浙江省舟山中学2022-2023学年高一英语下学期5月月考试题（Word版附解析）

高一年级英语月考试题第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节：(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A.Parkingthecar.B.Movingsomefurniture.C.WatchingTVonthesofa.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atarestaurant.B.Atatheater.C.Atastore.3.Howmuchdoesthetelevisionsetcosttoday?A.$100.B.$150.C.$200.4.Whyaretheman’seyesred?A.Heissick.B.Hedidn’tgetmuchsleep.C.Hehasterribleeyeproblems.5.Whendidthewomanexpectthepackagetoarrive?A.Yesterday.B.Today.C.Tomorrow.第二节：(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whyisn’tthegirlallowedtogoout?A.Shedidn’tdoherschoolwork.B.Shedidn’tdoherhousework.C.Shearguedwithherparents.7.Howdidthegirlfeelaboutherpunishment?A.Shethoughtitwasfair.B.Shewassurprisedbyit.C.Shefeltangryaboutit. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.HowdothespeakersknowGregParsons?A.Heusedtobetheirteacher.B.Heusedtobeafamousathlete.C.Heusedtoownabusinessintown.9.WhatwasthewomandoingwhenshesawBrianSheldontheotherday?A.Waitinginline.B.Drinkingcoffee.C.WatchingTV.10.Wherewillthespeakersgonext?A.Agrocerystore.B.Arestaurant.C.Astadium.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Friends.C.Auntandnephew.12.Whydidthewomanvisittheman’shouse?ATohaveaglassofwine.B.Topickhimupbeforedinner.C.Tocongratulatehimonhisnewhome.13.Whycan’tMarciashowuptonight?A.Sheisn’tfeelingwell.B.Sheneedstofinishareport.C.Shehasameetingwithherboss.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whendidthemangetthetickets?A.OnMonday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSunday.15.Howdoesthewomanfeelwhenthegamesareclose?A.Excited.B.Sad.C.Pressured.16.Whichteamarethespeakerscheeringfor?A.Spain.B.Russia.C.Switzerland.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatTVchannelisJimmyKimmelLiveon?A.NBC.B.TBS.C.ABC. 18.WhendidJimmyKimmelbecomeespeciallyfamous?A.AfterhehostedtheOscars.B.AfterDonaldTrumpbecamepresident.C.Whenhecriedathisshowforthefirsttime.19.Ontalkshows,whatusuallycomesrightaftertheopeningspeech?A.Aninterview.B.Amusicalperformance.C.Acomedyperformance.20.WhatdidJimmyKimmeldobeforehostingJimmyKimmelLive?A.Hetaughtinadramaschool.B.Heworkedataradiostation.C.HewenttoschoolinLosAngeles.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATravelersarealwayslookingforinspirationtoguidetheirtrips.Comingupwithalistofplacestovisitcanbechallengingwhenyou’restaringataglobe.Whatarethetoptouristattractionsintheworld?Herecomesourlist..TheAcropolis,AthensFollowinthefootstepsofancientsasyouwalkupthesamestepsthathavebeenwalkedonsince438BC.Viewsoutoverthecityareincredibleasyouwalkbetweenthewell-restoredoldbuildings.Neartheendoftheday,you’llwanttostayandwatchthesunsetfromthestairsneartheentrance.Thisisaritual(仪式)inAthens..TheTajMahal,IndiaIndiais-filledwithincrediblecitiesandfabulousplacestovisit,butthe17th-centuryTajMahalistheoneplacethatsaysyou’vebeentoIndia.Thismausoleum(陵墓)，commissionedbytheShahJahanforhiswife,isknowninternationallyasasymboloflove.Thisfantasticstructure,madewithpreciousstones,hastobevisitedtobefullyappreciated..Petra,JordanYoumayhaveanIndianaJonesfeelingasyouwalkthrougha1.2-kilometer-longnarrowcrackinthesandstonehillsandemerge,intoahiddencity.Firstbuiltover2,000yearsagoandlosttotheoutsideworldfor600years,thecitywasonlydiscoveredin1812.Impressivebuildingsarecarveddirectlyintotheredrockwallsandarewonderfully preserved,justbeggingtobeexploredandphotographed..GrandCanyon,USAThegreatestnaturalattractionintheUnitedStates,theGrandCanyonisakeysightforalltravelersplanningtheirlifetimeofadventures.StandingontheedgeoftheGrandCanyon,lookingoutoverthecarvedlandscape,willawakenyoursenses.Severalhikesinthecanyonandalongtheedgeofferuniqueperspectives.ForevenmoreadventureplanaraftingtripdowntheColoradoRiverthroughthecanyon.1.WhatdotheAcropolisandPetrahaveincommon?A.Fantasticsunset.B.Redrockwalls.C.Excitingraftingtrip.D.Ancientbuildings.2.Whichplacebestsuitspeoplewhowantanadventuroustrip?A.Petra,Jordan.B.GrandCanyon,USA.C.TheTajMahal,India.D.TheAcropolis,Athens.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aresearchpaper.B.Asciencefiction.C.Atravelbrochure.D.Ageographytextbook.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个世界著名的旅游景点。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据TheAcropolis,Athens部分“Followinthefootstepsofancientsasyouwalkupthesamestepsthathavebeenwalkedonsince438BC.”（当你走上自公元前438年以来走过的台阶时，跟随古人的脚步。）以及Petra,Jordan部分“Firstbuiltover2,000yearsagoandlosttotheoutsideworldfor600years,thecitywasonlydiscoveredin1812.”（这座城市最早建于2000多年前，600年来一直为外界所知，直到1812年才被发现。）可知theAcropolis和Petra共同之处在于都有古建筑。故选D项。【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“ThegreatestnaturalattractionintheUnitedStates,theGrandCanyonisakeysightforalltravelersplanningtheirlifetimeofadventures.”（大峡谷是美国最大的自然景点，是所有计划一生冒险的旅行者的主要景点。）可知美国大峡谷最适合想要冒险旅行的人。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据本文大意，文章主要介绍了四个世界著名的旅游景点，可知文章与旅游有关，文章最有可能出一本自旅游手册。故选C项。BRecentlyIboughtabookaboutsignposts.Signpostsaren’tveryinteresting,you’rethinking.Well,that,ofcourse,dependsonwhetheryouhappentobelost!Ancienttravelerswouldhavebeengratefulforthesewhensettlementsweresmallerandfurtherapart.Inwinter,theabilitytoreachshelterforthenightcouldbethedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.OneoftheveryearliestwaymarksdiscoveredisinCumbria.DatingfromRomantimes,ithadlainfallenuntil1836,whenafarmerploughinghisfieldscameacrossasandstoneshaft(碑文).Thereareotherstonepoststhathavestoodbyroadsidesforcenturies.Itwasn’tuntil1697thatanactwaspasseddeclaringthatguide-stonesmustbebuilt.Thisappliedtoremotepartsofthecountrywheretheremightbeconfusionastowhichpathledtothenearestmarkettown.Later,withtheappearanceoftheRoyalMail,thenumberrosestillfurther.Nowadaysmanyoftheseearlyroadsignsaredesignated(指定)asListedMonuments.“Howtimeschange!”Lucy,anenthusiasticwalker,towhomIloanedthebook,exclaimed.“Isupposenowweallrelyfarmoreuponmobilephonestoguideus.”“Yettheyaren’tperfect.WheneverIgoout,Ipreferamap.Ineverhavetoworryaboutrunningoutofbattery.”“I’malwaysgratefultowhoeverisplacingway-markersalongtheroute,”sheadded,“Isupposethathoweversureweare,alittleoutsideconfirmationisalwayswelcome.”Lucyisquiterightthere.Lifeitselfcanofferusagreatmanychoicesofpath,andsometimesitisn’teasytoknowifwe’vechosenthebestone.Perhapswhenitcomestogratitude,weshouldalsoincludethanksforthosepeoplewhoappearinourliveswhenwemostneedthem—eithergivingusgentlewarningthatwemightbeheadinginthewrongdirection,orreassurancethatweareontherighttrack.Afterall,we’dbelostwithoutthem!4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“these”inthefirstparagraphreferto?A.Signposts.B.Abilities.C.Settlements.D.Shelters.5.Whatcontributedtotheinitialspreadofsignposts?A.Themarkettrade.B.Theactpassedin1697. C.Thediscoveryofthesandstone.D.TheappearanceoftheLoyalMail.6.WhatdoesLucythinkofsignposts?A.Popular.B.Outdated.C.Imperfect.D.Helpful.7.Whatdoestheauthorlearnfromsignposts?A.Tochooserighttracks.B.Toliveacolorfullife.C.Tohaveagratefulmind.D.Toofferpracticalchoices.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者最近买了一本关于路标的书，以及从书中掌握了解到关于路标的知识。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“RecentlyIboughtabookaboutsignposts.Signpostsaren’tveryinteresting,you’rethinking.Well,that,ofcourse,dependsonwhetheryouhappentobelost!(最近我买了一本关于路标的书。你在想，路标没什么意思。嗯，那当然要看你是不是碰巧迷路了！)”及划线词所在句“Ancienttravelerswouldhavebeengratefulforthesewhensettlementsweresmallerandfurtherapart.(当定居点更小、距离更远的时候，古代旅行者会很感激这些)”可知，划线单词these指的就是上文中提到的路标。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“OneoftheveryearliestwaymarksdiscoveredisinCumbria.DatingfromRomantimes,ithadlainfallenuntil1836,whenafarmerploughinghisfieldscameacrossasandstoneshaft(碑文).Thereareotherstonepoststhathavestoodbyroadsidesforcenturies.Itwasn’tuntil1697thatanactwaspasseddeclaringthatguide-stonesmustbebuilt.(最早发现的路标之一是在坎布里亚郡。它始建于罗马时代，直到1836年，一个农民在耕地时偶然发现了一个砂岩井。还有一些石柱已经矗立在路边几个世纪了。直到1697年才通过一项法案，宣布必须建造路标)”可知，1697年通过的法案促成了路标最初的传播。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段““Yettheyaren’tperfect.WheneverIgoout,Ipreferamap.Ineverhavetoworryaboutrunningoutofbattery.”“I’malwaysgratefultowhoeverisplacingway-markersalongtheroute,”sheadded,“Isupposethathoweversureweare,alittleoutsideconfirmationisalwayswelcome.”(“然而，它们并不完美。无论我什么时候出去，我都喜欢带着地图。我从来不用担心没电了。“无论谁在沿途设置路标，我都很感激，”她补充说，“我想，无论我们多么确定，一点外界的确认总是受欢迎的。”)”可推知，露西对路标 的看法是认为它是有帮助的。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Perhapswhenitcomestogratitude,weshouldalsoincludethanksforthosepeoplewhoappearinourliveswhenwemostneedthem—eithergivingusgentlewarningthatwemightbeheadinginthewrongdirection,orreassurancethatweareontherighttrack.(也许说到感恩，我们也应该感谢那些在我们最需要他们的时候出现在我们生活中的人——他们要么温和地警告我们可能走错了方向，要么安慰我们走在正确的道路上。毕竟，没有他们我们会迷路的！)”可推知，作者从路标中学到了要有感恩的心。故选C项。CWeareallawareofthedamagingpollutionthat’screatedbydrivingpetrolanddiesel(柴油)vehicles.Manyoftheworld’scitiesareblockedwithtraffic,creatingfumescontaininggasessuchasnitrogenoxides.Thesolutionforacleaner,greenerfuturecouldbeelectricvehicles.Buthowoptimisticshouldwebe?TherewasmuchexcitementlastyearwhentheUKgovernmentannounceditwillbanthesaleofnewpetrolanddieselcarsfrom2030.Butisthateasiersaidthandone?Theroadtoglobaltrafficbeingtotallyelectricisstillalongwayoff.Currently,batterylifeisanissue—afullychargedbatterywon’ttakeyouasfarasafulltankofpetrol.TherearealsolimitednumbersofchargingpointstopluganEVinto.Ofcourse,technologyisalwaysimproving.Someofthebiggesttechcompanies,likeGoogleandTesla,arespendinghugeamountsofmoneydevelopingelectriccars.Andmostofthebigcarmanufacturersarenowmakingthemtoo.ColinHerron,aconsultantonlow-carbonvehicletechnology,toldtheBBC:“Thebigleapforwardwillcomewithsolidstatebatteries,whichwillappearfirstinmobilephonesandlaptopsbeforetheyprogresstocars.”Thesewillchargemorequicklyandgivecarsabiggerrange.Costisanotherissuethatmaydiscouragepeopleswitchingtoelectricpower.Butsomecountriesofferincentive,suchascuttingpricesbyreducingimporttaxes,andnotchargingforroadtaxandparking.Somealsoprovideexclusivelanesforelectriccarstobedrivenon,overtakingtraditionalcarswhichmightbestuckinjams.ThesekindsofmeasureshavemadeNorwaythecountrywiththemostelectriccarspercapita(人均)atmorethanthirtyelectriccarsper1000inhabitants.ButColinHerronwarnsthat“electricmotoring”doesn’tmeanazero-carbonfuture.“It’semission-freemotoring,butthecarhastobebuilt,thebatteryhastobebuilt,andtheelectricitydoescomefromsomewhere.”Maybeit’stimetothinkaboutmakingfewerjourneysorusingpublictransport.8.Whatcanweinferfromthequestionattheendofparagraph1?A.Weshouldnotbetoooptimisticaboutthefuture.B.Electricvehiclesmaynotsolvethetrafficproblems. C.It’snotagoodideatoreplacepetrolvehicleswithelectricones.D.Itisnoteasytoobtainagreenerfuturebymeansofelectricvehicles.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“incentive”meaninparagraph3?AcompensationB.allowanceC.encouragementD.privilege10.Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Electricmotoringwillcreateazero-carbonfuture.B.Electriccarsmightnotgetstuckintrafficjamsinthefuture.C.Therearefourobstaclesontheroadtoglobaltrafficbeingtotallyelectric.D.Puttingsolid-statebatteriesinelectriccarsfirstwillbea“greatleapforward”.11.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.TotalElectricTraffic:aLongWaytoGoB.ElectricVehicles:aRoadtoaGreenerFutureC.ElectricPowerorPetrol:aToughDecisiontoMakeD.PetrolandDieselVehicles:aMainsourceofGases【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电动汽车的好处以及仍然面临的一些挑战。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Theroadtoglobaltrafficbeingtotallyelectricisstillalongwayoff.Currently,batterylifeisanissue—afullychargedbatterywon’ttakeyouasfarasafulltankofpetrol.TherearealsolimitednumbersofchargingpointstopluganEVinto.(实现全球交通完全电动化还有很长的路要走。目前，电池寿命是个问题——一块充满电的电池续航时间还不如一箱汽油续航时间长。电动汽车的充电点数量也有限)”可推知，通过电动汽车获得一个更环保的未来并不容易。故选D。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“suchascuttingpricesbyreducingimporttaxes,andnotchargingforroadtaxandparking.Somealsoprovideexclusivelanesforelectriccarstobedrivenon,overtakingtraditionalcarswhichmightbestuckinjams.”可知，有些国家通过降低进口税来降低价格，不收取道路税和停车费。有些还为电动汽车提供专用车道，以超越可能陷入拥堵的传统汽车，这些都是鼓励人们购买的措施。故画线词意思是“鼓励”。故选C。【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Somealsoprovideexclusivelanesforelectriccarstobedrivenon,overtakingtraditionalcarswhichmightbestuckinjams.(有些还为电动汽车提供专用车道，以超越可能陷入拥堵的传统汽车)”可知，B选项“电动汽车将来可能不会陷入交通堵塞”正确。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Theroadtoglobaltrafficbeingtotallyelectricisstillalongwayoff.(实现全球交通完全电动化还有很长的路要走)”结合文章介绍了电动汽车的好处以及仍然面临的一些挑战。可知，A选项“全电动交通：任重道远”最符合文章标题，故选A。DHumanresponsestomoraldilemmas(两难选择)canbeinfluencedbystatementswrittenbytheartificialintelligencechatbotChatGPT,accordingtoastudypublishedinScientificReports.Thefindingsindicatethatusersmayunderestimatetheextenttowhichtheirownmoraljudgmentscanbeinfluencedbythechatbot.SebastianKrigelandcolleaguesaskedChatGPTmultipletimeswhetheritisrighttosacrifice(牺牲)thelifeofonepersoninordertosavethelivesoffiveothers.TheyfoundthatChatGPTwroterandomstatementsarguingbothforandagainstsacrificingonelife,indicatingthatitisnotbiasedtowardsacertainmoralstance(立场).Theauthorsthenpresented767U.S.participants,whowereonaverage39yearsold,withadilemmawhethertosacrificeoneperson’slifetosavefiveothers.Beforeanswering,participantsreadastatementprovidedbyChatGPTarguingeitherfororagainstsacrificingonelifetosavefive.StatementswerefromeitheramoraladvisororChatGPT.Afteranswering,participantswereaskedwhetherthestatementtheyreadinfluencedtheiranswers.Eightypercentofparticipantsreportedthattheiranswerswerenotinfluencedbythestatementstheyread.However,theauthorsfoundthattheanswersparticipantsbelievedtheywouldhaveprovidedwithoutreadingthestatementswerestillmorelikelytoagreewiththemoralstanceofthestatementtheydidreadthanwiththeoppositestance.ThisindicatesthatparticipantsmayhaveunderestimatedtheinfluenceofChatGPT’sstatementsontheirownmoraljudgments.Theauthorssuggestthatthepotentialforchatbotstoinfluencehumanmoraljudgmentshighlightstheneedforeducationtohelphumansbetterunderstandartificialintelligence.Theyproposethatfutureresearchshoulddesignchabotsthateitherdeclinetoanswerquestionsrequiringamoraljudgmentoranswerthesequestionsbyprovidingmultipleargumentsandwarnings.12.WhatareChatGPT’sanswerstoacertainmoralstance?A.Inconsistent.B.Valuable.C.Creative.D.Simple.13.Whatislearnedabouttheparticipants?A.TheyadmittedthepowerofChatGPT. B.Theywereinterviewedbyamoraladvisor.C.TheywereaffectedbyChatGPTunknowingly.D.Theywerepresentedwithdifferentmoraldilemmas.14.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Differentfindingsofthestudy.B.Futurepotentialsforchatbots.C.Majorfocusesoffutureeducation.D.Solutionstotheimpactofchatbots.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ChatGPTTendstoCauseMoralPanicsB.ChatGPT:IsItLikelytoAffectOurLife?C.ChatGPT:WhyIsItMakingUsSoNervous?D.ChatGPTCanInfluenceHumanMoralJudgments【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了发表在《科学报告》上的一项研究表明，人类对道德困境的反应可能会受到人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT所写语句的影响。文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及发现，最后提到了解决聊天机器人影响的方法。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“TheyfoundthatChatGPTwroterandomstatementsarguingbothforandagainstsacrificingonelife,indicatingthatitisnotbiasedtowardsacertainmoralstance(立场).(他们发现，ChatGPT会随机写出支持或反对牺牲一条生命的陈述，这表明它并不偏向于某种道德立场)”可推知，ChatGPT对某种道德立场的回答不一致。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“ThisindicatesthatparticipantsmayhaveunderestimatedtheinfluenceofChatGPT’sstatementsontheirownmoraljudgments.(这表明参与者可能低估了ChatGPT的陈述对他们自己道德判断的影响)”可知，参与者在不知不觉中受到了ChatGPT的影响。故选C。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Theauthorssuggestthatthepotentialforchatbotstoinfluencehumanmoraljudgmentshighlightstheneedforeducationtohelphumansbetterunderstandartificialintelligence.Theyproposethatfutureresearchshoulddesignchabotsthateitherdeclinetoanswerquestionsrequiringamoraljudgmentoranswerthesequestionsbyprovidingmultipleargumentsandwarnings.(作者认为，聊天机器人影响人类道德判断的潜力凸显了教育的必要性，以帮助人类更好地理解人工智能。他们建议，未来的研究应该设计出要么拒绝回答需要道德判断的问题，要么通过提供多种论证和警告来回答这些问题的聊天机器人)”可知，最后一段主要讲解决聊天机器人影响人类道德判断力的方法。故选D。 【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Humanresponsestomoraldilemmas(两难选择)canbeinfluencedbystatementswrittenbytheartificialintelligencechatbotChatGPT,accordingtoastudypublishedinScientificReports.(发表在《科学报告》上的一项研究表明，人类对道德困境的反应可能会受到人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT所写语句的影响)”以及倒数第二段“ThisindicatesthatparticipantsmayhaveunderestimatedtheinfluenceofChatGPT’sstatementsontheirownmoraljudgments.(这表明参与者可能低估了ChatGPT的陈述对他们自己道德判断的影响)”结合文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及发现，最后提到了解决聊天机器人影响的方法。可知，D选项“ChatGPT可以影响人类的道德判断”最符合文章标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Therearehundredsofgenres(流派)ofmusic,sowhilesomemightlikeonekind,othersmightlikesomethingcompletelydifferent.Whydopeoplelikedifferentkindsofmusic?____16____Atthesametime,musiccanalsohelpusfeellikepartofagrouporaculture,especiallyonethatsharesaninterestinacertainkindofmusic.Musiccanalsobenostalgic,thatis,itcreatesakindoflongingforthepast.Musiciansleavebehindafootprintwiththeirmusic.____17____Evenlongafterthemusiciansaregone,peoplestillfindsomethinginthemusicians’recordingsthattheycanenjoy.Wemayalsofindthatthemusicwelikeisstronglytiedtoourmemory.Maybetherewasasongthatsomeonesangtouswhenwewerelittlethatbringsupgoodmemories.____18____Whenwelistentomusicthatwelike,achemicalcalleddopamineissometimesreleasedinthebrain,whichcanmakeusfeelgood.____19____Therearesomealgorithms(算法)todaythatcanhelppickuponthekindofmusicwelike.Whenwearestreamingmusic,someprogramswillletuslikeordislikesongs.People’stasteinmusiccanremainthesameintheirwholelifeoritcanchangemanytimes.Butthetruthis,wedon’tknowalltheexactanswerstowhypeoplelikedifferentkindsofmusic—orsports,orfood,orcolors.____20____Wearealldifferentpeoplewholikedifferentthings.A.It’smusictoourears.B.Musiccanbeapartofouridentity.C.Itbecomesamirrorthatweareholdingup.D.Theyleaveapermanentmarkinpeople’slives. E.Thereforewemightwanttolistentoasongonrepeat.F.Othertimes,wemightfindmusiccanbringupsadmemories.G.Therearelotsofdifferentfactorsthatcaninfluenceourpreferences.【答案】16.B17.D18.F19.E20.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了音乐对人们的影响。【16题详解】根据后文“Atthesametime,musiccanalsohelpusfeellikepartofagrouporaculture,especiallyonethatsharesaninterestinacertainkindofmusic.(与此同时，音乐也可以帮助我们感觉自己是一个团体或文化的一部分，尤其是对某种音乐有共同兴趣的人)”可知，后文提到了音乐对自身其他方面的影响，故本句是在说明音乐可以成为身体的一部分，故B选项“音乐可以成为我们身份的一部分”符合语境，故选B。【17题详解】根据上文“Musiciansleavebehindafootprintwiththeirmusic.(音乐家在音乐中留下了足迹)”可知，上文提到了音乐家，D选项They指代上文Musicians。故D选项“他们在人们的生活中留下了永久的印记”符合语境，故选D。【18题详解】根据上文“Wemayalsofindthatthemusicwelikeisstronglytiedtoourmemory.Maybetherewasasongthatsomeonesangtouswhenwewerelittlethatbringsupgoodmemories.(我们可能还会发现，我们喜欢的音乐与我们的记忆密切相关。也许在我们小的时候，有人给我们唱过一首歌，勾起了我们美好的回忆)”可知，上文提到音乐可以勾起美好回忆，同样也能唤起悲伤的回忆。故F选项“其他时候，我们可能会发现音乐能唤起悲伤的回忆”符合语境，故选F。【19题详解】根据上文“Whenwelistentomusicthatwelike,achemicalcalleddopamineissometimesreleasedinthebrain,whichcanmakeusfeelgood.(当我们听自己喜欢的音乐时，大脑中有时会释放一种叫做多巴胺的化学物质，它能让我们感觉良好)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出喜欢的音乐让我们感觉良好，所以喜欢重复听。故E选项“因此，我们可能想要重复听一首歌”符合语境，故选E。【20题详解】根据上文“Butthetruthis,wedon’tknowalltheexactanswerstowhypeoplelikedifferentkindsofmusic—orsports,orfood,orcolors.(但事实是，我们并不知道人们为什么喜欢不同种类的音乐、运动、食物或颜色的确切答案)”可知，本句承接上文说明影响偏好的因素很多，无法确定。故G选项“有很多不同的因素可以影 响我们的偏好”符合语境，故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Silenceisimportantforlearning.Igotitfrommyfourteen-month-olddaughterArielle.Oneday,shesatonthefloorwithanoldbabydoll.Withoutbuttons,itcouldneither____21____norplaymusic.Thewholeroomwassilent.ThenAriellebegantoexplorethebabydoll.Whenherhandtouchedatiny____22____,sheusedonefingertotrace(勾画)itsshape.Thenshe____23____oneofherownearsandthenbothears.Shekepttracingthedoll’searandherownafewmoretimesuntil,____24____,sheturnedherattentionelsewhere.AtthatmomentIdiscoveredhowhuman____25____tookplace.Somethingstimulated(刺激)Arielle’s____26____:Isherbodylikeherdoll’s?Withnooutsidestimulation,shesatisfiedhercuriositybycomparingthedoll’sbodyandherself.____27____,formanykids,experienceslikeArielle’sarelessandlessfrequent____28____childrenaresurroundedbythoseso-called____29____toyswhichcantalkandmoveatthepushofabutton.This_____30_____themtopushbuttonsrepeatedlywithoutthinkingandmayrob(剥夺)childrenofopportunitiestoproblem-solve.Likeadults,childrenneedtimesthatare_____31_____toexperiencethedifferencebetweenjustreactingtooutsidestimulationand_____32_____theirownideasbyexploringtheworld.Indeed,thetoysmostlikelytoencouragecreativeplayarenotthosethatmake_____33_____orhavelotsofunnecessary’functions._____34_____,theyaresimple,quietandcanbeusedinlotsofdifferentways.Sonexttime,when_____35_____whattobuyyourchild,makeawisechoice.21.A.smileB.standC.talkD.sleep22.A.noseB.mouthC.earD.foot23.A.coveredB.feltC.hurtD.drew24.A.discouragedB.interestedC.confusedD.satisfied25.A.agingB.communicationC.learningD.experiment26.A.imaginationB.curiosityC.creativityD.determination27.A.BrieflyB.SadlyC.HopefullyD.Traditionally28.A.unlessB.whileC.sinceD.until29.A.safeB.prettyC.healthyD.smart30.A.requiredB.forbadeC.advisedD.caused 31.A.hardB.quietC.extraD.fresh32.A.developingB.changingC.expressingD.appreciating33.A.noiseB.profitsC.progressD.records34.A.HoweverB.InsteadC.ThereforeD.Besides35.A.askingB.studyingC.decidingD.suggesting【答案】21.C22.C23.B24.D25.C26.B27.B28.C29.D30.D31.B32.A33.A34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从14个月的女儿Arielle那里学到：沉默对于学习是重要的。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有按钮，它既不能说话也不能播放音乐。A.smile微笑；B.stand站立；C.talk说话；D.sleep睡觉。It此处指代上文的babydoll，根据“Withoutbuttons”和“Thewholeroomwassilent.”可知，没有按钮，布娃娃既不会说话也不能播放音乐。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她的手碰到一只小耳朵时，她会用一根手指描摹它的形状。A.nose鼻子；B.mouth嘴；C.ear耳朵；D.foot脚。根据下文“oneofherownearsandthenbothears.”可知，Arielle的手碰到布娃娃的耳朵，会用手指描摹它的形状。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她摸了摸自己的一只耳朵，又摸了摸两只耳朵。A.covered覆盖；B.felt触摸；C.hurt使受伤；D.drew画。根据上文“sheusedonefingertotrace(勾画)itsshape”可知，Arielle用手指勾画布娃娃的耳朵轮廓以后，摸摸自己的耳朵。故选B。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她不停地描摹着娃娃的耳朵，又摸了几次自己的耳朵，直到她满足了，才把注意力转移到别处。A.discouraged心灰意冷的；B.interested感兴趣的；C.confused困惑的；D.satisfied满足的。根据上文“Shekepttracingthedoll’searandherownafewmoretimesuntil”和下文“sheturnedherattentionelsewhere.”可知，Arielle不断的摸摸布娃娃的耳朵，再摸摸自己的耳朵，直到玩够了，满足了，才转移注意力。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，我发现了人类学习是如何发生的。A.aging老龄化；B.communication交流；C.learning学习；D.experiment实验。根据下文“Somethingstimulated(刺激)Arielle’s____6____:Isherbodylikeherdoll’s?”可知，Arielle 在学习，从中作者发现了人类学习的方式。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有什么东西激发了Arielle的好奇心：她的身体像她的娃娃吗？A.imagination想象；B.curiosity好奇心；C.creativity创造力；D.determination决心。根据下文的问题“Isherbodylikeherdoll’s?”和“Withnooutsidestimulation,shesatisfiedhercuriositybycomparingthedoll’sbodyandherself.”可知，Arielle产生了好奇心。故选B。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，对于许多孩子来说，像Arielle这样的经历越来越少了，因为孩子们被那些所谓的智能玩具包围着，这些玩具可以说话，按下按钮就能移动。A.Briefly简单地；B.Sadly悲哀地；C.Hopefully有希望地；D.Traditionally传统地。根据上文“formanykids,experienceslikeArielle’sarelessandlessfrequent”和下文“childrenaresurroundedbythoseso-called____9____toyswhichcantalkandmoveatthepushofabutton”可知，很多孩子没有Arielle这样的经历，应该是悲哀地。故选B。【28题详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意同上。A.unless除非；B.while当……时候；C.since因为；D.until直到。根据下文“childrenaresurroundedbythoseso-called____9____toyswhichcantalkandmoveatthepushofabutton”可知，孩子们被智能玩具包围是缺少那种经历的原因，用since引导原因状语从句。故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，对于许多孩子来说，像Arielle这样的经历越来越少了，因为孩子们被那些所谓的智能玩具包围着，这些玩具可以说话，按下按钮就能移动。A.safe安全的；B.pretty漂亮的；C.healthy健康的；D.smart智能的。根据下文toy的定语从句“whichcantalkandmoveatthepushofabutton”可知，这些玩具会说话会移动，因此是智能玩具。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这导致他们不假思索地反复按按钮，可能会剥夺孩子们解决问题的机会。A.required要求；B.forbade禁止；C.advised建议；D.caused导致。根据上文“toyswhichcantalkandmoveatthepushofabutton”可知，一按按钮玩具就会说话和引导，这导致孩子们不假思索地反复按按钮。故选D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：和成年人一样，孩子们也需要安静的时间来体验仅仅对外界刺激做出反应和通过探索世界来形成自己的想法之间的区别。A.hard困难的；B.quiet安静的；C.extra额外的；D.fresh新鲜的。根据上文“Silenceisimportantforlearning.”可知，孩子们也需要安静的时间来学校。故选B。【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。developing形成；B.changing改变；C.expressing表达；D.appreciating感激。根据下文“byexploringtheworld”可知，孩子们通过探索世界来形成他们自己的想法。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，最有可能鼓励创造性游戏的玩具不是那些制造噪音或有很多不必要的“功能”的玩具。A.noise噪音；B.profits利润；C.progress进展；D.records记录。根据上文的“cantalkandmove”可知，这些玩具制造出噪音。故选A。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：它们简单、安静，可以以多种不同的方式使用。A.However然而；B.Instead代替；相反；C.Therefore因此；D.Besides此外。根据上文“arenotthosethatmake____13____orhavelotsofunnecessary’functions”和下文“theyaresimple,quietandcanbeusedinlotsofdifferentways”可知，前后文是相反的意思。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以下次，当决定给你的孩子买什么时，要做出明智的选择。A.asking问；B.studying学习；C.deciding决定；D.suggesting建议。根据下文“makeawisechoice”和上文对于玩具的讲述可知，当你决定给孩子们买东西时，要做出明智的选择。故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Duringthisyear’sSpringFestivalholiday,thecountyofTangyininHenanprovincewelcomedanincreasednumberoftourists,manyof____36____cametopayrespectstoYueFei,aSongDynastynationalhero.ThetouristsurgewasattributedtothesuccessofFullRiverRed,adomesticfilmreleasedduringtheholiday.ByJan27,thelastdayoftheholiday,thefilm____37____(generate)ahugetotalboxofficeincomeofabout2.6billionyuan,rankingfirstintheholidayboxofficechart.Thehistoricaldrama,eponymous(同名的)withawell-knownlyricalpoembyYueFei,wasdirectedbyfamousChinesedirectorZhangYimou.____38____(it)plotcentersaroundaseriesofeventssurroundingYue’sdeath.Manyviewersweremovedtotearsbytheendingofthemovie,____39____(feature)thousandsofsoldiersrecitingthelyricalpoeminconcert____40____(passionate).Thefilm’spopularityarousedpublicadmiration____41____Yue,whobravelyfoughtbattlesagainsttheJinDynastyandwascelebratedforhis____42____(loyal)andcourage.Oneofthefilm’s____43____(intention)istoillustrateandhighlightYueFei’sspirit.In____44____articlepostedonChina’sleadingfilmratingplatformDouban,ChenYu,thefilm’sscreenwriter,wrotethatYue’slyricalpoemcontainsakindofcultureoremotion____45____(share)byallChinesepeople. 【答案】36.whom37.hadgenerated38.Its39.featuring40.passionately41.for42.loyalty43.intentions44.an45.shared【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍张艺谋拍摄的电影——《满江红》。【36题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在今年的春节假期里，河南省汤阴县迎来了越来越多的游客，其中许多人是来瞻仰宋代民族英雄岳飞的。分析句子可知，这里考查“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为tourists，指人，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，用关系代词whom。故填whom。【37题详解】考查时态。句意：截至1月27日，也就是假期的最后一天，这部电影已经创造了约26亿元的巨额总票房收入，位居假期票房排行榜第一。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，且主语thefilm和谓语动词generate为主动关系，再由ByJan27可知，这里应用过去完成时。故填hadgenerated。【38题详解】考查代词。句意：它的情节围绕着围绕岳飞之死的一系列事件展开。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词性物主代词its作定语修饰后面名词plot，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Its。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多观众被电影的结局感动得流下了眼泪，成千上万的士兵同心协力热情地朗诵着这首抒情诗。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语动词，且逻辑主语theendingofthemovie和非谓语动词feature为主动关系，再根据句意可知，这里应填现在分词形式。故填featuring。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：许多观众被电影的结局感动得流下了眼泪，成千上万的士兵同心协力热情地朗诵着这首抒情诗。分析句子可知，此空应填副词passionately作状语修饰动词reciting。故填passionately。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：这部电影的火爆引起了公众对岳的钦佩，他勇敢地与金朝作战，并以其忠诚和勇气而闻名。admirationforsb.表“对某人的钦佩”，为固定搭配。故填for。 42题详解】考查名词。句意：这部电影的火爆引起了公众对岳的钦佩，他勇敢地与金朝作战，并以其忠诚和勇气而闻名。由并列连词and后名词courage可知，此空也应填名词，且loyalty表“忠诚”，为不可数名词。故填loyalty。【43题详解】考查名词复数。句意：这部电影的意图之一是为了说明和突出岳飞的精神。分析句子可知，oneof后面应加可数名词intention的复数形式。故填intentions。【44题详解】考查冠词。句意：在中国领先的电影评分平台豆瓣上发布的一篇文章中，该片编剧陈瑜写道，岳飞的抒情诗包含了一种所有中国人都有的文化或情感。分析句子可知，此空应填不定冠词表泛指概念，且article为元音音素开始的单词，用不定冠词an。故填an。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国领先的电影评分平台豆瓣上发布的一篇文章中，该片编剧陈瑜写道，岳飞的抒情诗包含了一种所有中国人都有的文化或情感。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语动词，逻辑主语akindofcultureoremotion和非谓语动词share为被动关系，再根据句意可知，这里应填过去分词作后置定语。故填shared。第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你校即将举办一场以“人工智能”为主题的专家讲座。请你写一封邮件，邀请你的交换生朋友Chris一起参加。内容包括：1.讲座时间、地点；2.讲座内容；3.期待回复。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】DearChrisKnowingthatyouarekeenonartificialintelligence,I’mwritingtosincerelyinviteyoutoparticipateinsuchalecture.FeaturingtheapplicationofAI,thetwo-hourlectureisscheduledtobeheldat2p.m.thisSundayintheschoolauditorium,whichwillneverfailtoexposeparticipantstoscientificandtechnologicalinnovation.TheoperatingprinciplesandpotentialdangersofAIareincludedaswell.Thenfollowsalivelyquestion-and-answersession.Idohopethatyouwon’tmissthegoldenchance.Anticipatingyourpromptreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生交换生朋友Chris写一封信，邀请他参加你校即将举办以“人工智能”为主题的专家讲座。【详解】1.词汇积累对……感兴趣：bekeenon→beinterestedin参加：participatein→takepartin机会：chance→opportunity期望：anticipate→expect/lookforwardto2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：Knowingthatyouarekeenonartificialintelligence,I’mwritingtosincerelyinviteyoutoparticipateinsuchalecture.拓展句：BecauseIknowthatyouarekeenonartificialintelligence,I’mwritingtosincerelyinviteyoutoparticipateinsuchalecture.【点睛】[高分句型1]FeaturingtheapplicationofAI,thetwo-hourlectureisscheduledtobeheldat2p.m.thisSundayintheschoolauditorium,whichwillneverfailtoexposeparticipantstoscientificandtechnologicalinnovation.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Idohopethatyouwon’tmissthegoldenchance.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)第二节读后续写(满分25分)47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 ItwasacoldDecember,atthetailendoftheGreatDepression,andthingsweretough.Mumhadahardtimeraisinguskidsonherowninoursmallcommunity.Myfatherhaddiedfiveyearsearlier,leavingusworseoff;wereliedonsocialassistancetokeepusclothed,andalthoughourclothesweresecondhand,wethoughttheywerebeautiful.Lookingback,IrealizedwhatMumwentthroughsendinguskidstoschool.Everymorningshewouldtuckanewpieceofcardboardinourshoesbecauseoursoleswerewornout.Whenwegothome,MumwouldhaveFrenchtoastreadyforus.Ourrentwas$25amonth,butMumcouldn’tpayit,andweknewwewouldmoveoutrightafterChristmasonthefirstofJanuary.Theholidayswerefastapproaching,andwewereentitledto$25forChristmasfromsocialservices.ItwasfourdaysbeforeChristmas.Mumsaidthatinsteadofbuyingfood,shewasgoingtousethemoneytopayourbackrent.Thatwaywe’dhavearoofoverourheadsforalittlewhilelonger.ThenshetoldusthattherewouldbenoChristmasgifts.WhatMomdidn’tknowwasthatIhadbeensellingChristmastrees,sweepingsnowanddoingpart-timejobstoearnenoughmoneytobuyanewpairofboots—bootsthatweren’tpatched;bootswithnocardboardinit.IknewexactlywhichbootsIwanted.Theywereten-inch,Top-Genuine,PierreParisboots,andtheycost$23.ThebigdayforgettingmybootscameonChristmasEveafternoon.IwasveryexcitedasIhurrieduptheshoppingcenterforit.Ontheway,Inoticedagrocerystore.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph1TheChristmaslightsanddecorationsheldme,andIslowedmypace.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2Oncehome,Ipiledthegroceriesontheporch(门廊)andknockedonthedoor. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Paragraph1TheChristmaslightsanddecorationsheldme,andIslowedmypace.ItwasthenthatIrealizedinourdimhouse,wehadnolights,nodecorationsandnomoneyforChristmas.Astrangesenseofguiltsuddenlyengulfedme.WithPierreParisbootsstillinmymind,ItriedtoconvincemyselftherewasatleastFrenchtoasttonight.However,myfamily’disappointedfacesonthatcoldChristmaskeptlingeringinmymindclearly.Afterwhatseemedlikeacentury,Iultimatelymadetheresolutionandsteppedintothegrocerystore,eyesbrimmingwithdetermination.Iboughtaturkey,ham,orangesandalltheChristmasdecorations.Ispenteverydimeofmyhard-earnedmoneyandwentbacktomyhouse.Paragraph2Oncehome,Ipiledthegroceriesontheporch(门廊)andknockedonthedoor.Outcamemythinmom.Theinstantsheunlockedthedoor,thegroceriesfellinside.Staringhardattheseitems,shewasdumbfounded.Tearsthreateningtospillovermyeyes,Ihollered,“MerryChristmas,Mother!TherereallyisaSantaClaus!”Wordsseemedtofailtoconveyheremotionssothatsheembracedmetightly.Itwaswhenahalf-choking“Thanks”escapedfromhermouththatasenseofachievementsurgedthroughme.IbetIwouldneverhavehadsuchsatisfactionifIhadboughtthePierreParisbootsthen.Ihadalotofexplainingtodoasweunpackedallthefood.Thatnight,I,aneleven-year-oldboy,receivedthemostpreciousChristmasgift—myresponsibilityandsatisfactionformyfamily.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者家境艰难，买不起新鞋，房租也即将到期。而作者瞒着母亲一直在兼职工作，以便挣足够的钱买一双新靴子，但是最终作者还是选择用赚来的钱给家人买了节日要吃的食物。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“圣诞彩灯和装饰品吸引了我，我放慢了脚步。”可知，第一段可描写作者选择购买食物回家。②由第二段首句内容“一到家，我就把杂货堆在门廊上，然后敲门。”可知，第二段可描写母亲看到食物后的反应。2.续写线索：被吸引——负罪感——购买食物——回家——母亲感动——感悟 3.词汇激活行为类①尝试：tryto/attemptto②走进：stepinto/gointo③拥抱：embrace/hug情绪类①沮丧的：disappointed/depressed/frustrated②满足：satisfaction/content【点睛】[高分句型1]Afterwhatseemedlikeacentury,Iultimatelymadetheresolutionandsteppedintothegrocerystore,eyesbrimmingwithdetermination.(运用了what引导宾语从句)[高分句型2]IbetIwouldneverhavehadsuchsatisfactionifIhadboughtthePierreParisbootsthen.(运用了if引导条件状语从句)