北京市西城区2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末试卷（Word版附解析）

北京市西城区2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语第Ⅰ卷(共80分)I.听力理解（共三节，30分）第一节:(共4小题;每小题2分，共8分)听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。1.WhatwilltheweatherbelikeonSaturday?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Cloudy.2.Howwillthemanexercise?A.Walk.B.Playfootball.C.Jog.3.WhatwillthespeakersdoonSundayafternoon?A.Makeanewpizza.B.Dosomegardening.C.Attendabook-launchevent.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Akindoffood.B.Acloserelative.C.Anewrestaurant.第二节:（共6小题；每小题2分，共12分）听下面三段对话，每段对话后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。听第5段材料，回答第5至第6小题。5.Whatwillthewomanbuyforherdaughter?A.Ahat.B.Aschoolbag.C.Asetofdishes.6.Whichfloorwillthewomangotofirst?A.Thesecondfloor.B.Thethirdfloor.C.Thesixthfloor.听第6段材料，回答第7至第8小题。7.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inthemountains.B.Attheairport.C.Onaplane.8.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthistrip?A.Sad.B.Nervous.C.Interested. 北京市西城区2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语第Ⅰ卷(共80分)I.听力理解（共三节，30分）第一节:(共4小题;每小题2分，共8分)听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。1.WhatwilltheweatherbelikeonSaturday?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Cloudy.2.Howwillthemanexercise?A.Walk.B.Playfootball.C.Jog.3.WhatwillthespeakersdoonSundayafternoon?A.Makeanewpizza.B.Dosomegardening.C.Attendabook-launchevent.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Akindoffood.B.Acloserelative.C.Anewrestaurant.第二节:（共6小题；每小题2分，共12分）听下面三段对话，每段对话后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。听第5段材料，回答第5至第6小题。5.Whatwillthewomanbuyforherdaughter?A.Ahat.B.Aschoolbag.C.Asetofdishes.6.Whichfloorwillthewomangotofirst?A.Thesecondfloor.B.Thethirdfloor.C.Thesixthfloor.听第6段材料，回答第7至第8小题。7.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inthemountains.B.Attheairport.C.Onaplane.8.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthistrip?A.Sad.B.Nervous.C.Interested. 听第7段材料，回答第9至第10小题。9.Whatistheman?A.Atravelagent.B.ATVhost.C.Amarketingmanager.10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thewoman’svolunteerexperiences.B.Thewoman’scareerplans.C.Thewoman’stravelstories.第三节：（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第11题至第15题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。HowtoImproveCommunicationwithYourParentsMaketimetohave11conversations.●Talktoyourparentsaboutyoureverydaylife.●12themtosharehowtheirdaywentorwhattheyareworkingon.●Callthematleastthreetimesaweekorvideochatfrequently.Beopenand13.●Ifanissueisimportanttoyou,bringitup.●Avoidgettingtrappedintheblamegame.●Allowtimeforthemtorespondandsharehowtheyfeel.Usesometechniquestofacilitatedifficultconversations.●Takea14.●Listentoyourparents’needsorwants.●Expressyour15.II.完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TheBelfastcommunitywasbusyhelpingadeafwomanfindherbeloveddog“Ruthie”thepastcoupleofdays.Ruthiewent____1____severaldaysagowhenshejumpedoutofthecarwearingherretractableleash(伸缩皮带).MarinaDelune,her____2____,postedonhercommunitywebsitethatsheneededhelplookingforherlost dog.Shethoughtonlyafewpeoplewould____3____.Soshewassurprisedwhenhelpstartedtopourin.“TheresponsethatIgotwasliterallyoverwhelming,”Marinasaid.“Itwasextraordinary.Icouldn’teven____4____alltheresponses.”AdoctornamedKimberlyMitchellheadedtoMarina’shousetohelpherout.Whenshepulledintothedriveway,shesensedthatRuthiewasjustnearby.Despitethecoldrain,Kimberly____5____theyard.Lateronsheexpandedher____6____totheneighbors’yards,but____7____cameupempty-handed.Itwasdarkbythetimesheroundedthecornerofaneighbor’shouseandsawasmallholeinthebottomoftheirdeck.Kimberlyusedhercellphoneflashlighttolookaroundinthedarkness.“Rightthereunderthedeck,I____8____herlittleface.Shewaslookingrightatme.”ItturnedoutRuthie’sleashwasstuck.Thehouse’sowner,CollinBrewsterCunning,crawledunderthedeckand____9____her.ThereunionofRuthieandMarinawasnothingbutemotional.MarinacriedandheldontoRuthieandhertworescuers.“Wewereinathree-way____10____withRuthieinthemiddle.Itwasabsolutelyamazing,”Kimberlysaid.1.A.racingB.missingC.cryingD.hunting2.A.doctorB.neighborC.ownerD.driver3.A.returnB.respondC.researchD.remember4.A.keepupwithB.putupwithC.comeupwithD.endupwith5.A.crossedB.checkedC.cleanedD.visited6.A.planB.serviceC.programD.search7.A.onceB.evenC.stillD.only8.A.sawB.hidC.coveredD.studied9.A.foundB.caughtC.freedD.located10.A.tieB.contestC.dealD.hug【答案】1.B2.C3.B4.A5.B6.D7.C8.A9.C10.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了贝尔法斯特社区的人们帮助一位聋哑妇女寻到她心爱的狗“露丝”的故事。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：露丝几天前失踪了，当时她戴着可伸缩的皮带从车里跳了出来。A.racing比赛；B.missing错过、失踪（的）；C.crying哭泣；D.hunting打猎。根据上文“TheBelfastcommunitywasbusyhelpingadeafwomanfindherbeloveddog“Ruthie”thepastcoupleofdays.(贝尔法斯特社区在过去的几天 里忙着帮助一位聋哑妇女寻找她心爱的狗“露丝”)”可知，露丝失踪了。故选B。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的主人玛丽娜·德鲁恩在她的社区网站上发帖说，她需要帮助寻找她丢失的狗。A.doctor医生；B.neighbor邻居；C.owner主人、所有者；D.driver司机。根据后文“sheneededhelplookingforherlostdog”可知，MarinaDelune是狗的主人，故选C。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她以为只有少数人会回应。A.return返回；B.respond回答、回应；C.research研究；D.remember记得。根据上文“postedonhercommunitywebsite”可知，此处指对帖子的回应。后文“alltheresponses”也是提示。故选B。【4题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我甚至跟不上所有回复。A.keepupwith跟上；B.putupwith忍受；C.comeupwith想出；D.endupwith结束。根据上文“TheresponsethatIgotwasliterallyoverwhelming(我得到的回应简直是压倒性的)”可知，帖子太多了，她跟不上速度，故选A。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管下着冷雨，金伯利还是检查了一下院子。A.crossed交叉；B.checked检查；C.cleaned清理；D.visited拜访。根据后文“theyard”指检查院子帮忙找狗。故选B。【6题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，她把搜索范围扩大到邻居的院子里，但仍然空手而归。A.plan计划；B.service服务；C.program项目；D.search搜索。根据后文“totheneighbors’yards”可知，她把搜索范围扩大到邻居的院子里了，故选D。【7题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：后来，她把搜索范围扩大到邻居的院子里，但仍然空手而归。A.once曾经；B.even甚至；C.still仍然；D.only仅仅。根据后文“cameupempty-handed”可知，扩大了搜索范围仍然空手而归。故选C。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在甲板下面，我看到了一张小脸。A.saw看见；B.hid隐藏；C.covered覆盖；D.studied学习。根据后文“herlittleface.Shewaslookingrightatme.”可知，指看到了狗的脸，故选A。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：房子的主人科林·布鲁斯特·康宁爬到甲板下，把她救了出来。A.found找到；B.caught抓住；C.freed释放；D.located定位。根据上文“ItturnedoutRuthie’sleashwasstuck.(结果 露丝的皮带卡住了)”可知，房子的主人把狗释放了出来，故选C。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们三个人拥抱在一起，露丝在中间。A.tie领带；B.contest比赛；C.deal交易；D.hug拥抱。结合上文“MarinacriedandheldontoRuthieandhertworescuers.(玛丽娜哭着抱住露丝和她的两个救援人员)”指三人拥抱在一起，狗在中间，故选D。III.阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AUsesofBananaPeels(皮)YouProbablyIgnoredSoothestheitchy(发痒的)insectbitesWiththegoodweatherapproaching,variousbugs,insectsandmosquitoesmultiply.Ifyouwanttorelievethestingorbiteoftheseinsectsnaturally,bananapeelcanhelpyou.Rubthered,inflamedbiteswiththeinsideofthebananapeel.Thebananapolysaccharides(多糖)infiltratetheskinandreducetheswell.________________Springthensummeriscoming,andthere’sonelittleannoyingthing:theflies.Tocatchthem,youcanmakeatrapmadeofnaturalingredients.Allyouwillneedisalargeyogurtcup,bananapeels,ahammerandanail.Makeholesatthebottomoftheyogurtcupwiththehammerandnail,placethebananapeelsinside,turnitover,andplaceitnearthefoodthatyouaretryingtoprotect.Flieswillgetintothesweetsmellintheholes,butthereisnowayoutoftheyogurtcup.CheapandsimpleteethwhiteningYoudon’thavetospendahugeamountofyoursalaryonaestheticdentistrytomakeyourteethwhiter.Simplyrubyourfreshly-brushedteethwiththeinsideofthebananapeeleverydayforabout2minutes.Salicylicacidinbananasgentlybleachesteeth,effectivelyeliminatingdirtwhichcausesdiscoloration.WaterpurificationThiseffectwasthemostsurprisingforus.TheSaoPauloResearchFoundation,ledbyGustavoR.Castro,testedthesuitabilityofbananapeelsforthetreatmentofwastewaterfromindustrialplants.Itturnedoutthatthebananapeeladsorbsheavymetalssuchasleadandcopperfromthewater.Erasestheinkstain(污点)Ifinkgetsonyourskin,itisdifficulttocleanitoff.Onlywithwaterandsoapisitalmostimpossibletomake yourhandsclean.Butthegoodnewsisthatthebananapeelisgoodforthat—rubthepatchesontheinsideofthepeelandseehowtheydisappear.11.Accordingtothepassage,inwhichofthefollowingsituationscanbananapeelsbeofsomehelp?A.Youaredisturbedbymosquitoesflyingnearby.B.Youarebittenbyabeeinthegarden.C.Youaresufferingfromatoothache.D.Yourcoatisstainedwithoil.12.Whichofthefollowingisthebestheadingforparagraph2?A.FacialmaskB.PainRelieverC.NaturalflytrapD.Reduceswrinkles13.Howcanbananapeelshelppurifywater?A.Byprotectingthewaterfrominsects.B.Byreducingsomechemicalelements.C.Byaddingsomenutritiontothewater.D.Byremovingthesmellofthewastewater.【答案】11.B12.C13.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了香蕉皮的用途。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Ifyouwanttorelievethestingorbiteoftheseinsectsnaturally,bananapeelcanhelpyou.Rubthered,inflamedbiteswiththeinsideofthebananapeel.Thebananapolysaccharides(多糖)infiltratetheskinandreducetheswell.(如果你想自然地减轻这些昆虫的叮咬，香蕉皮可以帮助你。用香蕉皮内侧摩擦红肿的咬痕。香蕉多糖能渗透皮肤，消肿。)”可推断，当你被蜜蜂蜇伤后，你可以用香蕉皮内侧摩擦红肿的咬痕，从而消肿。故选B。【12题详解】主旨大意题。空处为小标题，为本段的主要内容。根据下文“Springthensummeriscoming,andthere’sonelittleannoyingthing:theflies.Tocatchthem,youcanmakeatrapmadeofnaturalingredients.Allyouwillneedisalargeyogurtcup,bananapeels,ahammerandanail.Makeholesatthebottomoftheyogurtcupwiththehammerandnail,placethebananapeelsinside,turnitover,andplaceitnearthefoodthatyouaretryingtoprotect.Flieswillgetintothesweetsmellintheholes,butthereisnowayoutoftheyogurtcup.(春天和夏天都来了，有一件事很烦人：苍蝇。为了捕捉它们，你可以用天然原料做一个陷阱。你所需要的只是一个大酸奶杯、香蕉皮、一把锤 子和一颗钉子。用锤子和钉子在酸奶杯的底部打洞，把香蕉皮放进去，把它翻过来，放在你想要保护的食物附近。苍蝇会钻进香甜的洞里，却没有办法从酸奶杯里出来。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是我们可以用香蕉皮来制作一个陷阱用来捕捉苍蝇。选项C“Naturalflytrap(天然捕蝇器)”符合本段主要内容。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Itturnedoutthatthebananapeeladsorbsheavymetalssuchasleadandcopperfromthewater.(事实证明，香蕉皮可以吸附水中的铅和铜等重金属。)”可知，香蕉皮通过吸附水中的铅和铜等重金属来净化水。故选B。BSouthAfrica’svinicultureindustryemploysaround270,000people,producingsomeoftheworld’smostsought-afterwines.Butnotalljobsarebestlefttohumans.Insomecases,it’sbettertogetyourducksinarow,andthenputthemtowork.OutsideCapeTownonthebanksoftheEersteriver,VergenoegdLöw,theWineEstate,hasrepurposedacenturies-oldpracticebygatheringagroupofduckstokeepitsvineyardsfreeofpests.“Icallourducksthesoldiersofourvineyards,”saysmanagingdirectorCoriusVisser.“Theywilleataphids,theywilleatsnails,theywilleatsmallworms—theykeep(it)completelypest-free.”Thespecies,theIndianrunnerduck,isflightless,withapeculiarlyuprightstanceandhighlydevelopedsenseofsmell.Theducktroopsareemployedona14-daycircuitthroughthevineyards,eatingandfertilizingthegroundastheygo.Theducks’“annualleave”takesplaceduringtheharvest(they’deatthegrapes).Duringthistimetheysearchforfoodonopenfarmpasture,swiminanearbylakeandundergoselectivebreeding,saysVisser.Duckeggsareconsumedinthevineyardrestaurant,butnevertheducksthemselves—“thatwouldbelikeeatingacolleague,”GavinMoyes,theestate’stastingroommanager,saidina2020interview.InspiredbyducksusedtoremovepestsfromricepaddiesinAsia,thewinerycallsontheservicesofsome1,600ducksaspartofitsefforttomakewineproductionmoresustainable.“Theworldismovingawayfrommoreconventionalfarmingto(being)abitmoreorganic,”Visserexplains.“ForVergenoegd,it’sabiggoal…tohavelessinfluenceontheEarth,thesoilandtheenvironment.”Asapioneeringwinemakerwithindustryinfluence—vineshavebeengrownontheestatesincethelate17thcentury—VergenoegdLöwishopingtoconvinceotherstoadoptitsapproach.Vissersaysthevineyardplanstosell750duckstoothervineyardsandreplenishnumbersbybreedingthebirds.“Ithinktheindustryitselfhasthepotentialtoengagemoreinexperimentalways,”headds.Thatrequiresmoney,andincreasingthepricepointofSouthAfricanwinescouldhelpfundVergenoegdLöwandother vineyards’greeninitiatives.“Ifwecanachievethat,wecanthenputbacksomeofthat(income)intoourpeople,intoourland,andbecomemoresustainable,”Vissersays.14.What’sthefunctionoftheducksinthevineyards?A.Tokeepthevineyardsfreeofpests.B.Toguardthevineyardsfromthieves.C.Tomakethevineyardsmoreattractive.D.Toprovideeggsandmeatforthevineyardrestaurant.15.Accordingtothepassage,theducksinthevineyards______.A.helpharvestthegrapesB.haveasharpsenseoftasteC.flyaroundthevineyardfreelyD.leavethevineyardatacertaintime16.BasedonwhatVissersaid,whichofthefollowingmighthappen?A.Morevineyardswillhaveduck“soldiers”.B.ThepricepointofSouthAfricanwineswillfall.C.Thevineyardswilldependmoreonconventionalfarming.DThewinerywillcomeupwithmorewaystoexperimentonducks.17.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribethevineyard’sapproachofusingducks?A.Efficient.B.Advanced.C.Challenging.D.Green.【答案】14.A15.D16.A17.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一个葡萄酒庄园利用鸭子来使葡萄园远离害虫。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“OutsideCapeTownonthebanksoftheEersteriver,VergenoegdLöw,theWineEstate,hasrepurposedacenturies-oldpracticebygatheringagroupofduckstokeepitsvineyardsfreeofpests.(在开普敦郊外的埃尔斯特河畔，VergenoegdLöw葡萄酒庄园重新利用了一个有几百年历史的做法，养了一群鸭子，让葡萄园免受害虫的侵害)”可知，葡萄园里的鸭子可以使葡萄园远离害虫。故选A。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Theducks’“annualleave”takesplaceduringtheharvest(they’deatthegrapes).(鸭子的“年假”发生在收获季节（它们会吃葡萄）)”可知，葡萄园里的鸭子在特定的时间离开葡萄园。故选D。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Vissersaysthevineyardplanstosell750duckstoothervineyardsandreplenish numbersbybreedingthebirds.(Visser说，葡萄园计划向其他葡萄园出售750只鸭子，并通过繁殖鸟类来补充数量)”可知，更多的葡萄园将会有鸭子“士兵”。故选A。【17题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Ifwecanachievethat,wecanthenputbacksomeofthat(income)intoourpeople,intoourland,andbecomemoresustainable,”Vissersays.(Visser说：“如果我们能做到这一点，我们就可以把一部分（收入）投入到我们的人民和土地上，变得更加可持续。”)”可推知，葡萄园使用鸭子的方法绿色环保。故选D。CThisweekIwatchedaninternationalnewsprogramandsawwhatlookedlikemostoftheplanet—theAmericas,Africa,Europe,Asia—paintedinbrightorangesandreds.Fahrenheit(华氏温度的)temperaturesinthree-digitnumbersseemedtoburnalloverontheworldmap.Heatrecordshaveburstaroundtheglobe.Thisveryweekend,cropsareburning,roadsarebendingandseasarerising,whilelakesrecede,orevendisappear.Icesheetsmeltinrisingheat,andwildfiresattackforests.Peoplearedyinginthisheat.Livesofallkindsarethreatened,incities,fields,seas,desertsandforests.Wildlife,farmanimals,insectsandhumanbeingsareinpain.TheUN’sWorldMeteorologicalOrganization(WMO)saysthereismoredeadlyheatinourfuturebecauseofclimatechangecausedbyourspeciesonthisplanet.Evenwithadvancesinwind,solarandotheralternativeenergysources,andinternationalpromisesandagreements,theworldstillderivesabout80%ofitsenergyfromfossilfuels,likeoil,gasandcoal,whichreleasethecarbondioxidethat’swarmedtheclimatetothecurrenttemperaturesofthishotsummer.TheWMO’schief,PetteriTaalas,saidthisweek,“Inthefuturethesekindsofheatwavesaregoingtobenormal.”Themostalarmingwordinhisforecastmightbe:“normal.”I’mofagenerationthatthoughtofsummerasasunnytimeforchildren.Ithinkoflongdaysspentoutdoorswithoutworry,playinggamesorjustwandering.JohnUpdikewroteinhispoem,“June”:ThesunisrichAndgladlypaysIngoldenhours,Silverdays,AndlonggreenweeksThatneverend.School’sout.Thetime Isourstospend.There’sLittleLeagueHopscotch,thecreek,And,aftersupper,Hide-and-seek.Thelive-longlightIslikeadream...Butnowthatbright,“live-longlight,”ofwhichUpdikewrote,mightlookthreateninginasummerlikethis.Theextremelyhotweeksthatweseethisyearcauseonetowonderifourfailurestocarefortheplanetgiventouswillmakeourchildrenlookforwardtosummer,orfearanotherseasonofheat.18.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“derive”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Get.B.Reduce.C.Waste.D.Save.19.AccordingtoWMO,______.A.alternativeenergyisthesolutiontoclimatechangeB.theheatwavesarecausedbytheadvancedtechnologyC.agreementsneedtobesignedtodealwithclimatechangeD.useoftraditionalenergyisresponsiblefortheheatwaves20.WhydoestheauthormentionJohnUpdike’spoem?A.Todescribethebeautyofsummer.B.Toindicatetheendofhappysummers.C.Tocomparedifferentfeelingsaboutsummer.D.Tosuggestwaysforchildrentospendsummer.21.Whichmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhatleadstoahotsummerB.ChildrenareafraidofsummerC.BurningsummersarethefutureD.Howwecansurviveahotsummer【答案】18.A19.D20.B21.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了全球各地的高温记录不断刷新，解释了背后的原因以及对未来夏季的担忧。【18题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“about80%ofitsenergyfromfossilfuels,likeoil,gasandcoal,whichreleasethecarbondioxidethat’swarmedtheclimatetothecurrenttemperaturesofthishotsummer”可知，世界获得的大约80%的能源来自化石燃料，如石油、天然气和煤炭，这些燃料释放的二氧化碳使气候变暖，导致今年炎热的夏天气温上升。故划线词意思是“得到”。故选A。【19题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Evenwithadvancesinwind,solarandotheralternativeenergysources,andinternationalpromisesandagreements,theworldstillderivesabout80%ofitsenergyfromfossilfuels,likeoil,gasandcoal,whichreleasethecarbondioxidethat’swarmedtheclimatetothecurrenttemperaturesofthishotsummer.TheWMO’schief,PetteriTaalas,saidthisweek,“Inthefuturethesekindsofheatwavesaregoingtobenormal.”(即使有了风能、太阳能和其他替代能源的进步，以及国际承诺和协议，世界上仍然有大约80%的能源来自化石燃料，如石油、天然气和煤炭，这些燃料释放的二氧化碳使气候变暖，导致今年炎热的夏天气温上升。世界气象组织总干事PetteriTaalas本周表示：“在未来，这种热浪将成为常态。”)”可知，根据世界气象组织，传统能源的使用是造成热浪的原因。故选D。【20题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theextremelyhotweeksthatweseethisyearcauseonetowonderifourfailurestocarefortheplanetgiventouswillmakeourchildrenlookforwardtosummer,orfearanotherseasonofheat.(我们今年看到的极端炎热的几周让人怀疑，如果我们没有照顾好我们所拥有的地球，我们的孩子们是否会期待夏天，或者害怕另一个炎热的季节)”可推知，作者提到了约翰·厄普代克的诗是为了表示快乐夏天的结束。故选B。【21题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段“Heatrecordshaveburstaroundtheglobe.Thisveryweekend,cropsareburning,roadsarebendingandseasarerising,whilelakesrecede,orevendisappear.Icesheetsmeltinrisingheat,andwildfiresattackforests.Peoplearedyinginthisheat.Livesofallkindsarethreatened,incities,fields,seas,desertsandforests.Wildlife,farmanimals,insectsandhumanbeingsareinpain.(全球各地的高温记录不断刷新。就在这个周末，庄稼在燃烧，道路在弯曲，海平面在上升，而湖泊在退缩，甚至消失。冰盖在升温中融化，野火袭击森林。人们在这样的高温中死去。在城市、田野、海洋、沙漠和森林里，所有种类的生命都受到威胁。野生动物、农场动物、昆虫和人类都在痛苦之中)”可知，文章主要说明了全球各地的高温记录不断刷新，解释了背后的原因以及对未来夏季的担忧。可知，C选项“灼热的夏天是未来”最符合文章标题。故选C。DCornellUniversityresearchershavedevelopedasilent-speechrecognitioninterfacethatusesacoustic-sensing (声学传感)andartificialintelligencetocontinuouslyrecognizeupto31unvocalizedcommands,basedonlipandmouthmovements.Thelow-power,wearableeyewear—calledEchoSpeech—requiresjustafewminutesofusertrainingdatabeforeitwillrecognizecommandsandcanberunonasmartphone.RuidongZhang,doctoralstudentofinformationscience,istheleadauthorof“EchoSpeech—ContinuousSilentSpeechRecognitiononMinimally-obtrusiveEyewearPoweredbyAcousticSensing,”whichwillbepresentedattheAssociationforComputingMachineryConferenceonHumanFactorsinComputingSystems(CHI)thismonthinHamburg,Germany.“Forpeoplewhocannotvocalizesoundthissilentspeechtechnologycouldbeanexcellentinputforavoicesynthesizer.Itcouldgivepatientstheirvoicesback,”Zhangsaidofthetechnology’spotentialusewithfurtherdevelopment.Initspresentform,EchoSpeechcouldbeusedtocommunicatewithothersviasmartphoneinplaceswherespeechisinconvenientorinappropriate,likeanoisyrestaurantorquietlibrary.Thesilentspeecheyewearcanalsobepairedwithastylus(触控笔)andusedwithdesignsoftwarelikeCAD,allbuterasingtheneedforakeyboardandamouse.Outfittedwithapairofmicrophonesandspeakerssmallerthanpencilerasers,theEchoSpeechbecomeawearableAI-poweredsonar(声呐)system,sendingandreceivingsoundwavesacrossthefaceandsensingmouthmovements.Adeeplearningalgorithm(算法)thenanalyzestheseechoprofilesinrealtime,withabout95%accuracy.“We’removingsonarontothebody,”saidChengZhang,assistantprofessorofinformationscienceanddirectorofCornell’sSmartComputerInterfacesforFutureInteractions(SciFi)Lab.“We’reveryexcitedaboutthissystem,”hesaid,“becauseitreallypushesthefieldforwardonperformanceandprivacy.It’ssmall,low-powerandprivacy-sensitive,whichareallimportantfeaturesforusingnew,wearabletechnologiesintherealworld.”Mosttechnologyinsilent-speechrecognitionislimitedtoaselectsetofpredeterminedcommandsandrequirestheusertofaceorwearacamera,whichisneitherpracticalnorachievable,ChengZhangsaid.Therealsoaremajorprivacyconcernsinvolvingwearablecameras—forboththeuserandthosewithwhomtheuserinteracts,hesaid.Acoustic-sensingtechnologylikeEchoSpeechremovestheneedforwearablevideocameras.Andbecauseaudiodataismuchsmallerthanimageorvideodata,itrequireslessbandwidthtoprocessandcanberelayedtoasmartphoneviaBluetoothinrealtime,saidFrançoisGuimbretière,professorininformationscience.“Andbecausethedataisprocessedlocallyonyoursmartphoneinsteadofuploadedtothecloud,”hesaid,“privacy-sensitiveinformationneverleavesyourcontrol.” 22.WhatdoweknowaboutEchoSpeech?A.Itrecognizesdifferentbodymovements.B.Ithasthepotentialtohelpgeneratevoices.C.Itdoesn’tneedtobeinstructedaboutitsuser.D.Itneedstobeusedwithakeyboardandamouse.23.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.WhatEchoSpeechlookslike.B.Howthealgorithmismadeaccurate.C.WhatthemechanismofEchoSpeechis.D.Howthealgorithmanalyzesechoprofiles.24.HowisEchoSpeechdifferentfromothersilent-speechrecognitionsystems?A.Itbetterprotectsusers’privacy.B.Itisfittedwithasmallervideocamera.C.Itisbasedonpredeterminedcommands.D.ItsendsimagesandvideosviaBluetooth.25.RegardingthefeaturesofEchoSpeech,FrançoisGuimbretièreis______.A.doubtfulB.criticalC.sympatheticD.unconcerned【答案】22.B23.C24.A25.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了EchoSpeech这种设备只需几分钟的用户训练数据，它就能识别指令，并能在智能手机上运行。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Forpeoplewhocannotvocalizesound,thissilentspeechtechnologycouldbeanexcellentinputforavoicesynthesizer.Itcouldgivepatientstheirvoicesback(对于不能发声的人来说，这种无声的语音技术可能是语音合成器的一个很好的输入。它可以让病人恢复声音)”可知，EchoSpeech有帮助产生声音的潜力。故选B。【23题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Outfittedwithapairofmicrophonesandspeakerssmallerthanpencilerasers,theEchoSpeechbecomeawearableAI-poweredsonar(声呐)system,sendingandreceivingsoundwavesacrossthefaceandsensingmouthmovements.Adeeplearningalgorithm(算法)thenanalyzestheseechoprofilesinrealtime,withabout95%accuracy.(EchoSpeech配备了一对麦克风和比铅笔橡皮还小的扬声器，成为一种可穿戴的人工智能声纳系统，通过面部发送和接收声波，并感知口腔运动。然后，深度学习算法实时分析这些回波剖面，准确率约为95%)”可知，第四段主要讲的是EchoSpeech的机制是什么。故选C。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“It’ssmall,low-powerandprivacy-sensitive,whichareallimportantfeaturesforusingnew,wearabletechnologiesintherealworld.(它体积小，功耗低，对隐私敏感，这些都是在现实世界中使用新的可穿戴技术的重要特征)”可知，EchoSpeech与其他无声语音识别系统的不同在于它能更好地保 护用户隐私。故选A。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Andbecauseaudiodataismuchsmallerthanimageorvideodata,itrequireslessbandwidthtoprocessandcanberelayedtoasmartphoneviaBluetoothinrealtime,saidFrançoisGuimbretière,professorininformationscience.“Andbecausethedataisprocessedlocallyonyoursmartphoneinsteadofuploadedtothecloud,”hesaid,“privacy-sensitiveinformationneverleavesyourcontrol.”(信息科学教授FrançoisGuimbretière表示，由于音频数据比图像或视频数据小得多，因此需要更少的带宽来处理，并且可以通过蓝牙实时传输到智能手机。“而且因为数据是在你的智能手机上本地处理的，而不是上传到云端，”他说，“隐私敏感信息永远不会离开你的控制。”)”可推知，FrançoisGuimbretière持支持态度，故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wanttomakepeoplelaugh?_____26_____Hereareafewtipstokeepinmindifyourgoalistoticklesomefunnybones.Consideryouraudience.Youraudience,whetherit’syourparentsinyourlivingroomorapayingcrowdatanauditorium,mustbeabletoconnectwithanysituationyoudescribeinyourjokes.Iftheycan’trelatetothejoke,oriftheydon’tcompletelyunderstandit,thenit’ssimplynotfunnytothem._____27_____Ifyouhavetoexplainajoketosomeone,thepersonmighteventuallyunderstandit,butheorsheprobablywon’tthinkit’sfunny.Thisisthereasonthatmanyjokesdon’ttranslatewellintoanotherlanguage.Theyrelyonanunderstandingofaparticularculture.Youcantranslatethewordsbut,withoutanappreciationforthebackground,manytranslatedjokesaren’tveryfunny._____28_____There’sareasonthatpeoplesay,“Stopmeifyou’veheardthisone”beforetellingajoke.Ifyouraudiencealreadyknows(orcanguess)theendofajokebeforeyoutellit,thenit’snotgoingtomakethemlaugh.Peoplelaughattheendofajokebecausethey’vebeentoldastoryandledtowarditsending,(unconsciously)thinkingaboutwhatwillhappennextorhowitwillend._____29_____Surpriseispartofthereasonthatyouwanttolearntotelljokeswithoutlaughing.Ifyoulaugh,thenyourlistenersexpectyoutosaysomethingfunny.Ifyoutellajokewithoutlaughingorsmiling,thenthey’remoresurprisedwhenyougettothefunnypart.Checkyourtiming.Anotherimportantpartofhumoristiming,ordeliveringthepunchlineatthebestpossiblemoment._____30_____Thereasonisthatthisbuildstension.Thelistenerknowstheendiscomingandiswaitingforit.Whenyoufinallytellthepunchline,thelistenerfeelsasenseofreliefandismoreandinclinedtolaugh. A.Usesurprise.B.Chooseyourjokes.C.Thenyou’vegottoknowwhat’sfunny.D.Makesureyourjokesareoftentoldwithinlimitedtime.E.It’softenusefultopausebeforetellingthelastlineofajoke.F.Whenwehearsomethingthatwasn’twhatwewereexpecting,wefinditfunny.G.Peoplelovejokesthat,basedontheirexperience,makethemsay,“That’ssotrue!”【答案】26.C27.G28.A29.F30.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些讲笑话的技巧。【26题详解】根据上文“Wanttomakepeoplelaugh?(想让别人笑吗？)”以及后文“Hereareafewtipstokeepinmindifyourgoalistoticklesomefunnybones.(如果你的目标是逗乐一些有趣的人，这里有一些建议要记住)”可知，本句回答上文让别人笑的问题：那你得知道什么好笑。故C选项“那你得知道什么好笑”符合语境，故选C。【27题详解】根据上文“Iftheycan’trelatetothejoke,oriftheydon’tcompletelyunderstandit,thenit’ssimplynotfunnytothem.(如果他们无法与这个笑话联系起来，或者他们不能完全理解这个笑话，那么这个笑话对他们来说就一点也不好笑)”可知，上文提到了人们要和笑话联系起来才会觉得好笑，本句旨在说明具体表现：让他们说：“这太对（有意思）了！”，故G选项“人们喜欢这样的笑话，根据他们的经验，让他们说:“这太对（有意思）了！””符合语境，故选G。【28题详解】根据后文“Ifyouraudiencealreadyknows(orcanguess)theendofajokebeforeyoutellit,thenit’snotgoingtomakethemlaugh.(如果你的听众在你讲笑话之前就已经知道（或能猜到）一个笑话的结尾，那么这个笑话就不会让他们发笑)”可知，本段的主旨是讲笑话要出其不意，使用惊喜。故A选项“使用惊喜”符合语境，故选A。【29题详解】根据上文“Ifyouraudiencealreadyknows(orcanguess)theendofajokebeforeyoutellit,thenit’snotgoingtomakethemlaugh.(如果你的听众在你讲笑话之前就已经知道（或能猜到）一个笑话的结尾，那么这个笑话就不会让他们发笑)”以及后文“Surpriseispartofthereasonthatyouwanttolearntotelljokeswithoutlaughing.Ifyoulaugh,thenyourlistenersexpectyoutosaysomethingfunny.Ifyoutellajokewithoutlaughingor smiling,thenthey’remoresurprisedwhenyougettothefunnypart.(惊喜是你想学会不笑着讲笑话的部分原因。如果你笑了，那么你的听众希望你说一些有趣的话。如果你讲笑话时没有大笑或微笑，那么当你讲到有趣的部分时，他们会更惊讶)”可知，本句旨在说明人们听到结局意外的笑话会笑，即觉得有趣，故F选项“当我们听到一些出乎意料的事情时，我们觉得很有趣”符合语境，故选F。【30题详解】根据后文“Thereasonisthatthisbuildstension.Thelistenerknowstheendiscomingandiswaitingforit.Whenyoufinallytellthepunchline,thelistenerfeelsasenseofreliefandismoreandinclinedtolaugh.(原因是这会制造紧张感。听者知道你的笑话即将讲完，并在等待它。当你终于说出笑点的时候，听者会有一种轻松的感觉，并且更倾向于笑)”可知，本句是在说明如何制造紧张感，故E选项“在讲笑话的最后一句之前停顿一下通常是有用的”符合语境，故选E。第Ⅱ卷（共60分）I.选词填空（共7小题；每小题2分，共14分）用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。adjustment,faith,capable,judge,impress,logic,comfort31.Thefilm’sspecialeffectsareparticularly________.32.Ihavebeena(n)________readerofyourmagazineformanyyears.33.Thematerialsaresoftand________towear.34.Ittookafewsecondsforhereyesto________tothedarkness.35Animalsinthezoohavelostthe________tocatchfoodforthemselves.36.Computerprogrammingneedssomeonewitha(n)________mind.37.Don’tletyour_______becolouredbypersonalfeelings.【答案】31.impressive32.faithful33.comfortable34.adjust35.capability36.logical37.judgement【解析】【31题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这部电影的特效特别令人印象深刻。结合句意“令人印象深刻”可知应填impress对应的形容词impressive，作表语。故选impressive。【32题详解】考查形容词。句意：多年来，我一直是贵杂志的忠实读者。结合句意“忠实的”可知应填faith对应的形容词faithful，作定语修饰名词reader。故选faithful。【33题详解】考查形容词。句意：材料柔软，穿着舒适。结合句意“舒适”可知应填comfort对应的形容词comfortable，作表语，主语+be+adj.+todo是固定句型。故选comfortable。【34题详解】考查动词。句意：她的眼睛过了几秒钟才适应黑暗。结合句意“适应”可知应填adjustment对应的动词adjust，此处为ittakes/tooksometimetodosth.，故空处填动词原形。故选adjust。【35题详解】考查名词。句意：动物园里的动物已经失去了为自己捕捉食物的能力。结合句意“能力”可知应填capable对应的名词capability，作宾语，不可数。故选capability。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：计算机编程需要有逻辑思维的人。结合句意“逻辑”可知应填logic对应的形容词logical，作定语修饰名词mind。故选logical。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：不要让你的判断受到个人感情的影响。结合句意“判断”可知应填judge对应的名词judgement，作宾语，不可数。故选judgement。II.语法填空（共14小题；每小题1分，共14分）在未给提示词的空白处填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。A38.Theplanisdesignedtomotivateemployeestoworkmore________(efficient).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】efficiently【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：该计划旨在激励员工更有效地工作。空处修饰动词work，需用副词efficiently，作状语。故填efficiently。39.Theirflight_______(delay)duetobadweatheryesterdayafternoon.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】wasdelayed 【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意：由于昨天下午天气不好，他们的航班被推迟了。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合后文yesterdayafternoon可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为flight，谓语用单数。故填wasdelayed。40._______(surround)bytrees,thehousewasinvisiblefromtheroad.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Surrounded【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：房子被树木环绕，从路上看不见。句中已有谓语动词was，分析句子结构可知surround与逻辑主语house构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Surrounded。41.WhenAnnagotdownstairs,sherealizedthatshe_______(leave)hercarkeysinheroffice.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】hadleft【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：当安娜下楼时，她意识到她把车钥匙忘在办公室了。根据句意，设空处在宾语从句中作谓语，“留”这个动作动作发生在主句动作realized之前，应用过去完成时，故填hadleft。42.Everytimethedancer_______(stand)onthestage,sheisatherbest.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】stands【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：每次舞蹈演员站在舞台上，她都处于最佳状态。此处在everytime引导的状语从句中作谓语，描述习惯性动作，应用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词stand应用三单形式，故填stands。43.Consideringtheactualneedsofthestudents,theschoolcanteenisopentostudents______weekends.(用适当的词填空)【答案】on【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：考虑到学生的实际需要，学校食堂在周末对学生开放。表示“在周末”短语为onweekends，故填on。44.Giventhefastpaceofthejobmarketnow,21stcenturyemployeesarefacedwithchallenges_______theirparentsneverexperienced.(用适当的词填空)【答案】that##which 【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：鉴于现在就业市场的快节奏，21世纪的员工面临着他们的父辈从未经历过的挑战。此处为限制性定语从句修饰先行词challenges，在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that/which引导句子，故填that/which。45.I_______(try)toqualifyfortheswimmingteamforthreeyears,butIstillcan’tquitemakethecut.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】havebeentrying【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：三年来我一直在努力获得游泳队的资格，但我仍然没有完全通过。根据后文orthreeyears,butIstillcan’tquitemakethecut.可知表示动作从某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，并且仍然要继续下去，应用现在完成进行时。故填havebeentrying。B语法填空MyfamilyandIwentonaholidaylastyeartovisitsomedistant____46____(relative)Ihadnevermetbefore.Theylivedin____47____flatinNewYorkinthecitycenter.Itwas____48____(excite)tovisitthemandtheywereveryfriendlyandwelcoming!Theytookussightseeingandwewenttoalotofplaces.TheoneproblemIhadwassleepingatnight.Theyliveonthegroundflooroftheirbuilding____49____Icouldhearallthesoundsofthecity.Duringthenight,lorriescame____50____(collect)rubbishandtheykeptmeawake.They_____51_____(visit)usinLondonnextyearandIcan’twaittoshowthemaround.【答案】46.relatives47.a48.exciting49.so50.tocollect51.aregoingtovisit【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和家人去拜访远亲的事情。【46题详解】考查名词的数。句意：去年，我和家人去度假，拜访了一些以前从未见过的远亲。relative作宾语，由some修饰应用复数形式。故填relatives。【47题详解】考查冠词。句意：他们住在纽约市中心的一套公寓里。flat为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。【48题详解】 考查形容词。句意：拜访他们是令人兴奋的，他们非常友好和热情！作表语，应用-ing结尾形容词exciting说明事物的特征。故填exciting。【49题详解】考查连词。句意：他们住在一楼，所以我可以听到城市的所有声音。结合前后文语境可知为因果关系，应用连词so。故填so。【50题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：夜里，卡车来收垃圾，弄得我睡不着觉。短语cometodosth.表示“来做某事”。故填tocollect。【51题详解】考查时态。句意：他们明年要来伦敦看我们，我迫不及待地想带他们四处看看。根据后文nextyear并根据句意可知，表示按照计划打算要做的事情，用begoingto结构，故填aregoingtovisit。III.书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第67、68题各2分，第69题3分，第70题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Withtheidealtimeforharvestingfreshtealeavesapproaching,localscelebratedthebeginningofthetea-pickingseasonwithaspiritedceremonyheldatJingmaiMountaininYunnanprovince.Thisannualevent,whichtakesplacetowardstheendofMarch,isatraditionamonglocalminorities.Havingbeenaroundforcenturies,itisaperfectopportunitytoshowrespectfortheteaforestbeforeharvestingthegiftsofnature.JingmaiMountain,renownedforitsthickforestsofancientteatrees,hasbeenanessentialpartofthelocals’livesforcenturies.Peopletheremaintainanancientmethodofteacultivationfeaturingauniquemulti-layered(层)ecosystem,whichisregardedasthekeytomaintainingharmonybetweenhumansandnature.Thevillagehasbeenlocatedhalfwayupthemountain,closetotheteaforestinthemiddleofthemountain,whilefarmlandisinlowerareaswithabundantwatersources,whichcanavoiddisturbancetoteaforestsduringplanting.Theancientteaforestsarenowrefreshingastheyoungergenerationsareintroducingnewideasaimedatbetterdevelopingtheteaindustryinthisarea.XianGong,39,startedafarmers’cooperativein2010inJingmaivillage.Overtime,sheexpandedtheinitiativebydevelopingitintoacompanyintegratingthecooperative,ateafactory,ahostelandashopunderoneroof.Today,theteagardenscoveranareaofmorethan600hectaresandgenerateanannualoutputofmorethan200tons,helpingnearly500householdsincreasetheirincomes.Agrowingnumberofvillagersareembracingnewbusinessopportunitiesbyestablishingcooperatives,teafactoriesandhomestays.Manyhaveadaptedtothelatesttrends,suchassellingteathroughlivestreamingand sharingdetailsoftheirdailylivesandworkonsocialmediaplatforms.Therecentboominthemodernteaindustryhasmotivatedtheresidentstotakebettercareoftheirancientteaforests.Inadditiontotheireffortstoresistusingchemicalsandavoidplantingothercropsintheteaforests,thelocalgovernmenthasappliedover20rulesandregulationsfortheprotectionofpreciousancientteaforests.Theyholdastrongbeliefthattheteamountainisthemostvaluablegiftleftbytheirancestorsanditistheirdueresponsibilitytoprotectandmakegooduseofit.52.Whydothelocalscelebratethebeginningofthetea-pickingseason?__________________________________________________________________________________53.Whatisthekeyfeatureoftheancientmethodofteacultivation?__________________________________________________________________________________54.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,andthenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Itisonlyduetotheeffortsmadebythelocalresidentsthattheancientteaforestshavebeenprotected.__________________________________________________________________________________55.Giveanotherexamplewhichmirrorshuman-natureharmony.__________________________________________________________________________________【答案】52.Becauseitisaperfectopportunitytoshowrespectfortheteaforestbeforeharvestingthegiftsofnature.53.Thismethodofteacultivationfeaturesauniquemulti-layeredecosystem.54.Itisonlyduetotheeffortsmadebythelocalresidentsthattheancientteaforestshavebeenprotected.Itisbecauseoftherecentboominthemodernteaindustry.55.Oneexamplethatmirrorstheharmonybetweenhumansandnatureissustainablefarmingpractices.Sustainablefarmingaimstominimizethenegativeimpactontheenvironmentwhilemaximizingtheproductivityofagriculturalactivities.【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了随着采摘新鲜茶叶的理想时间的临近，当地人在云南省的景麦山举行了一场热烈的仪式来庆祝采茶季节的开始。文章介绍了当地茶叶种植的历史以及发展情况。【52题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段“Havingbeenaroundforcenturies,itisaperfectopportunitytoshowrespectfortheteaforestbeforeharvestingthegiftsofnature.(茶林已经存在了几个世纪，在收获大自然的礼物之前，这是一个表达对茶林的尊重的绝佳机会)” 可知，当地人庆祝采茶季节的开始是因为这是一个表达对茶林的尊重的绝佳机会。故答案为Becauseitisaperfectopportunitytoshowrespectfortheteaforestbeforeharvestingthegiftsofnature.【53题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段“Peopletheremaintainanancientmethodofteacultivationfeaturingauniquemulti-layered(层)ecosystem,whichisregardedasthekeytomaintainingharmonybetweenhumansandnature.(那里的人们保持着一种古老的茶叶种植方法，这种方法具有独特的多层生态系统，被认为是维持人与自然和谐相处的关键)”可知，古代茶叶种植方法的主要特点是具有独特的多层生态系统。故答案为Thismethodofteacultivationfeaturesauniquemulti-layeredecosystem.【54题详解】考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Therecentboominthemodernteaindustryhasmotivatedtheresidentstotakebettercareoftheirancientteaforests.(近年来现代茶业的蓬勃发展促使当地居民更好地保护他们的古老茶林)”可知，错误的部分是“duetotheeffortsmadebythelocalresidents”，真正的原因是近年来现代茶业的蓬勃发展。故答案为Itisonlyduetotheeffortsmadebythelocalresidentsthattheancientteaforestshavebeenprotected.Itisbecauseoftherecentboominthemodernteaindustry.【55题详解】考查开放题。根据“再举一个反映人与自然和谐的例子”可回答：反映人与自然和谐的一个例子是可持续农业实践。可持续农业旨在最大限度地减少对环境的负面影响，同时最大限度地提高农业活动的生产力。故答案为Oneexamplethatmirrorstheharmonybetweenhumansandnatureissustainablefarmingpractices.Sustainablefarmingaimstominimizethenegativeimpactontheenvironmentwhilemaximizingtheproductivityofagriculturalactivities.第二节（20分）56.英语课上，同学们在分享未来想从事的职业，请按照下列要求，写一个发言稿，介绍你的想法。内容如下：1、你希望未来从事什么职业？2、为什么你选择该职业？注意：词数100左右。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文Goodmorning,everyone,Today,pleaseallowmetodeliverabriefspeechonthecareerIwilltakeupinthefuture.Undoubtedly,Ihavegreatexpectationsforthefuturejobaseveryoneelsedoes.Mydreamcareeristobeatourguide.Sincemyearlyage,Ihavebeenadmiringtourguideswhotravelworldwide,enjoyingthespectacularscenery,appreciatingdifferentculturesandenrichingtheirlifeexperienceatthesametime.Besides,thiscareerisfinanciallyrewardingaswellsothatIcanliveawell-offlife.Additionally,Iwillhavemoreopportunitiestomeetpeoplefromallwalksoflife,whichisbothchallengingandinteresting.That’sall.Thankyouforlistening.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。英语课上，同学们在分享未来想从事的职业，请按照下列要求，写一个发言稿，介绍你的想法。【详解】1.词汇积累壮观的：spectacular→splendid欣赏：enjoy/appreciate→admire此外：additionally/besides→what’smore机会：opportunity→chance2.句式拓展变强调句原句：Sincemyearlyage,Ihavebeenadmiringtourguideswhotravelworldwide,enjoyingthespectacularscenery,appreciatingdifferentculturesandenrichingtheirlifeexperienceatthesametime.拓展句：ItissincemyearlyagethatIhavebeenadmiringtourguideswhotravelworldwide,enjoyingthespectacularscenery,appreciatingdifferentculturesandenrichingtheirlifeexperienceatthesametime.【点睛】[高分句型1]Sincemyearlyage,Ihavebeenadmiringtourguideswhotravelworldwide,enjoyingthespectacularscenery,appreciatingdifferentculturesandenrichingtheirlifeexperienceatthesametime.(运用了who引导定语从句)[高分句型2]Additionally,Iwillhavemoreopportunitiestomeetpeoplefromallwalksoflife,whichisbothchallengingandinteresting.(运用了which引导非限制性句)听力：1.B2.A3.C4.A5.B6.C7.C8.A9.B10.A11.meaningful12.Encourage13.honest14.break15.opinion