湖北省天门市2023届高三英语信息卷试题（Word版附解析）

2023年高三英语信息卷注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whattypeofplaceisthemanprobablylivingin?A.Thedormitory.B.Ahouse.C.Anapartment.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Ijustmovedintoanewapartment.It’ssomuchbiggerthanourdormitory.Ican’tbelieveyouarestilllivingthere.M:IactuallymovedinwithDaniel.Hishomeishugewithabeautifulgarden!Hehassomanybathrooms.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthewomanfeel?A.Confused.B.Angry.C.Scared.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Willyoucomewithmetotakethegarbageout?M:Areyouconfusedofwherethegarbagecanis?Itisrightthereoutsidebythelight.W:No,Iamafraidoftheneighbor’sangrycat.Itattackedmeyesterday!3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesthemanwanttoleavetheumbrellabehind?A.Hismotherhastoldhimtodoso.B.Hedidn’twatchtheweatherreport.C.He’sgoingawayfromtherain. 【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Momsaidit’sgoingtorain,sobringanumbrella.M:Theweatherreportsaiditwassupposedtomissusandhitthenortherntowns.I’llbefinewithoutone.Mom’salwaysworriedfornoreason.W:Ohyeah.You’regoingsouth,right?4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Drinksomecoffee.B.Getupearlytomorrow.C.Finishreadingtonight.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Ihave50pagesmoretoreadtonight,butit’salready11:00.Ireallyneedsomecoffee.It’lltakemeatleasttwohours,andIneeditdoneby10:00tomorrowmorning.W:Justwakeupat7:00.You’llhaveplentyoftimethen.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmuchwillthemanpayfortheshoes?A.$50.B.$75.C.$100.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:IwantedtobuyanewpairofshoesfromFootLocker,buttheonesIwantcost$100.Icanonlyspend$75atthemost.M:Iwillpayforhalfoftheprice.Youcanconsideritaspartofyourbirthdaygift.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatkindofgamesisthewomanplaying?A.Shootinggames.B.Musicgames.C.Puzzles. 7.Whodoesthewomanhaveanappointmentwithtomorrow?A.Amanager.B.Aprofessor.C.Adentist.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:Howlonghaveyoubeenplayingthatgamefor?Itseemslikehours.W:Ijustgotitandcan’tputitdown.YouknowhowIlovefittingpiecestogether.Thisgamehasfruitandanimalsthatyouhavetomatchup.M:Atleastit’snotanothergunorpianogame.Youhadbetternotmissyourjobinterview,though.Thatwouldmakeapoorimpressiononthehiringmanager.Whenareyougoingtogetready?W:Iforgottotellyouthatitwaschangedtotomorrow.Ihaveplentyoftimetoprepare.Ionlyhavetogoseethedentistandtalkwithmyprofessorlatertoday.M:Finethen,butdon’tmissthedentistbecauseofthatgame.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthewomanprobablywantthemantodo?A.Dosomecleaning.B.Becarefulinhisjob.C.Takeoutthetrashinturn.9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Brotherandsister.C.Managerandnewworker.【答案】8.B9.C【解析】【原文】W:Wecareaboutqualityhere,notjustaboutdoingenoughworktogetby.WhenyouworkatTraderJoe’s,you’remorethananemployee.You’relikefamily!M:Inmyfamily,weusuallyargueoverthingslikewhoseturnitistotakeoutthetrash.Wealsocomplainalotwhenthere’snodessert.Isworkingherelikethat?W:OK...Letmegiveyouabetteridea.Workinghereislikebeinginafamilyinsomeways.Youknowhowchildrengetpunishedwhentheydon’tcleantheirrooms,orwhentheygooutwithfriendsbeforetheyfinishtheirhomework? M:Yes,Icanrelatetothat.W:Well,that’smorelikehowitistoworkatTraderJoe’s.Theemployeesarethechildren...andI’mthemother.M:Areyoutheonlyparentatthisstore?IthinkI’dratherbeadoptedbysomeoneelse...听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whoownedthecircus?A.Theman.B.Carl’sfather.C.Theman’sfather.11.Wheredidtheman’ssistergethurt?A.InNormandy.B.InNewDelhi.C.InMoscow.12.Whatdoesthemandonow?A.Heisaperformer.B.Heisahotelmanager.C.Heisasafetyconsultant.【答案】10.B11.A12.C【解析】【原文】W:Whoarethesepeopledressedinfunnycostumes?M:ThatpicturewastakenwhenweworkedascircusperformersinMoscow.Ontherightismydad’scousinCarlandnexttohimisCarl’sfatherwhoownedthecircus.W:Ican’tbelieveyouwereoneofthosepeoplewhododangerousjumpslikethat.Howlongwereyouinthecircus?M:IstartedwhenIwasakidabout12.Westayedwiththecircusforabout10years.ShortlyafterwemovedtheshowtoNormandy,myoldersisterbrokeherleg.Thenmyparentsdecidedmaybeitwastimeforustoretire.Mysistergothurtwhenshewasabout23.Iwasayearyoungeratthetimeanddidn’twanttoleave.W:That’stoobadshegothurt.Doyoustilldoperformances?M:Iconsultthesedays.IactuallyhavetotraveltoIndianextweektolookatthesafetyequipmentofacircus.Itwillbethefirsttimereturningthereaftermysistergothurt.Shelivestheremanagingahotel.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whyisthewomanexhausted?A.Sheisrunning.B.Sheiswetintherain.C.Shedidn’tsleepwell.14.Howfardoesthewomancovereveryweek? A.Twomiles.B.Threemiles.C.Sixmiles.15.Whatistheman’shealthyhabit?A.Hehasahealthydiet.B.Hegetsenoughsleep.C.Hedoesmuchexercise.16.Whatwouldthemanliketodo?A.Cycletowork.B.Gettobedearlier.C.Gotothepooleveryday.【答案】13.A14.C15.A16.A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,there.Youlookexhausted.W:Hi.Ican’tstopforlong.Istillhaveamiletorun.M:Amile?Wow!Youreallydolakefitnessseriously.W:Everybodyshould.Evenonrainydayslikethis.M:Isupposeyou’reright.Iseealotofveryheavypeoplethesedays.W:Theyareharmingthemselvesbyeatingthewrongthingsandnotdoingexercise.M:Sohowmuchrunningdoyoudo?Wouldn’titbebettergoingtoagym?W:Gymscostmoney.Icanrunforfree.Twomilesaday,threetimesaweek-it’saneasyroutine.M:Itdoesn’tsoundeasytome.IsupposeIshoulddosomeexerciseandgetenoughsleepaswell.Iseldomgetmyfulleighthours.W:Youreallyshould.M:Ontheplusside,I’mahealthyeater.Ieatplentyofvegetablesandjustalittlemeat.W:Atleastyouaremakinganeffort.Withafewsmallchanges,youcouldhaveahealthylifestyle.M:You’reright.Ican’tdomuchaboutmybedtimes,butfromtomorrowIamgoingtotraveltoworkonmybike.W:Swimmingisgoodexerciseaswell.M:MaybeI’llcheckoutthelocalpoolsometime.W:Ipromiseyouwillfeelsomuchbetter.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkmostmodernpeoplearelike? A.Friendly.B.Selfish.C.Patient.18.Whatisabenefitofhelpingothersaccordingtothetalk?A.Youmaylearnaskill.B.Youcangetthanksfromothers.C.Youwillfeelbetteraboutyourself.19.Whoprobablyneedssomeonetocomfort?A.Apersoningrief.B.Acharityvolunteer.C.Apersonwithoutskills.20.Whatisthemaintopicofthetalk?A.Howtogethelp.B.Howtostarttochat.C.Howtohelpothers.【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.C【解析】【原文】Toooftenthemoderntrendisforpeopletobeseparatedfromeachother.Carshavetakenusoffthestreets,whereweusedtostoptochat.Televisionhasplantedusfirmlyinourlivingrooms,insteadofgoingoutwithotherpeople.Wemuststrikebackagainsttheselfishnessandgreedofourmodernworldandhelpourfellowhumanbeings.Helpingsomeonehasmanyadvantages.Itmakesyoufeelbetteraboutyourself,improvessomeone’slifeandmakestheworldabetterplace.Don’tknowwheretostart?Well,justsmileandbefriendly.Sometimesasimplelittlethinglikethiscanputasmileandawarmfeelinginsomeoneelse’sheart.Callacharitytovolunteer.Thenexttimeyouseesomeonepulledoverwithaflattireorinneedofhelp,stopandaskhowyoucanhelp.Takethetimetoteachsomeoneaskillyouknow.Comfortsomeoneingrief.Oftensomeonewhoissadorfrustratedjustneedssomeonewhowilllisten.Bepatient.Sometimespeoplecanhavedifficultyunderstandingthingsorlearningtodosomethingright.Findwaystoexpressyourlovetoothers,whethertheyareyourpartner,child,friends,co-workers,oracompletestranger.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWeald&DownlandLivingMuseumFunfact Over50historicbuildingsfromacrosstheWealdandDownlandareahavebeendismantled(拆除)andthenreconstructedacrossalovely40-acresiteintheSouthDownsnationalpark.Thecollectionofbuildingsrepresentsalmostathousandyearsofrurallifeinsouth-eastEngland:furnishedjustastheywouldhavebeeninthepast—completewiththehomes,farmsandpublicbuildings.There’sasenseofexploringarealvillageasyouwanderbetweenthemalonggreenpaths,stoppingtoclimbthestairsofa17th-centurycraftsman’s(工匠)cottagetolieonthestrawbedorshelteringfromashowerinasmoky,14th-centuryhall.GettingthereTheStagecoach60busservicefromChichestertoMidhurststopsjustfiveminutesawayatGroomsYard,Singleton.ThenearestrailwaystationsareChichester(2miles)andHaslemere(7miles).ThemuseumisonTownLaneinSingleton,reachedviatheA286fromChichestertoMidhurst.Parkingisfreeandtherearedisabledparkingspacesoppositethemuseumshop.Valueformoney?Yes.It’snotcheapbutit’saspecialexperiencethateasilyfillsaday.Plus,it’savaluablecauseworthsupporting.Adults￡14,children5-17andstudents￡6.50,under-4sfree,family￡38(twoadultsandtwochildren)or￡25(oneadultandthreechildren).OpeninghoursDaily10am-5pm(lastentry4pm).21.WhatcanvisitorsdoinWeald&DownlandLivingMuseum?A.Takeashowerinthehall.B.Stayovernightatacottage.C.Learnconstructiontechniques.D.Explorerurallifecenturiesago.22.Howmuchwouldacouplewiththeir5-year-oldtwinsonspayforadmission?A.￡25.B.￡34.5.C.￡38.D.￡41.23.WhatdoweknowaboutWeald&DownlandLivingMuseum?A.Itchargesparkingfees.B.Ithasvariedopeninghours.C.Itisinconvenientlylocatedforbusriders.D.Itoffersthedisabledthoughtfulservice.【答案】21.D22.C23.D【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Weald&Downland生活博物馆的相关信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Funfact部分中“Thecollectionofbuildingsrepresentsalmostathousandyearsofrurallifeinsouth-eastEngland:furnishedjustastheywouldhavebeeninthepast—completewiththehomes,farmsandpublicbuildings.There’sasenseofexploringarealvillageasyouwanderbetweenthemalonggreenpaths,stoppingtoclimbthestairsofa17th-centurycraftsman’s(工匠)cottagetolieonthestrawbedorshelteringfromashowerinasmoky,14th-centuryhall.(这组建筑代表了英格兰东南部近千年的乡村生活：家具和过去一样，包括住宅、农场和公共建筑。当你沿着绿色小径漫步在这些村庄之间，停下来爬上17世纪工匠小屋的楼梯，躺在稻草床上，或者在烟雾缭绕的14世纪大厅里躲雨时，你会有一种探索真实村庄的感觉)”可知，游客在Weald&Downland生活博物馆可以探索几个世纪前的乡村生活。故选D项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Valueformoney?部分中“family￡38(twoadultsandtwochildren)or￡25(oneadultandthreechildren).(家庭38英镑(两名成人和两名儿童)或25英镑(一名成人和三名儿童))”可知，一对夫妇和他们两个5岁的双胞胎儿子的门票是38英镑。故选C项。23题详解】细节理解题。根据Gettingthere部分中“Parkingisfreeandtherearedisabledparkingspacesoppositethemuseumshop.(停车场是免费的，博物馆商店对面有残疾人停车位)”可知，Weald&Downland生活博物馆有专门的残疾人停车位，为残障人士提供了体贴的服务。故选D项。BAnAmericanteacherwho helpedmakecollegeeducationaccessible tolow-income,immigrant,first-generationAmerican,andrefugee(难民)pupilshaswonthe$1millionGlobalTeacherPrize.KeishiaThorpe,anEnglishteacherinMaryland, wasselectedfrom more than8,000teachers in121countries.Ms.ThorpeteachesEnglishto12th-gradersattheInternationalHighSchoolLangleyPark,where95percentofpupilsarefromlow-incomefamilies.SheredesignedtheircoursesfortheEnglishdepartmenttomakeitculturallyrelevanttoherpupilswhoarefrommostlyAfrica,theMiddleEast,theCaribbean,andSouthAmerica.Sincethen,herEnglishlanguagelearnershaveshowna40percentincreaseintheirreading.Ms.Thorpespentalotoftimeencouragingherpupilstoapplyforcollegeandhelpedthemwiththeirapplicationsandaccessingfully-fundedscholarships.Shehelpedherseniorpupilsin2018–2019winmorethan$6.7millioninscholarshipsto11colleges,withmostofthemnothavingtopayfortheireducation.Sheplanstousetheprizemoneytogivelesswell-offpupilsanopportunityofreceivingathirdleveleducation.“EverypersondeservestherighttoeducationandIwanttobethatpersonwhochampionsthatforthem. Iplantousethemoneytohelpstudentsworldwideaccesshighereducation,”shesaid.“StudentsarethereasonI’mhere,soIplantousethattopromotethemandcreateabetterfutureforthem.”OrganizedbyUNESCOandfirstawardedin2015,theGlobalTeacherPrizeisanannualawardtoateacherwhohasmadeavastdifferencetotheprofession.ThewinnerofthisyearwasannouncedatavirtualceremonyinParisonNovember10th,2021.24.HowdoThorpe’sredesignedcoursesinfluenceherstudents?A.Studentshavespentmoretimereading.B.Studentsaremoreawareoftheirculture.C.Morelow-incomestudentsattendschool.D.Morestudentsapplyforcollegeeducation.25.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheGlobalTeacherPrize?A.Itdevotesmuchtocollegeeducation.B.Itfavorslow-incomeimmigrantteachers.C.Ittargetsteacherswithhugecontributions.D.ItencouragesreformsinEnglishteaching.26WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesThorpe?A.Selflessandstrict.B.Caringanddevoted.C.Frankandconsiderate.D.Talentedandhumorous.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AGoodTeacherEnsuresaBrightFutureB.TeacherPrizeHelpsRealizeStudents’DreamC.ImmigrantTeacherSharesHerMovingStoryD.HighSchoolTeacherWinsa$1MillionPrize【答案】24.A25.C26.B27.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了马里兰州的英语教师KeishiaThorpe获得了全球教师奖，并且赢得了100万美元的奖金。文章介绍了她所做出的的贡献以及全球教师奖的相关知识。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“SheredesignedtheircoursesfortheEnglishdepartmenttomakeitculturallyrelevanttoherpupilswhoarefrommostlyAfrica,theMiddleEast,theCaribbean,andSouthAmerica.Sincethen, herEnglishlanguagelearnershaveshowna40percentincreaseintheirreading.(她重新设计了英语系的课程，使其在文化上与她主要来自非洲、中东、加勒比地区和南美洲的学生相关。从那以后，她的英语学习者的阅读能力增长了40%)”可知，Thorpe重新设计的课程让学生们花了更多的时间阅读。故选A项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“OrganizedbyUNESCOandfirstawardedin2015,theGlobalTeacherPrizeisanannualawardtoateacherwhohasmadeavastdifferencetotheprofession.(全球教师奖由联合国教科文组织组织，于2015年首次颁发，每年颁发给为该专业做出巨大贡献的教师)”可知，全球教师奖针对有巨大贡献的教师。故选C项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Ms.Thorpespentalotoftimeencouragingherpupilstoapplyforcollegeandhelpedthemwiththeirapplicationsandaccessingfully-fundedscholarships.Shehelpedherseniorpupilsin2018–2019winmorethan$6.7millioninscholarshipsto11colleges,withmostofthemnothavingtopayfortheireducation.(Thorpe女士花了很多时间鼓励她的学生申请大学，帮助他们申请并获得全额奖学金。她在2018-2019年帮助她的高年级学生赢得了11所大学超过670万美元的奖学金，其中大多数学生无需支付学费)”以及倒数第二段“Sheplanstousetheprizemoneytogivelesswell-offpupilsanopportunityofreceivingathirdleveleducation.“EverypersondeservestherighttoeducationandIwanttobethatpersonwhochampionsthatforthem.Iplantousethemoneytohelpstudentsworldwideaccesshighereducation,”shesaid.“StudentsarethereasonI’mhere,soIplantousethattopromotethemandcreateabetterfutureforthem.”(她计划用这笔奖金给不太富裕的学生一个接受第三层次教育的机会。“每个人都有受教育的权利，我想成为那个为他们捍卫这一权利的人。我计划用这笔钱来帮助世界各地的学生接受高等教育。学生是我来到这里的原因，所以我打算用这一点来宣传他们，为他们创造更美好的未来。”)”可推知，Thorpe关心他人且乐于奉献。故选B项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“AnAmericanteacherwhohelpedmakecollegeeducationaccessibletolow-income,immigrant,first-generationAmerican,andrefugeepupilshaswonthe$1millionGlobalTeacherPrize.KeishiaThorpe,anEnglishteacherinMaryland,wasselectedfrommorethan8,000teacherin121countries.(一名帮助低收入、移民、第一代美国人和难民学生获得大学教育的美国教师赢得了100万美元的全球教师奖。马里兰州的英语教师KeishiaThorpe是从121个国家的8000多名教师中挑选出来的)”结合文章主要说明了马里兰州的英语教师KeishiaThorpe获得了全球教师奖，并且赢得了100万美元的奖金。文章介绍了她所做出的的贡献以及全球教师奖的相关知识。可知，D选项“高中教师赢得了100万美元的奖金”最符合文章标题。故选D项。 CTwohundredyearsago,theclockbegantocontroltheworldofwork.Paidonthebasisofhowmanyhourstheyworked,peoplerushedtoandfromwork.Theclock’spowermayatlastbeweakening.Flexibleworkingexistedwellbeforethepandemic?(疫情).Nowremoteworkinghasbroughtagreaterdegreeoffreedom.Asurveyof4,700home-workersacrosssixcountriesconductedbySlack,acorporate-messagingfirm,foundthatflexibleworkingwasviewedverypositively,improvingbothpeople’sworksitebalanceandproductivity.Flexibleworkersevenscoredmorehighlyonasenseofbelongingtotheirorganizationthanthoseonanine-to-fiveschedule.Itishardlysurprisingthatworkerspreferflexibility.Workinganeight-hourscheduleisrestricting.Thosearealsothehourswhenmostshopsareopen,andwhendoctorswilltakeappointments.Parentsonaconventionalroutinemaybeabletotaketheirchildrentoschoolinthemorningbutareunlikelytobeabletopickthemupintheafternoon.Itisalsonotastonishingthathome-workersfeeltheyaremoreproductive.Afterall,fewpeoplecanconcentrateforeighthoursonend.Therearepointsinthedaywherepeoplefeellikestaringoutofthewindoworgoingforawalk;thesemaybemomentswhentheyfindinspirationorrechargethemselvesforthenexttask.Whentheydothisinanoffice,theyrisktheboss’sdisapproval;athome,theycanworkwhentheyaremostmotivated.WhatisstrikingaboutSlack’sstudyisthewidespreadsupportforhome-working.OverallJust12%oftheworkerssurveyedwantedtoreturntoanormalofficeschedule.InAmericablack,AsianandHispanicemployeeswereevenmoreenthusiasticthantheirwhitecolleagues.Womenwithchildrenweregenerallyhappyaboutit,reportinganimprovementintheirwork-lifebalance.Ofcourse,thenewschedulecarriesdangers:peoplemayloseallseparationbetweenworkandhomelife.Tomaintainsomehumancontact,companiesmayadoptamixedmodelinwhichworkersgointotheofficeforpartoftheweek.Butoveralloffice-workers’freedomistobewelcomed.Theclockwasacrudmasterandmanypeoplewillbehappytoescapeitscontrol.28.Whatisthebenefitofremoteworkingaccordingtothetext?A.Workerscansparemoretimetowork.B.Workerscanbalanceworkandlifewell.C.Workerscanearnmoremoneybyworkingathome.D.Workerscantakemorejobstoincreasetheirincome.29.WhichproverbcanbequotedtosupportPara4?A.thereisawill,thereisaway. B.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.C.AllworkandnoplaymakeJackadullboy.D.Earlytobed,earlytorisemakesamanhealthy,wealthyandwise.30.WhichisimpressiveaboutSlack’sstudyonflexibleworking?A.Workers’preferenceforoffice-working.B.Workers’widespreadfavorofflexibleworking.C.Workers’greatworryaboutflexibleworking.D.Workers’productivityincreasedbyhome-working.31.Whatadviceisgiventocompaniesinterestedintakingthenewschedule?A.Tofixatimefortheiremployeestoworkintheoffice.B.Togivetheiremployeesasmuchfreedomastheyneed.C.Torequiretheiremployeestoseparateworkfromhomelife.D.Topraisetheiremployeesforbeingpunctualfortheirwork.【答案】28.B29.C30.B31.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。企业信息服务公司Slack对六个国家大约4700名居家办公员工进行了一项调查，发现弹性工作制受到了积极的看待，它能改善工作和生活的平衡，提高工作效率。文章分析了人们喜欢弹性工作制度的原因，也提出了居家办公可能带来的问题及对应解决办法。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Nowremoteworkinghasbroughtagreaterdegreeoffreedom.Asurveyof4.700home-workersacrosssixcountriesconductedbySlack,acorporate-messagingfirm,foundthatflexibleworkingwasviewedverypositively,improvingbothpeople’sworksitebalanceandproductivity.(现在远程工作带来了更大程度的自由。企业信息服务公司Slack对六个国家的4700名在家办公的员工进行了一项调查。调查发现，弹性工作制受到了非常积极的看待，它能改善办公场所的平衡，提高工作效率。)”可知，在家远程办公可以改善办公场所的平衡，即平衡工作和生活，提高工作效率。故选B项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容“Itisalsonotastonishingthathome-workersfeeltheyaremoreproductive.Afterall,fewpeoplecanconcentrateforeighthoursonend.Therearepointsinthedaywherepeoplefeellikestaringoutofthewindoworgoingforawalk;thesemaybemomentswhentheyfindinspirationorrechargethemselvesforthenexttask.Whentheydothisinanoffice,theyrisktheboss’sdisapproval;athome,theycanworkwhentheyaremostmotivated.(在家工作的人觉得自己效率更高，这也不足为奇。毕竟，很少有人能连 续8小时集中注意力。一天中总有一些时候，人们想盯着窗外或出去散步；这可能是他们为下一个任务找到灵感或充电的时刻。他们在办公室这样做时，老板可能会反对；在家里，他们可以在最有动力的时候工作。)”可知，很难有人能连续8小时集中注意力，人们在工作间隙需要放松，而这种放松有时能给他们带来灵感，或者能以更好的状态做接下来的工作；但是在办公室里忙里偷闲会让老板不悦，而在家里则不会。由此可推知，此处其实就是在说明人需要劳逸结合，如果只工作，不休息的话，人的身体会支撑不住。C项“AllworkandnoplaymakeJackadullboy.(只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。)”与本段内容相符。故选C项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中“WhatisstrikingaboutSlack’sstudyisthewidespreadsupportforhome-working.(Slack的研究引人注目的地方在于，人们普遍支持在家办公。)”可知，Slack的研究引人注目之处在于人们普遍支持在家办公。故选B项。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Ofcourse,thenewschedulecarriesdangers:peoplemayloseallseparationbetweenworkandhomelife.Tomaintainsomehumancontact,companiesmayadoptamixedmodelinwhichworkersgointotheofficeforpartoftheweek.(当然，新的工作时间表也有危险：人们可能会失去工作和家庭生活之间的所有分隔。为了保持一些人际联系，公司可能会采取一种混合模式，即员工每周有一部分时间去办公室。)”可知，为了解决新工作时间表打来的问题，公司可以采用混合模式，即每周抽一部分时间到办公室办公。故选A项。DForbreeding(繁殖)birds,timingiseverything.Mostspecieshavejustanarrowwindowtogetthefoodtheyneedtofeedchicks.Now,afteranalyzingdatathatspanfrom1975to2017,ascienceteamsuggeststhatastheclimatewarms,birdsarenotonlybreedingearlier,buttheirbreedingwindowsarealsonarrowed—somebyasmanyas4to5days.Onaverage,thebeginningsandendsofthebreedingperiodsareoccurringearlierintheyear.However,theendsareshiftingbackfasterthanthebeginnings,resultinginanaveragebreedingwindowthatis1.7daysshorterin2017thanitwasin1975.Duringthatsameperiod,Finland’saveragetemperatureroseby0.8℃,suggestingmanybirdspeciesareactivelyrespondingtochangingtemperatures,Hällfors,wholedtheteam,says.“It’sgoodforthespeciesifit’sabletofollowtheoptimumconditionsastheclimatechanges,”shesays.However,theshorterbreedingwindowsmeanmorebirdsarebreedingearlierintheseason—ariskytimeforchicks’survival,especiallyiftheweatherturnssuddenlycold.Inaddition,becausemanylate-seasonspeciesareshiftingtheirbreedingwindowsup,thatcouldmeanmorecompetitionforfoodandnestingsitesearlyon,leavingsomechicks togohungry.LucynaHalupka,anecologistattheUniversityofWroclaw,callsthestudy“averyimportantpaper”becauseit’soneofthefewwaystomeasurethebreedingperiodduration.For2decades,shesays,manyscientistsstudyingbirdsandclimatechangehavelookedonlyattheearliest,median(中间的),ormeanlayingdatesforspecificgroupsofbirds.However,sheremindsthatbecausethestudyislimitedtoFinland,thefindingsmaynotapplyuniversally;futurestudiesshouldexaminehowbreedingseasonsmoveinotherregionswheretheeffectofclimatechangeisdifferent.Theyshouldalsotrytodeterminehowshiftingbreedingwindowsaffectpopulationsizes,shesays.32.Whatdidthescientistsfind?A.TheweatherinFinlandbecomeswarmer.B.Itisbecomingmoredifficultforbirdstobreed.C.ThebirdsinFinlandspendfewerdaysbreeding.D.Thereisn’tenoughfoodforsomechicksinFinland.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“optimum”inparagraph3mean?A.Exact.B.Proper.C.Changeable.D.Dangerous.34.WhatisthesignificanceofthestudyaccordingtoLucyna?A.Itiscarriedoutinadifferentway.B.Itishelpfulforpeopletoprotectthebirds.C.Itopensawindowforpeopletolearnaboutthesebirds.D.Itdemonstratesthelivingsituationofthebirdsonearth.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ScientistsRevealedtheSecretsofBirds’BreedingB.ScientistsTakeStepstoProtecttheBirdsintheWildC.BirdsPlayaRoleinFightingAgainstGlobalWarmingD.Birds’BreedingWindowsAreAffectedbyGlobalWarming【答案】32.C33.B34.A35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文中主要介绍了芬兰的一个研究小组发现：受气候变暖的影响，一些鸟类的繁殖期缩短了。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Now,afteranalyzingdatathatspanfrom1975to2017,ascienceteamsuggeststhatastheclimatewarms,birdsarenotonlybreedingearlier,buttheirbreedingwindowsarealsonarrowed—somebyasmanyas4to5days.（现在，在分析了从1975年到2017 年的数据后，一个科学团队认为，随着气候变暖，鸟类不仅繁殖得更早，而且它们的繁殖窗口也变窄了——有些缩短了4到5天。）”以及第三段中“However,theshorterbreedingwindowsmeanmorebirdsarebreedingearlierintheseason”（然而，较短的繁殖期意味着更多的鸟在季节提前繁殖）描述可知，这些科学家发现受气候变暖的影响，一些鸟类的繁殖期缩短了。故选C项。2.词义猜测题。根据第二段“Duringthatsameperiod,Finland’saveragetemperatureroseby0.8℃,suggestingmanybirdspeciesareactivelyrespondingtochangingtemperatures,Hällfors,wholedtheteam,says.（在同一时期，芬兰的平均气温上升了0.8℃，这表明许多鸟类正在积极应对温度的变化，Hällfors领导了该团队。）”这里提到了气温上升这一温度变化，这是一个不错的繁殖条件，以及“‘It’sgoodforthespeciesifit’sabletofollowtheoptimumconditionsastheclimatechanges,’shesays.However,theshorterbreedingwindowsmeanmorebirdsarebreedingearlierintheseason—ariskytimeforchicks’survival,especiallyiftheweatherturnssuddenlycold.（如果它能够随着气候变化而适应optimum条件，这对物种来说是好事。”她说。然而，更短的繁殖窗口意味着更多的鸟类在季节的早些时候繁殖，这对雏鸟的生存来说是一个危险的时间，尤其是在天气突然变冷的时候。）”可知，however表示转折，后面指出然而现实是鸟类繁殖窗口更短，前面说如果能适应最佳条件，是好事。也就是“恰当的条件”。故选B项。3.细节理解题。根据第四段首句中“becauseit’soneofthefewwaystomeasurethebreedingperiodduration（因为这是为数不多的衡量繁殖周期的方法之一）”可知，LucynaHalupka把这项研究认为是“非常重要的一页”是因为这个小组是以不同的方式进行了这项研究。也就是这项研究的意义所在。故选A项。4.主旨大意题。根据第一段“Now,afteranalyzingdatathatspanfrom1975to2017,ascienceteamsuggeststhatastheclimatewarms,birdsarenotonlybreedingearlier,buttheirbreedingwindowsarealsonarrowed—somebyasmanyas4to5days.（现在，在分析了从1975年到2017年的数据后，一个科学团队认为，随着气候变暖，鸟类不仅繁殖得更早，而且它们的繁殖窗口也变窄了——有些缩短了4到5天。）”可知，文中主要介绍了芬兰的一个研究小组发现，受气候变暖的影响，一些鸟类的繁殖期缩短了。因此D项“鸟类的繁殖期受到全球变暖的影响。”可为本文最佳标题。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Conscious(有意识的)livingisnotjustatrend.____36____Itisaboutbeingintentionalwitheverythingyoudo—yourwords,actions,beliefs,habits,andchoices.Acceptingconsciouslivingtakessomeeffort,butitisworthwhile.Herearesomewaysyoucanachievethisgoal.●Beconsciousaboutyourtime.Timeisthemostpreciousthingbecausethereisnowaytoliveamomentagain.____37____Ifyouwaste yourprecioushoursdoingnegativethings,youwillregretitlater.Thefirststepforlivingconsciouslyistobewiseaboutyourtime.Beselectiveaboutthingsyouspenditon,andallocate(分配)itforpositiveactivities.●____38____Youcannotachievethemunlessyouunderstandyourneedsandintentions.Itiseasiersaidthandonebecausemostpeoplefailtomakeanefforttoknowthemselves.Spendtimethinkingoverandknowingyourstrengthsandweaknesses.Onceyouknowyourselfbetter,youcancreateaplantoworktowardsbecomingmorepatient,honest,andforgiving.●Learntobegrateful.Gratitudetakesyoualongwaytowardsconsciousliving.Itopensyouuptoahappierandafulfilledmindset.Mostpeopleareunhappybecausetheyseeonlythenegativesinlife.However,everyonehassomethingtobegratefulfor.Writingagratitudejournalisagoodstartforcountingyourblessings.____39____●Believeinyourself.Itisthekeytomakingtherightchoices,yetnotregrettingthewrongones.____40____Spendingtimealoneandthinkingdeeplyareeffectivemeasuresthatenableyoutoidentifytheinnervoice.Careforitandfollowittomakeitstrongerdowntheline.Consciouslivingisaskillyouneedtolearnasyougo,sobewillingtomaketheeffortandmasterit.Youwillabsorbitsoonandbeahappierpersoninthelongrun.A.Knowyourselfbetter.B.Acceptthepersonyouare.C.Lifecanbealotbetterwiththerightdecisions.D.Itisahealthychoicethatenablesyoutobehappy.E.Pickitasadailyhabit,andyouwillnoticethedifference.F.Thewayyouspendyourtimedeterminesthecourseofyourlife.G.Thebestwaytobuildself-beliefisbyreflectingonyourownthoughts.【答案】36.D37.F38.A39.E40.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何学会有意识地生活。【36题详解】根据上文“Conscious(有意识的)livingisnotjustatrend.(有意识的生活不仅仅是一种时尚)”中“notjust”可知，有意识的生活不仅仅是一种时尚，因此下文会更一进定义有意识的生活，D“Itisahealthychoicethatenablesyoutobehappy.(它是一种健康的选择，能让你快乐)” 提出有意识的生活还能带来快乐，与上文构成递进关系，句中代词it指代上文中“Conscious(有意识的)living”。故选D项。【37题详解】上文“Timeisthemostpreciousthingbecausethereisnowaytoliveamomentagain.(时间是最宝贵的东西，因为没有办法让一个瞬间重来)”分析了时间宝贵的原因，F项“Thewayyouspendyourtimedeterminesthecourseofyourlife.(你如何利用时间，决定了你的人生轨迹)”承接上文，说明利用时间对人生的重意义，照应本段主题“Beconsciousaboutyourtime.(要意识到你的时间)”，上下文语意连贯一致。故选F项。【38题详解】设空处是本段标题，根据下文“Youcannotachievethemunlessyouunderstandyourneedsandintentions.Itiseasiersaidthandonebecausemostpeoplefailtomakeanefforttoknowthemselves.Spendtimethinkingoverandknowingyourstrengthsandweaknesses.Onceyouknowyourselfbetter,youcancreateaplantoworktowardsbecomingmorepatient,honest,andforgiving.(除非你了解自己的需求和意图，否则你无法实现这些目标。这说起来容易做起来难，因为大多数人都没有努力去了解自己。花点时间思考并了解自己的优点和缺点。一旦你更了解自己，你就可以制定一个计划，让自己变得更有耐心、诚实和宽容)”可知，本段主要讲要去了解自己，所以A项“Knowyourselfbetter.(更好地了解自己)”是最佳标题。故选A项。【39题详解】上文“Writingagratitudejournalisagoodstartforcountingyourblessings.(写感恩日记是一个计算你所拥有的幸福的良好开端)”提出用写日记的方式来学会感恩，E项“Pickitasadailyhabit,andyouwillnoticethedifference.(把它作为一种日常习惯，你会发现其中的不同)”承接上文，建议让写感恩日记变成一种习惯，上下文语意连贯；句中it指代上文中“Writingagratitudejournal”。故选E项。【40题详解】根据小标题“Believeinyourself.(相信自己)”可知，本段主要讲相信自己，即建立自信，G项“Thebestwaytobuildself-beliefisbyreflectingonyourownthoughts.(建立自信的最好方法是反思自己的想法)”提出方法，上下语意连贯。故选G项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Therearesomedisabledpeopleintheworldwhofightanunseenbattlewithinthemselveseveryday.Theynevercryor___41___,butwithabigsmileontheirface.Icallsuchpeople___42___becausetheyknowtheartoflivinglife.Aboutnineyearsago,Iwasinacaraccident.Thedriverslept,andthecarfellintheditch.Asaresult,Isuffered___43___injuries:theradiusandulna(挠骨和尺骨)ofmyrightarmwere___44___;thelungsandliverswere badlyinjured.Butwhatchangedmeandmylife___45___wastheinjuryofspine(脊柱).Manypeoplecameto___46___me.Theydidtrytofindanambulancebut___47___.SoIwasthrowninthebackofajeepand___48___tothenearbyhospital,whereIwentthroughthreemajorandtwominor___49___.ThedaysIspentinthehospitalwere____50____.Iwasinseverepain,especiallypsychologically.Iwas____51____withwearingthehospitalgown,lyinginthewardandlookingatthewhitewalls.Iwasso____52____thatIfeltlifewaspointlessand____53____.ButthenIrealizedinsteadofcryingforwhatIhadlost,Iwasgoingtofightagainstmyfate.Thus,therecamethebest____54____thatItookinmyentirelifepainting,amagicwaytocolormylife.That’showthisexperiencehelpedmein____55____anartistinme.Sobegrateful,bealive,andliveeverymoment.41.A.prayB.insistC.forgiveD.complain42.A.survivorsB.victimsC.fightersD.painters43.A.slightB.personalC.ordinaryD.multiple44.A.cutB.curedC.brokenD.separated45.A.graduallyB.completelyC.desperatelyD.fortunately46.A.comfortB.searchC.controlD.rescue47.A.invainB.insorrowC.introubleD.inrelief48.A.admittedB.walkedC.rushedD.showed49.A.experimentsB.surgeriesC.examinationsD.cooperations50.A.joyfulB.dreadfulC.helpfulD.regretful51.A.fedupB.filledupC.keptupD.caughtup52.A.frustratedB.scaredC.tenseD.angry53.A.endlessB.colorlessC.limitlessD.priceless54.A.timeB.beliefC.decisionD.opportunity55.A.exploringB.investingC.introducingD.encouraging【答案】41D42.C43.D44.C45.B46.D47.A48.C49.B50.B51.A52.A53.B54.C55.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者认为身上有残疾但依然保持笑容的人是生活的斗士。作者引用自己的经历说明了要感恩，要活在当下。 【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们从不哭泣或抱怨，但是脸上挂着灿烂的笑容。A.pray祈祷；B.insist坚持；C.forgive原谅；D.complain抱怨。根据上文“Theynevercry(他们从不哭泣)”以及下文“butwithabigsmileontheirface(但是脸上挂着灿烂的笑容)”可知，空白处应填与“哭泣”表示相近含义的动词，分析四个选项，D项“complain(抱怨)”表达的含义与句子表达的含义一致，故选D项。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我称这些人为斗士，因为他们懂得过日子的艺术。A.survivors幸存者；B.victims受害者；C.fighters斗士；D.painters画家。根据文章第一句“Therearesomedisabledpeopleintheworldwhofightanunseenbattlewithinthemselveseveryday.(世界上有一些残疾人每天都在自己内心进行一场看不见的战斗)”以及空白处下文“becausetheyknowtheartoflivinglife.(因为他们懂得过日子的艺术)”可知，作者认为这些虽然残疾，但是很顽强很乐观，是生活的斗士，故选C项。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果，我多处受伤：右臂桡骨和尺骨骨折，肺部和肝脏严重受伤。A.slight轻微的；B.personal个人的；C.ordinary普通的；D.multiple多重的；复杂的。根据下文“theradiusandulnaofmyrightarmwerebroken,thelungsandliverswerebadlyinjured(右臂桡骨和尺骨骨折，肺部和肝脏严重受伤)”可知作者多处受伤，故选D项。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词辨析。句意：同上。A.cut切；B.cured治愈的；C.broken破碎的；骨折的；D.separated分开的；根据上文“Asaresult,Isufferedmultipleinjuries(结果，我多处受伤)”可知作者的右胳膊骨折，故选C项。【45题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但脊椎的受伤彻底改变了我和我的生活。A.gradually逐渐地；B.completely完全地；C.desperately绝望地；D.fortunately幸运地。根据下文“theinjuryofspine(脊椎受伤)”以及“Ifeltlifewaspointless(我觉得生活毫无意义)”可知，脊椎受伤使作者感到生活毫无意义，完全改变了他，故选B项。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人过来救我。A.comfort安慰；B.search寻找；C.control控制；D.rescue拯救。根据下文“Theydidtrytofindanambulance(他们确实试图找一辆救护车)”可知，许多人过来救作者，故选D项。【47题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：他们确实试图找一辆救护车但徒劳无功。A.invain徒劳无功；B.insorrow 在悲伤中；C.introuble在麻烦中；D.inrelief如释重负。根据下文“SoIwasthrowninthebackofajeep(所以我被扔进了吉普车的后座上)”可知，人们没有找到救护车，故选A项。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是，我被扔到一辆吉普车后面，被紧急送往附近的医院，在那里我做了三次大手术和两次小手术。A.admitted承认；B.walked走；C.rushed快速送；D.showed展示。根据下文“nearbyhospital(附近的医院)”可知，作者被匆忙送往医院，故选C项。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.experiments实验；B.surgeries手术；C.examinations考试；D.cooperations合作。根据上文“theradiusandulnaofmyrightarmwerebroken,thelungsandliverswerebadlyinjured(右臂桡骨和尺骨骨折，肺部和肝脏严重受伤)”以及“Iwentthroughthreemajorandtwominor(在那里我经历了三次大的……和两次小的……)”可推理出，作者受伤严重，被送往医院进行手术，故选B项。【50题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在医院度过的日子太痛苦了。A.joyful快乐的；B.dreadful令人痛苦的；C.helpful有益的；D.regretful后悔的。根据下文“Iwasinseverepain,especiallypsychologically.(我当时非常痛苦，尤其是在心理上)”可知作者在医院里很痛苦，故选B项。【51题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我受够了穿着医院的长袍，躺在病房里看着白墙。A.befedupwith受够了的；B.befilledupwith用……装满；C.bekeptupwith赶上；D.becaughtupwith追上。根据下文“Ifeltlifewaspointless(我感到生活毫无意义)”可知，作者情绪低落，受够了在医院的日子，故选A项。【52题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我非常沮丧，觉得生活毫无意义，毫无生气。A.frustrated沮丧的；B.scared恐惧的；C.tense紧张的；D.angry生气的。根据下文“Ifeltlifewaspointless(我感到生活毫无意义)”可知作者感到很沮丧，故选A项。【53题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.endless无穷无尽的；B.colorless毫无生气的；C.limitless无限制的；D.priceless无价的。根据上文“Ifeltlifewaspointless(我感到生活毫无意义)”可知作者此刻情绪低落，认为生活没有意义，根据并列连词and可知空白处应填与“pointless(毫无意义的)”含义相近的形容词，分析四个选项，B项“colorless(毫无生气的)”与句子表达的含义一致，故选B项。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，我做出了一生中最好的决定—— 绘画，一种给我的生活上色的神奇方式。A.time时间；B.belief信念；C.decision决定；D.opportunity机会。根据下文“painting,amagicwaytocolormylife.(绘画，一种给我的生活上色的神奇方式)”可知，作者做出了一个决定，故选C项。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是这段经历如何帮助我在我自己身上探索的艺术家。A.exploring探索；B.investing投资；C.introducing介绍；D.encouraging鼓励。根据上文“Thus,therecamethebestdecisionthatItookinmyentirelifepainting,amagicwaytocolormylife.(因此，我做出了一生中最好的决定——绘画，一种给我的生活上色的神奇方式)”可知作者开始探索绘画，故选A项。第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.JingxiTaipingDrumisatraditionalformofdancing.Withitsdisplayofprofoundculturalelements,it____56____(include)inthefirstbatch(批次)ofChina’snationalintangibleculturalheritage(非物质文化遗产)itemsin2006.The____57____(early)historicalreferencesofthisartdatebacktotheSpringandAutumnPeriod.AtthebeginningoftheQingDynasty,itstartedtogain____58____(popular)inandaroundthecapital,andthenitwasintroducedtoMentougouDistrictofBeijing.Inancienttimes,thedrumswereplayed____59____NewYear’sEveattheimperialpalacetobringpeace.Asaresult,theperformancealsobecameknownasthe“NewYearDrum”byBeijingers.Thistypeofdrumdanceis____60____(common)seenperformedduringthelastandfirstmonthofthelunaryearinmanylocalfestiveactivities,thusexpressing____61____(people)hopeofapeacefulandprosperousyeartocome.Duringagivenperformance,drummersperformvariousdancemoveswhile____62____(hold)thedrumintheirlefthandsandamalletintheirrighthands.TraditionalChineseaesthetic(美学的)conceptsarereflectedinthedrumplaying,allof____63____representdistinctivelocalfeatures.Inthepastdecades,efforts____64____(make)byMentougouDistricttopreservethissignaturefolkdanceculture.Today,thetime-honoredfolkartoftheJingxiTaipingDrumisbeingtakenupbytheyoungpeople_____65_____ispresentingitslivelyartisticcharm(魅力)onaglobalstage.【答案】56.wasincluded57.earliest58.popularity59.on60.commonly61.people’s62.holding 63.which64.havebeenmade65.and【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我国的非物质文化遗产京西太平鼓。【56题详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：它展示了深厚的文化元素，于2006年被列入第一批中国国家非物质文化遗产项目。分析句子可知，空处作谓语，时间状语为in2006，时态宜用一般过去时，include和主语it之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语是单数，be动词用was。故填wasincluded。【57题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：这种艺术最早的历史记载可以追溯到春秋时期。结合句意可推知，此处表示“最早的历史记载”，空处应用early的最高级形式earliest，意为“最早的”。故填earliest。【58题详解】考查名词。句意：清初，它开始在首都及其周边地区流行起来，然后传入北京门头沟区。分析句子可知，空处作gain的宾语，应用popular的名词形式popularity，意为“流行”，是不可数名词。故填popularity。【59题详解】考查介词。句意：在古代，鼓声在除夕夜在皇宫里响起，以带来和平。结合句意可知，此处表示“在除夕夜”，NewYear’sEve是具体的时间，空处应用介词on。故填on。【60题详解】考查副词。句意：在农历的最后一个月和第一个月，在许多当地的节日活动中都可以看到这种鼓乐的表演，从而表达了人们对来年和平繁荣的希望。分析句子可知，空处修饰谓语动词seen，应用common的副词形式commonly，意为“通常”。故填commonly。【61题详解】考查名词所有格。句意：在农历的最后一个月和第一个月，在许多当地的节日活动中都可以看到这种鼓乐的表演，从而表达了人们对来年和平繁荣的希望。分析句子可知，空处作hope的定语，表示“人们的希望”，应用people的所有格形式people’s。故填people’s。【62题详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：在给定的表演中，鼓手左手拿着鼓，右手拿着木槌，表演各种舞蹈动作。分析句子可知，此处用了while引导时间状语从句，且从句的主语和主句的主语一致，从句中含有be动词，对主语和be动词进行了省略，hold和被省略的主语drummers之间是主动关系，应用hold的现在分词形式holding。故填holding。【63题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：中国传统的审美观念体现在击鼓中，这些都代表着鲜明的地方特色。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词thedrumplaying进行补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作of的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。【64题详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几十年里，门头沟区一直在努力保护这一标志性的民间舞蹈文化。分析句子可知，空处作谓语，时间状语为Inthepastdecades，时态宜用现在完成时，make和主语efforts之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，且主语为复数，助动词用have。故填havebeenmade。【65题详解】考查连词。句意：今天，京西太平鼓这一古老的民间艺术正在被年轻人发扬光大，并在世界舞台上展示着它生动的艺术魅力。分析句子可知，空处需连接前后两个谓语isbeingtaken…和ispresenting…，表示并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)66.假定你在英国留学，所居住的公寓来了一位新邻居，他养的狗晚上经常狂吠，影响你的休息，其他邻居也很反感。请你给新邻居写留言，希望他能够解决此问题。要点如下:1.自我介绍；2.反馈问题；3.希望对方采取行动，解决问题。注意:1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dearneighbour,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Sincerely,Neighbour 【答案】Onepossibleversion:Dearneighbour,Iamaresidentinthisapartment,rightnexttoyou.AsIlivewiththreedogs,Iamveryhappytoknowthatmyneighbouralsokeepsapetdog.However,thenoiseofbarkingandyellingfromyourroomatnightissoloudanddisturbingthatIcannotrelaxinmyapartment.Manyofmyapartmentneighborsalsoseriouslycomplainaboutthisnoise.Iwantimmediateactiontosolvethisurgentproblem.Pleasetakemeasurestopreventthenoiseatnight.Ihopetohearfromyousoon.Sincerely,Neighbour【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生根据提示，给邻居写一封留言。由于邻居养的狗晚上经常狂吠，影响你的休息，其他邻居也很反感，希望他能够解决此问题。【详解】1.词汇积累开心的：happy→pleased严重地：seriously→badly立即的：immediate→instant解决：solve→settle2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Iwantimmediateactiontosolvethisurgentproblem.拓展句：ThemostimportantisthatIwantimmediateactiontosolvethisurgentproblem.【点睛】【高分句型1】AsIlivewiththreedogs,Iamveryhappytoknowthatmyneighbouralsokeepsapetdog.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和as引导的状语从句）【高分句型2】However,thenoiseofbarkingandyellingfromyourroomatnightissoloudanddisturbingthatIcannotrelaxinmyapartment.(运用了so...that...引导的结果状语从句)第二节(满分25分)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。IhadstoppedattheSwindonservices(服务区)whileonmywaybacktoLondon.AsIdroveupthesliproad,Ispottedamanwithabackpackandhisthumb(拇指)out.Ipulledoverandloweredthewindow.“Whichwayareyouheading?”Iasked.“I’mgoingbacktoLondon.”“Ah,thatwouldbegrand,”camehisimmediatereply.Heopenedthedoorandliftedhisbackpackontothe backseat.“I’mBrendan,”hesaidwithaneasysmileandarichIrish(爱尔兰)tongue.“Iwasgettingabitdesperate.I’vehadmythumboutforadayandhalf.Nobodyseemstostopthesedays.”“Ihaven’teatenindays,”saidBrendan.“I’mtryingtogethome.”I’vealwaysenjoyedpickinguphitchhikers.Iusedtobeamotoringjournalistandcrossedthecountryinvarioustestcars.PickingupahikeralwaysmademefeelalittlelessguiltyaboutallthemilesIwasdoing.Asweheadedeastalongthemotorway,Brendantoldmehowhecametobewaitingforaliftonthatparticularevening,andalsoaboutthetworecentfamilytragedies(悲剧)thathadruinedhimandpushedhimoutofhisoldlifeandontotheroad.Brendantoldmethathewas52.Helaughedalotandenjoyedhisoff-grid(不入网的)lifestyle.Untillastweek,thatis,whenhe’dbeenmugged(抢劫).“ThreeyoungmeninBirminghamtookmyotherpackandithadallmymoneyinit.I’vebeensleepingoutsincethen.Ihaven’teatenindays.I’mhopingtogetsomecasualworkinLondon,soIcanthengetmyselfhometoIreland.”Itmusthavebeentheconceptofhomethatgotme,andhelpingamanwho’dclearlyhadatoughtimeseemedliketherightthingtodo.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。AswewereapproachingtheHeathrowturn-off(希思罗机场岔道),Ihadanidea.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Beforehelefttobuyhisairticket,hegavemeahugehug.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion: AswewereapproachingtheHeathrowturn-off,Ihadanidea.“Whydon’tIjustdropyouattheairportnow?”Isaid.“I’llbuyyouaticketandyoucanflyhome.”“That’ssokindofyou,”hereplied.Then,afterapause,“andpleasedon’tworry.I’lldefinitelywireyouthemoneywhenIgethome.”Ipulledontotheairportavenueandsoondroppedhimoffoutsidetheterminalbuilding.Iwenttoacashpoint,gotout10shinynew20notesandhandedthemover.Hetookthemoneyandthankedmeagainandagain.Beforehelefttobuyhisairticket,hegavemeahugehug.Hetookmyphonenumberandsaidhe’dcallassoonashecouldtoarrangethetransfer.IbidfarewelltohimwithoutanyrealideawhetherI’deverseethemanorthemoneyagain.AsIdrovethefinalmilestomyownhouseinLondon,IfelthappierthinkingaboutBrendan.Heaskedforhelp,foralifttogethome,andingoodfaithIgavethemtohim.That’sgottobeagoodthing.【解析】【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述作者在回伦敦的路上遇到一个中年人示意要搭便车，作者让他上了车。在和此人聊天的过程中了解到他的生活不易，更糟糕的是，他在上周还被三个年轻人抢劫了。他已经好几天没吃东西，希望可以在伦敦找份工作，挣些回爱尔兰的路费。听了男人的故事，作者决定帮助他。【详解】1.段落续写：①根据第一段首句“当我们快到希思罗机场的岔路口时，我有了一个主意。”可知，下文可描写作者的主意是什么——送男人去机场并给他买回家的机票，以及男人的反应。②根据第二段首句“在他去买机票之前，他给了我一个大大的拥抱。”可知，下文可描写男人留下联系方式承诺还钱。但作者当时并不在乎会不会收到钱，因为帮助了一个需要帮助的人，作者非常感到非常快乐，这是比金钱更难得的。2.续写线索：想到一个主意——把想法告诉男人——男人感激并承诺还钱——到达机场给钱买票——男人感激——作者的反应——感悟3.词类激活行为类①回答：reply/respond/answer②提供：give/offer③担心：worry/beconcerned/beworried情绪类①感激：thank/showgratitude/showappreciation②高兴的：happy/delighted/pleased【点睛】[高分句型1]Hetookmyphonenumberandsaidhe’dcallassoonashecouldtoarrangethetransfer. （运用了assoonas引导的时间状语从句）[高分句型2]AsIdrovethefinalmilestomyownhouseinLondon,IfelthappierthinkingaboutBrendan.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句）[高分句型3]IbidfarewelltohimwithoutanyrealideawhetherI’deverseethemanorthemoneyagain.（运用了whether引导的同位语从句）