四川省宜宾市兴文第二中学2023-2024学年高三英语上学期开学试题（Word版附解析）

兴文二中高2021级高三上期开学考试英语试题第I卷选择题(100分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatrelationisMr.Gomeztotheman?A.Histeacher.B.Hisclient.C.Hisboss.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Jack,Mr.Gomezwantstoseeyouinhisoffice.M:Doyouknowwhy?IhopeIhaven’tdoneanythingwrong.W:Relax.Hejustwantstogooversomeclientdata.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthewomanfeelfinally?A.Encouraged.B.Defeated.C.Depressed.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Howwasyourexam?W:Ireallymessedup,Uncle.Icouldn’tansweralotofthequestions.IalreadyknowthatIfailed.M:Everybodymakesmistakes.AuntieandIwillalwayssupportyou!W:Thankyou,Uncle.Iwilltryagain.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatcolorwasthejacketthemanworeyesterday?A.Blue.B.Black.C.Green.【答案】A 【解析】【原文】M:DoyourememberthejacketIworeyesterday,withtheblacktrousers?W:Yes,thegreenone.M:Actually,itwasblue.Ithinkthelightinsidetherestaurantmakesitlookgreen.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanwant?A.Beef.B.Coke.C.Cake.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hereyouare.M:Oh,Idon’tthinkthesearemine.W:Yousaidyouwantbeefandcoke.M:ActuallyIaskedforapieceofcake.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A.She’sanathlete.B.She’sacoach.C.She’sadoctor.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Whathappenedtoyou,youngman?Whyareyouinthehospital?M:Ibrokemylegwhileplayingfootballatschool.Myfriendkickedmeinsteadoftheball.Ithurtsalot!Ihopeyoucanfixit.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Visitingneighbor’shome.B.Takingupanewhobby.C.Planninganewhome.7.Whatisprobablytheman’shobby?A.Skateboarding.B.Playingtheguitar.C.Running. 【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:Ican’tbelievewefinallyownourbighouse.W:Isn’titfantastic?Iloveeverythingaboutit…theyard,thegarden,thelivingroom.M:We’resolucky.W:Wedon’thavetoeatinthediningroom.Wecansetatableinthelargekitchen.M:Whatelsecouldwedowiththediningroom?W:Ahobbyroom,then?Foryourskateboard,myguitarandotherstuff.M:Wonderful!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhatisStevegoingtodoinanhour?A.WatchaTVshow.B.Gotothepark.C.Havedinnerwithhisparents.9.Wherewillthespeakersmeettomorrow?A.AtMia’sapartment.B.Attheconcerthall.C.Atarestaurant.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Steve.ThisisMia.Whatareyoudoing?M:Oh,hi.I’mwatchingarerunonTV.W:Let’sgototheamusementparkanddosomethinginteresting.M:I’dliketo,butIhavetomeetmyparentsinanhourfordinner.There’sanoutdoorliveconcertbytherivertomorrow.Wouldyouliketogothere?W:Yeah.Iheardaboutittoo.Let’scheckitout.Itstartsat1:00pm.M:Let’smeetat11:30forlunchandafterwardswecanheadoverthere.W:Perfect!Shallwemeetattherestaurant?M:No.I’llseeyouinfrontofyourapartment.W:That’sniceofyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.WhydidWendysleepbadlylastnight?A.Sheworkedtoolate. B.Shehadtoomuchcoffee.C.Shesufferedfromworkpressure.11.WhatdoesthemanadviseWendytodobeforebedtime?A.Takesleepingpills.B.Dosomeexercise.C.Drinkhotmilk.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fellowworkers.B.Husbandandwife.C.Neighbors.【答案】10.C11.B12.A【解析】【原文】M:Wendy,therearedarkcirclesunderyoureyes.Didyoustayuplateworkinglastnight?W:No,Ijustlostsleep.Ithoughtabouttoomuchaboutmyworkbeforebedtime.M:Youwerejuststressedout,becauseyouhavetogiveapresentationnextweek.W:You’reright.DoyouthinkIneedtoseeadoctorandtakesleepingpills?M:There’snoneedtodosoforthetimebeing.Youcandoyogabeforegoingtobedorgoforawalkaftersupper.Andremembernottodrinkstrongteaorcoffeebeforebedtime.W:I’llhaveatryThanksalot.M:You’rewelcome.Youalsogavememuchassistancewhenwesignedthecontractwiththeclientslasttime.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatdothespeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Whichuniversitytogoto.B.Whattochooseasajob.C.Wheretoearnmoremoney.14.Whydoesthewomanmakeherdecision?A.Sheneedsmoremoneytosupportherfamily.B.Herfamilylivefarawayfromthecity.C.Thevillagesareshortofgooddoctors.15.Whatwillthemanprobablybeinthefuture?A.Aresearcher.B.Ateacher.C.Anofficer.16.Whatshouldtheydobeforetheyfulfilltheirplans?A.Gotoconsultwiththeirparents. B.DowelltopasstheH.S.CExamination.C.Getadmittedtothefamousuniversity.【答案】13.B14.C15.A16.B【解析】【原文】M:Hello,Jamia.Howareyou?W:Fine,thankyou.Andhowaboutyou?M:I’malsofine,Jamia.Butwemustchooseourcareernow.W:Youarequiteright.Successinlifedependsontherightchoiceofcareers.M:Wemustchooseourcareerproperly.MayIknowyourchoiceofcareers?W:Yes,ofcourse.Ihavedecidedtobecomeadoctor.Doyoulikethisprofession?M:Yes,Ido.Itisagoodprofession.Couldyoutellmewhyyouhavechosenthisprofession?W:Mostofpeoplearelongingfortheserviceofthedoctors.Thereisashortageofgooddoctorsinourcountry.Thepeoplewholiveinthevillagescannotfindagooddoctor.M:Areyouwillingtogotothevillagesifnecessary?W:Yes,ofcourse.Well,couldyoutellmeaboutyourchoiceofcareers?M:Ofcourse.Iwanttobeanagricultureresearcher.W:Moststudentsliketobedoctors,engineersoradministrators.Whydon’tyou?M:Ourcountryisanagriculturalcountry.Oureconomydependsonagriculture.SoIwillgetmyselfadmittedintoanagriculturaluniversity.Iwilldoresearchonagriculture.W:Iappreciateyourplan.Butchoosingacareerisnotenough.Wemustworkhardtofulfillourplans.M:Ofcourse.WemustdowellintheH.S.CExamination,otherwisewewillnotbeabletobecomeadoctororanagricultureresearcher.Thankyou,Jamia.Itisreallynicespeakingtoyou.W:You’rewelcome.Goodbye.Seeyouagain.M:Bye.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetalk?A.Toexplaintheproceduresofmakingnews.B.Toapplyforaposition.C.Tointroduceacourse.18.Howdoesthespeakerdescribehisfirstjobexperience? A.Difficult.B.Valuable.C.Interesting.19.Whatshouldthelistenersdofirstbeforethetraining?A.Introducethemselves.B.Handintheirforms.C.Readthetextbook.20.Whereisthetalkprobablytakingplace?A.Atacollege.B.Atacourt.C.Atanewspaper.【答案】17.C18.B19.B20.A【解析】【原文】M:Goodevening,everyone.WelcometothisIntroductiontoJournalismCourse.MynameisPaulPotterandfirstI’lltellyoualittlebitaboutmyself.Mybackgroundisinnewspaperjournalism.Istartedmycareer,straightfromschool,over40yearsagowhenIwasemployedasajuniorreporterformylocalnewspaper,theGrimfordExpress.ThatiswhereIgainedmyfirstvaluableexperienceofwriting,interviewing,attendingcourthearingsandmeetings.Afterafewyears,ImovedontotheStarfordEveningEcho,andthenmadeamovetonationalnewspapers.I’veworkedasareporterandeditoratpapersincludingTheDailyBugle,theSunshineDailyandTheTruth.So,that’senoughaboutme.Attheendofoursix—weekcourse,allofyou,hopefully,willhaveaworkingknowledgeofthebasicsofjournalism.Thoseincludetheneedtorecognizethetruth,toreportbothsidesofastoryandtobecorrectandhonest.Herearesomethingstonotebeforewebeginourtraining.First,youneedtohandinyourformsforsigningupforthecourseatthedeskatthefrontoftheroom.Then,gotothetableagainstthebackwalltofindyournametag(标签)andapackcontainingcourseinformation.You’llseeatextbookoneachdesk.Findaseatandsitdown.Wheneveryone’sready,youcanallintroduceyourselvesandthenwe’llgetintothebusinessoflearningaboutjournalism.OK?Arethereanyquestions?第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AMoneySmartYouthAmbassadorsAboutYouthfromacrossMichigancanbecomefinancialleadersbyapplyingtobea4-HMoneySmartYouthAmbassador.ThisprogramsponsoredbyMichiganStateUniversityExtension4-HYouthDevelopmentstartedin2020andprovidesanopportunityforyoungpeopletospreadfinancialknowledgewiththeirpeersbymeansofmedia.MoneySmartYouthAmbassadorsgainleadershipandpublicspeakingexperiencebyservingasguestspeakersduringpresentationsandpodcasts(播客),developinggames,creatingsocialmediacampaigns,writingarticlesand providingvaluableinputintofuturefinancialeducationprograms.Checkouttheiramazingworkbelow!HowtoJoinThisprogramisopentoallMichiganyouthaging12-19.ApplicationsareaccepteduntilAugust1annuallyfortheupcomingyear.InterviewstakeplaceinAugustorSeptember.AmbassadorExpectations•ServeasaMichigan4-HMoneySmartYouthAmbassadormemberfromSeptembertoJune.•Createandpromotemoneyeducationandprogramslocally•Bepresentatallvirtualmeetingsasscheduledwithatleast75%attendanceatmonthlymeetings.•Contactthegroupadvisorsifunabletoparticipateinconferencecalls,meetings,eventsortrainingsastheyarescheduled.ResourcesCreatedbyMoneySmartYouthAmbassadors•ArticlesReadaboutinterestingmoneytopicstohelpyoubecomesmartconsumersandgetaheadstartongrowingyourwealth.Thesearticleswerewrittenbyyouthforyouth.•MinimalismandMoneySavingbyAlexisV.•MultiplyingyourMoneyEarlybyLeahL.•GamesHavefunlearningwhatittakestogrowyourmoneywiththesegamescreatedbyourMoneySmartYouthAmbassadors.•KahootGameonCreditbyBrookeR.•MoneyWordSearchbyHarperJaneA.Formoreinformation,contactagroupadvisor:KathyJamieson,jamies13@msu.edu21.Whatisamusttoapplyfortheprogram?A.HavingMichiganidentity.B.Reachingtheageof19.C.Owning4-Hmembership.D.Havingfinancialbackground.22.WhatisaMoneySmartYouthAmbassador’sduty? A.Makinggenerousdonations.B.Publishingfinancialarticles.C.Attendingvirtualmeetings.D.Promotingprogramsworldwide.23.Whyarethegamesincludedinthetext?A.Toaddfuntocourses.B.Toprovidefinancialknowledge.C.Tointroducefinancialbackground.D.Tocollectfundfortheprogram.【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了由密歇根州立大学推广4-H青年发展协调项目招聘“精明理财青年大使”的通知。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据About中“YouthfromacrossMichigancanbecomefinancialleadersbyapplyingtobea4-HMoneySmartYouthAmbassador.(密歇根各地的年轻人可以通过申请成为4-H精明理财青年大使来成为金融领袖。)”以及HowtoJoin中“ThisprogramisopentoallMichiganyouthaging12-19.(这个项目对所有12-19岁的密歇根青年开放。)”可知，这项活动是针对密歇根地区青少年的活动，必须拥有密歇根身份。故选A。2.细节理解题。根据AmbassadorExpectations中“Bepresentatallvirtualmeetingsasscheduledwithatleast75%attendanceatmonthlymeetings.(按计划出席所有虚拟会议，每月会议的出席率至少为75%。)”可知，精明理财青年大使需要参加虚拟会议。故选C。3.推理判断题。根据Games中“HavefunlearningwhatittakestogrowyourmoneywiththesegamescreatedbyourMoneySmartYouthAmbassadors.(通过我们的精明理财青年大使创造的游戏，学习如何增长您的资金，让您玩得开心。)”可知，文中推荐游戏的目的是帮助申请项目的青少年在娱乐中需要了解什么才能积累钱，即提供金融知识。故选B。BForthepastfewmonths,mythree-year-olddaughterhasspentanhoureveryweeklearningaforeignlanguage.Shewalksintoasmallroominalocalschool,wheresheandahandfulofthreeandfour-year-oldspendthenexthourdancingto“LaVacaLola”,asongaboutaSpanishcow,creatingfingerpuppets(木偶)tovoicewhattheylikeanddon’tlike(megusta,nomegusta)andshoutingoutwhichanimalsarebig(grande)orsmall (pequeno).Shetellsuslittleabouttheclasses.Infact,forthefirstfewweeks,nothingatall.Ibegintowonderifitwasahugemistake(eachlessonworksoutatabout£9)butthenIshowher“LaVacaLola”onYouTube.SheshoutsvacawithenthusiasmandwithwhatIhopeisaSpanishaccent.Thewishtoenroll(使……加入)herinlanguagelessonscame,likemostthings,graduallyandtheninasuddenrush.Inmydayjob,IreadandeditstoriesabouttheChineseeconomy.Foralongtime,IfeltthatitwouldbegoodforhertolearnanotherlanguagebutIhadnogreatplanastowhen.ThenIreadEdwardLuce’sTheRetreatofWesternLiberalismandallmythoughtsandworryabouttheeconomycombinedintoapanic.Wakinginasweat,itseemedobviousthatifmydaughterwastohaveanykindoffuture,shewouldhavetolearnanotherlanguage.Ideally(理想地)immediately.IthoughtaboutMandarinChinese,oneofthetop10languagesmostimportantforourfuture,accordingtotheBritishCouncil(othersincludeArabic,French,German,Portuguese,Italian,Russian,DutchandJapanese).Buttherewerenoclassesforyoungchildrennearby.Therewere,however,localSpanishclasses—thenumber-onelanguageonthelist.Whenshestartedtosing“IncyWincySpider”inSpanishandEnglish—helpedbyaSpanishnurseryworker-ourdecisionwasmade.24.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor’sdaughterfromthefirstparagraph?A.Sheusesfingerpuppetstomakehervoiceheard.B.SheistheoldeststudentinherSpanishclass.C.ShelearnsSpanishbydancingtosongs.D.ShehaslearntSpanishforonemonth.25.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutherdaughter’sclassatfirst?A.Proud.B.Surprised.C.DelightedD.Doubtful.26.Whydidtheauthoraskherdaughtertolearnaforeignlanguage?A.Toprepareherforthecomingschooleducation.B.Toequipherforherfuture.C.Toencouragehertohavebeliefinherself.D.Todevelopherinterestinsinging.27.WhatmadetheauthordecidetoenrollherdaughterinSpanishlessons?A.Herperformance.B.Hergreatinterest.C.Thenurseryworker’ssuggestion.D.Thefast-growingeconomy.【答案】24.C25.D26.B27.A 【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者让自己的女儿学习一种外语的原因以及学习过程中出现的一些问题。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Shewalksintoasmallroominalocalschool,wheresheandahandfulofthreeandfour-year-oldspendthenexthourdancingtoLaVacaLola”可知，她和几个3、4岁大的孩子在一起通过唱歌跳舞学西班牙语。故选C。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的ShetellsuslittleabouttheclassesIbegintowonderifitwasahugemistake(eachlessonworksoutatabout£9)可知，作者的女儿从来不会谈起她的西班牙语课，这让作者很怀疑自己是否该给女儿报班学习。故作者最初对女儿的课感觉是可疑的。故选D。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的itseemedobviousthatifmydaughterwastohaveanykindoffuture,shewouldhavetolearnanotherlanguage.可知，作者认为自己的女儿若想有一个美好的未来就必须掌握一门外语。故选B。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段Whenshestartedtosing“IncyWincySpider"inSpanishandEnglish-helpedbyaSpanishnurseryworker-ourdecisionwasmade.（当她开始用西班牙语和英语演唱“IncyWincySpider”时，在一位西班牙托儿所工作人员的帮助下，我们做出了决定。）可知，是女儿的表现使作者决定让女儿学西班牙语。故选A。【点睛】细节理解题解题方法细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。但高考所占的比例大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。经常有新技术对将来人们工作和生活不良影响的预测，但事实证明结果并不是那样，我们有必要否定预测，以减少人们的恐惧。2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如forexample,first,second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时， 放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如第四小题，根据最后一段Whenshestartedtosing“IncyWincySpider"inSpanishandEnglish-helpedbyaSpanishnurseryworker-ourdecisionwasmade.（当她开始用西班牙语和英语演唱“IncyWincySpider”时，在一位西班牙托儿所工作人员的帮助下，我们做出了决定。）可知，是女儿的表现使作者决定让女儿学西班牙语。故选A。CTraditionally,profitingfromforestsoftenmeantcapitalizingontimber(木材)——choosingcommercialtimber.Yetincreasingly,thereisanunderstandingthatit’sofgreatersignificancetokeeptreesstandingthancutthemdownforfinancialprofit.Moneyisnoteverything.Wehavetorecognizerealandlastingvalueisfromnaturalresources.Butmoneyisafactoflife.Goodnewsisthatwecanexpectentirenaturalwoodlandisleftundamagedandstillprovidesarevenue(收益)stream.Leavingwoodlandcompletedoesnotnecessarilymeanthatwedonottouchitatall.Conservationworkmayinvolvebuildingbackbiodiversityortheremovalofforeignplantspecies.Ahealthywoodlandsystemcanprovidearangeofyields(产物).Besideseatableyields——topfruit,berries,andfoodcrops,itproducessubstancesforchemicaluse.Thenon-timberforestproductsprovidedbynaturalecosystemswillvarysignificantlydependingonwheretheyare.Butthere’realmostalwayswaystoexploretoacquirerevenue.AprojectintheU.K.showswoodlandisalsoadrawforvisitors.Itengagesacommunitywhocreatesasustainableareaofwoodland.Thesaleofhandmadewoodenitemsandnon-timberforestproductsisinvolved.Butthecommunitylargelyobtainsrevenuebyopeninguppartsofthenaturalwoodlandtothepublicwithanadventureplaygroundandoutdoorrecreationalactivitiesonthesite.Italsoofferscoursesonnestbuilding,specialwildlifeeventsandmore.Theprojectisthoughttohavegreatuniqueness.Intermsofrevenue,itcentersroundtheexistingnaturalland;theyieldswoodlandcanprovidebecomesideproducts.Recreationalactivities,tours,andclassesarejustthecommencement.Arichandbiodiversewoodlandcanbeanecosystemthatdrawsinpeoplelookingforabeautifulplacetostay.Woodlandhasgreatvalueinecologicalandsocialterms.Andwhenyounurseit,itcouldalsoaddtotheincomefromyourland.28.Whatdopeopleincreasinglythinkaboutforestconservation?A.Itisdifficulttocarryout.B.Itmeansmakingfulluseoftimber.C.Itoutweighsfinancialdevelopment.D.Itshouldcentreonbuildingbackbiodiversity. 29.Whyistheprojectconsideredunique?A.Itmakeswoodlanditselfthemainproduct.B.Itfocusesonprotectingnaturalland.C.Itaimstopromoteecotourism.D.Itprovideseducationalexperiences.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“commencement”meaninthelastparagraph?A.Intention.B.Wish.C.Exception.D.Beginning.31.Whichisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WoodlandBringsProfitWhileStayingCompleteB.AProjectCreatesSustainableWoodlandC.ForestConservationHasBeenaTopPriorityD.Non-timberProductsHelpGainMoreRevenue【答案】28.C29.A30.D31.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一个在能够保护林地完好的同时仍能带来经济效益的项目。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Yetincreasingly,thereisanunderstandingthatit’sofgreatersignificancetokeeptreesstandingthancutthemdownforfinancialprofit.(然而，人们越来越认识到，保持树木直立着比为了经济利益而砍伐树木更重要。)”可知，大家越发认为森林保护比经济效益更重要。故选C项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“Theprojectisthoughttohavegreatuniqueness.Intermsofrevenue,itcentersroundtheexistingnaturalland;theyieldswoodlandcanprovidebecomesideproducts.(这个项目被认为具有很大的独特性。就收入而言，它以现有的自然土地为中心；林地可以提供的产物成为副产品。)”可知，这个项目的独特性在于它把林地本身作为中心产品。故选A项。【30题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段第二句“Arichandbiodiversewoodlandcanbeanecosystemthatdrawsinpeoplelookingforabeautifulplacetostay.(一片丰富而拥有生物多样的林地可以成为一个生态系统，吸引人们寻找美丽的住处。)”可知，这个项目之后还能使富含生物多样性的林地成为生态系统，这是更长远的影响；因 此比前句提到的“Recreationalactivities,tours,andclasses(娱乐活动、旅游和课程)”只是一个开端。故选D项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句“Goodnewsisthatwecanexpectentirenaturalwoodlandisleftundamagedandstillprovidesarevenue(收益)stream.(好消息是，我们可以预计整个天然林地完好无损，仍能提供收益来源。)”可知，本文通过旨在通过第一段的背景介绍，引出本句话所指出的好消息：保护好林地完好的同时带来经济效益。故选A项。DAremarkablenewstudyonhowwhalesbehavedwhenattackedbyhumansinthe19thcenturyhasimplicationsforthewaytheyreacttochangescausedbyhumansinthe21stcentury.ThepaperisauthoredbyWhiteheadandRendelltatDalhousieUniversityandtheirresearchaddressesanage-oldquestion:ifwhalesaresosmart,whydidtheyhangaroundtobekilled?Theanswer?Theydidn’t.UsingnewlylogbooksdetailingthehuntingofwhalesinthenorthPacific,theauthorsdiscoveredthatwithinjustafewyears,thestrikerateofthewhalers’harpoons(鱼叉)fellby58%.Thissimplefactleadstoanastonishingconclusion:thatinformationaboutwhatwashappeningtothemwasbeingcollectivelysharedamongthewhales,whomadevitalchangestotheirbehaviour.Theylearnedquicklyfromtheirmistakes.“Spermwhaleshaveatraditionalwayofreactingtoattacksfromorca(杀人鲸),”notesWhitehead.Beforehumans,orcaweretheironlypredators(捕食者),againstwhomspermwhalesformdefensivecircles,theirpowerfultillsheldoutwardstokeeppredatorsatbay,“Butsuchtechniquesjustmadeiteasierforthewhalerstokillthem,”saysWhitehead.Spermwhalesarehighlysocializedanimals,abletocommunicateovergreatdistances.Informationaboutthenewdangersmayhavebeenpassedoninthesamewaytheyshareknowledgeaboutfeedinggrounds.Theyalsopossessthelargestbrainontheplanet.Itisnothardtoimaginethattheyunderstoodwhatwashappeningtothem.Thehuntersthemselvesrealizedthewhales’effortstoescape.Theysawthattheanimalsappearedtocommunicatethethreatwithintheirattackedgroups.Abandoningtheirusualdefensiveformations,thewhalesswamupwindtoescapethehunters,ships,themselveswind-powered.Now,justaswhalesarebeginningtorecoverfromtheindustrialdestructionby20th-centurywhalingfleets,whosesteamshipsandgrenadeharpoonsnowhalecouldescapefrom,theyfacenewthreatscreatedbyourtechnology.“They’rehavingtolearnnottogethitbyships,copewiththedepredations(劫掠)oflonglinefishing,thechangingsourceoftheirfoodduetoclimatechange,”Whiteheadsays.“Thesamesortofurgentsociallearningtheanimalsexperiencedinthewhalewarsoftwocenturiesagoisreflectedinthewaytheynegotiatetoday’s uncertainworld.”32.Whatisthenewstudymainlyabout?A.Whales’sociallives.B.Whales’emotionalintelligence.C.Whales’reactiontoclimatechanges.D.Whales’behaviorunderhumanattack.33.WhatcausedWhalestomakechangestoescapethehunters’ship?A.Thewindintheirfavor.B.Theirpowerfulphysicalstrength.C.Thesharedshipattackinformation.D.Theirusualdefensiveformations.34.WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph5?A.Toprovidebackgroundinformation.B.Tosummarizethepreviousparagraphs.C.Tointroduceanewtopicfordiscussion.D.Toaddmorerelatedevidenceforthestudy.35.What’sWhitehead’sattitudetowardswhales’futuresurvival?A.Pessimistic.B.Optimistic.C.Cautious.D.Unclear.【答案】32.D33.C34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了一项关于鲸鱼在19世纪被人类攻击时的行为新研究，鲸鱼对于发生在它们身上的事情的信息集体分享，它们对自己的行为做出了至关重要的改变，并且能很快从错误中吸取教训。鲸鱼在21世纪对人类造成的变化的反应方式具有启示意义。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Aremarkablenewstudyonhowwhalesbehavedwhenattackedbyhumansinthe19thcenturyhasimplicationsforthewaytheyreacttochangescausedbyhumansinthe21stcentury.(一项关于鲸鱼在19世纪被人类攻击时的行为的新研究对它们在21世纪对人类造成的变化的反应方式具有启示意义。)”可知，这项新研究主要是关于鲸鱼在人类攻击的行为。故选D。2.推理判断题。根据第四段“Spermwhalesarehighlysocialisedanimals,abletocommunicateovergreatdistances.Informationaboutthenewdangersmayhavebeenpassedoninthesamewaytheyshareknowledgeaboutfeedinggrounds.(抹香鲸是高度社会化的动物，能够远距离交流。关于新危险的信息可能以同样的方式传递，就像它们分享关于觅食地的知识一样。)”可知抹香鲸可以远距离交流，传递危险信息，所以它们可以共享的舰船攻击信息，鲸鱼因此做出改变，逃离猎人的船，故选C。 3.推理判断题。根据第五段“Thehuntersthemselvesrealizedthewhales’effortstoescape.Theysawthattheanimalsappearedtocommunicatethethreatwithintheirattackedgroups.Abandoningtheirusualdefensiveformations,thewhalesswamupwindtoescapethehunters,ships,themselveswind-powered.(猎人们自己也意识到了鲸鱼试图逃跑。他们发现，这些动物似乎在攻击群体中传达威胁。鲸鱼们放弃了通常的防御阵型，逆流而上，躲避猎人和船只，它们本身就是风力驱动的。)”可知，猎人们自己也意识到鲸鱼努力想逃跑。他们发现这些动物似乎在它们被攻击的群体中互相传播威胁。这说明了鲸鱼在被人类攻击时的反应，由此可知本段内容是为了研究提供相关证据。故选D。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Now,justaswhalesarebeginningtorecoverfromtheindustrialdestructionby20th-centurywhalingfleets,whosesteamshipsandgrenadeharpoonsnowhalecouldescapefrom,theyfacenewthreatscreatedbyourtechnology.“They’rehavingtolearnnottogethitbyships,copewiththedepredations(劫掠)oflonglinefishing,thechangingsourceoftheirfoodduetoclimatechange,”Whiteheadsays.“Thesamesortofurgentsociallearningtheanimalsexperiencedinthewhalewarsoftwocenturiesagoisreflectedinthewaytheynegotiatetoday’suncertainworld.”(现在，正当鲸鱼开始从20世纪捕鲸船队的工业破坏中恢复过来时，它们面临着我们的技术带来的新威胁。怀特海德说：“它们必须学会不被船只撞到，应对长线捕鱼的掠夺，以及气候变化导致的食物来源的变化。”“动物在两个世纪前的鲸鱼战争中经历的那种紧迫的社会学习，反映在它们在今天不确定的世界中谈判的方式。”)”可知，Whitehead称赞鲸鱼可以在遭受攻击时采取适当的措施，根据外部环境和一些特别情况之下找到自己的生存方法，适应环境和世界，由此可知他对鲸鱼未来生存的态度是积极的。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Footballclubshaveexistedsincethe15thcentury,butunorganizedandwithoutofficialstatus.Itisthereforehardtodecidewhichthefirstfootballclubwas.Earlyclubswereformedbyformerschoolstudents.___36___Inthebeginning,footballwasdominatedbypublicschoolteams.Later,teamsconsistingofworkersmadeupthemajority.Anotherchangetookplacewhensomeclubsbecamewillingtopaythebestplayerstojointheirteam.___37___Inthe1880s,theinterestinthegamemovedaheadtoalevelthatticketsweresoldtothematches.Andfinally,in1885professionalfootballwaslegalized.Threeyearslater,theFootballLeaguewasestablished.___38___FootballAssociationChallengeCup(FACup)becamethefirstimportantcompetitionin1871.ThefollowingyearamatchbetweenEnglandandScotlandwasplayedforthefirsttime.Thatwasfollowedby4,000peopleatHamiltonCrescent.FootballwasforalongtimeaBritishphenomenon.___39___ThefirstgameoutsideEuropeoccurredin Argentinain1867.ButitwasforeignBritishworkerswhowereinvolvedandnotitsdomesticcitizens.ThentheFederationInternationaledeFootballAssociation(FIFA)wasfounded.EnglandandtheotherBritishcountriesdidnotjoinFIFAfromthestart.Theyhadinventedthegameandsawnoreasontoobeyanassociation.___40___In1908,footballwasincludedasanofficialsportintheOlympicGames.UntilthefirstFIFAWorldCupwasplayedin1930,theOlympicGamesfootballtournamentrankedasthegreatestonanationallevel.A.Othermilestoneswerenowtofollow.B.Still,theyjoinedinthefollowingyear.C.Thus,footballwasplayedallovertheworld.D.ButitgraduallyspreadtootherEuropeancountries.E.Untilnow,FIFAstillplaysamajorroleintheworld.F.AndthefirstofthiskindwasformedinSheffieldin1855.G.Themotivationbehindthiswasnotonlytowinmorematches.【答案】36.F37.G38.A39.D40.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了足球俱乐部最初的成立以及历史发展。【36题详解】根据上文“Earlyclubswereformedbyformerschoolstudents.(早期的俱乐部是由以前的学生组成的)”可知，此处在讲述早期的俱乐部组成。由此可知，F.AndthefirstofthiskindwasformedinSheffieldin1855.(1855年，第一个这样的组织在谢菲尔德成立)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选F。【37题详解】根据上文“Anotherchangetookplacewhensomeclubsbecamewillingtopaythebestplayerstojointheirteam.(另一个变化发生了，一些俱乐部开始愿意支付最好的球员加入他们的球队)”可知，此处会介绍这样做的原因。由此可知，G.Themotivationbehindthiswasnotonlytowinmorematches.(这背后的动机不仅仅是为了赢得更多的比赛)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选G。【38题详解】根据上文“Andfinally,in1885professionalfootballwaslegalized.Threeyearslater,theFootballLeaguewasestablished.(最后，1885年职业足球合法化。三年后，足球联盟成立)”可知，职业足球被合法化并且建立了足联，这是两个大的里程碑。根据下文“FootballAssociationChallengeCup(FACup)becamethefirstimportantcompetitionin1871.ThefollowingyearamatchbetweenEnglandandScotlandwasplayedforthefirsttime.Thatwasfollowedby4,000peopleatHamiltonCrescent.(1871年，足球协会挑战杯（足总杯）成为第一 个重要的比赛。第二年，英格兰队和苏格兰队首次举行了比赛。随后，在汉密尔顿新月体育场有4000人参加的比赛)”可知，本段主要介绍了足球史上的两个里程碑类的重要比赛。由此可知，A.Othermilestoneswerenowtofollow.(接下来还有其他里程碑)承接上文并概括本段中心，符合语境。故选A。【39题详解】根据上文“FootballwasforalongtimeaBritishphenomenon.(在很长一段时间里，足球是英国的一种现象)”及下文“ThefirstgameoutsideEuropeoccurredinArgentinain1867.ButitwasforeignBritishworkerswhowereinvolvedandnotitsdomesticcitizens.(欧洲以外的第一场比赛于1867年在阿根廷举行)”可知，足球传到了其他欧洲国家。由此可知，D.ButitgraduallyspreadtootherEuropeancountries.(但它逐渐传播到其他欧洲国家)能够呈上启下，符合语境。故选D。【40题详解】根据上文“EnglandandtheotherBritishcountriesdidnotjoinFIFAfromthestart.Theyhadinventedthegameandsawnoreasontoobeyanassociation.(英格兰和其他英国国家一开始就没有加入国际足联。他们发明了这个运动，认为没有理由服从一个协会)”可知，最初英国没有加入国际足联。由此可知，B.Still,theyjoinedinthefollowingyear.(尽管如此，第二年他们还是加入了)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选B。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Standingontheshoreofalake,Ican’thelpbutfeelsurprisedatthethousandsofsmallrocksthatsurroundmyboots.Theywereallcreatedfrom____41____surfaces,theiredgessofteningovertime.Iwonder,“Canwelearnfromapileofrocks?”Eventhetallestmountainshave____42____;noneareastallastheywere1,000yearsago.Andmuchlikearock,I’vefoundmy____43____hassoftenedandmydesiretobetterunderstandothershasexpandedwitheachtriparoundthesun.____44____,Iwasalsoasharprockcoveredinpointyedges.Today,afterdecadesofthewatersoflifecoursingoverme,myedgesaresofterandI’mmore____45____.I’mlesslikelytojudgeandmoreinterestedinlearninghowwecan____46____together.ButI’mnota____47____.I’mahumanfilledwithallthedramabuiltintomyDNA.Twoyearsago,whiletravelinginthePacificNorthwest,Iwatchedarestaurantowneraskseveralyoungmento____48____fornotwearingmasks.Not____49____andnotrude.Onthedoorreadasign,“Pleasewearamaskbeforeenteringourrestaurant.Wedon’tlikeiteither,butlet’salldowhatwecanto_____50_____thistogether.” Thegroupofyoungmenwantedto_____51_____aboutthenote.Isatattherestaurantwatching,understandingbothsides.I’vebeenoneofthembefore,usingmyyouthfuledgestochipawayat(削弱)theworld.WhatIlost,_____52_____,wastheabilitytogrowfrom_____53_____bylookingthroughtheeyesofothers.Inlearningtobemore_____54_____,I’vealsofoundmorehappinessandsuccess.Youcanfitmoreroundedrocksinajarthanthosewithsharpedges.Theformerlookforwaysto_____55_____andmakeroomforothers,whilethelatternevergivean_____56_____toaccommodateothers._____57_____,likethewatersrollingagainstoncesharpstones,changesusbywashingawayourresistanceto_____58_____theworldfromsomeoneelse’spointofview.Iplaceda_____59_____stoneintomyjacketpocket.MotherNatureisholdinga_____60_____again.41.A.fragileB.shinyC.smoothD.hard42A.piledupB.worndownC.risenupD.brokendown43.A.willB.voiceC.attitudeD.heart44.A.StillB.OftenC.HereD.Once45.A.understandingB.confidentC.patientD.competitive46.A.contributeB.existC.workD.develop47.A.foolB.soulC.rockD.judge48.A.explainB.leaveC.apologizeD.pay49.A.contradictoryB.confusingC.forcefulD.discouraging50.A.getthroughB.sticktoC.dealwithD.fightagainst51.A.thinkB.careC.talkD.argue52.A.evenB.howeverC.anywayD.also53.A.hardshipsB.struggleC.experiencesD.failure54.A.openB.cautiousC.ambitiousD.independent55.A.ignoreB.acceptC.adjustD.change56.A.excuseB.agreementC.entranceD.inch57.A.NatureB.ToleranceC.TideD.Time58.A.reformingB.seeingC.exploringD.travelling59.A.sharpB.roundedC.valuableD.rolling60.A.classB.beliefC.meetingD.discussion【答案】41.D42.B43.C44.D45.A46.B47.C48.B49.C50.A51. D52.B53.C54.A55.C56.D57.D58.B59.B60.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在湖边观石的时候，联想到自己之前的经历，感悟人恰如岩石，被时间磨平棱角，在时间中变得更为开阔宽广。【41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们都是由坚硬的地表创造的，它们的边缘随着时间的推移而失去棱角。A.fragile脆弱的；B.shiny光滑发亮的；C.smooth光滑的；D.hard坚硬的。根据下文“theiredgessofteningovertime”可知，石头的边缘随时间而失去棱角，所以这里说它们本身是坚硬的地表创造的。故选D。【42题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：即使是最高的山也已磨损；没有一个像一千年前那么高。A.piledup积累；B.worndown磨损；C.risenup上升；D.brokendown分解。根据下文“noneareastallastheywere1,000yearsago”可知，高山的高度因为时间而降低，所以这里说它们被磨损了。故选B。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像一块岩石一样，我发现我的态度变得柔和了，我想更好地理解他人的愿望也随着每一次环绕太阳的旅行而扩大了。A.will意志；B.voice声音；C.attitude态度；D.heart内心。根据下文“mydesiretobetterunderstandothershasexpanded”可知，作者理解他人的愿望扩大了，所以是对世界的态度变得柔和了。故选C。【44题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：曾经，我也是一块尖尖的岩石。A.Still仍然；B.Often经常；C.Here这里；D.Once曾经。根据上文“mydesiretobetterunderstandothershasexpandedwitheachtriparoundthesun”和空后“Iwasalsoasharprockcoveredinpointyedges”可知，现在作者发生了变化，而从前他的边缘也很锋利。故选D。【45题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天，经过几十年的生命之水在我身上流淌，我的棱角变得更加柔和，也更加善解人意。A.understanding善解人意的；B.confident自信的；C.patient耐心的；D.competitive好竞争的。根据上文“mydesiretobetterunderstandothers”可知，作者变得更善解人意。故选A。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不太可能评判别人，我更有兴趣了解我们如何共存。A.contribute做贡献；B.exist存在；C.work工作；D.develop发展。根据上文作者说自己的棱角渐渐磨平，变得善解人意，可推知作者感兴趣的是人如何共存。故选B。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我不是岩石。A.fool傻瓜；B.soul灵魂；C.rock岩石；D.judge 裁判。上文作者是在用岩石作比喻，说明时间会让人逐渐磨平棱角，这里作者在强调自己作为人的戏剧的一面，表示和岩石的不同。故选C。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年前，在太平洋西北地区旅行时，我看到一个餐馆老板要求几个年轻人离开，因为他们没有戴口罩。A.explain解释；B.leave离开；C.apologize道歉；D.pay支付。根据下文“Pleasewearamaskbeforeenteringourrestaurant.”可知，进餐馆需要戴口罩，这几个年轻人没有戴口罩，所以会被要求离开。故选B。【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不强势也不粗鲁。A.contradictory矛盾的；B.confusing令人困惑的；C.forceful强势的；D.discouraging使人沮丧的。根据空后“andnotrude”可知，餐馆的老板态度并不粗鲁，所以forceful“强势的”符合语境，和rude并列。故选C。【50题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们也不喜欢这样，但让我们尽我们所能一起度过难关。A.getthrough度过；B.stickto坚持；C.dealwith处理；D.fightagainst抗争。根据上文“Pleasewearamask”可知，故事发生在疫情期间，所以是需要大家尽所能一起度过难关。故选A。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那群年轻人想为那张纸条争论一番。A.think思考；B.care关心；C.talk谈论；D.argue争论。根据上文这几个年轻人因为没有带口罩被要求离开餐馆可推知，他们会对餐馆纸条上的要求争论一番。故选D。【52题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我失去的是透过他人的眼睛从经历中成长的能力。A.even甚至；B.however然而；C.anyway无论如何；D.also也。根据上文“I’vebeenoneofthembefore,usingmyyouthfuledgestochipawayat(削弱)theworld.”（我以前也是他们中的一员，用我年轻时的优势来削弱这个世界）可知，曾经作者很有锋芒，现在却失去了一些能力，此处语义有转折，需用however“然而”。故选B。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我失去的是透过他人的眼睛从经历中成长的能力。A.hardships困难；B.struggle奋斗；C.experiences经历；D.failure失败。根据此处“growfrom____13____bylookingthroughtheeyesofothers”可知，作者在说透过他人的眼睛从某种事物中成长，结合观察岩石、在餐馆的事情可知，experiences“经历”更符合语境，文中没有体现其他选项的含义。故选C。【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在学习更开放的过程中，我也找到了更多的快乐和成功。A.open开放的；B. cautious谨慎的；C.ambitious有抱负的；D.independent独立的。根据上文“bylookingthroughtheeyesofothers”可知，从他人的眼睛去看待事情是换位思考，是变得更加开放包容。故选A。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：前者总想办法调整自己，为别人腾出空间，而后者从不让步迁就别人。A.ignore忽视；B.accept接受；C.adjust调整；D.change改变。根据下文“makeroomforothers”可知，圆的石头会给其他石头腾空间，所以是调整自己。故选C。【56题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：前者总想办法调整自己，为别人腾出空间，而后者从不让步迁就别人。A.excuse借口；B.agreement同意；C.entrance入口；D.inch少许。根据上文“while”可知，这里强调锋利的石头和圆的石头不同，它们不会调整自己，不会让步。notgiveaninch是固定短语，意为“寸步不让”。故选D。【57题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：时间，就像水流冲刷着曾经锋利的石头，冲走了我们对从别人的角度看世界的抗拒，从而改变了我们。A.Nature自然；B.Tolerance容忍；C.Tide潮汐；D.Time时间。根据上文“theiredgessofteningovertime”可知，是时间磨掉人的棱角，带走了人对换位思考的抗拒。故选D。【58题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：时间，就像水流冲刷着曾经锋利的石头，冲走了我们对从别人的角度看世界的抗拒，从而改变了我们。A.reforming改革；B.seeing看；C.exploring探索；D.travelling旅行。根据上文“bylookingthroughtheeyesofothers”可知，是从他人的角度看待世界。故选B。【59题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我把一块圆石头放进夹克口袋里。A.sharp锋利的；B.rounded圆形的；C.valuable值钱的；D.rolling起伏的。根据上文“theiredgessofteningovertime”可知，作者把圆石头放进口袋，提醒自己要收敛锋芒，做善解人意、可以换位思考的人。故选B。【60题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：大自然母亲又在上课了。A.class课；B.belief信念；C.meeting会议；D.discussion讨论。根据上文“Iwonder,“Canwelearnfromapileofrocks?””可知，作者从自然中学到了重要的一课，所以这里说大自然在上课。故选A。第II卷非选择题(50分)第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThekiteisasymboloftheChinesehandicraft.___61___(fly)akiteisaverypopularactivityinallgenerationsinChina.Itiseasytofindthescene,wheretherearelargenumbersofpeoplegatheringtothesquares andholdinglines___62___(control)beautifulkitesinthebluesky.MakingandplayingkitesbecameverypopularinWeifangarea,ShandongProvinceduringtheTangandSongDynasties.Atthattime,everyyearinspring___63___theTomb-SweepingDaycame,theweatherbecamewarm.Itwas___64___goodtimetodisplaythekitesaswellasenjoythewarmweatherandthefreshair.Thetraditionhasbeenwellkeptuntiltodayandhasbecometheworld-famousWeifangInternationalKiteFestival,which___65___(celebrate)from20thto25thinAprileveryyear.Since1984,dozensofcountriesandregionsfromallovertheworld___66___(join)inthefestival.Teamsfromhomeandabroadgatherheretofly___67___(they)well-designedkitestothesky.Apart___68___thetraditionalpatternssuchasswallows,butterflies,andtriangles,youwillbeamazedbythe___69___(create)thinkingshowninthesekites.Thereareanimalslikefish,dragons,dolphins,cartoon___70___(figure)likeFlowerFairies,Supermen,andothershapeslikespaceships,andsatellites.PeoplesaythereisnothingyoucannotflytotheskyinWeifang.【答案】61Flying62.tocontrol63.when64.a65.iscelebrated66.havejoined67.their68.from69.creative70.figures【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了山东潍坊的风筝节的历史以及目前的特色。【61题详解】考查动名词。句意：在中国，放风筝是一项非常受欢迎的活动。动名词作主语，应用flyin，设空处在句首，应首字母大写。故填Flying。【62题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：很容易找到这样的场景，那里有大量的人聚集在广场上，在蓝天中排队控制美丽的风筝。设空处在where引导的非限制性定语从句中，其谓语为are，设空处为非谓语，作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填tocontrol。【63题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：那时，每年春天清明节来临，天气就暖和起来。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为spring，在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导从句。故填when。【64题详解】考查冠词。句意：这是一个展示风筝以及享受温暖的天气和新鲜空气的好时机。agoodtime为“一个好时机”表泛指，good辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。【65题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这个传统一直保存到今天，并成为世界闻名的潍坊国际风筝节，每年4月20日至25日举行。此处考查非限制性定语从句的谓语动词，celebrate与其逻辑主语，即先行词theworld-famousWeifangInternationalKiteFestival之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态，陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，先行词为第三人称单数，故助动词为is，故填iscelebrated。【66题详解】考查时态。句意：自1984年以来，来自世界各地的几十个国家和地区参加了这个节日。根据时间状语Since1984，句子的谓语动词用现在完成时，主语为dozensofcountriesandregions，为复数，助动词用have。故填havejoined。【67题详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：来自国内外的队伍聚集在这里，放飞他们精心设计的风筝。主语为Teamsfromhomeandabroad，为第三人称作主语，为复数，故名词短语well-designedkites前用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。【68题详解】考查介词。句意：除了燕子、蝴蝶和三角形等传统图案外，你还会对这些风筝所表现出的创造性思维感到惊讶。此处考查介词短语apartfrom，意为“除……之外”，后接宾语thetraditionalpatterns，介词短语作状语。设空处应填介词from。故填from。【69题详解】考查形容词。句意：除了燕子、蝴蝶和三角形等传统图案外，你还会对这些风筝所表现出的创造性思维感到惊讶。修饰名词thinking，应用形容词creative，意为“有创造力的，有想象力的”，作前置定语。故填creative。【70题详解】考查名词复数。句意：有像鱼、龙、海豚这样的动物，像花仙子、超人这样的卡通人物，还有像宇宙飞船和卫星这样的其他形状。名词figure意为“（绘画或模型中）人像”，为可数名词，后接介词短语likeFlowerFairies,Supermen，故应用名词复数，与fish,dragons,dolphins并列，作like的宾语。cartoonfigures意为“卡通形象，卡通人物”。故填figures。 第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Iamapplyingavolunteerpositionforthegames.Personally,Iconsidermeaqualifiedcandidatefromthefollowthreeaspects.Firstly,asasportsfan,mysportstalentsletmetofitinanyvolunteerposition.Secondly,myfluentlyEnglishwillenablemetowellunderstandtheneedsofsportsmenthanothers,andthusoffertimelyhelp.Thirdly,myvoluntaryexperienceshavenotonlystrengthenedmyteamspirit,butalsoequipmewithpracticalskillsandknowledges.Ikeeppassionforsports,butIhopetomakeacontributiontothisworldsportsevent.IwouldappreciateitwhenIamofferedthisopportunity.Ihaveattachedmyresumeandlookforwardtoaninterview.【答案】1.在applying后加for2.me→myself3.follow→following4.删除to5.fluently→fluent6.well→better7.equip→equipped8.knowledges→knowledge9.but→so/and10.when→if【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者正在申请奥运会志愿者的职位。作者从以下三个方面认为自己是一个合格的候选人。【详解】1.考查动词短语。句意：我正在申请奥运会志愿者的职位。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语applyfor“申请”，满足句意要求。故在applying后加for。 2.考查代词。句意：就我个人而言，我认为自己是一个合格的候选人，从以下三个方面。根据句意以及主语I可知，此处为对应主语的反身代词myself“我自己”，满足句意要求。故将me改为myself。3.考查形容词。句意：就我个人而言，我认为自己是一个合格的候选人，从以下三个方面。由threeaspects为名词可知，此处为形容词形式修饰该名词。故将follow改为following。4.考查动词不定式。句意：首先，作为一个体育迷，我的体育天赋让我适合任何志愿者的职位。分析句子可知，此处为letsbdosth，为使役动词的用法，后需接省略动词不定式to。故将to删除。5.考查形容词。句意：其次，我流利的英语可以让我比别人更了解运动员的需求，从而提供及时的帮助。由English为名词可知，此处应为形容词形式修饰该名词。故将fluently改为fluent。6.考查副词比较级。句意：其次，我流利的英语可以让我比别人更了解运动员的需求，从而提供及时的帮助。由该句中的than可知，此处为副词well的比较级better修饰动词understand。故将well改为better。7.考查过去分词。句意：第三，我的志愿者经历不仅增强了我的团队精神，也锻炼了我的实践技能和知识。由notonly连接的strengthened为现在完成时的过去分词可知，此处butalso后也应为过去分词形式，与其保持一致。故将equip改为equipped。8.考查名词。句意：第三，我的志愿者经历不仅增强了我的团队精神，也锻炼了我的实践技能和知识。该句中的knowledge表示“知识”为不可数名词，所以此处应为单数形式。故将knowledges改为knowledge。9.考查连词。句意：我对体育保持着热情，我希望为这项世界体育赛事做出贡献。根据句意可知，此处为连词so/and表示“所以或接下来”，满足句子逻辑关系。故将but改为so/and。10.考查连词。句意：如果能给我这个机会，我将不胜感激。根据句意可知，此处为连词if表示“如果”引导的条件状语从句，满足句意要求。故将when改为if。第二节书面表达(满分25分)72.假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom很喜欢中国文化，最近他在学习汉语，但他发现记忆汉字很困难,因此发邮件向你求助。请你给他回一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.培养语感;2.广泛阅读;3.反复书写;4.熟练运用。注意：1.字数100左右；开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数;2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearTom, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestwishes!Yourssincerely,LiHua【答案】DearTom,I’mmorethangladtoreceiveyouremail,whichtellsmeyouhavetroublerememberingChinesewords.Ihavesomeadviceonhowtoimproveyourvocabulary.Firstly,youshouldreadaloudasoftenaspossible,foritcandevelopyourlanguagesense.Secondly,youmustreadmore.Readingcancertainlyenlargeyourvocabularyandyoucan1easilyfindplentyofreadingmaterialsthatinterestyou.Thirdly,everytimeyoumeetanewword,it’snotenoughtojustwriteitdown.Themoreyourepeatit,thebetteryou’llrememberit.Finally,youneedtoputyourwordsintopractice.Onlyinthiswaycanyouusethemskillfully.Ihopetheaboveadvicecangiveyousomehelp.Bestwishes!Yourssincerely,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom很喜欢中国文化，最近他在学习汉语，但他发现记忆汉字很困难，因此发邮件向你求助。请你给他回一封电子邮件。【详解】1.词汇积累有困难：havetroubledoingsth.→havedifficultydoingsth.最后：finally→atlast高兴的：glad→delighted培养：develop→cultivate2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：Secondly,youmustreadmore.Readingcancertainlyenlargeyourvocabularyandyoucaneasilyfindplentyofreadingmaterialsthatinterestyou.拓展句：Secondly,youmustreadmorebecausereadingcancertainlyenlargeyourvocabularyandyoucaneasily findplentyofreadingmaterialsthatinterestyou.【点睛】[高分句型1]I’mmorethangladtoreceiveyouremail,whichtellsmeyouhavetroublerememberingChinesewords.(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Onlyinthiswaycanyouusethemskillfully.(运用了部分倒装)