人教版选修六课件Unit 1 Art Grammar

虚拟语气SubjunctiveMood(I)GRAMMER语法 陈述语气Iwenttothetheatreyesterday.Jackhadn’tcomebackhomeyet.祈使语气Let’sgo.Don’ttouchanythingonthetableuntilthebellrings.一.语气的分类 虚拟语气IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotleaveheralone.Ourteachersuggestedthatwegotothelibrarythisafternoon. 条件句表示主句的条件,分真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种。a.真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可能实现的,采用陈述语气。b.虚拟条件句表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。2023/6/8 二.‘if’虚拟条件句的概念由‘if’引导的虚拟条件句叫作‘if’虚拟条件句IcouldeasilyrecognizeifIhadseenhimbefore.其他虚拟条件句Withoutyourhelp,Icouldn’thavefinishedmyworkontime. 三.ifSentenceStructure‘if’虚拟条件句的结构a.表示与现在事实相反的假设b.表示与过去事实相反的假设c.表示与将来事实相反的假设 1.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中(1)表示与现在事实相反的假设,条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式(be动词的过去式用were)”,而主句中的谓语动词“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。虚拟语气IfIwereaboy,Iwouldjointhearmy. Whatwouldyoudoifyouwonthelottery?IfIwonthelottery,Iwould… IfIwonthelottery,Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar. IfIhadalotofmoneyIwouldbuyavilla. IfIhadalotofmoneynow,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.Ifitwerefinenow,Iwouldgoshopping. a.Ifthey____(be)here,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war_____(burst)outagain,what_____________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?werewouldtakeburstwouldhappenPRACTICE1:Fillintheblanks. c.Ifthepoliceman________(benot)inthatroom,it________(be)verydangerous.d.IfI____(be)inyourposition,I_________(ask)forteacher’shelp.werenotcouldbewerewouldask 2.与过去的事实相反从句的谓语用had＋过去分词,构成IfI(we,you,he,they)＋had＋过去分词的形式；主句的谓语用should(第一人称)/would(第二、三人称)/could/mighthave＋动词过去分词。 Ifhe__________morecarefully,he_________________thecaraccidentyesterday.haddrivenwouldnothavehad IfI________howtoswim,I__________________trappedinthisisland.hadlearntwouldnothavebeen a.IfTom________(be)morecarefulintheexam,he________________(pass)italready.b.Ifyou_______(get)upearlier,you________________(catch)thefirsttrain.hadbeenwouldhavepassedhadgotwouldhavecaughtPRACTICE2:Fillintheblanks. c.IfI_______(meet)youyesterday,we______________(go)totheconcerttogether.hadmetwouldhavegone 3.与将来事实相反从句的谓语用IfI(we,you,he,they)＋动词过去式或weretodo或shoulddo形式,主句谓语用should(第一人称)/would(第二、三人称)/could/might＋动词原形。 Ifhegotupearly,hewouldbeontime. 假如他来了,我们对他说什么呢？Ifheweretocome,whatshouldwesaytohim.假如他看见我,就会认识我。Ifheshouldseeme,hewouldknowme. a.Ifthere________(be)nonaturalresourceanymore,we___________(make)useofnuclearpower.b.What____________(happen)ifyou____________(getup)toolatetomorrow?shouldbeshouldmakewouldhappenshouldgetupPRACTICE3:Fillintheblanks c.IfRobots_____________(control)theworldsomeday,here________(be)nofriendship.weretocontrolwouldbe 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间,这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同,这叫做混合条件句。例句中从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow. Ifthestaffhadbeenmorecareful,themallwouldnotbeonfirenow. 条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去时(were)would/could/should/might+V.(原)虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。 条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式过去过去完成时would/could/should/might+have+p.p. 条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式未来1.过去时2.should+V.3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原) 二.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法1.在动词wish后的宾语从句中,表示与现在或过去的事实相反,或对将来的主观愿望,从句通常省略连词that。1)表示对现在情况的虚拟:从句动词用过去式或过去进行式(be动词一般用were)。 IwishIwereastallasyou. IwishIwereabird. Iwisheverydayweremybirthday. Iwish/wishedIhadn’teatensomuchwatermelon.(2)表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had＋过去分词”。 Thepartywasterrible,IwishIhadnevergonetoit. (3)表示对将来的主观愿望:从句动词形式为“would＋动词原形”。注意:主句的主语与从句的主要不能相同,因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作能否实现，取决于从句主语的态度或意愿(非动物名词除外)。但愿你立刻来。Iwishyouwouldcomesoon. Iwishitwouldraintomorrow. asif/asthough由asif(asthough)或eventhough(eventhough)引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时,从句谓语形式为动词的过去式(be用were)或“had＋过去分词”。 Hebehavesasifheownedthehouse.(Buthedoesn’townitorprobablydoesn’townitorwedon’tknowwhetherheownsitornot.) ShetalksaboutRomeasthoughshehadbeentherehimself. 他那样对待我,好像我式陌生人似的。HetreatsmeasifIwereastranger.注意:如果表示的事情可能会发生,那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。Evenifshewerehere,shecouldnotsolvetheproblem. 关于虚拟语气辩析1 关于虚拟语气辩析2 关于虚拟语气辩析3 关于虚拟语气辩析4 关于虚拟语气辩析5 句型练习(用IfIwereyou句型翻译下列句子)1.我要是你的话,我就会把英语学好。2.如果你昨天来,你就会看见他。3.万一明天下雨,我们就不到那儿去。4.我希望我十年前认识他。5.他对待我就像对待他自己的儿子一样。Homework 关于陈述语气1 Whatwillyoudoifitrainstomorrow? Iwillstayathomeifitrainstomorrow. 关于陈述语气2 关于祈使语气1 关于祈使语气2 关于祈使语气3 关于祈使语气4 真实条件句真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况可能发生,其中if是如果的意思。时态关系句型:条件从句　　主句一般现在时shall/will+动词原形Ifhecomes,hewillbringhisviolin. Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit___.A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.israined答案B真实条件句主句为将来时,从句用一般现在时。 注意：在真实条件句中,主句不能用begoingto表示将来,该用shall,will.(错)Ifyouleavenow,youarenevergoingtoregretit.(对)Ifyouleavenow,youwillneverregretit. 2)表示真理时,主句谓语动词便不用shall(will)+动词原形,而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。