北京市西城区2021-2022学年高一英语下学期期末试卷（Word版附解析）

北京市西城区2021-2022学年度第二学期期末试卷高一英语本试卷共16页，共140分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第Ⅰ卷(共75分)Ⅰ.听力理解（共三节，22.5分）第一节:(共4小题;每小题1.5分，共6分)听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。1.Whenwillthespeakershavedinnertogether?A.OnWednesday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.2.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inahotel.C.Inastore.3.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Playtabletennis.B.Buyatabletennisbat.C.Bookatabletennisroom.4.Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Strange.B.Tired.C.Disappointed.第二节:（共6小题；每小题1.5分，共9分）听下面三段对话，每段对话后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。听第5段材料，回答第5至第6小题。5.Whatdoesthemanhavetodotoday?A.Seeadoctor.B.Haveameeting.C.Visitalawyer.6.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodofortheman?A.Signafewpapers.B.Makeanappointment.C.Answerhisphonecalls.听第6段材料，回答第7至第8小题。7.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Askingforadvice.B.Givinganintroduction.C.Conductinganinterview.8.Whendoesthemanbuyabookfromabookstore? A.Whenthebookisonsale.B.Whentherearenewfictionbooks.C.WhenthebookispopularontheInternet.听第7段材料，回答第9至第10小题。9.Howmanylecturesdoesthemanhavetoattendeveryweek?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Rulesoftheoffice.B.Noticeoftheexam.C.Courserequirements.第三节：（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第11题至第15题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。HowtoBeaGreenTravellerMakesureyourhomeis___11___efficient.●Turnoffallthe___12___●Unplugelectricaldevices___13___carefullyaboutyourmodeoftransport.●Takeatrainorboattoyourdestination●___14___whenyougosightseeingHelppreserveplacesofinterest.●Helpensurethelandmarksremainforgenerationstocome●Remindvisitorsoftheimportanceofsavingthe___15___worldⅡ.完形填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，共22.5分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AmaninCaliforniasurvivedafive-hournightswim,thankstothe____1____ofafriendlyseal.ScottThompson,aboaterfromSouthernCalifornia,wasoutonhisboat.Afterrealizingtheweatherwasn’tfavorable,heturnedtheboatbacktowardsland.Soonafter,something____2____happened.TheboatwasrockedbythewavywaterandScottgot____3____outoftheboat.Theenginescontinuedtorun,movingtheboatfartherandfartherawayfromhim,whichmadeit____4____toswimbacktoit.Hewatchedhisboat____5____inthemiddleoftheicySantaBarbaraChannel.Lostatsea,withnolandin____6____,Thompsonwassurethesewerehis____7____momentsonearth.However,thoughtsofhisfamilyhelpedhimfindthe____8____tosurvive.“Justkeep____9____,andyouwillget hometoyourfamily,”Thompsonkepttellinghimself.“Justimaginingmygirlsandmysongrowingupwithoutme,andmywifenothavingahusbandtosupporther,Icouldn’t_____10_____.Allofasudden,heheardabigsplash(拍水声).Itwasamedium-sizedharborsealthatThompsondescribedas“anangel”thatcametohelphim.“Thesealwouldcomeupand_____11_____me,likeadogcomesupandpushesyourleg.”Thompsonsaid.Itwasasenseof_____12_____,Thompsonrecalled,knowingthathewasn’taloneonthisheroicjourney.Beingpushedalongbytheseal,Thompsonfelt_____13_____toswimtothenearestoilplatform,whichwasfarbutcloserthanland.Withthe_____14_____oftheseal,heswamthroughthedark,freezingwaterforfivehours,untilhemanagedtoreachanoilplatform.Peopleaboardtheoilplatformofferedaid.TheyrushedhimtoahospitalwhereThompsonwastreatedandrecoveredafewdayslater.Whilethethoughtofhis_____15_____motivatedhimtokeepgoing,Thompsonsaidthathewouldnothaveenduredthroughthepainifithadn’tbeenforthesealswimmingalongsidehim.1.A.recognitionB.encouragementC.respectD.trust2.A.unexpectedB.commonC.confusingD.funny3.A.kickedB.lockedC.chasedD.knocked4.A.easyB.unnecessaryC.impossibleD.safe5.A.disappearB.stopC.groundD.sink6.A.spaceB.mindC.lineD.sight7.A.spareB.finalC.excitingD.private8.A.toolB.wayC.willD.skill9.A.swimmingB.callingC.watchingD.practicing10.A.breakinB.showupC.slowdownD.giveup11.A.greetB.pushC.liftD.take12A.dutyB.hopeC.curiosityD.wonder13.A.determinedB.satisfiedC.honoredD.amused14.A.taskB.costC.companyD.arrival15.A.petsB.friendsC.familyD.boat【答案】1.B2.A3.D4.C5.A6.D7.B8.C9.A10.D11.B12.B13.A14.C15.C【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在加州，一名船夫在夜间因为风浪从船上被甩到海里。多亏了一只友好的海豹的鼓励，他在黑暗、冰冷的水中游了5个小时后活了下来。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在加州，一名男子在夜间游泳5个小时后活了下来，多亏了一只友好的海豹的鼓励。A.recognition认出；B.encouragement鼓励；C.respect尊敬；D.trust相信。根据“Whilethethoughtofhis____15____motivatedhimtokeepgoing,Thompsonsaidthathewouldnothaveenduredthroughthepainifithadn’tbeenforthesealswimmingalongsidehim.”可知，因为海豹的鼓励，斯科特最终存活下来。故选B。【2题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不久之后，意想不到的事情发生了。A.unexpected意想不到的；B.common普通的；C.confusing使人困惑的；D.funny可笑的。根据“TheboatwasrockedbythewavywaterandScottgot____3____outoftheboat.”可知，发生了意想不到的事情。故选A。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：船被波浪摇晃着，斯科特被撞出了船。A.kicked踢；B.locked锁；C.chased追逐；D.knocked撞。根据“Theboatwasrockedbythewavywater”可知，斯科特被撞出了船。故选D。【4题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：引擎继续运转，船离他越来越远，所以他不可能游回去。A.easy容易的；B.unnecessary不必要的；C.impossible不可能的；D.safe安全的。根据“Theenginescontinuedtorun,movingtheboatfartherandfartherawayfromhim,”可知，船越来越远，所以斯科特不可能游回去。故选C。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看着他的船消失在冰冷的圣巴巴拉海峡中央。A.disappear消失；B.stop停止；C.ground使停飞；D.sink下沉。根据“Theenginescontinuedtorun,movingtheboatfartherandfartherawayfromhim,whichmadeit____4____toswimbacktoit.”可知，船越来越远，最终消失了。故选A。【6题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：汤普森迷失在海上，看不到陆地，他确信这是他在地球上的最后时刻。A.space空间；B.mind想法；C.line行；D.sight看见。根据“Lostatsea,”可知，汤普森在海中，所以看不见陆地。故选D。【7题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：汤普森迷失在海上，看不到陆地，他确信这是他在地球上的最后时刻。A.spare备用的；B.final最终的；C.exciting令人激动的；D.private私人的。根据“Lostatsea,withnolandin____6____,”可知，汤普森绝望了，确信这是他在地球上的最后时刻。故选B。 【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，对家人的思念帮助他找到了生存的意志。A.tool工具；B.way方法；C.will意志；D.skill技巧。根据““Justkeep____9____,andyouwillgethometoyourfamily,”Thompsonkepttellinghimself.“Justimaginingmygirlsandmysongrowingupwithoutme,andmywifenothavingahusbandtosupporther,Icouldn’t____10____.”可知，因为汤普森对家人的思念，让他找到了生存的意志。故选C。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“只要坚持游泳，你就能回到家人身边，”汤普森一直对自己说。A.swimming游泳；B.calling打电话；C.watching观看；D.practicing练习。根据“andyouwillgethometoyourfamily”可知，汤普森鼓励自己，只要坚持游泳，就能回到家人身边。故选A。【10题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：想象一下，我的女儿和儿子在没有我的情况下长大，我的妻子没有丈夫支持，我不能放弃。A.breakin闯入；B.showup出现；C.slowdown减速；D.giveup放弃。根据“Justimaginingmygirlsandmysongrowingupwithoutme,andmywifenothavingahusbandtosupporther,”可知，汤普森想到家人，知道自己不能放弃。故选D。【11题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：海豹会过来推我，就像狗过来推你的腿一样。A.greet打招呼；B.push推；C.lift提高；D.take带走。根据“likeadogcomesupandpushesyourleg.”和“Beingpushedalongbytheseal,”可知，海豹在海里推汤普森。故选B。【12题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：汤普森回忆说，那是一种希望，他知道自己在这段英勇的旅程中并不孤单。A.duty责任；B.hope希望；C.curiosity好奇；D.wonder奇迹。根据“Thompsonrecalled,knowingthathewasn’taloneonthisheroicjourney.”可知，因为海豹在海里时而不时地推汤普森，给了他希望。故选B。【13题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在海豹的推动下，汤普森下定决心游到最近的石油平台，那里远比陆地近。A.determined下定决心的；B.satisfied满意的；C.honored受尊敬的；D.amused愉快的。根据“whichwasfarbutcloserthanland.”可知，汤普森下定决心游到最近的石油平台。故选A。【14题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在海豹的陪伴下，他在黑暗、冰冷的水中游了5个小时，直到他设法到达一个石油平台。A.task任务；B.cost花费；C.company陪伴；D.arrival到达。根据“heswamthroughthedark,freezingwaterforfivehours,untilhemanagedtoreachanoilplatform.”可知，汤普森在海豹的陪伴下游了5个小时。故选C。 【15题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然想到家人的想法激励着他坚持下去，但汤普森说，如果没有这只海豹在他身边游泳，他是不会忍受这些痛苦的。A.pets宠物；B.friends朋友；C.family家人；D.boat船。根据“Justkeep____9____,andyouwillgethometoyourfamily,”可知，汤普森想到家人的想法和海豹的激励他活下去。故选C。Ⅲ.阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASummertime,i.e.vacationseason,isquicklyapproaching.AndwhetheryouridealgetawayisR&Ronthebeach,outdooradventuring,orexploringanewcity,itpaystoplan.I’dlovetogetaway.HowdoIsaveforavacation?You’renotalone.Onestudysays71%ofAmericansareplanningtotakeatripforleisurein2022.Andthey’replanningonspending29%morethantheydidpre-pandemicin2019.Butyoudon’thavetogobroke(身无分文)togetabreak.Beforeyouevenstartplanningyourtravel,here’showtomakethetripyou’vebeenwaitingforareality.●Makeasinkingfund.Thesefundsarewhereyousetasidemoneywithanintentiontospenditonabiggoal.●Timingiseverything.Researchthecheapestplacestogowhenthetemperaturerises,andplanaccordingly.You’llalsogetmorebangforyourbuckbycheckingoutdestinationswithafavorableexchangerate.Forsomewherefurthereast,yourdollarswillgofarinThailandorthePhilippines.●Booksmart.Rentingahomeisoftenabetterdealthanbookingahotel.Notonlywillyousaveonthepricetag,butyoucancookinsteadofeatingoutforeverymeal.HowdoIkeepsavingwhileI’monvacation?Truestory:traveldoesn’tfeellikereallife,soit’seasiertosplurge(挥霍).Andifyou’revisitingapopulartouristlocation,everythingcostsmore.Here’showtoseethesightswithoutlosingsightofyourbudget.●Setadailyspendinglimitandtrackwhatyoubuytoavoidoverdoingit.Usingcashoraprepaiddebitcardinsteadofacreditcardcanalsohelp.●Foodisamoneyvampire.Ifyouhaveaccesstoakitchenwhereyou’restaying,makebreakfast,packlunch,andcookdinnerwhenyoucan.Ifnot,hitupasupermarketorfarmer’smarketforaneasy,cheapbreakfast.Andwhenyoudoeatout,goforlunchorappetizers,wherethemenuitemstendtobelessexpensive.16.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmayhelpmakeyourdreamtripareality? A.Preparingenoughfastfood.B.Borrowingmoneyfromfriends.C.Researchingthecheapestplacestogo.D.Carryingcreditcardsfromdifferentbanks.17.Tokeepsavingwhileonvacation,you’dbetter________.A.gooutformealsB.avoidusingcashC.setadailyspendinglimitD.visitpopulartouristlocations18.What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tohelptravellerssavemoney.B.Toreportsomesurveyresults.C.Toadvertisesometouristattractions.D.Tocomparedifferenttravelplans.【答案】16.C17.C18.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是怎样为了假期而省钱和在度假的时候应该怎么省钱。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据●Timingiseverything.部分的“Researchthecheapestplacestogowhenthetemperaturerises,andplanaccordingly.(研究一下气温上升时最便宜的去处，并据此制定计划。)”可知，研究最便宜的地方可能帮助你实现梦想的旅行，故选C。【17题详解】细节理解题。根据HowdoIkeepsavingwhileI’monvacation?部分的“Setadailyspendinglimitandtrackwhatyoubuytoavoidoverdoingit.(设定每天的消费限额，并记录你购买的东西，以避免过度消费。)”可知，要想在度假时继续省钱，你最好设定每日消费限额。故选C。【18题详解】推理判断题。根据“I’dlovetogetaway.HowdoIsaveforavacation?(我想离开这里。如何为度假省钱？)”和“HowdoIkeepsavingwhileI’monvacation?(我如何在度假的时候继续省钱？)”可知，本文主要讲的是怎样为了假期而省钱和在度假的时候应该怎么省钱，因此目的是帮助旅行者省钱。故选A。BRhiannonMennisthefounderofLasagnaLove,aglobalnonprofitthatconnectsneighborsthroughhomemademealdelivery.InMarch2020,herSanDiegocommunityshutdownbecauseofthepandemic.Sheandherhusbandownadesignandbuildcompany,buttheirprojectswereputonhold.Rhiannonfelthelplessandwonderedwhatshecoulddotobeuseful.Itdidn’ttakeherlongtodecide.“Cookingismyhappyplace,”shesays.Sheorderedgroceriesonlineandgottowork.Sheandherdaughter,Cimorene,thenthree,madeextrapansoflasagna,andRhiannonpostedinalocalmoms’grouponFacebook,offeringtodropoffafreehome-cookedmealtoanyonewhowantedone.Somepeoplerequestedameal.Even morewantedtohelpRhiannonfeedthosewhowerestruggling.Rhiannoncreatedaspreadsheetforeachvolunteer,matchingthemwithfamilieswho’drequestedameal.Wordofwhatshewasdoingspreadquicklyonsocialmedia.“Bysummer,wehadmorethan100volunteerchefs,”shesays.Toomanyforonepersontotrack.Someoneofferedtocreateanonlineportal(门户网站)tomanagethevolunteersandmealrequests.ThisautomatedsystemfreedRhiannontodowhatshereallyloves:cookandreachpeopleinneed.ForRhiannon,lasagnaisthebestcomfortfood.Butit’saboutmorethanjustfood.“Ourvolunteersdeliverasenseofhopewiththemeal,”shesays.“Wewantpeopletoknowthatastrangercaredenoughaboutthemtomakethemameal.Kindnessiscontagious(传染性的),anditcantransformcommunities.”LasagnaLovecurrentlyhas25,000volunteers—orLasagnaChefs,asthey’recalled—acrosstheUnitedStates,CanadaandAustralia,whohavedeliveredmorethan150,000mealstofamiliesintheircommunities.“ThismovementhasgivenmepurposeinawayIdidn’thavebefore,”Rhiannonsays.Inherhome,cookingisafamilyevent.Cimorene,nowfive,hasgottengoodatlayeringthenoodles.Rhiannonalsohasathree-year-oldsonandan11-month-oldbabyboy.“Ilovethatmykidsarelearningtheimportanceofhelpingothers,”shesays.Volunteerchefslogintotheportalandinputhowmanymealsthey’dliketodeliverthatweek.Thesystemmatchesthemwithnearbyfamiliesrequestingamealandthevolunteertextsthefamilytosetupadeliverytime.Themealsaredroppedoffondoorstepsforcontact-freedelivery.TheorganizationiscalledLasagnaLove,butvolunteerscandeliveranyhome-cookedmealthey’dlike.Rhiannon’srecipeisherowntakeonlasagna,madehealthierwithgratedzucchiniandyellowsquash.“I’vesharedmyrecipe,butvolunteersarewelcometousetheirownrecipesforanydishesthey’dliketomake,”shesays.19.WhydidRhiannonstartLasagnaLove?A.Tohelpstrugglingneighbors.B.Tofightagainstthepandemic.C.Tohelptheirdesignandbuildcompany.D.Toimproveherneighbors’cookingskills.20.WhatcanweknowaboutthevolunteersinLasagnaLove?A.Theyaretrainedbyexperiencedchefs.B.Theydelivertheirownmealstopeopleinneed.C.Theysearchforfamiliesinneedbythemselves.D.TheyallfollowRhiannon’srecipetomakelasagna.21.WecaninferfromthepassagethatRhiannon________. A.hadnopurposeinlifebeforeB.istoobusytodelivermealsnowC.likespostinghermealsonsocialmediaD.hassetagoodexampleforherchildren22.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeRhiannon?A.Helpfulandhumorous.B.Honestandsuccessful.C.Kind-heartedandgenerous.D.Hardworkingandambitious.【答案】19.A20.B21.D22.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是RhiannonMenn建立了名为LasagnaLove的全球非营利组织，旨在给有需要的邻居提供食物。【19题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Sheandherdaughter,Cimorene,thenthree,madeextrapansoflasagna,andRhiannonpostedinalocalmoms’grouponFacebook,offeringtodropoffafreehome-cookedmealtoanyonewhowantedone.Somepeoplerequestedameal.EvenmorewantedtohelpRhiannonfeedthosewhowerestruggling.(她和当时三岁的女儿Cimorene多做了几盘千层面，Rhiannon在Facebook上的一个当地妈妈群里发帖，表示愿意给任何想吃的人送一份免费的家常菜。有些人要了一份。甚至有更多的人想帮助Rhiannon养活那些生活挣扎的人。)”可知，Rhiannon创办LasagnaLove的目的是帮助苦苦挣扎的邻居。故选A。【20题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段的“LasagnaLovecurrentlyhas25,000volunteers—orLasagnaChefs,asthey’recalled—acrosstheUnitedStates,CanadaandAustralia,whohavedeliveredmorethan150,000mealstofamiliesintheircommunities.(LasagnaLove目前有2.5万名志愿者——他们被称为“千层面大厨”——来自美国、加拿大和澳大利亚，他们已经为社区的家庭提供了超过15万份食物。)”可知，LasagnaLove的志愿者送餐给有需要的人。故选B。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“Cimorene,nowfive,hasgottengoodatlayeringthenoodles.Rhiannonalsohasathree-year-oldsonandan11-month-oldbabyboy.“Ilovethatmykidsarelearningtheimportanceofhelpingothers,”shesays.(五岁的Cimorene很擅长将面条分层。Rhiannon还有一个三岁的儿子和一个11个月大的男婴。她说:“我很高兴我的孩子们正在学习帮助他人的重要性。)”可知，我们可以从文章中推断，Rhiannon为她的孩子树立了一个好榜样，故选D。 【22题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Sheandherdaughter,Cimorene,thenthree,madeextrapansoflasagna,andRhiannonpostedinalocalmoms’grouponFacebook,offeringtodropoffafreehome-cookedmealtoanyonewhowantedone.Somepeoplerequestedameal.EvenmorewantedtohelpRhiannonfeedthosewhowerestruggling.(她和当时三岁的女儿Cimorene多做了几盘千层面，Rhiannon在Facebook上的一个当地妈妈群里发帖，表示愿意给任何想吃的人送一份免费的家常菜。有些人要了一份。甚至有更多的人想帮助Rhiannon养活那些挣扎的人。)”可知，她为有需要的人免费提供千层面，所以她是善良的和慷慨的。故选C。CHorseshoecrabsareoftencalledlivingfossils.Theseprimitivearthropodshavelivedonearthfor360millionyears,largelyinthesameformastheyappeartoday.Despitetheirlonghistory,thehorseshoecrab’sexistenceisnowthreatenedbyhumanactivities,includingharvestingformedicalresearch.Anytimeaforeignobjectorsubstanceentersthehumanbody,there’sariskofintroducinginfection.Ifyou’vehadavaccination,asurgeryofanykind,orhadamedicaldeviceimplantedinyourbody,youoweyourverysurvivaltothehorseshoecrab.Horseshoecrabshavecopper-richbloodthatappearstobestrikingblueincolor.Proteinsinthehorseshoecrab’sbloodcellsarereleasedinresponsetoeventhesmallestamountofbacterialendotoxin(内毒素),suchasE.coli.Thepresenceofbacteriacauseshorseshoecrabbloodtoclotorgel,partofitshypersensitiveimmuneresponsesystem.Inthe1960s,tworesearchers,FrederickBangandJackLevin,developedamethodofusingthesecoagulation(凝固)factorstotestforcontamination(污染)ofmedicaldevices.Bythe1970s,theirLimulusamebocytelysate(LAL)testwasbeingusedcommerciallytomakesureeverythingfromscalpels(手术刀)toartificialhips(髋关节)issafeforintroductioninthehumanbody.Whilesuchtestingiscrucialtosafemedicaltreatments,thepracticetakesatollonhorseshoecrabpopulations.Horseshoecrabbloodisinhighdemand,andthemedicaltestingindustrycatchesasmanyas500,000horseshoecrabseachyeartodrainthemoftheirblood.Thecrabsaren’tkilledoutrightintheprocess;they’recaught,bled,andreleased.Butbiologistssuspectthestressresultsinapercentageofthereleasedhorseshoecrabsdyingoncebackinthewater.Fortunately,managementpracticesareinplacenowtoprotectthespecies.Inadditiontotheirvalueinmedicalresearch,horseshoecrabsfillimportantecologicalroles.Theirsmooth,wideshellsprovidetheperfectsubstrate(基质)formanyothermarineorganismstoliveon.Asitmovesalongtheocean’sbottom,ahorseshoecrabmaybecarryingmussels,barnacles,tubeworms,sealettuce,sponges,andeven oysters.Horseshoecrabsdeposittheireggsbythethousandsalongsandyshorelines,andmanymigratoryshorebirds,includingredknots,relyontheseeggsasasourceoffuelduringtheirlongflights.23.Whatfeatureofhorseshoecrabshelpssavelives?A.Theycanimprovetheirimmunesystem.B.Theirbloodissensitivetobacteria.C.Theyhavecopper-richbloodcells.D.Theirbloodisstrikingblue.24.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedphrase“takeatollon”inParagraph5?A.Makeuseof.B.Doharmto.C.Runoutof.D.Contributeto.25.Howaretheecologicalrolesofhorseshoecrabsexplainedinthelastparagraph?A.Bygivingexamples.B.Bymakingacomparison.C.Byquotingexperts.D.Byofferingadefinition.26.Onwhichtypeofwebsitecanwepossiblyreadthispassage?A.Science.B.Travel.C.Business.D.Life.【答案】23.B24.B25.A26.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是鲎这种生物的医学价值和生态角色。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Proteinsinthehorseshoecrab’sbloodcellsarereleasedinresponsetoeventhesmallestamountofbacterialendotoxin(内毒素),suchasE.coli.Thepresenceofbacteriacauseshorseshoecrabbloodtoclotorgel,partofitshypersensitiveimmuneresponsesystem.(即使是最小数量的细菌内毒素，如大肠杆菌，鲎血细胞中的蛋白质也会被释放出来。细菌的存在会导致鲎的血液凝结或凝胶，这是其过度敏感的免疫反应系统的一部分。)”可知，鲎的血液对细菌敏感这一特点有助于拯救生命，故选B。【24题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段的“Horseshoecrabbloodisinhighdemand,andthemedicaltestingindustrycatchesasmanyas500,000horseshoecrabseachyeartodrainthemoftheirblood.Thecrabsaren’tkilledoutrightintheprocess;they’recaught,bled,andreleased.(鲎的血需求量很大，医疗检测行业每年捕获多达50万只鲎，以抽取它们的血。鲎不会在这个过程中被直接杀死；他们被抓住，流血，然后释放。)”可知，虽然这样的检测对安全的医学治疗至关重要，但这种做法会对鲎的数量造成影响，也就是会对鲎造成伤害，划线短语takesatollon的意思是“对……造成伤害”，和doharmto意思相近，故选B。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Asitmovesalongtheocean’sbottom,ahorseshoecrabmaybecarryingmussels,barnacles,tubeworms,sealettuce,sponges,andevenoysters.(当鲎沿着海底移动时，它可能会携带贻 贝、藤壶、管虫、海莴苣、海绵，甚至牡蛎。)”可知，最后一段是通过举例来解释鲎的生态角色的。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段的“Horseshoecrabsareoftencalledlivingfossils.Theseprimitivearthropodshavelivedonearthfor360millionyears,largelyinthesameformastheyappeartoday.Despitetheirlonghistory,thehorseshoecrab’sexistenceisnowthreatenedbyhumanactivities,includingharvestingformedicalresearch.(鲎常被称为活化石。这些原始的节肢动物已经在地球上生活了3.6亿年，与它们今天的形态基本相同。尽管鲎历史悠久，但它们的生存现在受到人类活动的威胁，包括为医学研究而采集鲎。)”和最后一段的“Inadditiontotheirvalueinmedicalresearch,horseshoecrabsfillimportantecologicalroles.(除了在医学研究上的价值外，鲎还扮演着重要的生态角色。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是鲎这种生物的医学价值和生态角色，属于科普知识。由此推知，本文很有可能在“科学”网站读到。故选A。DChemistshavespentthepastcenturytryingtomakeplasticsthatwillbreakdowninseawater.Asitis,mostplasticsappeartotakecenturiestofullydegradeintheocean.Butthatmaychange.Scientistshavejustdesignedanewplasticthatcanbreakdowninseawaterwithinweeks,notdecadesormore.Backinthe1930s,scientistscreatedanow-popularplasticoutofcornandpotatostarch(淀粉).It’sknownaspolylactide,orPLA.It’sapolymer(聚合物),whichisamoleculemadebylinkingmanybuildingblocks—calledmonomers—intoalongstring.ScientistshadhopedPLAwouldquicklybreakdownintheenvironment.Andinsomeplaces,likecompostpits(堆肥坑),itdoes.Butnotinseawater.Evenafterthreeyearsinoceanwater,PLAremainslargelyunchanged.TimoRheinbergerisaPhDstudentattheUniversityofTwenteintheNetherlands.HisworkonpolymershasfocusedonboostingPLA’sbreakdown.Aspartofthatwork,hebecamepartofateamthatjustaddedsomeRNA-inspiredbreakingpointstoPLA.TheyputthosebreakingpointsinplaceswheremonomersinthePLAmoleculesarelinked.Theyweakenedthelinksthatjoinedupto15percentofaPLA’smonomers.Then,theysoakedtheirsamplesinartificialseawaterandmeasuredhowfastthesetweakedversionsofPLAbrokedown.TheexpectedfinalproductofPLA’sbreakdownwasasmallmoleculecalledlacticacid.So,theytestedforthattoo.Astheteamhadhoped,seawaterattackedtheweakenedlinksbetweenmonomers,splittingthepolymerchainapart.Themorebreakingpointstheresearchersaddedtothepolymer,thefasterthePLAbrokedown.Whentheyweakened15percentofPLA’smonomerlinks,thepolymerbrokedownentirelywithinjusttwoweeks.Whentheyweakenedonly3percentofthelinks,thebreakdowntookabout2years.Thissuggeststheteam candesignhowquicklyPLAwillbreakdowninwaterbyadjustinghowmanyweakenedlinksithas.MehlikaKaramanliogluteachesbiomedicalengineeringatIstanbulGelisimUniversity.She,too,hasstudiedenvironmentalbreakdownofPLA.“It’sanewapproach,”shesaysoftheDutchtechnique.Theirsisalso“apreliminarystudy,”Karamanlioglusays.So,moretestingmustfollow.ScientistswanttoknowhowthestrengthofthenewPLAcomparestooldPLA.Rheinbergeragrees.“Youneedalotofmaterialtostartthosestudies,”headds.Andsofar,histeamhasmadeonlysmallamountsofthemodifiedPLA.KaramanlioglunotestheDutchteamalsotestedthebreakdownofitsPLAinartificialseawater.“Iwonderiftheychecked[thewater]forpollution,”sheadds.Ifthereweremicrobes(微生物),thosemicrobesmayhaveproducedmoleculescalledenzymesthatspedupthePLA’sdegradation.27.WhatcanwelearnaboutPLAfromthepassage?A.LacticacidpreventsthebreakdownofPLA.B.PLAbreaksdownfasterinartificialseawater.C.PLA’sbreakdownreliesonthatofmonomers.D.CompostpitsarethebestplacesforPLA’sbreakdown.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“preliminary”inParagraph7probablymean?A.Systematic.B.Comparative.C.In-depth.D.Early-stage.29.WhatisMehlika’sattitudetowardsthefindingsoftheDutchteam?A.Supportive.B.Doubtful.C.Optimistic.D.Cautious.30.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastthreeparagraphs?A.MehlikaisconfidentabouttheapplicationofthenewPLA.B.ThecleannessofwateralsoaffectsthebreakdownofPLA.C.ThenewPLAhasbetterstrengththantheoldPLA.D.ThenewPLAhavebeenproducedinlargeamounts.【答案】27.C28.D29.D30.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍科学家们设计了一种新型塑料，可以在海洋中迅速分解。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Astheteamhadhoped,seawaterattackedtheweakenedlinksbetweenmonomers,splittingthepolymerchainapart.Themorebreakingpointstheresearchersaddedtothepolymer,thefasterthePLAbrokedown.(正如研究小组所希望的那样，海水攻击了单体之间薄弱的连接，使聚合物链断裂。研究 人员在聚合物中添加的断点越多，PLA分解的速度就越快)”和第六段“Whentheyweakened15percentofPLA’smonomerlinks,thepolymerbrokedownentirelywithinjusttwoweeks.Whentheyweakenedonly3percentofthelinks,thebreakdowntookabout2years.(当他们削弱PLA15%的单体连接时，聚合物在两周内完全分解。当他们只削弱了3%的联系时，这种破坏持续了大约2年)”可知，PLA的分解依赖于单体的分解。故选C。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后句“So,moretestingmustfollow.(因此，必须进行更多的测试)”可知，他们的研究只是“初步研究”。由此推知，划线词preliminary与early-stage(早期阶段，早期的)意思接近。故选D。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第七段“She,too,hasstudiedenvironmentalbreakdownofPLA.“It’sanewapproach,”shesaysoftheDutchtechnique.Theirsisalso“apreliminarystudy,”Karamanlioglusays.So,moretestingmustfollow.(她也研究过PLA的环境破坏。“这是一种新方法，”她谈到荷兰的技术时说。Karamanlioglu说，他们的研究也是“初步研究”。因此，必须进行更多的测试)”可推断，Mehlika对荷兰研究小组的发现持谨慎态度。故选D。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据最后三段，尤其是最后一段“KaramanlioglunotestheDutchteamalsotestedthebreakdownofitsPLAinartificialseawater.“Iwonderiftheychecked[thewater]forpollution,”sheadds.Ifthereweremicrobes(微生物),thosemicrobesmayhaveproducedmoleculescalledenzymesthatspedupthePLA’sdegradation.(Karamanlioglu指出，荷兰研究小组还测试了PLA在人工海水中分解。她补充说：“我想知道他们是否检查了（水）污染。”如果有微生物，这些微生物可能产生了一种叫做酶的分子，加速PLA的降解)”可知，水的清洁度也会影响PLA的分解。故选B。第Ⅱ卷（共65分）Ⅰ.选词填空（共7小题；每小题2分，共14分）用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子,每个单词只能用一次。montheffectrelaxlimitharmtalentperform31.Peoplefeelmore________whenwearingcasualclothes.32.Theactorsarejustamazing.Theyareallvery________.33.Doctorshavewarnedagainstthe________effectsofsmoking. 34.Your________asastudentwillbeexcellentifyoudevelopahabitofreflectingonhowyoulearn.35.Theadvertisementwassimplebutremarkably________.36.Thesemachineshavetobechecked________.37.Wearedoingourbestwiththe________resourcesavailable.【答案】31.relaxed32.talented33.harmful34.performances35.effective36.monthly37.limited【解析】【31题详解】考查形容词。句意：人们穿便装时感觉更放松。根据后文“wearingcasualclothes”可知，穿便装，人应该感到放松，应选relax为动词意为“放松”，空前是系动词feel，所以应该用形容词形式，主语是人，应该用动词-ed形式。故填relaxed。【32题详解】考查形容词。句意：演员们太棒了。他们都很有才华。根据前文“Theactorsarejustamazing”，可知，他们都是有才华的，应选talent，又因空前是系动词are，所以要用形容词形式，talent的形容词是talented。故填talented。【33题详解】考查形容词。句意：医生警告人们注意吸烟的有害影响。根据后文的“smoking”可知，吸烟是有害的，应选harm，又因空后是名词effects，所以空处应用形容词，harm的形容词是harmful。故填harmful。【34题详解】考查名词。句意：如果你养成反思学习方式习惯，你作为一个学生的表现将会很出色。根据后文“ifyoudevelopahabitofreflectingonhowyoulearn”可知，如果你养成反思学习方式的习惯，你作为一个学生的表现将会很出色，所以应选perform，又因为空前是形容词性物主代词，所以空处应填名词，perform的名词为performance是可数名词，此处应用复数形式。故填performances。【35题详解】考查形容词。句意：这则广告很简单，但却非常有效。根据but可知，此句表达的意思是广告虽然简单，但是有效，所以选effect，又空处和前文simple并列，所以应该用形容词形式，effect的形容词是 effective。故填effective。【36题详解】考查副词。句意：这些机器必须每月检查一次。根据前文的checked可知，此处应表示没有检查一次，故应选month，又空处是修饰动词checked，所以应该用副词形式，month的副词为monthly。故填monthly。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：我们正在利用有限的资源尽最大努力。根据后文的“available”可知，资源应是有限的，应选limit，又空后是名词resource，所以空处应填形容词，limit的形容词是limited。故填limited。Ⅱ.语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）在未给提示词的空白处填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。38.Roots＆Shootsisaninstitute________(establish)intheearly1990sbyDr.JaneGoodall.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】established【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：“根与芽”是简·古道尔博士在20世纪90年代早期建立的一个研究所。名词institute与establish之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。根据句意，故填established。39.BeijingOperaisoneofChina’snational________.(treasure)（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】treasures【解析】【详解】考查名词的数。句意：京剧是中国的国宝之一。oneof+复数名词。根据句意，故填treasures。40.A19-meterspermwhale________(rescue)fromtheshoresofXiangshancountyinNingbo,Zhejiangprovince,onApril20.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】wasrescued【解析】【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：4月20日，一条19米长的抹香鲸在浙江省宁波市象山县海岸获救。根据句中时间状语onApril20可知，用一般过去时。主语A19-meterspermwhale与rescue之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，且主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填wasrescued。41.TheShenzhouXIVcrew________(meet)anotherthreeastronautsfromtheShenzhouXVmissioninDecember,2022.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】willmeet 【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：2022年12月，神舟十四号乘组将与神舟十五号的另外三名宇航员会合。根据时间状语inDecember,2022可知，用一般将来时。根据句意，故填willmeet。42.Moreexpresswayswillbebuiltsoon________(promote)thelocaleconomy.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】topromote【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不久将修建更多的高速公路，以促进当地经济发展。句中用不定式作目的状语。根据句意，故填topromote。43.TuYouyouisthescientist________discoveryhasledtothedevelopmentofnewdrugswhichhavesavedmillionsoflives.（用适当的词填空）【答案】whose【解析】【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：屠呦呦是一位科学家，他的发现导致了新药物的开发，拯救了数百万人的生命。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的是定语从句，先行词是thescientist，从句部分缺少定语，所以应是whose引导。故填whose。44.Weallknowthattherearevarioustypesofpollutionaroundus,________maycausedifferentkindsofenvironmentalproblems.（用适当的词填空）【答案】which【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们都知道，我们周围有各种各样的污染，这些污染可能会导致各种各样的环境问题。句中先行词为typesofpollution，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。45.—Whydidn’tIseeyouatJim’sbirthdaypartylastnight?—I________(receive)acallfrommyboss,tellingmetodosomeextrapaperwork.（所给词适当形式填空）【答案】received【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——为什么我昨晚没在吉姆的生日派对上见到你?——我接到老板的电话，让我做一些额外的文书工作。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以receive应该做本句谓语；结合语境，陈述过去的事实，应该用一般过去时。故填received。46.________(land)onthemoon’sfarsideisextremelychallenging.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Landing 【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：在月球背面着陆极具挑战性。空格处用动名词作主语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Landing。47.Thisis________myfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.(用适当的词填空)【答案】what【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：这就是我父亲教给我的——总是面对困难，抱着最好的希望。在表语从句中缺少taught的宾语，根据“toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest”可知，此处是指道理，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。Ⅲ.完成句子（共5小题;第63、64题每题2分,第65、66、67题每题3分,共13分）根据括号中所给提示完成下列句子。48.我希望能在你们的帮助下取得很大的进步。(makeprogress)（汉译英）【答案】IhopeIcanmakegreatprogresswithyourhelp.【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句和动词短语。根据中文提示，可知本句使用一般现在时，是一个主从复合句，主句是“我希望”应译为Ihope，其后是宾语从句，从句结构完整，应用that引导，也可省略，从句主语分析可知依旧是“我”，谓语动词是“能取得很大的进步”，根据所给英文提示词，所以翻译为canmakegreatprogress，“在你们的帮助下”做状语，应翻译为withyourhelp。故译为：IhopeIcanmakegreatprogresswithyourhelp.49.地球的主要能源来自太阳。(comefrom)（汉译英）【答案】TheEarth’smainsourceofenergycomesfromthesun.【解析】【详解】考查短语和时态。本句为主谓宾结构，主语TheEarth’smainsourceofenergy地球的主要能源；谓语comefrom来自；宾语thesun太阳。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故翻译为TheEarth’smainsourceofenergycomesfromthesun.50.绿色生活就是与自然和谐相处。(inharmonywith)（汉译英）【答案】Greenlivingislivinginharmonywithnature.【解析】【详解】考查短语，时态和非谓语动词。根据句意，应用一般现在时描述事实，分析句子可知，句子使用主系表结构，greenliving绿色生活，作主语，是单数，谓语动词用单数is；liveinharmonywith“与…… 和谐相处”，用动名词作表语，解释主语的特征，故翻译为Greenlivingislivinginharmonywithnature.51.减少污染的一个好方法是改变我们的生活习惯。(changeone’slivinghabits)（汉译英）【答案】Agoodwaytoreducepollutionistochangeourlivinghabits.【解析】【详解】考查不定式和主谓一致。分析句意可知，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“……的一个好方法”是agoodwaytodo...，“减少污染”是reducepollution，“改变我们的生活习惯”用不定式作表语，是tochangeourlivinghabits，主语是单数，谓语动词用is，因此整句话翻译为“Agoodwaytoreducepollutionistochangeourlivinghabits”。故答案为Agoodwaytoreducepollutionistochangeourlivinghabits.52.我认为与自己的弱点作斗争的人也是令人钦佩的人。(fightagainst)（汉译英）【答案】Ithinkamanwhofightsagainsthisweaknessesisalsoanadmirableman.【解析】【详解】考查时态，定语从句和主谓一致。分析句意可知，句子表示客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“我认为”是Ithink，“与自己的弱点作斗争的人”用who引导的定语从句，修饰“人”，翻译为amanwhofightsagainsthisweaknesses，“也是令人钦佩的人”是isalsoanadmirableman，因此整句话翻译为Ithinkamanwhofightsagainsthisweaknessesisalsoanadmirableman.Ⅳ.阅读表达（共4小题;每小题2分,共8分）阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。LaughingMattersMakingpeoplelaughconnectsustooneanother.Butwhatarelaughingmattersrelatedto?Forme,theyareaboutpersonallifestoriesandexperiences.Lifewillalwayschange,andthereforelaughingmattersvaryaccordingly.Whilewemaynothavethesameexperiences,everyonecanrelatetoobservationsonlife,family,andthevarietiesofbehaviorweallencountereverydayaswegoaboutlife.Laughingmattersarededicatedtomakinglaughterapartofdailylifeandbuildingahealthierandlessstressfuloutlook.Itcanendtensesituations.Italwaysbreakstheiceandbringspeopletogether.Athome,itbringsthefamilycloser.Afriendoncetoldmehowhisdadcollectedjokesinaboxandwrotethemdownoncardssohewouldn’tforgetthemandthentoldjokesatthedinnertable.Icouldrelatetothat.MyolderbrotherusedtobringhomejokebooksandreadthemtomewhenIwas10or11yearsold,whichhadagreatimpactonme.Greatcomediansviewlifeindifferentways.Someofthemcantellarelatablestoryaboutlifeanditwillbefunny,remindingtheaudienceofsimilarsituationsandgettinghugelaughs.Otherswilllookatasimilarobservationinlifeandtellaverydifferentstoryfromaverydifferentanglewithaverydifferentdelivery.Thebest ofthemkeepworkingitoutuntiltheyfindthehumorthatsuitsthemandstrikestherightstringand,hopefully,thelaughterstringofanaudience.Peoplewillalwaysrelatetothehumanstorywithallitschallenges.Onegoodthingaboutlifeisthatitchangesanddevelops.Lifeitselfnevergetsoldandisalwaysfeedingalaugh.Asaresult,comediansareconstantlypushingtheenvelopebecausewhatthepreviousgenerationfoundfunnybecomesforeigntothenewgeneration.Ascomedyadjuststolifechanges,theedgekeepsmovingaswell.That’swhattimedoestocomedy.Andnowwithawholenewgenerationthechallengeisthesame.Humoristsmustkeeppushingthatenvelope,andwewill.53.Fortheauthor,whatarelaughingmattersabout?(不多于8个单词)54.Howcanthebestcomediansmakepeoplelaugh?(不多于11个单词)55.Whydoescomedyneedtochange?(不多于13个单词)56.Basedonyourpersonalexperience,doeshumorhelpyouinyourlife?Whyorwhynot?（单词数不限）【答案】53.Personallifestoriesandexperiences.54.Byfindingthehumorthatsuitstheaudience.55.Becausecomedyadjuststolifechangesandtheedgekeepsmovingaswell.56.Yes.Becausehumorhelpsmeforgetthetroublesinmylifeandseethepositiveandpositivethingsinmylife,whichgivesmethestrengthtomoveon.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是值得笑的事情及笑的意义。【53题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段的“Forme,theyareaboutpersonallifestoriesandexperiences.(对我来说，它们是关于个人生活的故事和经历)”可知，值得笑的事情是关于个人生活的故事和经历，故答案为Personallifestoriesandexperiences.【54题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段的“Thebestofthemkeepworkingitoutuntiltheyfindthehumorthatsuitsthemandstrikestherightstringand,hopefully,thelaughterstringofanaudience.(他们中最优秀的人一直在努力，直到他们找到适合观众的幽默，并拨对了弦，希望是观众的笑弦)”可知，最好的喜剧演员通过找到适合观众的幽默来让人们笑，故答案为Byfindingthehumorthatsuitstheaudience.【55题详解】考查细节理解。根据最后一段的“Ascomedyadjuststolifechanges,theedgekeepsmovingaswell.That’swhattimedoestocomedy.(随着喜剧适应生活的变化，边缘也在不断移动。这就是时间对喜剧的影响)”可知，喜剧需要改变是因为喜剧适应生活的变化，边缘也在不断移动，故答案为Becausecomedyadjuststo lifechangesandtheedgekeepsmovingaswell.【56题详解】考查开放性试题。言之有理即可。例如：根据我的个人经验，幽默对我的生活是有帮助的，因为幽默帮助我忘记生活中的烦恼，看到生活中积极向上的事情，这给了我继续前进的力量。故答案为Yes.Becausehumorhelpsmeforgetthetroublesinmylifeandseethepositiveandpositivethingsinmylife,whichgivesmethestrengthtomoveon.Ⅴ.书面表达（20分）57.英语课上你们在讨论英语学习的方法，请根据下列内容，写一个发言稿，介绍你的英语学习情况：1、你在英语学习过程中遇到了哪些困难？2、你尝试了哪些方法解决这些困难？效果如何？注意：词数不少于80；_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Englishisnoteasytolearn.Forme,Ifinditverychallengingtoimprovemylisteningandspeakingskills.Wedon’thaveforeignteachersandIfeelembarrassedtocommunicatewithmyclassmatesinEnglish.Furthermore,likemanystudents,Iamalsofrustratedbylearningvocabulary.TherearesomanynewwordsthatIhavetolearneveryday.AndIfinditunproductiveandboringtojustrepeatthewordsoverandoveragain.AfterhavingadiscussionwithmyEnglishteacher,Idecidedtokeepgoing.IdownloadedanEnglishlearningappandbeganlisteningtoEnglishnewseveryday.Afterlistening,Iwouldretellthenewsandcommentonit.Now,IamnolongerafraidofEnglishlisteningandfinditnaturaltospeakEnglishaloud.Asforvocabularylearning,it’smorerewardingtolearnwordsinsentencesthanjustremembersinglewords.Sometimes,Ievenmakesentencesonmyown,whichmakesvocabularylearningmoreefficientandfun.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一个发言稿，介绍自己的英语学习情况。【详解】1.词汇积累尴尬的：embarrassed→awkward而且：Furthermore→what’smore无聊的：boring→tiresome有时：sometimes→attimes 2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Englishisnoteasytolearn.Forme,Ifinditverychallengingtoimprovemylisteningandspeakingskills.拓展句：EnglishissodifficulttolearnthatIfinditverychallengingtoimprovemylisteningandspeakingskillsforme.【点睛】【高分句型1】TherearesomanynewwordsthatIhavetolearneveryday.（运用了that引导的定语从句）【高分句型2】Sometimes,Ievenmakesentencesonmyown,whichmakesvocabularylearningmoreefficientandfun.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）