山东省日照市2023届高三英语三模试题（Word版附解析）

2020级高三校际联合考试英语试题本试卷共三部分，共10页。满分120分。考试时间100分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的条形码粘贴在答题卡相应的位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AKnownas“theroofoftheworld”theQinghai-TibetPlateauhaslongbeenanidealandmysterious(神秘的)destinationforvisitorswhoarepassionateaboutexploringremotelands.HerewerecommendsomeofthebesttouristdestinationsinTibetwhichmightsuityourtraveltaste.BangingLakeNationalForestParkBangingLakeNationalForestParkisanidealplaceforbirdwatchinginTibetinspring.Duetothegoodecologicalenvironment,theislandboastsagoodvarietyofbirdspecies.Everyspring,warmwindsfromtheBayofBengalblowintotheNgariPlateau,andbirdsthatflyfromtheplateautotheSouthAsiancontinentthepreviouswinterwouldreturnheretolayeggsandbreed.RanwuLakeRanwuLakeiswell-knownforitsquietnessanditspurityofblueness.Sceneryalongthelakesidevariesagooddealwithgrass,forest,autumnleaves,whitewaterfowlandcolorfulpebbledclearlyreflectedinthemirror-likewater.Whenspringcomes,areflectionofgreentreesdancesonthelakeandpeoplefeelliketheyarewalkingintoaromanticdreamland.NanyiValleyNanyigouscenicspotisanimportantbirthplaceofthemysteriousTibetanmedicineculture.Theecologicalconditionsherearesogoodthattheplaceisrichinvariousanimals,herbsandothernumerousplantspecies.Surroundedbymountainsandcoveredinclouds,NanyiValleyisanidealspringdestinationforvisitors,whereyou canfindpeachandazaleablossomseverywhere.Peachblossomvalley,NyingchiThepeachblossomsinNyingchihavebeenfamedas“themostbeautifulpeachflowersintheworld”.TheannualNyingchipeachblossomfestivalhasbecomeasignaturetourismeventontheplateau.Peachblossomscanbeseeneverywhere—aroundhouses,acrossfarmlandsandalongstreams.1.WhyisbangingLakeNationalForestParkanidealplaceforbirds?A.Itisanuntouchedplace.B.Itiswarmallyearround.C.Itoffersgoodecologicalconditions.D.Itfriesthemfromrainandwind.2.WhichofthefollowinghighlightsRanwuLake?A.Itsdancingtrees.B.Itsrarespecies.C.Itsmysteriousmedicine.D.Itsnaturalscenery.3.WhatcanyoudoinbothNanyiValleyandNyingchi?ASailalongstreams.B.Collectherbs.C.Watchvariousanimals.D.Appreciatepeachblossoms.【答案】1.C2.D3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些西藏著名的旅游景点。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“BangingLakeNationalForestParkisanidealplaceforbirdwatchinginTibetinspring.Duetothegoodecologicalenvironment,theislandboastsagoodvarietyofbirdspecies.Everyspring,warmwindsfromtheBayofBengalblowintotheNgariPlateau,andbirdsthatflyfromtheplateautotheSouthAsiancontinentthepreviouswinterwouldreturnheretolayeggsandbreed.(班公湖国家森林公园是西藏春季观鸟的理想场所。由于良好的生态环境，岛上鸟类种类繁多。每年春天，来自孟加拉湾的暖风吹入阿里高原，前一年冬天从高原飞到南亚大陆的鸟类都会回到这里产卵繁殖。)”可知，班公湖国家森林公园之所以成为鸟类最理想的生存场所是因为这里良好的生态条件。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“RanwuLakeiswell-knownforitsquietnessanditspurityofblueness.Sceneryalongthelakesidevariesagooddealwithgrass,forest,autumnleaves,whitewaterfowlandcolorfulpebbledclearlyreflectedinthemirror-likewater.Whenspringcomes,areflectionofgreentreesdancesonthelakeandpeoplefeelliketheyarewalkingintoaromanticdreamland.(然乌湖以其宁静和湛蓝而著称。沿湖景色变化多端，青草、 森林、秋叶、白色的水鸟、五颜六色的鹅卵石，清晰地倒映在镜面般的湖水中。春天来临时，绿树倒影在湖面上翩翩起舞，让人仿佛走进了浪漫的梦境。)”可知，然乌湖以美丽的自然风景而著名。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Surroundedbymountainsandcoveredinclouds,NanyiValleyisanidealspringdestinationforvisitors,whereyoucanfindpeachandazaleablossomseverywhere.(南伊沟群山环抱，云雾缭绕，桃花遍地，杜鹃花开，是游人赏春的好去处。)”以及文章最后一段“ThepeachblossomsinNyingchihavebeenfamedas“themostbeautifulpeachflowersintheworld”TheannualNyingchipeachblossomfestivalhasbecomeasignaturetourismeventontheplateau.Peachblossomscanbeseeneverywhere—aroundhouses,acrossfarmlandsandalongstreams(林芝的桃花被誉为“世界上最美的桃花”。一年一度的林芝桃花节已成为高原上的标志性旅游盛会。桃花随处可见——房屋周围、农田和溪边。)”可知，这两个景点都可以做的事情是赏桃花。故选D。BMostofustakethetaskofbuyingacupofcoffeeforgranted,asitseemssimpleenough.However,wehavenoideajusthowstressfultaskslikethiscanbeforpeoplewhosufferfromdisabilities.That’swhyit’ssoheart-warmingtoseeastorylikethisinwhichabarista(咖啡师)doessomethingsmalltomakelifealittleeasierforsomeonewhoisdeaf.IbbyPirachalosthishearingwhenhewasonlytwoyearsold,andhenowgoestohislocalcafeinLeesburg,Virginiatoorderacupofcoffeeatleastthreetimesaweek.Thoughallthebaristaswhoworktherehavehisordermemorized,Ibbyalwayswritehisorderonhisphoneandshowsittothebarista.Oneday,however,oneofthebaristasdidsomethingthatchangedeverything!AfterIbbyorderedhiscoffee,hewasamazedwhenbaristaKrystalpanehandedhimanoteinresponse.“I’vebeenlearningsignlanguagejustsoyoucanhavethesameexperienceaseveryoneelse,”thenoteread.KrystalthenaskedIbbyinsignlanguagewhathewouldliketoorder.Ibbywastouchedthatshewouldlearnsignlanguagejusttohelphimfeelwelcome.“Iwasjustsomovedthatsheactuallywantedtolearnsignlanguage.Itisreallyatotallydifferentlanguageanditwassomethingthatshewantedtodobecauseofme.BecauseIwasadeafcustomer.Iwasvery,veryimpressed,”Ibbysaid.KrystalhadspenthourswatchingteachingvideossothatshecouldlearnenoughsignlanguagetogiveIbbythebestcustomerservicethatshecould!“Myjobistomakesurepeoplehavetheexperiencetheyexpectandthat’swhatIgavehim,”Krystalsays.IbbypostedaphotoofKrystal’snoteonline,anditquicklywentviral,gettinghundredsoflikesandcommentsthatpraisedKrystalforherkindaction. 4.WhatcanwelearnaboutIbbyPirachafromparagraph2?A.Hewasborndeaf.B.Helivesahardlife.C.Helovestoordertake-outfood.D.Hevisitsthecaferegularly.5.WhydidKrystallearnsignlanguage?A.ToserveIbbybetter.B.Toattractmorecustomers.C.TogiveIbbyabigsurprise.D.Tomakeherselfmorepopular.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeKrystal?A.Kindandconsiderate.B.Honestandresponsible.C.Sociableandhumorous.D.Ambitiousandsensitive.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthetext?A.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.B.Asmallactmakesadifference.C.Onegoodturndeservesanother.D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.【答案】4.D5.A6.A7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是Ibby的故事，Ibby是个聋哑人，他在买咖啡的时候遇到了一位服务员Krystal，Krystal告诉他，她正在学习手语，希望能够让Ibby拥有和其他人同样的购物体验。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“IbbyPirachalosthishearingwhenhewasonlytwoyearsold,andhenowgoestohislocalcafeinLeesburg,Virginiatoorderacupofcoffeeatleastthreetimesaweek.(IbbyPiracha两岁时失聪，现在他每周至少三次去弗吉尼亚州利斯堡当地的咖啡馆点一杯咖啡。)”可知，IbbyPiracha经常去一家咖啡馆。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“AfterIbbyorderedhiscoffee,hewasamazedwhenbaristaKrystalpanehandedhimanoteinresponse.“I’vebeenlearningsignlanguagejustsoyoucanhavethesameexperienceaseveryoneelse,”thenoteread.KrystalthenaskedIbbyinsignlanguagewhathewouldliketoorder.(在Ibby点了咖啡后，他惊讶地看到咖啡师KrystalPane递给他一张纸条作为回应。纸条上写道：“我一直在学习手语，这样你就能和其他人有同样的体验。”然后Krystal用手语问Ibby他想点什么。)”可知，Krystal学习手语是为了更好地为Ibby服务，让他能和其他人有同样的体验。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“AfterIbbyorderedhiscoffee,hewasamazedwhenbaristaKrystalpanehandedhimanoteinresponse.“I’vebeenlearningsignlanguagejustsoyoucanhavethesameexperienceaseveryoneelse,” thenoteread.KrystalthenaskedIbbyinsignlanguagewhathewouldliketoorder.(在Ibby点了咖啡后，他惊讶地看到咖啡师KrystalPane递给他一张纸条作为回应。纸条上写道：“我一直在学习手语，这样你就能和其他人有同样的体验。”然后Krystal用手语问Ibby他想点什么。)”以及最后一段“IbbypostedaphotoofKrystal’snoteonline,anditquicklywentviral,gettinghundredsoflikesandcommentsthatpraisedKrystalforherkindaction.(Ibby在网上发布了克里斯托纸条的照片，并迅速走红，得到了数百个赞和评论，称赞krystal的善举。)”可知，Krystal之所以学习手语是为了让Ibby能和其他人有同样的体验，而人们也为她的善举点赞。所以可推测Krystal是个心地善良而又善解人意的人。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“That’swhyit’ssoheart-warmingtoseeastorylikethisinwhichabarista(咖啡师)doessomethingsmalltomakelifealittleeasierforsomeonewhoisdeaf.(这就是为什么看到这样一个咖啡师做了一件小事让聋哑人的生活变得更轻松的故事是如此温暖人心。)”以及文章第四段“Ibbywastouchedthatshewouldlearnsignlanguagejusttohelphimfeelwelcome.“Iwasjustsomovedthatsheactuallywantedtolearnsignlanguage.Itisreallyatotallydifferentlanguageanditwassomethingthatshewantedtodobecauseofme.BecauseIwasadeafcustomer.Iwasvery,veryimpressed,”Ibbysaid.(Ibby很感动，她会学习手语，只是为了让他感到受欢迎。“我很感动，她真的想学手语。这真的是一种完全不同的语言，她想做这件事是因为我。因为我是个聋子顾客。我非常非常印象深刻，”Ibby说。)”可知，文章主要想表达的是一个小举动却让Ibby印象深刻，并让他心里充满温暖。故选B。C.“Bikebuses”—adult-ledgroupbikeridestoschool—aretakingoverneighborhoods.Manyfamiliesareabandoningcarsandstartingasweatiermorningridewithfriends,bikinginorganizedgroupsledbygrown-upvolunteers.Theeffortisacalltofightagainstclimatechange,encourageexerciseandreduceschooldrop-offtraffic.Andbothparentsandkidssayitjustmakesthechildrenhappier.MinneapolisdaddevilOlsonorganizedabikebusforhislocalschoolzone.Olsonsayscyclingcreateconnectivitybetweenallwalksoflife.SixyearsagoOlsonpartneredwithMinneapolisPublicSchoolstoruna2-milebikebusthatdroppedoffstudentsattwoelementaryschools.Sofar,Olsonhasled11semi-annualbikebusesthathavegrownfromabout60participantstonearly150.“Wemeetat8am.Toplaysoccerandfootball,andeatdonuts,”saidOlson.“Thenwereviewsafetymeasuresandstartourride.It’snothingbutlaughing,shoutingandpurejoy.”Thegroupmakesabouteightstopsalongthewaytopickupchildren,manyofwhomareaccompaniedbyparents.“Wewantkidstocelebrategoingtoschool,”explainedOlson,addingthatthekidswhoparticipateenjoy opportunitiestocommunicatewithstudentsindifferentgraded.InSanFrancisco,lakeBornheimerco-runsSFBikeBus,whichorganizedcity-wideschoolroutes,withthegoalofinspiringpeoplearoundthecountrytostartbikebuses.“Ourfirst3-milerideincludedmorethan100kids,families,andadultsinonetriptoschool,”saidBornheimer.Thebikebusexperiencehasreassuredparentswhowereotherwisenervousabouttheirchildrenbikingaroundtraffic.“OurhopeistocreateabikebusforeveryschoolinSanFrancisco,”hesaid.8.Whichaspectofbikebusesiscoveredinthefirstparagraph?A.Theirorigin.B.Theirpurpose.C.Theirappearance.D.Theirdevelopment.9.HowdoesabikebusbenefitchildrenaccordingtoOlson?A.Itcontributesalottotheirbravery.B.Itbelievesthemoftheirlearningstress.C.Itincreasedtheircommunicationchances.D.Itimprovedtheiracademicperformances.10.WhatdoesBornheimerwanttodonext?A.Organizemorebikebuses.B.Removeparents‘worries.C.Convinceparentstojointhem.D.Designthebestschoolrouted.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Agreatsourceofhappiness.B.Asafemeansoftransportation.C.ArisingtrendoflivingintheUS.D.Auniquewayofgettingkidstoclass.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了一种新型的上学的方式——自行车巴士，即由成年人带领的团体骑自行车去学校——正在占领社区。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Manyfamiliesareabandoningcarsandstartingasweatiermorningridewithfriends,bikinginorganizedgroupsledbygrown-upvolunteers.Theeffortisacalltofightagainstclimatechange,encourageexerciseandreduceschooldrop-offtraffic.(许多家庭放弃了汽车，和朋友一起开始了出汗较多的晨间骑行，由成年志愿者带领有组织的团体骑行。这一举措旨在呼吁人们对抗气候变化，鼓励锻炼身体，减少接送学生的交通。)”可知，第一段主要介绍了自行车巴士的目的。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段““Wewantkidstocelebrategoingtoschool,”explainedOlson,addingthatthekidswhoparticipateenjoyopportunitiestocommunicatewithstudentsindifferentgraded.(我们想让孩子们庆祝上学，” Olson解释说，并补充说，参加活动孩子们有机会与不同年级的学生交流。)”可知，Olson认为自行车巴士能够增加学生们交流的机会。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Thebikebusexperiencehasreassuredparentswhowereotherwisenervousabouttheirchildrenbikingaroundtraffic.“OurhopeistocreateabikebusforeveryschoolinSanFrancisco,”hesaid.(自行车巴士的经历让父母们放心了，否则他们会对孩子在交通拥挤的地方骑车感到紧张。他说：“我们希望为旧金山的每一所学校创造一辆自行车公交车。”)”可知，Bornheimer希望能够为旧金山的每一所学校创造一辆自行车公交车，也就是创造更多的自行车公交车。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段““Bikebuses”—adult-ledgroupbikeridestoschool—aretakingoverneighborhoods.Manyfamiliesareabandoningcarsandstartingasweatiermorningridewithfriends,bikinginorganizedgroupsledbygrown-upvolunteers.Theeffortisacalltofightagainstclimatechange,encourageexerciseandreduceschooldrop-offtraffic.(“自行车巴士”——由成年人带领的团体骑自行车去学校——正在占领社区。许多家庭放弃了汽车，和朋友一起开始了出汗较多的晨间骑行，由成年志愿者带领有组织的团体骑行。这一举措旨在呼吁人们对抗气候变化，鼓励锻炼身体，减少接送学生的交通。)”以及最后一段“Thebikebusexperiencehasreassuredparentswhowereotherwisenervousabouttheirchildrenbikingaroundtraffic.“OurhopeistocreateabikebusforeveryschoolinSanFrancisco,”hesaid.(自行车巴士的经历让父母们放心了，否则他们会对孩子在交通拥挤的地方骑车感到紧张。他说：“我们希望为旧金山的每一所学校创造一辆自行车公交车。”)”可知，文章主要介绍了一种新型的安全的送孩子上学的独特方式——自行车巴士。故选D。DAnewwearabledevicethatwrapsaroundyourfingerlikeaplastercanharvestsweatwhileyousleepanduseittogenerateelectricity,accordingtothedevelopersfromUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego.Mostpowerproducingwearabledevicerequirewearerstoperformintenseexerciseordependonexternalsourcessuchassunlightorlargechangesintemperature.Butthenewstripusesapassivesystemtogenerateelectricityfromsweatinyourfingertips,evenifyouaresleepingorsittingcompletelystill.Thisisbecausethefingertipsarethesweatiestpartofthebody.So,thankstoasmartspongematerial,thiscanbecollectedandprocessedbyconductors.Theenergyharvesterproducedsmallamountsofelectricitywhenthewearerpressesdownorstartstosweat,orfromlightfingertapping.Itdoesthisbyconvertingactivitiesliketyping,texting,orplayingthepianointoextracharge.Fingertipshaveoneofthehighestconcentrationsofsweatgrandsinthebody,withcoachfingerproducing between100and1,000timesmoresweatthanmostotherareas,accordingtotheresearchers.Co-firstauthordoctoralstudentMr.Binsaid:“Thereasonwhywefeelsweatieronotherpartsofthebodyisthatthosespotsarenotwellventilated(通风的).Bycontrast,thefingertipsarealwaysexposedtoair,sothesweatevaporatedasitcomesout.Soratherthanlettingitevaporate,weuseourdevicetocollectthissweat,anditcangenerateasignificantamountofenergy.”Thedeviceisequippedwithelectricalconductorsorelectrode(电极)madefromacarbonfoam,whichabsorbsanyfingersweat.Enzyme(酶)ontheelectrodethencauseachemicalsweatmoleculetogenerateelectricity.Thedeviceonlystoresupalittlebitpoweratthemoment,andwouldtakeaboutthreeweeksofconstantweartopowerasmartphone,buttheresearchershopetoincreasecapacityinfuture.12.Howisthenewdevicedifferentfromotherwearables?A.Itiscost-effective.B.Itisharmlesstoskin.C.Itrequirednoexercise.D.Itproducedelectricity.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“evaporate”inparagraph5mean?A.Changesintoagas.B.Freezesintheair.C.Dropstotheground.D.Bccomesbiggerinamount.14.Whatisthedisadvantageofthedevice?A.Itisextremelysmallinsize.B.Itisverydifficulttooperate.C.Ithasaverylimitedpowercapacity.D.Itreliesmuchontemperaturechanges.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.SweatsFingertipsB.PowerfromFingertipsC.AnElectricalConductorD.ARechargeableDevice【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的研究发现，研发人员发明了一种新型的可穿戴设备，该设备可以像膏药一样缠在手指上，在你睡觉时收集汗水，并利用它来发电。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Mostpowerproducingwearabledevicerequirewearerstoperformintenseexerciseordependonexternalsourcessuchassunlightorlargechangesintemperature.Butthenewstripusesapassivesystemtogenerateelectricityfromsweatinyourfingertips,evenifyouaresleepingorsittingcompletelystill.(大多数产生能量的可穿戴设备都需要佩戴者进行剧烈运动，或者依赖于外部资源，如阳光或温度的巨大变化。但这款新产品采用了一种被动系统，即使你在睡觉或坐着不动，也能从你指尖的汗液中发电。)” 可知，这种设备即使是在你不运动的情况下，也可以从你指尖的汗液中发电。故选C。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词上一句“Thereasonwhywefeelsweatieronotherpartsofthebodyisthatthosespotsarenotwellventilated(通风的).(我们身体其他部位出汗更多的原因是这些部位通风不佳。)”可推断，他的意思是我们身体的其他部位出汗多是因为那些部位不通风。而对比之下，“thefingertipsarealwaysexposedtoair(指尖总是暴露在空气中)”可推测，指尖没有多少汗水，由此推断，指尖没有汗水是因为汗水一出来就蒸发了。所以划线单词的意思和“蒸发”相似。选项A“Changesintoagas.(变成气体)”，符合意思。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Thedeviceonlystoresupalittlebitpoweratthemoment,andwouldtakeaboutthreeweeksofconstantweartopowerasmartphone,buttheresearchershopetoincreasecapacityinfuture.(该设备目前只能储存一点点能量，并且需要持续佩戴大约三周才能为智能手机供电，但研究人员希望将来能增加容量。)”可知，该设备的容量不够大。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Anewwearabledevicethatwrapsaroundyourfingerlikeaplastercanharvestsweatwhileyousleepanduseittogenerateelectricity,accordingtothedevelopersfromUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego.(加州大学圣迭戈分校的研发人员日前表示，一种新型可穿戴设备可以像膏药一样缠在手指上，在你睡觉时收集汗水，并利用它来发电。)”以及整篇文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了一种新型的可穿戴设备，该设备可以佩戴在手指并收集汗水，用来发电。所以“PowerfromFingertips(来自指尖的电能)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项.It’stheendofanotherlongdayattheofficeafterapoornight’ssleep.Asusual,you’reexhausted,yetyouwanttostopatthegymonthewayhometogettheexerciseyouneedtostayhealthy.___16___Thisisawidespreadproblem.Tobehealthy,thebodyneedstomovethroughfourstagesofsleepseveraltimeseachnight.Duringthefirstandsecondstages,thebodystartstodecreaseitsrhythms.___17___Rapideyemovementsleep,calledram,isthefinalstageinwhichwedream.Studieshaveshownthatmissingramsleepmayleadtohealthproblems.Ontheotherhand,yearsofresearchhasfoundsleepboostsimmunefunctioning.___18___Withoutsleep,yourmusclescan’trecoverfromthestressyouputthemthroughduringworkouts.“Youhavetogivethemtimetorecoverandgrowstronger,”saidsleepspecialistDr.RajDasgupta.“You’remorelikelytosufferaninjurywhenyou’reexhaustedduetoslowedreactiontimesfromyourtiredbrainduringthe workout.”___19___Youmightfindyourselffearingyournormalworkouts.Usecommonsense,expertssaid.Ifyou’renotsleepingwell,don’tgoforthatintenseworkout.___20___Ifyou’repressedfortime,considerfittinginseveralshortboutsofexercisethroughoutyourday.“Everythingcounts,”Dasguptasaid.“Doanythingthatmakesyoufeelhappyandrefreshed.Thisisabouthittingtheresetbuttonforyourself,notdoingsomeformofexercisebecauseyoufeelitnecessaryto.”A.Walkordoyogainstead.B.Howdoessleepaffectourbrain?C.Shouldyouworkoutwhensufferingfromsleeploss?D.Poorsleepcanaffectyourmotivationtoexercisetoo.E.Itmaybeunwisetoplayasportwhenyou’reverytired.F.Enoughworkoutcanguaranteeyourgoodhealthandhappiness.G.Doingsopreparesusforthethirdstagewherethebodyisrestoringitself.【答案】16.C17.G18.E19.D20.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了在很累的情况下是否需要坚持锻炼。【16题详解】根据空前内容“It’stheendofanotherlongdayattheofficeafterapoornight’ssleep.Asusual,you’reexhausted,yetyouwanttostopatthegymonthewayhometogettheexerciseyouneedtostayhealthy.(一夜没睡好之后，又一天漫长的工作结束了。像往常一样，你很累，但你想在回家的路上在健身房停下来，做一些保持健康所需的运动)”可知，上文主要呈现出一个场景，即当你很累的时候，你在犹豫是否做一些运动。而根据空后“Thisisawidespreadproblem.(这是一个普遍存在的问题)”则可推断出空处为一个问题。选项C“Shouldyouworkoutwhensufferingfromsleeploss?(睡眠不足时应该锻炼吗？)”对空前内容提出心中疑惑，同时与下文内容保持一致。故选C。【17题详解】根据本段首句“Tobehealthy,thebodyneedstomovethroughfourstagesofsleepseveraltimeseachnight.(为了健康，身体每晚需要多次经历四个睡眠阶段)”可知，身体每晚需要经历多次四个睡眠阶段。而空前“Duringthefirstandsecondstages,thebodystartstodecreaseitsrhythms.(在第一和第二阶段，身体开始降低节奏)”介绍了第一和第二阶段。而空后内容“Rapideyemovementsleep,calledram,isthefinalstageinwhichwedream.(快速眼动睡眠，被称为ram，是我们睡眠的最后阶段，在这一阶段，我们会做梦)”则介绍了第四阶段。由此推知，空处介绍了睡眠的第三阶段。选项G“Doingsopreparesusforthethirdstagewherethebodyisrestoringitself.(这样做是为身体自我恢复的第三阶段做准备)”则介绍了睡眠的第三阶段是身体的自我恢 复阶段。故选G。【18题详解】空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Withoutsleep,yourmusclescan’trecoverfromthestressyouputthemthroughduringworkouts.“Youhavetogivethemtimetorecoverandgrowstronger,”saidsleepspecialistDr.RajDasgupta.“You’remorelikelytosufferaninjurywhenyou’reexhaustedduetoslowedreactiontimesfromyourtiredbrainduringtheworkout.”(没有睡眠，你的肌肉不能从你在锻炼中施加的压力中恢复过来。睡眠专家RajDasgupta博士说，“你必须给他们时间恢复并变得更强壮。当你在锻炼过程中疲劳的大脑反应速度减慢时，你更有可能受伤。”)”可推断，下文讲述的是疲劳的时候运动对身体不好。选项E“Itmaybeunwisetoplayasportwhenyou’reverytired.(当你很累的时候进行体育运动可能是不明智的)”与下文内容一致，讲述的都是在疲倦的时候运动对身体不好。故选E。【19题详解】根据空后内容“Youmightfindyourselffearingyournormalworkouts.(你可能会发现自己害怕正常的锻炼)”可知，下文讲述的是缺乏睡眠对心理上的影响。选项D“Poorsleepcanaffectyourmotivationtoexercisetoo.(睡眠不好也会影响你锻炼的动力)”讲述的正是睡眠不好对锻炼动力的影响，与下文内容一致。故选D。【20题详解】根据上文内容“Usecommonsense,expertssaid.Ifyou’renotsleepingwell,don’tgoforthatintenseworkout.(专家说，运用常识。如果你睡眠不好，就不要进行高强度的锻炼)”可知，上文讲述的是睡眠不好的情况下，不要进行高强度锻炼。选项A“Walkordoyogainstead.(散步或做瑜伽)”延续上文内容，针对上文说睡眠不好的情况下不要进行高强度锻炼，空处建议散步或做瑜伽，符合上文内容。故选A。第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.In2020,hardshipswerecausedbyheavyfloodingandCOVID-19.TheyleftmanymigrantworkersintheHyderabadregionofIndiastranded(被滞留的)withoutmeansof___21___.RamsDosapati,anHRmanager,hasmadeithis___22___toensurethatthearea’sstrugglingworkerswon’tgowithoutfoodandother___23___items.To___24___themigrantworkers’burden,Dosapatihasspenthisownfundsestablishingandrunninga“RiceATM”___25___riceandothernecessitiestothoseinneed.Dosapati’sfirststepalongtheroadtoselflessactsbegan___26___.Oneday,hewenttoastoreto___27___themakingsforhisson’sbirthdaydinner.Whileattheshop,he___28___awomanbuyinganenormousquantityofchicken.Hecouldn’thelpbutaskabouther___29___inbuyingsomuchchicken.Asitturnedout,thewoman,asecurity guardwho____30____atacampformigrantworkers,wasbuyingitasaspecial____31____forthoseinneed.Soonafter,Dosapati____32____thesecurityguardtothecamp.Dosapaticashedinhisretirementfund,andworkingwithalocalbusinessperson,____33____the“RiceATM”.Sincethe“RiceATM”waslaunched,wordofDosapati’s____34____hasmadetherounds.Withsupportfromanumberofoutsidesource’snow____35____in,themansayshehopestokeepresourceflowingforthoseinneedforalongtimetocome.21.A.communicationB.supportC.transportD.identification22.A.missionB.ruleC.beliefD.habit23.A.ordinaryB.personalC.pricelessD.essential24.A.discoverB.castC.reduceD.shift25.A.sellingoutB.givingoutC.rentingoutD.tryingout26.A.simplyB.finallyC.exactlyD.completely27.A.askforB.handoutC.pickupD.putaway28.A.recognizedB.appreciatedC.greetedD.noticed29.A.purposeB.interestC.troubleD.faith30.A.cooksB.worksC.teachesD.drills31.A.itemB.actC.comfortD.treat32.A.tookB.recommendedC.accompaniedD.invited33.A.openedB.visitedC.exploredD.saved34.A.attitudeB.courageC.honestyD.generosity35.A.breakingB.pouringC.pullingD.giving【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.B26.A27.C28.D29.A30.B31.D32.C33.A34.D35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述新冠期间，RamsDosapati受到一位女士的启发，和当地商人成立RiceATM来帮助生活没有保障的移民工人。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们让印度海得拉巴地区的许多移民工人陷入困境，得不到支持。A.communication交流；B.support支持、帮助；C.transport运输；D.identification识别，身份证明。根据上文“In2020,hardshipswerecausedbyheavyfloodingandCOVID-19.”推知，严重的洪水和新冠让很多移民工人陷入困境，得不到支持。故选B。 【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人力资源经理RamsDosapati将确保该地区苦苦挣扎的工人不会没有食物和其他必需品作为自己的使命。A.mission任务；B.rule规则；C.belief信念，相信；D.habit习惯。根据下文“Dosapatihasspenthisownfundsestablishingandrunninga“RiceATM”___5___riceandothernecessitiestothoseinneed.”（为了减轻移民工人的负担，Dosapati用自己的资金建立并运营了一个“大米ATM”，向有需要的人……大米和其他必需品）可知，RamsDosapati把确保工人得到食物看作是自己的使命，才会自掏腰包去援助。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.ordinary普通的；B.personal个人的；C.priceless无价的；D.essential基本的，必需的。根据下文“riceandothernecessitiestothoseinneed.”可知，此处是指提供食物和其他生活必需品。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了减轻移民工人的负担，Dosapati用自己的资金建立并运营了一个“大米ATM”，向有需要的人发放大米和其他必需品。A.discover发现；B.cast投；C.reduce减少；D.shift转换，改变。根据下文“Dosapatihasspenthisownfundsestablishingandrunninga“RiceATM””可知，他这样做的目的是减轻移民工人的负担。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.sellingout售出；B.givingout分发；C.rentingout出租，租给；D.tryingout尝试。根据下文“Dosapati’sfirststepalongtheroadtoselflessacts”可知，这是一个公益组织，因此是给有需要的人分发大米和其他必需品。故选B。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Dosapati在实现无私行为的道路上迈出的第一步很简单。A.simply简单地，仅仅；B.finally最终；C.exactly确切地；D.completely完全。根据下文描述可知，Dosapati的无私行为始于看见一位女士为移民工人购买鸡肉，这个开始是非常简单的。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，他去一家商店为儿子的生日晚餐挑选原料。A.askfor要求，请求；B.handout分发；C.pickup捡起来，拿起；D.putaway收好。根据下文“forhisson’sbirthdaydinner”可知，此处是指Dosapati去商店挑选给儿子制作生日晚餐的原料。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在商店里，他注意到一个女人正在买大量的鸡肉。A.recognized认出，意识到；B.appreciated感激，欣赏；C.greeted打招呼，迎接；D.noticed注意到。根据下文“Hecouldn’thelpbutask abouther___9___inbuyingsomuchchicken.”可知，Dosapati在和这位女士是说话，可得出他注意到一位女士买了很多鸡肉。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他忍不住问她买这么多鸡肉的目的是什么。A.purpose目的；B.interest兴趣；C.trouble麻烦；D.faith忠诚。根据上文“awomanbuyinganenormousquantityofchicken”推知，看到这位女士买了很多鸡肉，出于好奇，Dosapati询问了女士买那么多鸡肉的目的。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，这名女子是一名在移民工人营地工作的保安，她购买它是为了给那些需要帮助的人一种特殊的款待。A.cooks烹饪；B.works工作；C.teaches教授；D.drills练习，钻孔。根据上文“asecurityguard”可知，此处是指女士的工作。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.item项目，一件商品；B.act行动；C.comfort安慰；D.treat请客，款待。根据下文“forthoseinneed”推知，女士说买那么鸡肉是为了招待移民工人。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，Dosapati陪着保安去了营地。A.took拿，带；B.recommended推荐；C.accompanied陪伴；D.invited邀请。根据下文“thesecurityguardtothecamp”推知，被女士的行为感动，Dosapati陪着女士去了她工作的地方。故选C。33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Dosapati兑现了他的退休基金，并与当地一位商人合作，开办了“RiceATM”A.opened打开，开办；B.visited参观；C.explored探索；D.saved拯救。呼应上文“Dosapatihasspenthisownfundsestablishingandrunninga“RiceATM””可知，Dosapati和当地一位商人开办了RiceATM。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从“大米ATM”启动以来，Dosapati慷慨的消息就传开了。A.attitude态度；B.courage勇气；C.honesty诚实；D.generosity慷慨。根据上文“To___4___themigrantworkers’burden,Dosapatihasspenthisownfundsestablishingandrunninga“RiceATM”___5___riceandothernecessitiestothoseinneed.”和“selflessacts”可知，此处是指Dosapati慷慨的消息传开了。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着来自许多外部来源的支持纷至沓来，该男子表示，他希望在未来很长一段时间内为那些需要帮助的人保持资源流动。A.breaking打破，违背；B.pouring倾倒；C.pulling拉；D.giving给。根据上文“supportfromanumberofoutsidesource’s”可知，外部支持纷至沓来。pourin“大量涌入” 。故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.DuringtheMayDayholiday,numerousmessagesofpeoplelookingfordazi,oractivitypartnersfortraveling,___36___(post)onthesocialmediaplatformXiaohongshu.Earlierthisyear,severaldazi-relatedtopicswereamongthemostsearched-forhashtagsonSinaWeibo,___37___(stimulate)heateddiscussionsamongyoungpeople.Insomeways,activitiesusingdazihavebecome___38___newformofsocialcommunication.___39___friendships,theconceptofdaziismorecustomizable(定制的).Itis___40___(definite)centeredoncompanionshipfields.Theideaissimple—randomindividualscometogether___41___(join)inanactivitytheyallenjoy.Withoneorseveraldazi,peoplecanexperiencedeeperfunintheactivitiestheyareinterestedin.Inadditiontothe___42___(share)interests,anothermajoradvantageofdazicomparedtonormalrelationships___43___(be)itssimplicity,somedaziareonlytemporary,butevenlonger-lastingonesarecastinthesamemould(模式),wherethetopicsdiscussedtendtobefocusedandrelaxed.“___44___mymealdazidoesn’tgotoschoolsomeday,I’llnotbesosadfortherestoftheday.”saidShiZhimin,a17-year-oldstudentfromShanxiprovince.“Traditionalfriendshipsrequirealotoftimeandemotiontomaintain,___45___havingadazimeansnotneedingtocarrythoseburdens,”sheadded.【答案】36.wereposted37.stimulating38.a39.Unlike40.definitely41.tojoin42.shared43.is44.If##When45.while##but##yet【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。在五一假期期间，社交媒体平台小红书上发布了大量寻找“搭子”，也就是旅行伙伴的信息。在某些方面，使用“搭子”的活动已经成为一种新的社交形式。【36题详解】考查动词语态。句意：在五一假期期间，社交媒体平台小红书上发布了大量寻找“搭子”，也就是旅行伙伴的信息。根据“DuringtheMayDayholiday”可知，此处描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。动词post意为“发布”，和主语messages构成被动关系，应用被动语态，主语为复数形式，be动词使用were。故填 wereposted。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：今年早些时候，几个与搭子相关的话题成为新浪微博上搜索量最高的话题标签，引发了年轻人的热烈讨论。动词stimulate意为“促进，激发（某事物）”，和系动词之间没有连词，和句子构成主动关系，且表示意料之中的结果，应用现在分词，作状语。故填stimulating。【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：在某些方面，使用搭子的活动已经成为一种新的社交形式。form意为“形式”，为可数名词，此处为第一次出现，应用不定冠词。new的开头发音为辅音音素，应用a。故填a。【39题详解】考查介词。句意：与友谊不同，搭子的概念更具可定制性。根据“theconceptofdaziismorecustomizable”可知，此处是指搭子不像友谊，应用介词unlike表示“不像”。句首首字母应大写。故填Unlike。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：它绝对以伴侣领域为中心。此处修饰动词，应用副词definitely“绝对地”，作状语。故填definitely。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个想法很简单——随机的人聚在一起参加一项他们都喜欢的活动。根据“randomindividualscometogether”和“inanactivitytheyallenjoy”可知，此处是指随机的人聚在一起是为了参加一项他们都喜欢的活动，应用动词不定式，作目的状语。故填tojoin。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：除了共同的兴趣爱好外，与普通的关系相比，搭子的另一个主要优点是简单。有些搭子只是暂时的，但即使是更长久的搭子，也都是同样的模式，讨论的话题往往是集中和轻松的。动词share意为“共同拥有（看法、特质或经历）”，和系动词之间没有连词，和逻辑主语interests构成被动关系，且动作已完成，应用过去分词，作定语。故填shared。【43题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：除了共同的兴趣爱好外，与普通的关系相比，搭子的另一个主要优点是简单。有些搭子只是暂时的，但即使是更长久的搭子，也都是同样的模式，讨论的话题往往是集中和轻松的。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语advantage为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is。【44题详解】考查连接词。句意：“如果/当有一天我的饭搭子没来上学，我这一天其余的时候也不会很难过。”来自山西的17岁学生石志敏说。根据“mymealdazidoesn’tgotoschoolsomeday”和“I’llnotbesosadfortherestoftheday”可知，此处是指如果/当有一天饭搭子没来上学，所以应用连词if表示“如果”引导 条件状语从句或when表示“当……时”引导时间状语从句。句首首字母应大写。故填If或When。【45题详解】考查连词。句意：“传统的友谊需要大量的时间和情感来维持，而拥有‘搭子’意味着不需要承担这些负担，”她补充说。根据“Traditionalfriendshipsrequirealotoftimeandemotiontomaintain”和“havingadazimeansnotneedingtocarrythoseburdens”可知，前后构成转折关系，所以应用连词while/but/yet表示“然而”。故填while/but/yet。第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，上周你校举办了手工制作活动，活动用料全部来自生活中的可回收材料。请你为校英文报写一篇短文，内容包括：1.活动目的；2.活动内容；3.你的感受。注意：1.词数80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。AHandcraftMakingActivity_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Lastweek,ourschoolorganizedahandcraftmakingactivity,withtheaimofpromotingrecyclingandenvironmentalprotection.Thematerialsusedinthisactivitywereallfromdailyrecyclableitems.Duringtheactivity,weweredividedintogroupsandeachgroupcreateddifferenthandicrafts.Somemadepencilholdersfromemptycans,whileothersmadephotoframesfromcardboardboxes.Wealsolearnedsomebasictechniquesofhandcraftmaking,suchascutting,shapingandsticking.Personally,Ienjoyedtheactivityverymuch.NotonlydidIlearnsomenewskills,butIalsorealizedthevalueofrecyclingandreducingwaste.Ibelievethatsmallactions,suchasreusingrecyclablematerials,canmakeabigdifferenceinprotectingourenvironment.【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的报道。要求考生为校英文报写一篇报道，报道上周学校举办的手工制作活动，包括活动目的、内容和感受等。【详解】1.词汇积累目的：aim→purpose就我个人而言：personally→formypart/inmyview喜爱：enjoy→like/befondof认为：believe→suppose/think2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Thematerialsusedinthisactivitywereallfromdailyrecyclableitems.拓展句：Thematerialswhichwereusedinthisactivitywereallfromdailyrecyclableitems.【点睛】【高分句型1】Somemadepencilholdersfromemptycans,whileothersmadephotoframesfromcardboardboxes.（运用了while引导的状语从句）【高分句型2】Ibelievethatsmallactions,suchasreusingrecyclablematerials,canmakeabigdifferenceinprotectingourenvironment.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文.Growingup,IwasalwaysaroundmygrandmaMeredith.Shewastheonewhooriginallyinspiredmyloveforcookingandmydreamofbecomingachef.Yet,onedayIreceivedatextthatwouldturnmywholelifearound:“Grandmaisseriouslyill”,thetextread.“Weneedyourhelpinassistingwithhercare.”Withoutasecondofhesitation,Iagreedtotravelbackhome.Thankfully,mybossattherestaurantletmetakeunpaidleaveforthenextseveralmonthssoIcouldcomehometohelpoutwithgrandma.Afterdrivingacrossseveralstates,IfinallygotbacktoourfamilyhomeinWestVirginia.Yet,whatIsawwasreallyhardformetobear.TheMeredithIsawthenwasnotthelively,joyfulMeredithIhadseenwhileIwasgrowingup.“Tony!”shecalledtomefromherbed,“It’ssogoodtoseeyou!”“Grandma,”Isighed,“I’mnotTony.That’sdad,yourson.I’mHank.”Thiswasthestartofamonths-longjourneyofhelpingoutaroundthehouse—cooking,cleaning,and,mostofall,keepinggrandmaingoodhealthandgoodspirits.Everyday,Icookeddeliciousfoodtokeepeveryone’sspiritshigh.But,secretly,Ihopedthatcookingsomedishesthatwehadmadetogetherinmy.Childhoodwouldsomehowhelpgetgrandma’smemoryofmeback,ifjustforamoment. Stews(炖菜),chops(排骨),roasts—Iservedallofthesetograndmaandmyparentsaroundtheclock.WhenIwasn’ttakinggrandmaoutforawalkinherwheelchairorchangingherbedsheets,Iwascooking.IhadcookedforcelebritieswhileattherestaurantinNewYorkCity,butneverhadIpouredmyheartoutintomymealsthanIdidthenforgrandma.However,itdidn’tworkatall.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答.ThenIdecidedtomakesomethingsimple._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Aftertakingafewbites,grandmafinallycalledoutmyname-myactualname._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】ThenIdecidedtomakesomethingsimple.Whatcametomymindwasasandwich.WhenIwasachild,mygrandmaalwaysmademeasandwichforbreakfast.Itwasthemostdelicioussandwichintheworld.Sincethen,Ihavedreamtaboutbeingachef.Thesandwichmadebymygrandmahastwolayers,thefirstlayerwithham,andthesecondlayerwithvegetablesalad.SoImadeasandwichthewaymygrandmotherdid.ThenIgaveittomygrandma,hopingitcouldhelpherrememberme.Aftertakingafewbitesgrandmafinallycalledoutmyname-myactualname.IwassoexcitedthatIhuggedher,saying“Finally,yourememberme!”“Mydear,youcomeback.Imissyousomuch.”Mygrandmasaidhappilywithtearsrollingdownherface.Inthefollowingdays,Iaccompaniedmygrandmaandtookcareofher.Soonsherecovered.Itisnotonlythesandwichbutalsograndma’sloveformethathelpsherrecover.【解析】【导语】 本文以人物为线索展开。讲述了作者从小受奶奶影响成为了一名有名的厨师。一天作者得知奶奶生病，于是请假回去照顾奶奶。但是奶奶不记得作者。虽然作者每天换着花样给奶奶做饭，但是奶奶依旧没有记起作者。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“然后我决定做点简单的东西。”可知，第一段可描写作者做小时候奶奶给自己做的三明治的过程。②由第二段首句内容“吃了几口后，奶奶终于叫出了我的名字——我的真名。”可知，第二段可描写奶奶认出了作者，在作者的陪伴下奶奶康复了。2.续写线索：决定做简单的东西——想起做三明治——做三明治的过程——给奶奶吃——奶奶认出作者——作者很高兴——在作者的陪伴下奶奶康复3.词汇激活行为类①某人想起来：cometoone’smind/occurtosb.②梦想着：dreamabout/dreamof③拥抱某人：hugsb./takesb.inarms情绪类①激动的：excited/thrilled②高兴地：happily/gladly【点睛】[高分句型1]WhenIwasachild,mygrandmaalwaysmademeasandwichforbreakfast.（由连接词when引导的状语从句）[高分句型2]IwassoexcitedthatIhuggedher,saying“Finally,yourememberme!”（由so...that引导的状语从句）[高分句型3]Itisnotonlythesandwichbutalsograndma’sloveformethathelpsherrecover.（运用了强调句）