山东省聊城市2023届高三英语三模试题（Word版附解析）

2023年聊城市高考模拟试题英语（三）本试卷分三部分，共10页。满分120分。考试用时100分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ALearn,PlayandGiveBackwithFreerice!DescriptionFreericeisaneducationalgamethathelpsyougetsmarterwhilemakingadifferenceforpeoplearoundtheworld.Everyquestionyouanswercorrectlyraises10grainsofricefortheWorldFoodProgrammetosupportitsworksavingandchanginglivesaroundtheworld.Joinourglobalcommunityandstartmakingadifferencetoday.HowcanIuseFreericeintheclassroomoratmyworkplace?Youcancreateagroup,inviteyourfriends,andcompetetoseewhocanraisethemostrice!Shareyourgroupcodesoplayerscanjoin.Youcanalsohostavolunteereventonyouronlineaccounttomarkkeyinternationaldays,likeWorldFoodDayortheInternationalDayofCharity.Tag@wfpfreericesowecanrepostyours!Whereistheapp?YoumayhavenoticedthatwerecentlyremovedtheFreericeappfromtheAppStoreandGooglePlayStore,andweapologizeforanyinconveniencethismaycause.Wedecidetofocusourresourcesontheresponsivewebapp.Youcanstillplaythegameonyourdesktopormobilephonebyenteringwww.freerice.com.Weappreciateyourunderstandingandhopetobringtheappbackinthefuture.CommunityguidelinesFreericeisforallagesandisdesignedtobesafeandwelcoming.Yourusernameandgroupnamearetheonlytwoplaceswhereplayerscanpublishinformationthatisvisibletootherplayers.ContactusWanttocontributequestionsorcreativeideastoFreerice?PleasesendanemailtoWFP.Freerice@wfp.org andletusknowalittlebitaboutyou.1.WhatdoesFreericeencourageuserstodo?APlaygamestoearnmoney.B.Donatemoneytochangelives.C.Readarticlestogaininformation.D.Answerquestionstohelpwithcharity.2.WhatcanusersdoinFreerice?A.AdvertisefortheWFP.B.Createanewquestionset.C.Organizevolunteeractivities.D.Earningcoinsforjoininggames.3.Howcanusersaccessthegameaccordingtothetext?A.Byvisitingaresponsivewebsite.B.Bydownloadingamobileapp.C.BycontactingtheWFP.D.Bysendinganemail.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款教育游戏Freerice。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Description中的“Everyquestionyouanswercorrectlyraises10grainsofricefortheWorldFoodProgrammetosupportitsworksavingandchanginglivesaroundtheworld.(你每正确回答一个问题，就会为世界粮食计划署筹集10粒大米，以支持其在世界各地拯救和改变生命的工作。)”可知，Freerice鼓励用户通过回答问题以帮助慈善事业。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据HowcanIuseFreericeintheclassroomoratmyworkplace?中的“Youcancreateagroup,inviteyourfriends,andcompetetoseewhocanraisethemostrice!Shareyourgroupcodesoplayerscanjoin.Youcanalsohostavolunteereventonyouronlineaccounttomarkkeyinternationaldays,likeWorldFoodDayortheInternationalDayofCharity.(你可以创建一个小组，邀请你的朋友，并竞争，看谁能筹集最多的大米!分享你的团队代码，让玩家可以加入。您还可以在您的在线帐户上举办志愿者活动，以纪念重要的国 际日子，如世界粮食日或国际慈善日。)”可知，用户在Freerice中可以组织志愿者活动。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Whereistheapp?中的“Wedecidetofocusourresourcesontheresponsivewebapp.Youcanstillplaythegameonyourdesktopormobilephonebyenteringwww.freerice.com.(我们决定将我们的资源集中在响应式web应用程序上。您仍然可以通过输入www.freerice.com在桌面或手机上玩游戏。)”可知，用户可以通过访问响应式网站进入游戏。故选A。BItwaseighto’clockonChristmasmorning,andUncleTomsaidhewantedtolistentothenews.My11-year-oldselfwaswonderingwhygrown-upswouldbeinterestedinthenewswhentherewereimportantthingstobedone,suchashandingoutpresents.However,whileIwasonlyhalf-listeningtotheradiobroadcast,IwasconfusedthatIhadheardthatreportearlier.Myolderbrother,Colin,figuredoutwhatwashappening.“Pete,it’sataperecorder!We’vegotourtaperecorder!”Thiswasoneofthoseraremomentswhenmyinsidegaveaninvoluntarylurch(倾斜).ColinandIhadbothbeenblindfrombirth.Inthelate1950s,taperecordersweredefinitelythetopchoiceforblindkids,especiallywiththeriseofrock‘n’roll.Butitwasn’tthefirsttimeIhadbeenattractedtoataperecorder.IvividlyrememberwalkingintoaroomwhenIwasfourandhearingachild’sbeautifulsinging.Itturnedoutthatmydadhadborrowedataperecorderforpreparinghisprojects.Andforthefirsttime,inthesamewaythatasightedchildmightreacttoseeingthemselvesinamirrororaphotograph,Igotthesenseofmyselfasaseparatepersonwhoexistedoutsidemyheadandwasexperiencedbyotherpeople.ThenIbecameabroadcasteratschool.Iwouldwanderaroundtheschoolwithmymicrophone,recordingmythoughtsinthestyleofthevoicesIheardontheradio.ButthebiggestchallengewasnotfindingthingstodowiththetaperecorderbuttakingitawayfromColin.Hisgenerosityonthefirstdaywegotitdidnotextendtohandingitovertohisbrotheratschool.“You’llbreakit,”hewouldsay.Buttenyearslater,Idrewontheconfidencegainedfromthoseearlyexplorationsofthesoundandwalkedintoaradiostation,inthehopesofsellingmyselfasabroadcastjournalist.Eightyearslater,IpresentedmyfirstreportforBBC’sSixO’ClockNews.IneverthoughtthataChristmaspresenthadchangedmylife.4.WhydidUncleTomprobablylistentothenewsonChristmasmorning?A.Tokeepupwiththetimes.B.Tocarryontheholidaytradition.C.Tocreateahappyfestivalmood. D.TosurpriseColinandtheauthor.5.Whatdidtheauthorfeelwhenfirsthearingataperecorderatfour?A.Hisinterestinmusic.B.Hisloveofbroadcasting.C.Therealexistenceofhimself.D.Anunderstandingofhisfather.6.Whatwastheauthor’sbiggestchallengeasaschoolbroadcaster?A.Learningthevoicestyleofradiohosts.B.GettingthetaperecorderfromColin.C.Balancingbroadcastingandstudy.D.Findingfunthingstorecord.7.Whathelpedbuilduptheauthor’sconfidenceinbecomingabroadcastjournalist?A.Hisexperiencesofexploringthesound.B.Histalentforrecording.C.Hisfather’sencouragement.D.Hisrichbroadcastingknowledge.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和哥哥出生后就双目失明，幼时的一份圣诞礼物——录音机，帮助自己获得了信心，并最终成为了一名播音员。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“However,whileIwasonlyhalf-listeningtotheradiobroadcast,IwasconfusedthatIhadheardthatreportearlier.(然而，当我只听了一半的广播时，我很困惑，因为我早些时候听到了那个报道。)”可知，作者的叔叔说要听新闻，但作者发现报道已经播放过了，再根据第二段“Myolderbrother,Colin,figuredoutwhatwashappening.“Pete,it’sataperecorder!We’vegotourtaperecorder!”Thiswasoneofthoseraremomentswhenmyinsidegaveaninvoluntarylurch(倾斜).(我哥哥科林发弄清楚发生的一切。“皮特，这是录音机！我们有录音机！”这是我的内心情不自禁为之一动的罕见时刻之一。)”可推断出，作者的叔叔提出想听听新闻是想把圣诞礼物——录音机作为惊喜送给作者兄弟。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Butitwasn’tthefirsttimeIhadbeenattractedtoataperecorder.IvividlyrememberwalkingintoaroomwhenIwasfourandhearingachild’sbeautifulsinging.Itturnedoutthatmydadhad borrowedataperecorderforpreparinghisprojects.Andforthefirsttime,inthesamewaythatasightedchildmightreacttoseeingthemselvesinamirrororaphotograph,Igotthesenseofmyselfasaseparatepersonwhoexistedoutsidemyheadandwasexperiencedbyotherpeople.(但这并不是我第一次被录音机所吸引。我清楚地记得，当我四岁的时候，走进一个房间，听到一个孩子美妙的歌声。原来我爸爸借了一台录音机准备他的项目。这是第一次，就像一个视力正常的孩子在镜子或照片中看到自己时的反应一样，我感觉到自己是一个独立的人，存在于我的头脑之外，被其他人体验到。)”可知，作者四岁时第一次听到录音机时就被其所吸引，第一次感受到自己是一个独立的人。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ButthebiggestchallengewasnotfindingthingstodowiththetaperecorderbuttakingitawayfromColin.(但最大的挑战并不是找到处理录音机的方法，而是把它从科林手中拿走。)”可知，作为学校广播员，作者面临的最大挑战是从科林那里拿到录音机。故选B。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Buttenyearslater,Idrewontheconfidencegainedfromthoseearlyexplorationsofthesoundandwalkedintoaradiostation,inthehopesofsellingmyselfasabroadcastjournalist.(但十年后，我带着从早期探索声音中获得的信心，走进一家广播电台，希望以广播记者的身份推销自己。)”可知，作者对于成为一名广播记者的信心源自于自己探索声音的经历。故选A。CAfterayearofseveredrought,Californiahasseenanabundanceofrainsincelateautumn.AbbyWines,aranger(护林员)atDeathValleyNationalParkinsouthernCalifornia,predictedthattheheavyrainfallwouldbringustheopportunitytowitnessoneofnature’smostspectaculardisplaysofcolorandlife—asuperbloom—in2023.Asuperbloomreferstoalargeamountofwildflowergrowththatexceedstheaveragelevelforatypicalspring.Itisactuallyararephenomenonthatusuallytakesplaceinexceptionallywetwinters.Seedsthatmayhavesleptindesertsoilforyearsfinallyreceiveenoughwatertoblossominmoreabundantnumbersthanyouwouldseeinatypicalyear.Thesightofthesuperbloomistrulybreathtaking.Fieldsofgold,orange,andpurpleflowersstretchasfarastheeyecansee,creatingablanketofcolorsthatcanbeseenfromspace.However,climatechangemakesthephenomenonincreasinglyrare.Inthedistantpast,thesebloomswereoftenexcellentandenormous.Asdevelopmentpushesfartherout,morelandscapeshavebeenchangedtoagriculture,andasinvasiveplantsoutcompetesthenativeseedlings,manyofCalifornia’sspringflowerfieldsaredisappearing.Inaddition,thousandsoftouristssometimesstepontheflowersandsoil,whichharmstheplant’s abilitytoadaptandthrive.NaomiFraga,directorofconservationattheCaliforniaBotanicGarden,pointsoutthatinpromotingtheselocationswheremassivebloomstakeplace,thereisn’talotofadditionalinformationabouthowtheseareactuallyveryfragile(脆弱的)ecosystems.Insteadofpromotingandsharingspecificlocations,it’simportanttoeducatethepublicaboutthefragilityoftheecosystemsandtheimportanceofstayingontrailswhichpeopleareallowedtoenter.8WhatisthekeytoasuperbloomaccordingtoAbbyWines?A.Desertsoil.B.Warmclimate.C.Sufficientrainfall.D.High-qualityseeds.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exceeds”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Equalsto.B.Goesbeyond.C.Cutsdown.D.Setsup.10.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Reasonsforthesuperbloombeingrare.B.Factorsinplants’adaptingtotheenvironment.C.Therelationshipbetweenclimateandplantsgrowing.D.Theeffectofagriculturaldevelopmentonplantsflowering.11.WhatdoesNaomiFragaadvocate?A.Promotinglocaltourismbyadvertisingsuperblooms.B.Recommendingtouristsperfecttrailstoenjoyasuperbloom.C.StrengtheningthemanagementofCaliforniaBotanicGarden.D.Leadingthepublictofocusmoreontheecologicalenvironment.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加州自深秋以来的强降雨预计将在2023年带来超级盛开，这是一种罕见的现象，并解释了这种现象的原因。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Afterayearofseveredrought,Californiahasseenanabundanceofrainsincelateautumn.AbbyWines,aranger(护林员)atDeathValleyNationalParkinsouthernCalifornia,predictedthattheheavyrainfallwouldbringustheopportunitytowitnessoneofnature’smostspectaculardisplaysofcolorandlife —asuperbloom—in2023.(在经历了一年的严重干旱之后，加州自深秋以来迎来了大量降雨。南加州死亡谷国家公园的护林员艾比·瓦恩斯预测，这场暴雨将使我们有机会在2023年见证大自然最壮观的色彩和生命展示之一——超级盛开。)”可知，艾比·瓦恩斯认为，绽放的关键是雨量充足。故选C。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Seedsthatmayhavesleptindesertsoilforyearsfinallyreceiveenoughwatertoblossominmoreabundantnumbersthanyouwouldseeinatypicalyear.(在沙漠土壤中沉睡多年的种子终于获得了足够的水分，开花数量比你在典型年份看到的要多。)”可知，结合画线句，“超级盛开”指的是大量野花的生长超过了一个典型春季的平均水平。所以exceeds为“超过”之意。故选B。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“However,climatechangemakesthephenomenonincreasinglyrare.Inthedistantpast,thesebloomswereoftenexcellentandenormous.Asdevelopmentpushesfartherout,morelandscapeshavebeenchangedtoagriculture,andasinvasiveplantsoutcompetesthenativeseedlings,manyofCalifornia’sspringflowerfieldsaredisappearing.Inaddition,thousandsoftouristssometimesstepontheflowersandsoil,whichharmstheplant’sabilitytoadaptandthrive.(然而，气候变化使这种现象越来越罕见。在遥远的过去，这些花往往是美丽而巨大的。随着发展向更远的地方推进，越来越多的景观变成了农业，随着入侵植物的竞争超过了本地幼苗，加州的许多春花田正在消失。此外，成千上万的游客有时会踩到花和土壤，这损害了植物的适应和茁壮成长的能力。)”可知，本段主要介绍超级开花罕见的原因。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“NaomiFraga,directorofconservationattheCaliforniaBotanicGarden,pointsoutthatinpromotingtheselocationswheremassivebloomstakeplace,thereisn’talotofadditionalinformationabouthowtheseareactuallyveryfragile(脆弱的)ecosystems.Insteadofpromotingandsharingspecificlocations,it’simportanttoeducatethepublicaboutthefragilityoftheecosystemsandtheimportanceofstayingontrailswhichpeopleareallowedtoenter.(加州植物园的保护主任娜奥米·弗拉加指出，在宣传这些大规模开花的地方时，并没有很多关于这些生态系统实际上是多么脆弱的额外信息。与其宣传和分享特定的地点，不如教育公众生态系统的脆弱性，以及在允许人们进入的小径上行走的重要性。)”可推断，娜奥米·弗拉提倡引导公众更加关注生态环境。故选D。DResearchersatNorthCarolinaStateUniversityareproposinganadditionalwhitetrafficlightthatwillactasasigntohumandriversandpassengersthattheyshouldfollowtheleadofself-drivingvehiclesmovingthroughintersections(十字路口).Drivingisfundamentallychanging.Inthefuture,humandriverswillbesharingtheroadwithautonomous vehicles.Thetransitiontoautonomousvehiclesisprogressingwitheachpassingyearandhumansarenolongertheonlyonessittingbehindanautomobile’ssteeringwheel.Thismakesiturgentfortrafficlightswithafourthcolortobecomeareality.ThewhitetrafficlightwouldbeequippedwithwirelessBluetoothtechnologyandwouldengagewhenthenumberofautonomousvehiclesdrivingontheroadatanygiventimeexceedsacertainthreshold(阈值).Autonomousvehicleswouldbeincommunicationwitheachotherandwiththetrafficlightsatintersections,withinacertainrange.Anyhumandriversinthemixwouldbeinformedtofollowtheleadofthevehicleinfrontofthemviathewhitelight:stopifitstops,continueifitcontinues.Insimulationmodels,autonomousvehicleswereshowntoimprovetrafficflowontheirown.Thehigherthepercentageofautonomousvehiclesatanintersection,thefasterthetrafficmoved,withimprovementsofabout40to99percentintermsoftotaldelayreductionspossible.“Thewhitelightcanbeusedtocoordinate(协调)trafficinanysituationinvolvingautonomousvehiclesandtellshumandriverswhat’sgoingon,sothattheyknowwhattheyaresupposedtodoastheyapproachtheintersection,”sayscivilengineerAliHajbabaie.Asanexample,mostrecently,Tesla’sproblematicfull-self-drivingvehicleshavebeenattheforefrontofpubliccriticismafteracarcrashedintoafiretruck.Consequently,thepotentialriskslinkedtoautonomousdrivingarewhatmadeNorthCarolinaStateUniversityresearcherssuggestaddingafourthcolortotrafficlightsinthecomingyears.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inparagraph2referto?A.Stricttrafficrules.B.Theupgradeofroadsystem.C.Increasingautonomousvehicles.D.Thehighcostofself-drivingtechnology.13.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellusaboutthewhitetrafficlight?A.Itssignalmeaning.B.Itsworkingprinciple.C.Itscomplexdatabase.D.Itspotentialapplications.14.WhatdoesAliHajbabaieconveyinhiswords?A.Thewhitetrafficlightcanhelpimprovetheflowoftraffic.B.Autonomousvehiclesarepotentialthreatstoroadsafety.C.Itisdifficultforelderlydriverstoadapttowhitetrafficlights.D.Peoplehadtobetrainedbeforedrivingontheroadswithwhitetrafficlights.15.WhydoestheauthormentiontheexampleofTeslainthelastparagraph? A.Tostressthepopularityofdriverlessvehicles.B.Toprovethenecessityofaddingwhitetrafficlights.C.Tocallonthepublictopaycloseattentiontoroadsafety.D.Topresentthehiddendangersofusingwhitetrafficlights.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着驾驶正在发生根本性变化，研究人员提出了设立一个额外的白色交通信号灯，它将作为一个标志，告诉人类司机和乘客，他们应该跟随自动驾驶汽车通过十字路口。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词上文“Drivingisfundamentallychanging.Inthefuture,humandriverswillbesharingtheroadwithautonomousvehicles.Thetransitiontoautonomousvehiclesisprogressingwitheachpassingyearandhumansarenolongertheonlyonessittingbehindanautomobile’ssteeringwheel.Thismakesiturgentfortrafficlightswithafourthcolortobecomeareality.(驾驶正在发生根本性的变化。在未来，人类驾驶员将与自动驾驶汽车共享道路。向自动驾驶汽车的过渡每年都在推进，人类不再是唯一坐在汽车方向盘后面的人。这使得第四种颜色的交通信号灯迫切需要成为现实。)”可知，代词“this”指代的是上文提到的驾驶发生的变化，在未来，人类驾驶员将与自动驾驶汽车共享道路，道路上会不断增加自动驾驶汽车。故选C。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“ThewhitetrafficlightwouldbeequippedwithwirelessBluetoothtechnologyandwouldengagewhenthenumberofautonomousvehiclesdrivingontheroadatanygiventimeexceedsacertainthreshold(阈值).Autonomousvehicleswouldbeincommunicationwitheachotherandwiththetrafficlightsatintersections,withinacertainrange.Anyhumandriversinthemixwouldbeinformedtofollowtheleadofthevehicleinfrontofthemviathewhitelight:stopifitstops,continueifitcontinues.(白色交通灯将配备无线蓝牙技术，当任何时间行驶在道路上的自动驾驶车辆数量超过一定阈值时，它就会启动。在一定范围内，自动驾驶汽车可以相互通信，也可以与十字路口的交通灯通信。车辆中的任何人类驾驶员都将被告知通过白灯跟随前面车辆的指示：如果它停下来，就停下来，如果它继续行驶，就继续行驶。)”可知，第三段主要介绍了白色交通灯运行的原理，故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段““Thewhitelightcanbeusedtocoordinate(协调)trafficinanysituationinvolvingautonomousvehiclesandtellshumandriverswhat’sgoingon,sothattheyknowwhattheyaresupposedtodoastheyapproachtheintersection,”sayscivilengineerAliHajbabaie.(土木工程师AliHajbabaie说：“ 在任何涉及自动驾驶汽车的情况下，白色交通灯都可以用来协调交通，并告诉人类司机正在发生什么，这样他们就知道在接近十字路口时应该怎么做。”)”可知，AliHajbabaie认为白色交通灯可以帮助协调交通，从而使交通更顺畅。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Asanexample,mostrecently,Tesla’sproblematicfull-self-drivingvehicleshavebeenattheforefrontofpubliccriticismafteracarcrashedintoafiretruck.Consequently,thepotentialriskslinkedtoautonomousdrivingarewhatmadeNorthCarolinaStateUniversityresearcherssuggestaddingafourthcolortotrafficlightsinthecomingyears.(举个例子，最近，一辆特斯拉全自动驾驶汽车撞上一辆消防车后，成为公众批评的焦点。因此，与自动驾驶相关的潜在风险促使北卡罗来纳州立大学的研究人员建议在未来几年为交通信号灯增加第四种颜色。)”可知，文章举特斯拉的例子，是为了证明下文，也就是增加白色交通信号灯的必要性。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Longbeforemetalovenracks(架子)wereinvented,manypeoplewouldplacethethingsthattheywantedtobakeontostonestokeepthemfromburninginovensorevendirectlyonheat.___16___However,thereareactuallymanyapplicationsforitsuseinbaking.Typicalbakingstonescanbemadeofvariousmaterials,andtendtobeeitherroundorrectangularinshape.Theclaystoneispopular,butsomepeoplelikemarble.Somehaveashinysurfaceandothersdon’thave.___17___Somepeoplesuggestthatheadingtothelocalkitchensupplystoretopurchaseabakingstoneisawasteoftimeandinsteadtheypurchasetiles(瓦片)fromkitchenorgardeningstores.___18___Theymaycontainhighamountsofleadandcookswouldneedtotestthemforthepresenceofleadbeforeusingthemtocook.___19___Bakingstonesabsorbandkeepheatverywell,sowhenyouputthemintheovenandallowtheoventorunforawhile,thestonesheatup.Theytransferheatdirectlytothebottomofyourbreadorothergoods,asthegoodscanbeplaceddirectlyonthestonesotheyneverstartoutonacoldsurface.Thisallowsbreadtobakemoreevenlyallover,resultinginamuchnicercrust(酥皮)—particularlyforartisanbread.Therearemanybenefitsofusingabakingstonetocookpizzaorbread.___20___Foranother,thestoneisalsopraisedforitsabilitytoevenlyheatthecrustandlessenchancesthatpizzaorotherbreadwillburn.A.Thewaythatbakingstonesworkissimple.B.Bakingstonescanbefoundinallshapesandsizes.C.Foronething,ittendstoproducemoredesirablequalities. D.Thatmakesthemuniquelyusefulformanycookingcreations.E.Today,thebakingstoneisassociatedmostwithcookingpizza.F.Soyoucanchoosefromagreatvarietyofstonesonthemarket.G.However,mostoftheseproductsarenotratedforsafetyincooking.【答案】16.E17.F18.G19.A20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了烘培石做披萨和面包的好处以及它在烘焙中有很多其它的应用。【16题详解】上文“Longbeforemetalovenracks(架子)wereinvented,manypeoplewouldplacethethingsthattheywantedtobakeontostonestokeepthemfromburninginovensorevendirectlyonheat.”（早在金属烤架发明之前，许多人就会把他们想烤的东西放在石头上，以防止它们在烤箱中烧焦，甚至直接加热。）引出话题，提到人们把想烤的东西放在石头上。下文“However,thereareactuallymanyapplicationsforitsuseinbaking.”（然而，实际上它在烘焙中有很多应用。）说明在烘焙中有很多应用。结合选项E项Today,thebakingstoneisassociatedmostwithcookingpizza.（今天，烘焙石与制作披萨联系最为紧密。）起到上下文的承上启下作用，下文是对上文的语意递进，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。【17题详解】根据上文“Theclaystoneispopular,butsomepeoplelikemarble.Somehaveashinysurfaceandothersdon’thave.”（粘土石很受欢迎，但有些人喜欢大理石。有些有闪亮的表面，有些则没有。）可知，说明不同的选择。结合选项F项Soyoucanchoosefromagreatvarietyofstonesonthemarket.（所以你可以从市场上各种各样的石头中选择。）可知，和上文内容相关，形成因果关系，为上文内容的语意递进。故选F项。【18题详解】根据下文“Theymaycontainhighamountsofleadandcookswouldneedtotestthemforthepresenceofleadbeforeusingthemtocook.”（他们可能含有大量的铅，厨师在用它们做饭之前需要测试它们是否含有铅。）说明不安全的原因。可推知，上文为关于安全的内容。结合选项G项However,mostoftheseproductsarenotratedforsafetyincooking.（然而，这些产品中的大多数都没有被评为烹饪安全。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。【19题详解】根据下文“Bakingstonesabsorbandkeepheatverywell,sowhenyouputthemintheovenandallowtheoventorunforawhile,thestonesheatup.”（烘烤的石头吸收和保持热量非常好，所以当你把它们放在烤箱里，让烤箱运行一会儿，石头就会变热。）说明烘烤的石头的方法。结合选项A项Thewaythatbakingstonesworkissimple.（烘烤石头的方法很简单。）和下文内容意思一致，为总结下文内容。故选A项。 【20题详解】上文“Therearemanybenefitsofusingabakingstonetocookpizzaorbread.”（用烤石做披萨或面包有很多好处。）说明烤石做披萨的好处。下文“Foranother,thestoneisalsopraisedforitsabilitytoevenlyheatthecrustandlessenchancesthatpizzaorotherbreadwillburn.”（另一方面，这种石头也因为它能均匀地加热面包皮和减少披萨或其他面包烧焦的机会而受到称赞。）说明烤石做披萨好处的原因之一。故可推断空格处内容为另外一种做披萨好处的原因。结合选项C项Foronething,ittendstoproducemoredesirablequalities.（首先，它往往会产生更理想的品质。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。FredricRoiMarquezjoinedaprogramtogiveoutfoodtopeopleataretirementcommunity.Bydoingso,thehighschoolstudenthopedtoearna(n)___21___atcollege.Buttheprogramgavehimmorethanhe___22___,includinglessonsthatwould___23___himintherestofhislife,likethequalitiesofbeingfocused,patientandhighly-efficient.RoyandLynnmovedtothecommunity12yearsago.They___24___whattheseyoungpeoplebroughttothecommunity.Roysaid,“Asyougoinandhaveyourdinnerofferedbyyoungpeoplewhoare___25___andconsiderate,youjustfeelgreat___26___andstrength.”Lynnsaidthestudentstruly___27___aboutthepeopleinthecommunity.ForMarquez,theexperiencewasnew.Hesaid,“Wow,I’m___28___doingthislikeI’mworking.Igetclosewith‘Grandma’and‘Grandpa’.”Marquezalsobegan___29___specialrelationshipswiththeresidents.Manystudentskepttheresidents____30____abouttheirlives.Theytalkedaboutschoolprojects,examsandevenfamilyissues.They____31____theirhopesandsoughtadvicefromtheresidents.Expertssaytheexperienceisgoodforboth____32____.CourtneyBenhoffisaspokespersonforthecommunity.Shesaidtheprogramofferedstudentsthe____33____togainanamountofmoney.“Andthroughcommunication,theresidentscanalsobetterunderstandtheseyoungpeoplethathavemadetheirlivesmore____34____,”CourtneyBenhoffsaid.“Theprogramisagood____35____betweentheyoungandtheold.”21.A.scholarshipB.friendshipC.degreeD.living22.A.refusedB.expectedC.rememberedD.regretted23.A.troubleB.stopC.interestD.serve24.A.likedB.reliedonC.disapprovedofD.missed 25.A.creativeB.respectfulC.shyD.ordinary26.A.thrillB.challengeC.warmthD.growth27.A.worriedB.arguedC.complainedD.cared28.A.actuallyB.theoreticallyC.randomlyD.mentally29.A.handlingB.buildingC.destroyingD.repairing30.A.updatedB.confusedC.pleasedD.concerned31.A.advertisedB.lostC.sharedD.sold32.A.couplesB.companiesC.familiesD.generations33.A.abilityB.rightC.chanceD.permission34.A.peacefulB.reasonableC.colorfulD.attractive35.A.competitionB.bridgeC.differenceD.contrast【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.A25.B26.C27.D28.A29.B30.A31.C32.D33.C34.C35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个奖学金项目加强了学生和老人之间的联系的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这样做，这个高中生希望在大学里获得奖学金。A.scholarship奖学金；B.friendship友谊；C.degree学位；D.living生活。根据下文“Shesaidtheprogramofferedstudentsthe___13___togainanamountofmoney.”可知，此处为通过这样做，这个高中生希望在大学里获得奖学金。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这个项目给他的收获比他预期的要多，包括让他终身受益的课程，比如专注、耐心和高效的品质。A.refused拒绝；B.expected期望；C.remembered记得；D.regretted后悔。根据该句中的“ncludinglessonsthatwould___3___himintherestofhislife,likethequalitiesofbeingfocused,patientandhighly-efficient.”可推知，此处为但这个项目给他的收获比他预期的要多，包括让他终身受益的课程，比如专注、耐心和高效的品质。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这个项目给他的收获比他预期的要多，包括让他终身受益的课程，比如专注、耐心和高效的品质。A.trouble麻烦；B.stop停止；C.interest使感兴趣；D.serve提供，服务。根据上文提到的“Buttheprogramgavehimmorethanheexpected”可推知，此处为这个项目给他的收获比他预期的要多，包括让他终身受益的课程，比如专注、耐心和高效的品质。故选D项。 【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们喜欢这些年轻人给社区带来的东西。A.liked喜欢；B.reliedon依靠；C.disapprovedof不赞成；D.missed错失。根据下文“youjustfeelgreat___6___andstrength.”可推知，此处为他们喜欢这些年轻人给社区带来的东西。故选A项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：罗伊说：“当你走进餐厅，由彬彬有礼、体贴入微的年轻人提供晚餐时，你会感受到巨大的温暖和力量。”A.creative有创造力的；B.respectful表示敬意的，尊敬的；C.shy害羞的；D.ordinary普通的。根据句意以及该句中的“andconsiderate”可推知，此处为当你走进餐厅，由彬彬有礼、体贴入微的年轻人提供晚餐时，你会感受到巨大的温暖和力量。故选B项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：罗伊说：“当你走进餐厅，由彬彬有礼、体贴入微的年轻人提供晚餐时，你会感受到巨大的温暖和力量。”A.thrill兴奋；B.challenge挑战；C.warmth温暖；D.growth成长。根据上文“Asyougoinandhaveyourdinnerofferedbyyoungpeoplewhoarerespectfulandconsiderate”以及该句中的“andstrength”可推知，此处为当你走进餐厅，由彬彬有礼、体贴入微的年轻人提供晚餐时，你会感受到巨大的温暖和力量。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：林恩说，学生们真的很关心社区里的人。A.worried担心；B.argued争论；C.complained抱怨；D.cared关心。根据上文提到的由彬彬有礼、体贴入微的年轻人提供晚餐时，你会感受到巨大的温暖和力量，可知，此处为，学生们真的很关心社区里的人。故选D项。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他说，“哇，我真的在做这件事，就像我在工作一样。A.actually事实上，竟然；B.theoretically从理论上讲；C.randomly随机地；D.mentally精神上。根据句意以及该句中的“likeI’mworking”可推知，此处为我真的在做这件事，就像我在工作一样。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：马尔克斯还开始与居民建立特殊关系。A.handling处理；B.building建立；C.destroying破坏；D.repairing修复。根据句意以及该句中“specialrelationshipswiththeresidents”可知，此处为马尔克斯还开始与居民建立特殊关系。故选B项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多学生向居民介绍他们的最新生活情况。A.updated更新的；B.confused困惑的；C.pleased满意的；D.concerned关心的。根据下文“Theytalkedaboutschoolprojects,examsandevenfamilyissues.”可推知，此处为许多学生向居民介绍他们的最新生活情况。故选A项。 【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们分享了自己的希望，并向居民寻求建议。A.advertised登广告；B.lost失去；C.shared分享；D.sold销售。根据该句中的“andsoughtadvicefromtheresidents.”可知，此处为他们分享了自己的希望，并向居民寻求建议。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：专家表示，这种经历对两代人都有好处。A.couples夫妻；B.companies公司；C.families家庭；D.generations代，一代人。根据文章最后一句“Theprogramisagood___15___betweentheyoungandtheold.”可推知，此处为专家表示，这种经历对两代人都有好处。故选D项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说，该项目为学生提供了获得一笔钱的机会。A.ability能力；B.right权利；C.chance机会；D.permission准许。根据上文“Bydoingso,thehighschoolstudenthopedtoearna(n)scholarshipatcollege.”以及该句中的“togainanamountofmoney.”可推知，此处为该项目为学生提供了获得一笔钱的机会。故选C项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过交流，居民们也能更好地了解这些让他们的生活更加丰富多彩的年轻人。A.peaceful平静的；B.reasonable合理的；C.colorful丰富多彩的；D.attractive有吸引力的。根据句意以及该句中的“madetheirlives…”可推知，此处为居民们也能更好地了解这些让他们的生活更加丰富多彩的年轻人。故选C项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个项目是年轻人和老年人之间的一个很好的桥梁。A.competition比赛；B.bridge桥梁；C.difference差异；D.contrast对比。根据句意以及该句中的“betweentheyoungandtheold.”可知，此处为这个项目是年轻人和老年人之间的一个很好的桥梁。故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。LocatedinGuangxi,ChengyangWindandRainBridgeisafamousandspecialbridgeinChina.Awindandrainbridgeisaroof-coveredbridgeequippedwithbenchesandpavilions(亭子)___36___(shape)likepalaces.Itcanshelterpeoplefromthewindandrainandallowthem___37___(meet)andrest.TheChengyangWindandRainBridge,___38___designmakesitanoutstandingexampleofitstype,hasthreefloorlevels,___39___(contain)fivepavilionsandaplatformateitherend.Thebridgeissupportedbystonepiers(石墩).It’sover60meterslong,3meterswideandthe.___40___(high)abovetheriverisabout10meters.Theupperstructureiscarefullydesignedwithtowersstandingoneachstonepier.It’smadealmost ___41___(entire)ofwoodandthelongandwideroofiscoveredwithbeautifulmaterials.Thebridge,alsoknownasChengyangYongjiBridge,___42___(construct)bythetalentedlocalworkmenin___43___early1900stolinklocalvillagesacrosstheriver.Theworkmenenabledthemanywoodenpiecestobejoinedcloselytogetherwithoutusingnails.Andthey’ddecoratedthevery___44___(value)bridgewithbrightly-coloredlifelikecarvings____45____paintings.【答案】36.shaped37.tomeet38.whose39.containing40.height41.entirely42.wasconstructed43.the44.valuable##valued45.and【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国广西的程阳永济桥，或称为程阳风雨桥的设计、特点等等。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：风雨桥是一种有屋顶的桥，上面有长凳和亭子，形状像宫殿。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，和被修饰词之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填shaped。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它可以为人们遮风挡雨，让人们会面和休息。allowsb.todosth.“允许某人做某事”，用不定式作宾语补足语。故填tomeet。【38题详解】考查定语从句。句意：程阳风雨桥的设计使其成为该类型的杰出典范，它有三层，包含五个亭子，两端有一个平台。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“ChengyangWindandRainBridge”，和design之间为所有格关系，用关系代词whose。故填whose。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：程阳风雨桥的设计使其成为该类型的杰出典范，它有三层，包含五个亭子，两端有一个平台。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主语“ChengyangWindandRainBridge”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填containing。40题详解】考查名词。句意：它长60多米，宽3米，高出河约10米。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式作主语，height 为不可数名词。故填height。【41题详解】考查副词。句意：它几乎完全由木头建造，又长又宽的屋顶覆盖着漂亮的材料。修饰动词用副词形式作状语，故填entirely。【42题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这座桥也被称为程阳永济桥，是20世纪初由当地有才能的工人建造的，连接了河对岸的当地村庄。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“intheearly1900s”可知，本句为一般过去时；主语为thebridge，单数，和动词construct之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填wasconstructed。【43题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：这座桥也被称为程阳永济桥，是20世纪初由当地有才能的工人建造的，连接了河对岸的当地村庄。固定搭配：intheearly1900s，意为“在20世纪早期”。故填the。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们用色彩鲜艳、栩栩如生的雕刻和绘画来装饰这座非常珍贵的桥。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词，可用valuable或valued。故填valuable/valued。【45题详解】考查连词。句意：他们用色彩鲜艳、栩栩如生的雕刻和绘画来装饰这座非常珍贵的桥。空前“carvings”和空后“paintings”之间为并列关系，所以用并列连词and。故填and。第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你报名参加了你校即将举办关于大自然的英文诗歌朗诵大赛（poetryrecitationcontest）。请给外教MrBlack写一封邮件，请他指导你选材和朗诵练习。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMrBlack,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yourssincerely,LiHua【答案】DearMrBlack,Howareyoudoing?I’vesignedupfortheEnglishpoetryrecitationcontesttobeheldbyourschool,andI’mwritingtoseewhetheryoucouldprovidemewithsomehelp.Thecontestrequiresthateachparticipantshouldreciteapoemaboutnature,andI’vefoundthreepoems.Couldyoubekindenoughtohelpmechoosethemostsuitableone?Besides,Ihopeyoucouldalsogivemesomeadviceonhowtoreciteit.Iwouldbeverygratefulifyoucouldofferhelp.Lookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon!Yourssincerely,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教MrBlack写一封邮件，请他指导你关于大自然的英文诗歌朗诵大赛选材和朗诵练习。【详解】1.词汇积累比赛：contest→competition/match此外：besides→what’smore建议：advice→suggestions感激的：grateful→appreciative2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：I’vesignedupfortheEnglishpoetryrecitationcontesttobeheldbyourschool.拓展句：I’vesignedupfortheEnglishpoetryrecitationcontestwhichwillbeheldbyourschool.【点睛】【高分句型1】Thecontestrequiresthateachparticipantshouldreciteapoemaboutnature,andI’vefoundthreepoems.(运用了宾语从句和虚拟语气)【高分句型2】Iwouldbeverygratefulifyoucouldofferhelp.(运用了if引导的条件状语从句)第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Sara,myneighbor,andIweresittinginouryard,chatting,andfrowningatthewoodenhouseacrossthestreet.Nobodyintheneighborhoodhadmetthesetwoyoungmenthereyet.Thetwomenhadlonghairandbeards anddressedstrangely.Theykepttothemselves.Whentheycameoutside,theynevermadeeyecontactwithanyone.“Theysuredon’tfitintotheneighborhood,”Sarasaid,thecornersofhermouthturningdownasshestaredatthathouse.Sarasaid,“Whataboutourstreetparties?We’vealwaysincludedeveryone.Shouldweinvitethem?”Isighed,“Trybeingnice,Sara.”Suddenly,SarasatupstraightandhereyesgrewwidewithcuriositywhenagovernmentcarpulledupbeforeMrsSwain’shousenextdoor.Wehurriedover.MrsSwainwasrecoveringfromcancerandlivedalone.SaraandItriedtokeepaneyeonher.ThemanfromthecarputapieceofpaperonMrsSwain’sdoorandhurriedlyleft.MrsSwainlookedold,thin,andverytiredwhensheopenedthedoor.Wethreelookedatthepaper.Itread:“Someonecomplainedyourgrass’lengthisagainstcityrules.Pleasecutitinfivedays,oryou’llbefined.”Itwasashamethatnobodyhadcuthergrassforher.However,SaraandIlivedalone,andwewerebothpregnant.Whatwasworse,wewereonatightbudget,andtheotherfamiliesherewereonvacation.SaraandIcomfortedMrsSwain,tellingherwe’dfigureoutaway.MrsSwainblinkedinconfusion,“Whowouldcomplain?Everyoneknowsthatmyoldlawnmowerisbroken.AndI’vebeensicktoo.”“Itmaybethosetwoguysacrossthestreet,”Sarawhispered,angrilystaringatthatwoodenhouse.Justthen,avoicethatseemedtoogentletobecomingfromthestrangeyoungmanbehindmesaid,“Whatisgoingon?Isshealright?”HenoddedtowardMrsSwain.Saralookedathimcoldlyandsaid,“Someguysreportedherbecausehergrassistoohigh.”Hereyesranoverhimdisapprovingly,buthedidn’tseemtonotice.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Theyoungmanandhisfriendquicklymadeeyecontactandnoddedseriously.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Aftertheyfinishedthework,SaraandIwalkedinshametoapologizeforjudgingthem. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Theyoungmanandhisfriendquicklymadeeyecontactandnoddedseriously.Thentheyturnedandwalkedbacktowardthehouse.Justthen,MrsSwain’seyeswidenedinsurprise,andwefollowedhergaze.Thetwoyoungmenwerehurryingacrossthestreet,onepushinganoldlawnmowerandtheothercarryingaweedeater.Withoutaword,theyworkedtocutMrsSwain’sgrass.Insilence,weknewwe’dmadeabig,embarrassing,andsillymistake.Weregrettedmisunderstandingthetwokindmen,andjuststoodthereawkwardly.Aftertheyfinishedthework,SaraandIwalkedinshametoapologizeforjudgingthem.“Forgiveusforbeingrude,”wesaid.Theyjusthumorouslyrepliedwithajoketogetusoutofourguilt.Later,MrsSwaincarriedjuiceandhomemadecookiestothetiredmen.MrsSwainthankedthemandofferedtopaythem.Butonemansmiled,“We’llkeepyourgrasscutifyoukeepmakingjuiceandcookiesforus.”Thatday,welearnedalesson.Neverpassjudgmentonpeoplebecausetheydon’tlook,dress,orsoundlikeyou.Theymaybemuchbetterpeoplethanyouare.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和邻居萨拉一开始对附近来的两个年轻人感到排斥和轻视的态度，直到后来一次他们主动帮助斯温太太割草的行为，改变了原先对他们的看法，并且明白了永远不要因为别人的外表、穿着或声音与你不同而对他们进行评判，他们可能比你优秀得多的道理。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“年轻人和他的朋友很快眼神接触，认真地点了点头。”可知，第一段可描写两个年轻人决定帮斯温太太割草的经过。。②由第二段首句内容“他们完成工作后，萨拉和我羞愧地走过来，为自己对他们的评价道歉。”可知，第二段可描写萨拉和我向他们道歉并且年轻人给出的回复。。2.续写线索：认真地点了点头——转身向房子走去——拿出割草机帮忙割草——后悔误解了那两位好心的人——向他们道歉——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①朝……走回：walkedbacktoward/gobackto②主动提出：offered/provided③努力做某事：workedtodo/managedtodo情绪类 ①惊讶地：insurprise/inshock②感谢：thanked/begratefulfor/appreciate【点睛】[高分句型1]Thetwoyoungmenwerehurryingacrossthestreet,onepushinganoldlawnmowerandtheothercarryingaweedeater.（运用了独立主格结构。）[高分句型2]Neverpassjudgmentonpeoplebecausetheydon’tlook,dress,orsoundlikeyou.（运用了连词because引导的原因状语从句。）