，研究者们仍然需要了解古人类是如何从意外产生锋利的薄片，到捡起并使用它们的。伦茨和普罗菲特希望在接下来的研究中可以找到缺失的这一环（即原始人是如何开始使用薄片的），故选D。35．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本篇是一篇科研报告类文章，第一段的“InanewstudypublishedonFridayin ScienceAdvances,LydiaLunczandTomosProffitt,bothattheMaxPlanckInstituteforEvolutionaryAnthropologyinLeipzig,Germany,arguethatmistakenlycreatedflakes(薄片)mayhavebeenourancientancestors’orothernow-extinctearlyhumanrelatives“firststeptowardcreatingthesharp-edgedtoolsthattheyusedtobutcheranimalsandcutedibleplants.(在周五发表在《科学进展》上的一项新研究中，德国莱比锡马克斯普朗克进化人类学研究所的LydiaLuncz和TomosProffitt认为，错误地制造出的薄片可能是我们的古代祖先或其他现已灭绝的早期人类亲戚制造出锋利的工具的第一步，他们用来屠宰动物和切割可食用的植物。)”点明了新研究的结果，后文详细描述了研究过程和局限性及等未来研究前景，因此推断B项“薄片技术：从猕猴到人类。”为最佳标题。故选B项。七选五36.E37.C38.F39.G40.A【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要分析了为什么蚊子叮咬会痒、如何抵制抓挠的冲动以及何时就医。36．根据下文“creatinganitch(痒)thatonceyoustartscratchingonlyseemstogetworse(产生一种瘙痒感，一旦你开始抓挠，似乎只会变得更严重)”可知，下文是空格处的结果状语。E项“Thelittleredbumpsswellupalmostimmediately.(这些小红肿几乎立即膨胀起来)”承接上文说明蚊子叮咬后的反应，又可以导致下文“抓挠只会变得更严重”的结果，符合文意。故选E。37．根据本段小标题“Whydoesamosquitobiteitch?(为什么蚊子叮咬会痒？)”可知，本段主要讲述为什么蚊子叮咬会痒。根据下文“It’sactuallythebody’sresponsetotheforeignmosquitoproteinitistryingtofight.(实际上，这是身体对它试图对抗的外来蚊子蛋白质的反应)”中的“actually”推知，空处陈述人们大都认为叮咬会痒的原因——蚊子的叮咬。空格C项“It’snotthebitethatcausestheitch.(瘙痒不是由咬引起的)”，符合文意。故选C。38．根据下文“addingthatinextremecases,peoplecanscarthemselves.(他补充道，在极端情况下，人们会给自己留下疤痕)”可知，上文应阐述瘙痒产生的一般后果。F项“Scratchingcancausesecondaryinfectionsandprolongtheirritation.(搔痒可能会导致继发感染并延长刺激时间)”，符合文意。故选F。39．根据上文“Thereisnoscientificevidencetheseremedieswork,andtheycancomewiththeirownprecautionsorsideeffects.(没有科学证据表明这些药物有效，它们可以有自己的预防措施或副作用)”可知，没有科学证据表明止痒霜有效，且可能有副作用。由此推知，下文应提及对抗瘙痒的有效方法。G项“Infact,thebestremedytofighttheitchistopreventabiteinthefirstplace(事实上，对抗瘙痒的最好方法是首先防止被咬)”，符合文意。故选G。40．根据本文结构可知，空格处是本段的小标题。根据下文“Ifyouexperienceseveresymptomssuchasbreathingtrouble,youshouldseekmedicalattentionimmediately.(如果出现呼吸困难等严重症状，应立即就医)”可知，本段主要围绕“就医”展开论述，且应是一个问句。A项“Whentoseekmedicalattention?（何时就诊？）”，符合文意。故选A。完型填空41.C42.A43.D44.D45.A46.B47.A48.D49.D50.B51.A52.C53.D54.C55.B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者在家门口发现筑巢的小鸟，并感叹鸟父母保护孩子的本能，体会到敬畏大自然的道理。41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们似乎没有注意到我，直到我走到它们的正前方，它们才立刻消失在附近的灌木丛中。A.remind使想起；B.confirm证实；C.notice注意到；D.protest抗议。根据下文中的“untilIwasrightinfrontofthemandthenthey___2___disappearedintothenearbybushes.”可知，作者到了他们前面，他们才飞走，说明他们没有“注意到”作者。故选C项。42．考查副词词义辨析。句意：它们似乎没有注意到我，直到我走到它们的正前方，它们才立刻消失在附近的灌木丛中。A.immediately立刻，马上；B.familiarly熟悉地；C.creatively创造性地；D.slowly慢慢地。根据常识 和下文中的“disappearedintothenearbybushes.”可知，鸟发现人，应是“立刻”飞走，消失在树丛中。故选A项。43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：两只特别的鸟在我的院子里筑巢的想法让我很兴奋。A.feeling感觉；B.sense意义；C.opinion观点；D.idea想法。根据上文中的“Iwasquiteexcited”和下文中的“oftwospecialbirdsmakinganest(巢)inmyyard”可知，两只特殊的鸟在院子里筑巢，这应是作者的一个“想法”，这想法让作者很兴奋。故选D项。44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周后，这些鸟又出现了。A.investigated调查；B.removed清除；C.gathered聚集；D.reappeared再次出现。根据上文中的“Lastyearinearlysummer,IwaswalkingtomyhousewhenIsawtwolargebirdsstandinginmyyard.”和“Afewweekslater,thebirds”可知，此处指的是作者几周前见到的两只鸟“又出现”了。故选D项。45．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我走近它们时，它们伸出脑袋，发出呱呱的声音。A.stuckout伸出；B.putdown放下；C.hangout闲逛；D.turnedaround转向。根据语境和上文中的“AsIapproachedthem”以及下文中的“theirheadsandmadeacroaking(嘶哑地叫)sound.”可知，作者靠近鸟们时，鸟们要应会作出防御动作，所以此处为“伸出”脑袋，发出嘶哑的叫声，符合语境。故选A项。46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道他们为什么对我呱呱叫，直到不久之后，我有了一个惊人的发现：有两只小鸟快乐地跳来跳去。A.collection收藏；B.discovery发现；C.conclusion结论；D.mission任务。根据下文中的“thereweretwosmallbirds___7___aroundhappily.”可知，有两只小鸟跳来跳去，由此可知，这是作者的一个“发现”符合语境。故选B项。47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道他们为什么对我呱呱叫，直到不久之后，我有了一个惊人的发现：有两只小鸟快乐地跳来跳去。A.jumping跳起；B.fighting战斗；C.seeking寻找；D.marching行进。根据常识以及下文中的happily可知，此处应为小鸟快乐地“跳来跳去”符合语境。故选A项。48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我小心翼翼地挪向鸟儿时，它们又开始叫了起来，脖子向前伸着，显得更强壮，更有威胁性。A.curious好奇的；B.patient耐心的；C.worried担忧的；D.careful小心的。根据上文中的“AsIinchedtowardsthebirds”可知，作者谨慎移动，所以此处为“小心翼翼的”符合语境。故选D项。49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我小心翼翼地挪向鸟儿时，它们又开始叫了起来，脖子向前伸着，显得更强壮，更有威胁性。A.neater更整洁；B.simpler更简单；C.longer更长；D.stronger更强大。根据上文中的“theystartedtheircroakingagain,puttingtheirnecksforward”可知，鸟们见到作者就大叫，脖子向前伸着，一幅打架的姿势，结合下文中的“morethreatening”可知，此处指的是他们这样做是为了显得“更强大”符合语境。故选D项。50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈把小鸟放在自己的翅膀下，小心翼翼地蹲下身子，把它们藏得很好。A.fed喂；B.hidden藏起来；C.raised提高；D.identified识别，辨别。根据语境及上文中的“Themotherputthebabybirdsunderherwingsandcarefullycroucheddownoverthem”可知，见到作者，鸟妈妈把小鸟放在翅膀下，然后蹲下身子，这应是把小鸟“藏起来”的动作。故选B项。51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正怀着敬意看着他们，突然绊了一下，摔倒在地。A.tripped绊倒；B.moved移动；C.alarmed使害怕；D.responded作出回应。根据上文中的“suddenly”以及下文中的“andfelltotheground.”可知，作者突然摔到在地，由此可知，此处为“绊倒”符合语境。故选A项。52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：鸟妈妈认为这是一种威胁，于是鸟爸爸向我扑过来，张开翅膀保护鸟妈妈和鸟宝宝。A.target目标；B.defence防御；C.threat威胁；D.escape逃跑。根据上文中的“IwaswatchingthemwithrespectwhenIsuddenly___11___andfelltotheground.”可知，作者突然绊了一下摔倒在地，鸟妈妈应是也受到惊吓，所以此处指的是鸟妈妈把这当成一种“威胁”符合语境。故选C项。53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：鸟妈妈认为这是一种威胁，于是鸟爸爸向我扑过来，张开翅膀保护鸟妈妈和鸟宝宝。A.shooting射击；B.spilling溅起；C.folding折叠；D.spreading展开。根据上文中的“thefatherracedtowardsme”以及下文中的“toprotectthemotherandthebabybirds.”可知，鸟爸爸为了保护鸟妈妈与鸟宝宝，应是“展开”翅膀，向作者扑来。故选D项。54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对他们的勇敢行为感到惊讶。A.military军事的；B.individual个人的；C.brave勇敢的；D.average平均的。根据下文中的“Theirparentallovemadethemsocourageous.”可知，作父母的 爱让他们如此英勇，由此可知，此处为“勇敢的”行为。故选C项。55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不尊重自然是很难的。A.gratitude感激；B.respect尊敬；C.emotion情绪；D.pleasure快乐。根据语境以及上文中的“IwaswatchingthemwithrespectwhenIsuddenly___11___andfelltotheground.”可知，作者的此次经历，使他意识到，要想不“尊重”大自然都很难。故选B项。56．an57．given58．who/that59．easy60．procedures61．himself62．areselected63．with64．thebest65.and【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要简单介绍了古代的科举考试的状元。56．考查冠词。句意：如果你有机会回到古代中国去问一个受过教育的人，他的梦想是什么。此处“man人”为可数名词，且此处泛指“一个受过教育的人”，故应用不定冠词，educated音素以元音音素开头，故应用不定冠词an，故填an。57．考查非谓语动词。他会告诉你他想要中状元，也就是授予在最高科举考试中得第一的学者的头衔。此处作定语，修饰title，give与title之间为被动关系，故此处应用过去分词作后置定语，故填given。58．考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处引导定语从句，先行词为scholar，指人，定语从句中缺主语，故应用who/that引导，故填who/that。59．考查形容词。句意：在古代中国，当官并不那么容易。此处作表语，主语为不定式tobeanofficial，故此处应用形容词“easy容易”作表语，说明主语的特性，故填easy。60．考查名词的数。句意：考试很难，而且要经过很多程序。此处“procedure程序”为可数名词，在句中作宾语，且根据空格前的different可知，此处应用名词的复数形式，故填procedures。61．考查代词。句意：结果必须由皇帝本人确认。此处作emperor的同位语，故应用反身代词“himself他自己”，故填himself。62．考查语态。句意：一旦你被选为庄园，你会受到皇帝的赏识，穿着红色长袍，骑着一匹高大强壮的马出现在市中心的游行队伍中。此处作谓语动词，主语为you，与select之间为被动关系，且根据主语的youwill可知，此处应用一般现在时，主将从现，故填areselected。63．考查介词。句意：同上。此处指穿着红色长袍，骑着一匹高大强壮的马，表伴随，故应用介词with，故填with。64．考查形容词最高级。句意：然而，人们仍然喜欢叫他们领域里最优秀的人为状元。根据后文的“Zhuangyuan”可知，此处指“最优秀的人”，故应用形容词最高级修饰person，作定语，故填thebest。65.考察连词。句意：老话说，360行，行行出状元。根据前后两句完整的话以及句意可知，此处应填并列连词and。DearJim,IamdelightedthatyouareinterestedinChinesecultureandeagertoexploremore.Asfortherecommendation,CalligraphyWinterCampshouldbeatthetopofthelist.Withahistoryofmorethan3,000years,Chinesecalligraphy,thecoreofChineseculture,hasturnedsimplelinesandstrokesintoahighly-developedformofart.LearningChinesecalligraphywillbringyoumulti-benefits,rangingfromofferingyouauniqueinsightintoChineseculturalaestheticstoshapingyourpersonality.Whenpracticingcalligraphy,youcanacquirepeacefulconcentrationandeliminateimpatience.Andeverystrokeofeverycharacterhelpsyoutocultivateagoodhabitofpayingattentiontodetails.IamconvincedthatattendingtheChineseCalligraphyWinterCampwillleaveyouawonderfulexperience.Yours,LiHua推荐武术夏令营：DearJim, IamdelightedthatyouareinterestedinChinesecultureandeagertoexploremore.Asfortherecommendation,MartialArtsWinterCampshouldbebeatthetopofthelist.AsthecrystallizationofancientChinesewisdom,ChineseMartialArtswhicharethecomprehensiveformofhumanbodyculture,enjoyahugeinternationalfame.Notonlycanitbeusedasself-defense,butalsoitkeepsyourselfawayfromillnessaslongasyouinsistonpracticingit.Additionally,ChineseMartialArtsarecloselyconnectedwithtraditionalChineseculture,throughwhichyoucandeepenyourunderstandingoftheessenceofChineseculture—toconstantlystrivetobecomestronger.IamconvincedthatattendingtheMartialArtsWintercampwillleaveyouawonderfulexperience.Yours,LiHua【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你的留学生朋友Jim对中国传统文化很感兴趣，准备参加中国传统技能冬令营：“中国书法冬令营”或者“中国武术冬令营”。Jim希望你能给些建议帮助他进行选择。请你给Jim回信。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：delighted→glad参加：attend→takepartin消除：eliminate→remove培养：cultivate→develop2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：Whenpracticingcalligraphy,youcanacquirepeacefulconcentrationandeliminateimpatience.拓展句：Ifyoupracticecalligraphy,youcanacquirepeacefulconcentrationandeliminateimpatience.【点睛】[高分句型1]IamdelightedthatyouareinterestedinChinesecultureandeagertoexploremore.(运用了that引导宾语从句)[高分句型2]IamconvincedthatattendingtheChineseCalligraphyWinterCampwillleaveyouawonderfulexperience.(运用了动名词作主语)Onepossibleversion:Justthen,somethingmagicalhappened.Ourobserverspontaneouslystoodupandofferedhisseattoanotherstandingman,whohadbeenleaningontheseatcornerforquitesometime.Allofasudden,wehadtriggeredachainreaction:Thisgameofseat-sharingspreadthroughthebuslikewildfireand,beforelong,almostallthestandeesgotachancetobeseated.Moresurprisingly,peopleevenstartedchattingwitheachotherwhileexchangingpositions,andsoonbegansharingjokesandhummingtothelovelymelodyplayedbytheradio.Needlesstosay,therestofthejourneywasquiteenjoyable.Thebusreacheditsdestinationintheearlyhoursofthemorning.Aburstoffirstsunshinesentabeamofamberlightthroughthewindow,lightinguppeople’sheart.Thecoolbreezeofearlymorningblewawaythefatigueandweariness,refreshingthemindsandbodies.Immersedinthisrelaxingandfriendlyatmosphere,thegroupsbidfarewellwarmly,gotoffthebusandwenttheirway.AsIstoodtheresoakingintheearlymorninglight,Iwasremindedofanimportantlifelesson—thatwecanallsharewhatwehave,includingourburdens,andhelpourco-passengersinthisjourneycalledlife.【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者乘坐一辆通宵大巴从Kolhapur前往Maharashtra的Aurangabad，那是一辆普通的、没有空调的公共汽车，车上挤满了人，55个座位都坐满了，有20多人站在过道上，炎热的天气增加了10个小时的艰难旅程的不适，由于作者不能预留座位，作者也只能不舒服地站着，过了大约两个漫长的小时后，作者感到非常疲惫和无聊，后来一位中年男子把自己的座位让出来给作者坐，作者又惊又喜，接受了邀请，大约20分钟后，作者示意他收回自己的座位，坐在汽车另一边靠窗的一个男人看到了作者和那位男 士的谈话。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“就在这时，神奇的事情发生了。”可知，第一段可描写坐着的人把座位让给站着的人并且大家愉快地聊天。②由第二段首句内容“公共汽车在凌晨到达了目的地。”可知，第二段可描写作者到达目的地后的感受。2.续写线索：自发让座——开始聊天——分享笑话——阳光照进来——下车告别——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①让座：offerone’sseattosb./giveone’sseattosb.②开始聊天：startchatting/begintalking③告别：bidfarewell/saygoodbye情绪类①疲劳：fatigue/exhaustion②热情地：warmly/fervidly【点睛】[高分句型1]Ourobserverspontaneouslystoodupandofferedhisseattoanotherstandingman,whohadbeenleaningontheseatcornerforquitesometime.(由who引导的非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]AsIstoodtheresoakingintheearlymorninglight,Iwasremindedofanimportantlifelesson—thatwecanallsharewhatwehave,includingourburdens,andhelpourco-passengersinthisjourneycalledlife.(由as引导的时间状语从句，that引导的同位语从句和what引导的宾语从句)