Unit2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks第3课时GrammarFocus_4c课件（人教新目标版）

SectionAGrammarfocus-4cUnit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.初中英语八年级下册RJ 1.Newwords:raise,midnight,alone2.Sentences:①I’dliketohelphomelesspeople.②Youcouldaskhospitalstoletyouvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.3.Gramma:①短语动词②动词不定式Learninggoals Ifwearevolunteers,wecould...Freetalkvisitthesickkidsinthehospitaltocheerthemup/helptocleanupthestreet/helpchildrenwiththeirhomework/helptheoldpeople...Warmingup I’dliketohelphomelesspeople.Shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.Youcouldaskhospitalstoletyouvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.Mariobelievesitcanhelphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.Shevolunteersthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.I’mmakingsomesignstoputuparoundtheschool.Grammarfocus Pleasecirclethephrasalverbs.I’dliketohelphomelesspeople.Shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.Youcouldaskhospitalstoletyouvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.Mariobelievesitcanhelphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.Shevolunteersthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.I’mmakingsomesignstoputuparoundtheschool. I’mmakingsomesignstoputuparoundtheschool.(教材P12GrammarFocus)putup张贴AttheSpringFestival,peopleputup“Fu”ondoorsorwindows.Languagepoints putup建造，搭建提出(建议等)举起Hewentcampingwithusandtaughtushowtoputupatent.Putupyourhandifyouknowtheanswer.I’dliketoputupanideaforthetask.【拓展延伸】putup的其他常用含义： 短语动词是由动词加介词、副词或其他词构成的固定词组或习语（idioms），其作用和动词差不多。有些短语动词相当于及物动词，有些则相当于不及物动词。一、语法概述短语动词短语动词是由动词加介词、副词或其他词构成的固定词组或习语（idioms），其作用和动词差不多。有些短语动词相当于及物动词，有些则相当于不及物动词。一、语法概述 二、常见短语动词的类型和用法相当于及物动词，后面必须有宾语，且宾语只能位于介词之后。lookafter照顾carefor非常喜欢；照顾lookat看thinkabout考虑agreewith同意waitfor等待Iagreewithwhatyousaid.Hecaredforhermorethansherealized.(1)动词+介词 (2)动词+副词①可看作及物动词，名词作宾语时，可位于动词与副词之间或副词之后；代词作其宾语时，只能位于动词与副词之间。②有的也可看作不及物动词。cheerup振奋起来cleanup打扫干净giveup放弃putoff推迟takeaway拿走fixup修理turndown调低；拒绝 Thisisanewword.You’dbetterlookitupinthedictionary.It’stoonoisy.PleaseturndowntheTV.=It’stoonoisy.PleaseturntheTVdown. 相当于及物动词，宾语位于介词之后。catchupwith赶上comeupwith想出lookforwardto期望runoutof用完，耗尽Heworkedhardtocatchupwithhisclassmates.I’mlookingforwardtotheweekend.(3)动词+副词+介词 相当于及物动词，名词前可加形容词说明程度，宾语位于介词之后。makefunof取笑payattentionto注意makeuseof利用takecareof照顾makefriendswith与……交往It’simpolitetomakefunofyourclassmate.Wecouldmakebetteruseofourresources.(4)动词+名词+介词 1.Iwantto______myplantoworkinananimalhospitaluntilnextsummer.I’mtoobusywithmystudiesthisyear.2.Shehopesto_______atleastfiveprimaryschoolstoaskiftheyneedvolunteersfortheirafter-schoolprograms.4aFillintheblankswiththephrasalverbsinthebox.bebusywith...忙于，后接名词或代词putoffcallupputuphandoutcallupcheerupcomeupwithgiveoutputoff 3.Ourclassistryingto____________someideasto________sickchildrenbecausetheyareoftensad.4.Wedecidedto______signsaroundtheschooland________noticestotellstudentsaboutthebooksale.Wewill_______themoneyfromthesaletohomelesspeople.comeupwithcheerupputuphandoutgiveout Pleaseunderlinetheinfinitivestructures.I’dliketohelphomelesspeople.Shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.Youcouldaskhospitalstoletyouvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.Mariobelievesitcanhelphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.Shevolunteersthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.I’mmakingsomesignstoputuparoundtheschool.wouldliketodoasksb.todovolunteer…todolearntododecidetodohelpsb.todomake…todo 动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，有时to可省略。它没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。其否定形式为“notto+动词原形”。一、语法概述动词不定式 二、动词不定式的用法常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：想要拒绝忘记(want,refuse,forget)需要努力学习(need,try,learn）选择同意帮助(choose,agree,help）希望决定开始(hope/wish/expect,decide,begin/start）LilywantstofindajobasanEnglishteacherinBeijing.Hedecidedtohelpthehomeless.1.动词不定式作宾语 常接动词不定式作宾补的动词有：ask,allow,tell,want,teach,wish,help,warn,invite,encourage等。Samaskedmetohelphim.Theteacheralwaystellsusnottoswimintheriver.2.动词不定式作宾语补足语 动词不定式（短语）作目的状语,可以放在句首,一般用逗号与后面的内容隔开,也可以放在句尾。3.动词不定式作目的状语动词不定式（短语）作主语时，通常表示一个具体的、特定的行为，其谓语动词用单数形式。Toknowoneselfisdifficult.人能自知，实属不易。4.动词不定式作主语Togetthereontime,theystartedearly. 动词不定式作定语时通常要放在所修饰词之后。Mydutyistolookaftertheanimals.Whowasthefirstonetoarrive?5.动词不定式作表语6.动词不定式作定语 三、使用动词不定式（短语）需要注意的几个问题1.不定式（短语）作主语时，常由it代替它作形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。主要有三种情况。（1）Itis+名词+todosth.It’sourdutytotakegoodcareoftheold.（2）Ittakessb.+sometime+todosth.Ittakesustwohourstofinishthework. （3）Itis+形容词(easy,important,difficult,foolish,right,wrong...)(+for/ofsb.)+todosth.Itisnoteasytocatchfishwithyourhandsonly.Itisveryimportantforyoungpeopletomastertwoforeignlanguages.Itiscleverofyoutodothat. 2.feel,find,make,think等动词后如果是不定式（短语）作宾语，且宾语补足语是形容词或名词，常用it作形式宾语，把不定式（短语）放到宾语补足语之后。Ifinditnecessarytohavebreakfast.Ithinkitimportantforustostudyhardnow. 3.有一些动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式（短语）通常不带to，这样的动词主要有三看(see,watch,notice)、三让(let,make,have)、二听(hear,listento)、一感觉(feel)。【特别提醒】动词不定式（短语）在help后作宾补时，可带to也可不带to。 Didyounoticeherleavethehouse?Isawhergetintothecar.Hisparentsmakehimsweepthefloor.Theteachersoftenhelpus(to)solveproblems. Mostpeopletodayareonlyworriedaboutgettinggoodjobs_______lotsofmoney.Intheirfreetime,theythinkaboutwhat_____forfun.However,fewpeoplethinkaboutwhattheycando______others.Therearemanypeoplewhoarelessluckythanus.4bFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.helpmovedomakevisitspendtomaketodotohelpbeworriedabout担心…… Volunteeringourtimetohelpthesepeopleisagoodway_______ourfreetime.Forexample,wecanmakeplans_______sickchildreninthehospitalorraisemoneyforhomelesspeople.Somepeopleevenstopdoingtheirjobsforafewmonthstoayear_______toanotherplace,likeoneofthecountriesinAfrica,andhelppeoplethere.tospendtovisittomove为……筹款 1.I’dliketovolunteer___________________________________________________________.2.At12:00midnight,Icalledmyfriend____________________________________.3.I’mverybusybutIcouldhelp____________________________________________.4cCompletethesentenceswithyourownideas.Useinfinitives.atthefoodbankandhelptogiveoutfoodtohomelesspeopletoaskhimanimportantquestiontopaintthehouseforafewhourstomorrow 4.Summervacationiscoming,andIwant_________________________________________.5.Iwanttotravelalone.Myparentstoldme(not)_____________________________________________.tovisitmygrandparentsinHunannottodothatbecauseIamtooyounganditisnotsafe 一、单项选择1.(2021•襄阳中考)—Jim,pleasehelpme_____thetent.—OK.I’mcoming.It’sexcitingtosleepinittonight.A.getonB.getoffC.pulldownD.putup2.It’snotgoodforyoutosmokesomuch.You’dbetter_____.A.giveupitB.givethemupC.giveitupD.giveupthemCDExercises 3.(2021•福建中考)—Ihaven’t____yourphonenumberyet.Couldyousayitagain?—Certainly.It’s8250-2336.A.putupB.writtendownC.thrownaway4.(2020•安徽中考)Wearesupposedto_____smartphonesandtakemoreexerciseinstead.A.takeupB.putawayC.lookintoD.giveoutBB 5.(2021•福建中考)Ourschoolhasheldmanyactivities_____the100thbirthdayoftheCommunistPartyofChina.A.celebrateB.celebratedC.tocelebrateC6.(2021•怀化中考)Thegovernmentaskspeople_____therubbishfromtheirdailylifeindifferentgroups.A.toputB.puttingC.putA 7.(苏州中考)—Pleasestaywithmethisweekend.—I’msorry,butmyfatherandIplanned_____Beijingalongtimeago.A.visitB.visitingC.tovisitD.visitedC 8.(2021•自贡中考改编)—WhatdoyouthinkoflearningChinese,David?—Actually,Ifindithard_____Chinesewellinashorttime.A.learningB.learnC.tolearn9.(2021•吉林中考)Mr.Whiteinvitedme_____thehillwithhimlastweekend.A.toclimbB.climbC.climbingCA 1.他们帮助无家可归的人过上舒适的生活，帮助贫困的孩子上学。Theyhelped________________toliveacomfortablelifeandthepoorkidstogotoschool.2.(2021•怀化中考改编)他的父母非常担心他，回来和他交谈。Hisparentswerevery________________himandcamebacktotalkwithhim.二、完成句子thehomelessworriedabout 3.我们已经制订一个计划来完成这项工作。Wehavemadeaplan_____________thework.4.学好英语不容易。Itisnoteasy____________Englishwell.5.我有点儿事要和你谈一谈。Ihavesomething___________withyou.tofinishtotalktolearn Keywordsraise,midnight,aloneSummarySentences①I’dliketohelphomelesspeople.②Youcouldaskhospitalstoletyouvisitthekidsandcheerthemup. Grammar短语动词动词不定式动词+介词动词+副词动词+副词+介词动词+名词+介词作宾语作宾补作目的状语作主语作表语作定语 1.Reviewtheuseof“Phrasalverbs”and“Infinitives”.2.Makesentenceswithinfinitives,nolessthanfive.3.PreviewthenewwordsandphrasesinSectionB(1a-1e).Homework