人教版选修六课件Unit 5 The power of nature Grammar

Period4grammarReviewtheusageof–ingform.Examinethesentencesbeloewanddiscussinwhatwaythestructuressimilartoeachotherandinwhatwaytheyaredifferent Lookingcarefullyattheground,Imademywaytotheedgeofthecrater.The–ingformusedasanadverbialHavingexperiencedquiteafewearthquakesinHawaiialready,Ididn’ttakemuchnotice.Having+pastparticiple(theperfect–ingform)torefertoanactionthattookplacebeforethetimeexpressedbymainverb. 小结-ing形式的用法1.–ing形式作状语 用法例句时间Walkingalongthestreet,ImetMary.(=WhileIwaswalkingalongthestreet….)在街上走的时候，我遇到了玛丽。原因Beingtired,Istoppedtotakearest.(=BecauseIwastired,….)因为疲倦，我停下来休息。条件Turningtotheleft,youwillfindtheschoo.(=Ifyouturntotheleft,….)向左走，你就会找到那个学校 让步KnowingwhereIlive,henevercometoseeme.(=ThoughheknowswhereIlive,….)尽管他知道我的住处，但从不来看我。伴随Istoodthere,waitingforher.(=…,andwaitedforher.)我站在那儿等她。结果Itrainedheavily,causingseverefloodinginthearea.(=Itrainedheavilysothatitcausedseverefloodinginthearea.)在这个地方雨下的如此大，以至引发了洪灾。 2.–ing形式的完成式句型主动Having+p.p.…,主语+谓语被动(Havingbeen)+p.p.…,主语+谓语用法–ing形式的完成式所表示的时间在谓语动词之前表示被动可直接用过却分词例句Havingfinishedmywork,Iwenthome.(=AfterIhadfinishedmywork,….)工作做完只后，我就回家了。 例句(Havingbeen)writteninhaste,thebookhassomefaults.这本书因仓促写成，所以有些缺憾。 3.使用-ing形式需注意的几个问题。 分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。MywifehadalongtalkwithSally,explainingwhyshedidn’twantthechildrentoplaytogether我妻子与莎莉谈了很长时间，解释她为什么不想让孩子们在一起玩。(现在分词explaining是句子主语mywife做的动作，它们之间是主动 关系,即explaining的逻辑主语，就是句子的主语mywife。)Thetrainhavinggone,wehadtowaitanotherday.（thetrain逻辑主语+havinggone既为独立主格结构） 分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词或介词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词(如but，and)，因为并列连词接的是两个并列成分，而分词短语只是全句的一个状语部分。分词和主句之间可用逗号。 例如:误:Havingbeentoldmanytimes，buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit。正:Hewastoldmanytimes,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit。或Havingbeentoldmanytimes，hestillcouldn’tunderstandit。 -ing的一般式和完成式现在分词都可以表示先后接连发生的动作。在可能引起误解的场合应该用完成式现在分词表示先发生的动作。 例如:Openingthedrawer，hetookouthiswallet.(=Heopenedthedrawerandtookouthiswallet.)他打开抽屉，拿出钱包。Comingintotheroom，heputdownhisbag.(=hecameintotheroomandputdownhisbag.)他走进房间，放下提包。 Havingbrushedhisteeth，Mr.Browncamedownstairsforbreakfast.布朗先生刷过牙，就下楼来吃早饭。(此句如写成:Brushinghisteeth,Mr.Browncamedownstairsforbreakfast.可能指“边刷牙，边下楼’。) 分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上not,never等否定词构成。例如:Notfearingthefire,thechildtouchedandgotafingerburnt.小孩儿不知道怕火，用手去摸，把手指烫了。Notknowinghowtofindthesubway,Iaskedapolicemanforhelp.我不知道怎样找到地铁，就去找警察帮忙。 Ex:Rewritethesentencesusingthepresenortheperfect–ingformoftheunderlinedverbs.Thefirsttwohavedoneforyou. 1.Whentheyheardaboutthevolcanotheyrandowntothevillage.hearingaboutthevolcano,theyrandowntothevillage. 2.Afterthescientistshadstudiedtheinformationtheypredictedthatthelavawouldflowthroughthevillage.havingstudiedtheinformation,thescientistspredictedthatthelavawouldflowthroughthevillage. 3.BecauseIhadexperiencedearthquakesbefore,Iwasn’tfrightened.Havingexperiencedearthquakesbefore,Iwasn’tfrightened. 4.Whenshewokeupinthemiddleofthenightshesawherroomwasaslightasday.wakingupinthemiddleofthenight,shesawherroomwasaslightasday. 5.Assoonaswehadstoppedthecar,weputonourprotectiveclothing.havingstoppedthecar,weimmediatelyputonourprotectiveclothing. 6.Becauselhadspentallnightwatchingthevolcanoerupting,Iwasverytiredthenextday.havingspentallnightwatchingthevolcanoerupting,Iwasverytiredthenextday. 7.AsIcameoutofmyhouse,Isawthevolcanoerupting.Comingoutofmyhouse,Isawthevolcanoerupting. 8.AsIhadneverseenavolcanoeruptingbefore,Iwasveryexcited.Neverhavingseenavolcanoeruptingbefore,Iwasveryexcited. Finishthedialogueexercise6onPage37.Homework