四川省 2023届高三英语下学期三诊模拟试题（Word版附解析）

2022-2023学年度下期高2023届三诊模拟考试英语注意事项：1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。4.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。5.考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatistheworstpartofJoe’sstory?A.Thegrammar.B.Thehandwriting.C.Thespelling.2.Whatdotheman’sclasswanttodothisSunday?A.Goforaswim.B.Dosomesunbathing.C.Collectrubbish.3.Whoprobablypickedthewoman’sroses?A.Thewoman’sson.B.Themalespeaker.C.Thewoman’sneighbour.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Holidayplans.B.Workproblems.C.Familymembers.5.HowdidCynthiadoinherhistorytest?A.Shefailedit.B.Shebarelypassed.C.Shedidverywell.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Recommendafilm.B.Buysomemedicine.C.Gotothecinema.7.Howdoesthewomansoundintheend?A.Annoyed.B.Excited.C.Humorous.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.WhatcanwesayabouttheweatheronSunday?A.Itwasveryfine.B.Itwasrainy.C.Itwaschangeable.9.Whatdothelocalsthinkofsuchweather?A.It’sacommonphenomenon.B.It’scausedbyclimatechange.C.It’sunusualandunforgettable.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthemandoing?A.Carryingoutasurvey.B.Conductingajobinterview.C.Sellingholidaypackages.11.Whereisthewomanfrom?A.Britain.B.France.C.Germany.12.Whatdoesthemanpromisethewoman?A.Lifeinsurance.B.Officesupplies.C.Fixedpayment.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdayisittoday?A.Friday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.14.WhatdoesClairethinkhelpedhergettheletterfromHarvard?A.Stayinguplatetostudy.B.Attendingextracourses.C.Forminggoodlearninghabits.95.WhydidClairechooseHarvardUniversity?A.Herauntoncestudiedthere.B.Shehadwonascholarshiptoit. C.ShewantedtobeMadelyn’sschoolmate.16.WhatdoesClaireplantodobeforeSeptember?A.Visitheraunt.B.Travelabroad.C.Visitsomefriends.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Explainingsomeclimatecrises.B.Talkingaboutfirstaidforemergencies.C.Introducingthecollapseoftheecosystem.18.Whatwillcauseaflashfloodaccordingtothespeaker?A.Tidalwaves.B.Damageddams.C.Therisingwarmair.19.Whatisthefourthcrisismainlyabout?A.Wildlifemigration.B.Habitatloss.C.Disappearingspecies.20.WhyisJamesElsnermentionedintheend?A.Heaimstoprotectcoralreefs.B.Hedoesresearchonpolarbears.C.Heproveshurricanesgetstronger.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALondoncanbeanexpensivecitytovisitifyougounprepared.IfyougosightseeinginLondonforthefirsttime,itissuggestedinvestinginaLondonPass.TheLondonPassisadigitalsightseeingcreditspackagethatgivesyouaccessto80+attractionsinthecitywitharelativelylowercost.Formanyattractionsonthepass,there’snoneedtopre-book.However,somemayhavelimitedcapacity,soyou’llneedtobookinadvance.WhatdoyougetwithTheLondonPass?●Incrediblesavings.●Accesstomorethan80topLondonattractions.●Fastentryatselectedattractionsandsights.●90-daymoney-backguarantee.GotoTheLondonPassbookingpageandchooseadurationthatsuitsyourtrip-TheLondonPassisavailable forone,two,three,four,five,six,sevenor10consecutivedays.Downloadthepasstoyourphoneandplanyoursightseeingtourswiththeapp.Whenyougettothegateofanyparticipatingattraction,showyourLondonPassandheadstraightinside.Whatareourbestsellers?●2DayPass:Child£65.00Adult£99.00●3DayPass:Child£77.00Adult£116.00●5DayPass:Child£94.00Adult£144.001.WhyisTheLondonPassrecommendedtotravelers?A.Itoffersmoney-savingtips.B.IthelpstovisitLondononabudget.C.Itprovidesaccesstomoreattractions.D.Itpromisestoreturnmoneyifunused.2.WhatshouldyoudobeforeusingTheLondonPass?A.Signuponthepage.B.Downloadtheapp.C.Bookyourtours.D.Updateyourinformation.3.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyouwant3DayPassfortwoparentsandakid?A£.164.B.£263.C.£309.D.£382.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦通票的作用以及收费情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“TheLondonPassisadigitalsightseeingcreditspackagethatgivesyouaccessto80+attractionsinthecitywitharelativelylowercost.(伦敦通票是一种数字观光积分套餐，可以让你以相对较低的成本游览伦敦80多个景点)”可知，推荐伦敦通票给旅行者是因为它对在预算内游览伦敦会有所帮助。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据正文第二段“Downloadthepasstoyourphoneandplanyoursightseeingtourswiththeapp.(将通票下载到你的手机上，用应用程序计划你的观光旅行)”可知，使用伦敦通票前应该下载应用。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“●3DayPass:Child£77.00Adult£116.00(●3日通票：儿童77英镑，成人116英镑)”可知，如果你想买一张父母和一个孩子的3日票，你需要付77+116+116=309£。故选C。 BAsix-year-oldlongingtokeepaunicorninherbackyardfiguredshe’dgetthehardpartoutofthewayfirst.LastNovember,MadelinewrotealettertotheLosAngelesCountyDepartmentofAnimalCareandControlwithastraightforwardrequest.“DearLACounty,IwouldlikeyourapprovalifIcanhaveaunicorninmybackyardifIcanfindone.Pleasesendmealetterinresponse.”DirectorMayedarepliedtwoweekslater.Thedepartmentdoesinfactlicenseunicorns,shesaid,undercertainconditions.Thoseincludepolishingtheunicorn’shornatleastonceamonthwithasoftcloth,feedingitwatermelonatleastonceaweek,coveringitwithonlynontoxicandbiodegradablesparklesandgivingitregularaccesstosunlight,moonbeams,andrainbows.And,becauseunicornsareindeedveryraretofind,thedepartmentisalsogivingMadelineatoyunicorntokeephercompanyduringhersearch,asatokenofappreciation.“Itisalwaysrewardingtohearfromyoungpeoplewhothoughtfullyconsidertherequirementsofprovidingalovinghomeforanimals,”Mayedawroteintheletter.“IlikeyoursenseofresponsiblepetownershiptoseekpermissioninadvancetokeepaunicorninLosAngelesCounty.”MayedatoldtheWashingtonPostthatthisisthefirsttimethedepartmenthasreceivedarequestforalicenseforaunicornoranymythicalcreature.Theywereimpressedwiththefirstgraderforwantingtoaskpermissioninthefirstplace,anddoingherresearchtoworkouthowtogoaboutthat.Sheandhercolleaguesdealwithalotof“life-and-death”issuesonthejob,whetherthat’sseeingcasesofanimalabuseoranimalshurtingpeopleormakingdecisionsabouthavingtoputdowndangerousorsickanimals.SoMadeline’sletterhasconsiderablybrightenedtheirspirits,andsheisduetovisitthedepartmentthisweektodiscussherunicornlicenseapplication.Safetosay,she’sinforamagicalsurprise.4.WhydidMadelinewritetheletter?A.Toapplytovisitaunicorn.B.Tolearntoprovideanimalcare.C.Toaskpermissiontokeepapet.D.Tofigureouthowtofindaunicorn.5.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Madeline’sapplicationwasdisapproved.B.GuidancewasgivenforMadeline’ssearch.C.Madelinewaspresentedwithaliveunicorn.D.Requirementsshouldbemetforthelicense.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMayeda?A.Strict.B.Loving.C.Sensitive.D.Realistic.7.WhyhasthelettercheeredupMayedaandhercolleagues? A.Itisthefirstapplicationletterforapet.B.Madelineputsgreateffortintoherdream.C.Animalprotectionisalife-and-deathissue.D.Thedepartmentoftendealswithtoughissues.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了六岁的孩子Madeline写信给洛杉矶县动物保护与控制部门，希望获得许可养一只独角兽。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“LastNovember,MadelinewrotealettertotheLosAngelesCountyDepartmentofAnimalCareandControlwithastraightforwardrequest.“DearLACounty,IwouldlikeyourapprovalifIcanhaveaunicorninmybackyardifIcanfindone.Pleasesendmealetterinresponse.”(去年11月，Madeline给LosAngelesCountyDepartmentofAnimalCareandControl写了一封信，提出了一个直截了当的要求。“亲爱的洛杉矶县，如果我能找到独角兽，我希望你能批准我在后院养一只独角兽。请给我回信。”)”可知，Madeline写这封信是为了请求允许养宠物。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“DirectorMayedarepliedtwoweekslater.Thedepartmentdoesinfactlicenseunicorns,shesaid,undercertainconditions.Thoseincludepolishingtheunicorn’shornatleastonceamonthwithasoftcloth,feedingitwatermelonatleastonceaweek,coveringitwithonlynontoxicandbiodegradablesparklesandgivingitregularaccesstosunlight,moonbeams,andrainbows.And,becauseunicornsareindeedveryraretofind,thedepartmentisalsogivingMadelineatoyunicorntokeephercompanyduringhersearch,asatokenofappreciation.(Mayeda局长两周后回复。她说，该部门实际上是在一定条件下批准独角兽的。这些措施包括每月至少用软布擦拭独角兽的角一次，每周至少喂它一次西瓜，只给它涂上无毒且可生物降解的闪光，并定期让它接触阳光、月光和彩虹。而且，由于独角兽确实非常罕见，该部门还送给玛德琳一只玩具独角兽，让她在寻找的过程中陪伴她，以表示感谢。)”可知，要获得许可应满足一些要求。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“And,becauseunicornsareindeedveryraretofind,thedepartmentisalsogivingMadelineatoyunicorntokeephercompanyduringhersearch,asatokenofappreciation.(而且，由于独角兽确实非常罕见，该部门还送给玛德琳一只玩具独角兽，让她在寻找的过程中陪伴她，以表示感谢。)”可知，Mayeda是富有爱心的，故选B。【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Sheandhercolleaguesdealwithalotof“life-and-death”issuesonthejob,whetherthat’sseeingcasesofanimalabuseoranimalshurtingpeopleormakingdecisionsabouthavingtoputdowndangerousorsickanimals.(她和她的同事们在工作中处理了很多“生死攸关”的问题，无论是看到动物虐待或动物伤害人类的案例，还是做出必须杀死危险或生病动物的决定。)”可知，这封信鼓舞了Mayeda和她的同事们是因为这个部门经常处理棘手的问题。故选D。CLikeatiredmarriage,therelationshipbetweenlibrariesandpublishershaslongbeendull.E-books,however,arecausingheartache.Librariesknowtheyneeddigitalwaresiftheyaretoremainrelevant,butmanypublishersaretoocautiousaboutpiracy(盗版)andlostsalestocooperate.Amongthebigsix,onlyRandomHouseandHarperCollinslicensee-bookswithmostlibraries.Publishersarewisetobenervous.Ownersofe-readersareexactlythecustomerstheyneed:book-loverswithmoney.Ifthesepeopleswitchtoborrowinge-booksinsteadofbuyingthem,whatthen?Electronicborrowingisawfullyconvenient.Unlikeprintedbooks,e-bookfilescanbedownloadedathomefromdigitallibrariesanytime.Thefilesdisappearfromthedevicewhentheyaredueautomatically.Awkwardlyforpublishers,buyingane-bookcostsmorethanrentingonebutofferslittleextravalue.E-lendingisnotsimple,however.Therearelotsofdifferentandoftenincompatible(不兼容的)e-bookformats,devicesandlicenses.MostlibrariesuseacompanycalledOverDrive,whichsecuresrightsfrompublishersandprovidese-booksandaudiofilesineveryformat.YetpublishersandlibrariesareworriedbyOverDrive’sglobalmarketdominance,asthecompanycancontrolfeesandconditions.PublisherswereannoyedwhenOverDriveteamedupwithAmazon,theworld’sbiggestonlinebookseller,lastyear.OwnersofAmazon’sKindlee-readerwhowanttoborrowe-booksfromlibrariesarenowredirectedtoAmazon’swebsite,whereAmazonfollowsuplibraryfrequentersdirectly,lettingthemknowtheycan“Buythisbook”whentheloanfallsdue.AccordingtoPew,anopinionresearcher,libraryusersareaperfectmarketforAmazon.LatelastyearAmazonintroduceditsKindleOwners’LendingLibrary,whichletsitsbestcustomersborrowfreeoneofthousandsofpopularbookseachmonth.Librarysupportersarguethatbookborrowersarealsobookbuyersandthatlibrariesarevitalspacesforreaderstodiscovernewworks.ManywerecheeredbyarecentPewsurveywhichfoundthatmorethanhalfofAmericanswithlibrarycardssaytheyprefertobuytheire-books.So,publisherskeepadjustingtheirlendingarrangementsinsearchoftherightbalance.RandomHouseraiseditslicensingpricesearlierthisyear,andHarperCollinslimitslibrariestolendingitstitles26times.8.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph1? A.Manypublishersarehesitanttolicensee-books.B.Thelibrary-publisherrelationshiphasbeenunstable.C.Librariesandpublishersholdthesameviewtowardse-books.D.RandomHouseandHarperCollinsarethetoptwopublishers.9.Whyarepublishersworriedaboutelectronicborrowing?A.Theremaybeanoticeabledropinprofit.B.Rightsforpublisherscan’tbesecuredanylonger.C.E-bookscanbedownloadedagainwhentheyaredue.D.E-booksandtheiraudiofilesareprovidedineveryformat.10.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Amazonisadoptingmeasurestowinmorecustomers.B.E-bookscanbelentatlibrariesasmanytimesasyoulike.COverDrivedistributese-booksandaudiofilestopublishers.D.OverhalfofAmericansareborrowinge-booksfromlibraries.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ReadingOnlineorOfflineB.AMarriage-likeRelationshipC.ABrightFutureforPublishersD.ATenseStoryRaisedbyE-books【答案】8.A9.A10.A11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文由出版商和图书馆的关系入手，介绍了虽然电子借阅很方便，但大多数出版商不愿与图书馆合作，拒绝授予图书馆电子书的许可，使电子借阅经济难以预料。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Librariesknowtheyneeddigitalwaresiftheyaretoremainrelevant,butmanypublishersaretoocautiousaboutpiracy(盗版)andlostsalestocooperate.(图书馆知道，如果他们想保持影响力，就需要数字产品，但许多出版商对盗版和销售损失过于谨慎，无法合作)”可推知，许多出版商对电子书授权犹豫不决。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Electronicborrowingisawfullyconvenient.Unlikeprintedbooks,e-bookfilescanbedownloadedathomefromdigitallibrariesanytime.Thefilesdisappearfromthedevicewhentheyaredueautomatically.Awkwardlyforpublishers,buyingane-bookcostsmorethanrentingonebutofferslittleextra value.(电子借阅非常方便。与纸质书不同，电子书文件可以随时在家里从数字图书馆下载。当文件到期时自动从设备中消失。令出版商尴尬的是，购买一本电子书比租用一本要贵，但却没有什么额外的价值)”可知，出版商担心电子借阅因为利润可能会明显下降。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“LatelastyearAmazonintroduceditsKindleOwners’LendingLibrary,whichletsitsbestcustomersborrowfreeoneofthousandsofpopularbookseachmonth.(去年晚些时候，亚马逊推出了Kindle用户借阅图书馆，让最优秀用户每月免费借阅数千本流行图书中的一本)”可知，亚马逊正在采取措施赢得更多顾客。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Likeatiredmarriage,therelationshipbetweenlibrariesandpublishershaslongbeendull.E-books,however,arecausingheartache.Librariesknowtheyneeddigitalwaresiftheyaretoremainrelevant,butmanypublishersaretoocautiousaboutpiracy(盗版)andlostsalestocooperate.Amongthebigsix,onlyRandomHouseandHarperCollinslicensee-bookswithmostlibraries.(就像一段乏味的婚姻，图书馆和出版商之间的关系长期以来一直很沉闷。然而，电子书却令人心痛。图书馆知道，如果他们想保持影响力，就需要数字产品，但许多出版商对盗版和销售损失过于谨慎，无法合作。在六大出版商中，只有兰登书屋和哈珀柯林斯向大多数图书馆授权电子书)”结合本文由出版商和图书馆的关系入手，介绍了虽然电子借阅很方便，但大多数出版商不愿与图书馆合作，拒绝授予图书馆电子书的许可，使电子借阅经济难以预料。可知，D选项“电子书引发的紧张故事”最符合文章标题。故选D。DDreams,accordingtoCarlJung,revealacertainamountofrealityhiddenduringwakingconsciousness.InJungianphilosophy,theconflictandchaosexperiencedindreamsfinallybringordertoourlives.WhileJung’smysticaltheoriesaredebatable,hewasnotmistakenabouttheimportanceofdreaming.Agrowingnumberofreportsshowthatacontinuouslackofdreamingisdamagingourwakinghoursinmanyways.Thistrendiscausingdamagetoourimmuneandmetabolic(新陈代谢的)systems,letalonetheelectronicproductsthatkeepusuplateatnightareruiningoursleeppatterns,whichhaslong-termconsequencesonourmemorysystem.OnestudyshowedthatnotallowingmicetohaveadequateamountsofREM(RapidEyeMovement)sleep,thestageinwhichwedream,themicecouldn’tstrengthenmemories.Youmightthinkthisisjustasleepproblem,butdreamingisinseparablefromournight-timerest.Wesleepincycles,eachlastingabout90minutes;inasleepcycle,wegothroughnon-REMsleepbeforehittingREM.Asthenightprogresses,REMsleepperiodsincreaseinlengthwhiledeepsleep(oneofthestagesofnon-REMsleep)decreases.Thelongerwesleep,themoretimewespendinREM,whichiswhyweareoftendreamingwhen wakingupinthemorning.Ifwesleeplessthansevenhours,however,itbecomeshardertoachievethislevelofREM.Thecombinationofsleepinganddreamingactsasanemotionalstabiliser.Werecoverfromemotionalhurtfasterwhenwesleepanddreamproperly.However,we’renotgettingenoughsleeptocyclethroughthestagestotakeadvantageofthisnaturalcircadiananti-depressant(抗抑郁剂)—dreams.Instead,wegetdepressedandturntoalcoholormedicinestogettosleep,whichonlymakesthingsworsebecauseevenonedrinkleadstolateREMwhileanti-depressantspromotedeepsleepattheexpenseofREM.We’repayingforthislackofdreaminginmanyways.Forexample,a2021studystatedthatcomparedwithquietrestandnon-REMsleep,REMpromotedtheformationofassociativenetworksandtheintegration(整合)ofunassociatedinformation.VolunteersthatexperiencedmoreREMsleepwerebetterequippedforsolvingproblemsrequiringcreativesolutions.RowanHooper,themanagingeditoratNewScientist,writesthatdreamsthatincludean“emotionalcore”appeartobeamainfunctionofREMsleepandthatweshouldlookatsleeppatternsasseriouslyaswedodietandexercisehabits.12.What’sCarlJung’sviewaboutdreams?A.Theycausechaos.B.Theymirrorreality.C.Theyrevealsecrets.D.Theydamageimmunity.13.Whatdoes“thistrend”inParagraph2referto?A.Insufficientsleep.B.Aconstantstateofdreamlessness.C.Addictiontoelectronicproducts.D.Moreresearchonsleepanddreams.14.WhatcanwelearnaboutREM?A.REMhelpspeoplefightdepression.B.REMcanbeimprovedbyanti-depressants.C.REMsleepoccursbeforenon-REMsleep.D.ThebrainreceivesnewinformationduringREMsleep.15.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Theimportanceofsleepliesindreams.B.Theabsenceofdreamsisharmfultohumanbeings.C.Dreamingpatternsaremoreimportantthanwerealise.D.Dreaminghasmysticalpowerofstrengtheningmemories.【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.B 【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。越来越多的报告显示，持续不做梦会在很多方面损害我们醒着的时间。文章主要说明了不做梦会损害免疫和代谢系统，解释了背后的原因以及对此的建议。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Dreams,accordingtoCarlJung,revealacertainamountofrealityhiddenduringwakingconsciousness.(根据卡尔·荣格的说法，梦揭示了在清醒意识中隐藏的一定数量的现实)”可知，卡尔·荣格认为梦反映了现实。故选B。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“Agrowingnumberofreportsshowthatacontinuouslackofdreamingisdamagingourwakinghoursinmanyways.(越来越多的报告表明，持续缺乏做梦在很多方面损害了我们清醒的时间)”以及画线词后文“iscausingdamagetoourimmuneandmetabolic(新陈代谢的)systems(正在损害我们的免疫和代谢系统)”可知，越来越多的报告显示，持续不做梦会在很多方面损害我们醒着的时间，这种趋势（持续的无梦状态）正在损害我们的免疫和代谢系统。故画线词指的是“持续的无梦状态”。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“OnestudyshowedthatnotallowingmicetohaveadequateamountsofREM(RapidEyeMovement)sleep,thestageinwhichwedream,themicecouldn’tstrengthenmemories.(一项研究表明，如果不让小鼠有足够的REM（快速眼动）睡眠，即我们做梦的阶段，小鼠就无法增强记忆)”和倒数第三段“However,we’renotgettingenoughsleeptocyclethroughthestagestotakeadvantageofthisnaturalcircadiananti-depressant(抗抑郁剂)—dreams.Instead,wegetdepressedandturntoalcoholormedicinestogettosleep,whichonlymakesthingsworsebecauseevenonedrinkleadstolateREMwhileanti-depressantspromotedeepsleepattheexpenseofREM.(然而，我们没有足够的睡眠来循环利用这种天然的昼夜节律抗抑郁剂——梦。相反，我们会感到沮丧，并求助于酒精或药物来入睡，这只会让事情变得更糟，因为即使一杯酒也会导致快速眼动晚期，而抗抑郁药会以牺牲快速眼动为代价促进深度睡眠)”可知，梦是一种天然的昼夜节律抗抑郁剂，做梦会快速眼动，所以快速眼动有助于人们对抗抑郁。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Agrowingnumberofreportsshowthatacontinuouslackofdreamingisdamagingourwakinghoursinmanyways.(越来越多的报告显示，持续不做梦会在很多方面损害我们醒着的时间)”以及第二段“Thistrendiscausingdamagetoourimmuneandmetabolic(新陈代谢的)systems,letalonetheelectronicproductsthatkeepusuplateatnightareruiningoursleeppatterns,whichhaslong-termconsequencesonourmemorysystem.OnestudyshowedthatnotallowingmicetohaveadequateamountsofREM (RapidEyeMovement)sleep,thestageinwhichwedream,themicecouldn’tstrengthenmemories.(这种趋势正在损害我们的免疫和代谢系统，更不用说让我们熬夜的电子产品正在破坏我们的睡眠模式，这对我们的记忆系统有长期的影响。一项研究表明，如果不让老鼠有足够的REM(快速眼动)睡眠，也就是我们做梦的阶段，老鼠就不能加强记忆)”结合文章主要说明了不做梦会损害免疫和代谢系统，解释了背后的原因以及对此的建议。可知，这篇文章的主旨是缺乏梦对人类有害。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。“Justthinkpositively!”“Itcouldbeworse.”“Youshouldlookatthebrightside!”We’veallheard(andmaybeused)thesephraseswithoutmuchthought.Buttheycouldbecontributingtoacultureoftoxic(有毒的)positivity.Forthosenewtothisterm,itmightsoundlikeanoxymoron(矛盾修辞法).Howcanpositivitybetoxic?Isn’titsupposedtobehelpful,or“positive”,asthenamesuggests?___16___“Toxicpositivityiswhensomebodyavoidsallnegativethoughtsorfeelings,pretendingeverythingisgoingwellwhenitisnot,”explainsMelissaDowd,atherapistatPlushCare,avirtualhealthplatform.WhitneyGoodman,anotherlicensedpsychotherapist,describestoxicpositivityasthe“endlesspressuretobehappyandpositive,nomatterwhatthecircumstancesare.”___17___It’salsosomethingwecancauseotherpeopletoexperience.Toxicpositivitycausesustosuppressouremotions,whichcanmakethemworse.___18___“Althoughitcanbehelpfultolookonthebrightsidewhenfacingchallenges,”Dowdsays,“notcopingwithnegativefeelingsinahealthywayinthemomentcanleadtothosefeelingsresurfacinglaterindifferentareasofyourlifeorasaformofanxiety.”___19___“IfIfeellikeyou’regoingtosetmeaside,I’mgoingtostopsharinghowI’mfeeling,”Goodmanadds.___20___Ifyou’reusingtoxicpositivityagainstyourself,Goodmansuggestsrememberingit’sOKifyou’reupsetaboutsomething.It’svalidifsomethingannoysyou.“Allowourselvesandotherpeopletosharewhenthey’regoingthroughadifficulttime,”shesays.Dowdaddsthatit’sessentialthat“wealllearntocopewithandprocessouremotionsinahealthywayasopposedtoavoidinghowwefeel”aslife’sstressorscontinuetorise.Forexample,insteadofsimplysaying“Justthinkpositively,”we’dbettersay“Sometimesbadthingshappen.HowcanIhelp?”A.Aretherewaystoavoidtoxicpositivity?B.Toxicpositivityalsointerruptsconnection.C.Itcanharmpeoplewhoaregoingthroughdifficulttimes.D.Expressingtoxicpositivitytoothersmaylooklikeofferingthemasimplesolution. E.Theybecomemoreintenseandcanalsocauselong-lastinghealthconcernsinthefuture.F.Expertssayconstantforcedpositivitycanleadtotheopposite,andhaveanegativeeffect.G.Thisiswhatwemaybringontoourselvesbynotallowingnegativethoughtsandfeelings.【答案】16.F17.G18.E19.B20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，短文介绍了“有毒的积极性”的不良影响和应对措施。【16题详解】根据上文“Howcanpositivitybetoxic?Isn’titsupposedtobehelpful,or“positive”,asthenamesuggests?(积极怎么会是有毒的呢？它不应该是有益的，或者像它的名字所暗示的那样是“积极的”吗？)”可知，选项承接上文说明专家对此的观点。故F选项“Expertssayconstantforcedpositivitycanleadtotheopposite,andhaveanegativeeffect.(专家表示，持续的强迫积极可能会导致相反的结果，并产生负面影响。)”切题。故选F。【17题详解】根据上文“WhitneyGoodman,anotherlicensedpsychotherapist,describestoxicpositivityasthe“endlesspressuretobehappyandpositive,nomatterwhatthecircumstancesare.”(另一位有执照的心理治疗师WhitneyGoodman将有毒的积极描述为“无论环境如何，都要保持快乐和积极的无尽压力。”)”可知，选项承接上文进一步总结所带来的后果。故G选项“Thisiswhatwemaybringontoourselvesbynotallowingnegativethoughtsandfeelings.(这就是我们不允许消极的想法和感觉给自己带来的后果。)”切题。故选G。【18题详解】根据上文“Toxicpositivitycausesustosuppressouremotions,whichcanmakethemworse.(有毒的积极情绪会使我们压抑情绪，从而使情绪变得更糟。)”可知，选项承接上文说明有毒的积极情绪的不良影响。故E选项“Theybecomemoreintenseandcanalsocauselong-lastinghealthconcernsinthefuture.(它们变得更加强烈，也可能在未来造成长期的健康问题。)”切题。故选E。【19题详解】根据下文““IfIfeellikeyou’regoingtosetmeaside,I’mgoingtostopsharinghowI’mfeeling,”Goodmanadds.(Goodman补充说：“如果我觉得你要把我放在一边，我就不会再分享我的感受了。”)”可知，有毒的积极情绪会破坏人际关系，故B选项“Toxicpositivityalsointerruptsconnection.(有毒的积极态度也会中断人际关系。)”切题。故选B。【20题详解】根据下文“Ifyou’reusingtoxicpositivityagainstyourself,Goodmansuggestsrememberingit’sOKifyou’reupsetaboutsomething.It’svalidifsomethingannoysyou.“Allowourselvesandotherpeopletosharewhen they’regoingthroughadifficulttime,”shesays.Dowdaddsthatit’sessentialthat“wealllearntocopewithandprocessouremotionsinahealthywayasopposedtoavoidinghowwefeel”aslife’sstressorscontinuetorise.(Goodman建议，如果你正在用有害的积极态度来对付自己，记住，如果你对某事感到不安，那也没关系。如果有什么事惹恼了你，这是合理的。她说：“让我们自己和其他人在经历困难的时候分享。”Dowd补充说，随着生活压力的不断增加，“我们都学会以一种健康的方式处理我们的情绪，而不是逃避我们的感受”，这是至关重要的。)”可知，下文是对上文有没有办法避免有毒的积极性的问题的回答。故A选项“Aretherewaystoavoidtoxicpositivity?(有没有办法避免有毒的积极情绪？)”切题。故选A。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。OnChristmasof2017,Iwasbornagain.WeliketospendourChristmasholidayssomewherewarmabroad,andthatyearwe___21___Uganda.Nature,wildlife,andsunnydayswerea___22___whenitwasso___23___anddarkinEurope.Lifewasbeautiful,andwehadarentalcarandabusyscheduleaheadtoexplorethecountry.Thisiswherethisshorttravelstoryturnsintooneofmymost___24___travelexperiences.AtMurchinsonFallsNationalPark,wehadacaraccident.Ilost___25___ofthecar,anditrolledover,destroyingwindows,chassis,andtheengine.Butwewerealive!Myrightarmwas___26___injured,butwe___27___towalktoourlodge(小屋),notfarinsidethe___28___.Inthelodge,Iwas___29___tolearnthattherewasaprettydecentAmericanhospitalinMasindithatwasjustaone-hourdriveaway.Moreover,oneofthelodge’sguestswasanursewho____30____thewoundwhilewewerewaitingforthetaxi.Thehospitaltookcareofusandafteracoupleofinjectionsandstitches,Iwas____31____toheadtoournewhotelinMasindi;however,mywoundrequireddaily____32____andmoreinjections,sowewere____33____tostayintownforafewdays.Thetown’shighlightswerethemarketandour____34____visittothehospital,sowe____35____lookingforthesmallthings,____36____withthemedicalstaffandthepeopleinthemarket,andlearningmoreabouttheircustoms.Welearnedtoslowdown.Whenwewereallowedto____37____,wetookaroadtripthroughthecountrytoseesomethingelse.Wedidnotcareaboutourtravel____38____anymore–wewere____39____,andwewantedtoenjoyUganda’suniquenatureanditspeople.Intheend,ourUgandatripwasnotabouttheplacesthatwesaw,butthepeoplethatwemet.Itwastravelfor____40____morethansightseeing.21.A.recommendedB.choseC.predictedD.finished 22.A.blessingB.barrierC.limitationD.balance23.A.oldB.crowdedC.coldD.mysterious24.A.doubtfulB.wonderfulC.scaryD.inspiring25.A.senseB.sightC.controlD.direction26.A.severelyB.permanentlyC.partlyD.deliberately27.A.discoveredB.failedC.continuedD.managed28.A.spotB.valleyC.countryD.park29.A.curiousB.nervousC.surprisedD.happy30.A.cleanedB.curedC.sweptD.observed31.A.fortunateB.gratefulC.readyD.relieved32.A.operationB.dressingC.pressureD.recovery33.A.permittedB.askedC.forbiddenD.taught34.A.occasionalB.dailyC.riskyD.awful35.A.putoffB.carriedonC.insistedonD.endedup36.A.meetingB.arguingC.bargainingD.chatting37.A.exerciseB.wanderC.escapeD.leave38.A.guideB.typeC.scheduleD.budget39.A.awakeB.aloneC.allergicD.alive40.A.experimentB.explanationC.experienceD.reflection【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.C25.C26.A27.D28.D29.D30.A31.C32.B33.B34.B35.D36.D37.D38.C39.D40.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者进行安排的乌干达之旅，因为意外的车祸而变得一波三折。最后，作者感受到乌干达之行不是关于我们看到的地方，而是我们遇到的人。这次旅行是为了体验而不是观光。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们喜欢在温暖的国外度过圣诞节，那年我们选择了乌干达。A.recommended记得；B.chose选择；C.predicted预计；D.finished完成。根据上文“WeliketospendourChristmasholidayssomewherewarmabroad,”喜欢在温暖的国外度过圣诞节，可推知，此处为那年我们选择了乌干达。故选B项。【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当欧洲又冷又黑的时候，大自然、野生动物和阳光明媚的日子是一种幸事。A.blessing幸事；B.barrier障碍；C.limitation限制；D.balance平衡。根据该句中的“Nature,wildlife,andsunnydays”可推知，此处为大自然、野生动物和阳光明媚的日子是一种幸事。故选A项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当欧洲又冷又黑的时候，大自然、野生动物和阳光明媚的日子是一种幸事。A.old旧的；B.crowded拥挤的；C.cold冷的；D.mysterious神秘的。根据上文提到的大自然、野生动物和阳光明媚的日子是一种祝福。以及该句中的“anddarkinEurope”可推知，此处为当欧洲又冷又黑的时候，大自然、野生动物和阳光明媚的日子是一种幸事。故选C项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在这里，这个简短的旅行故事变成了我最可怕的旅行经历之一。A.doubtful怀疑的；B.wonderful极好的；C.scary可怕的；D.inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据下文“wehadacaraccident.”出了车祸，可推知，此处为这个简短的旅行故事变成了我最可怕的旅行经历之一。故选C项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我失去了对车的控制，车翻了，窗户、底盘和引擎都被撞坏了。A.sense感觉；B.sight视力；C.control控制；D.direction方向。根据该句中的“anditrolledover,destroyingwindows,chassis,andtheengine.”可知，此处为我失去了对车的控制，车翻了，窗户、底盘和引擎都被撞坏了。故选C项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的右臂严重受伤，但我们努力走到离公园不远的小屋。A.severely严重地；B.permanently永久地；C.partly部分地；D.deliberately故意地。根据语境以及该句中的injured可推知，此处为我的右臂严重受伤。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的右臂严重受伤，但我们设法走到离公园不远的小屋。A.discovered发现；B.failed失败；C.continued继续；D.managed设法。根据上文提到的出了车祸，我的右臂严重受伤，可推知，此处为我们努力走到离公园不远的小屋。故选D项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的右臂严重受伤，但我们设法走到离公园不远的小屋。A.spot地点；B.valley山谷；C.country乡村；D.park公园。根据上文“AtMurchinsonFallsNationalPark”提到的Park公园，可知，此处为我们努力走到离公园不远的小屋。故选D项。【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在小屋里，我很高兴地得知，马辛迪有一家相当不错的美国医院，车程只有一个小时。A.curious好奇的；B.nervous紧张的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.happy高兴的。根据句意以及该句中的“therewasaprettydecentAmericanhospitalinMasindi”可推知，此处为我很高兴地得知，马辛迪有一家相当不错的美国医院。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，小屋的一位客人是护士，在我们等出租车的时候，她帮我们清洗了伤口。A.cleaned清洗；B.cured治疗；C.swept扫除；D.observed观察。根据语境以及该句中的thewound，可推知，此处为小屋的一位客人是护士，在我们等出租车的时候，她帮我们清洗了伤口。故选A项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医院照顾好了我们，打了几针，缝了几针后，我准备前往马辛迪的新酒店。A.fortunate幸运的；B.grateful感激的；C.ready准备好的；D.relieved放心的，宽慰的。根据句意以及该句中的“toheadtoournewhotelinMasindi”可推知，此处为医院照顾好了我们，打了几针，缝了几针后，我准备前往马辛迪的新酒店。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的伤口需要每天包扎和更多的注射，所以我们被要求在小镇上呆几天。A.operation手术；B.dressing（保护伤口的）敷料；C.pressure压力；D.recovery恢复。根据该句中的“mywoundrequired”以及“andmoreinjections”可知，此处为我的伤口需要每天包扎和更多的注射。故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的伤口需要每天包扎和更多的注射，所以我们被要求在小镇上呆几天。A.permitted允许；B.asked要求；C.forbidden禁止；D.taught教。根据上文提到的伤口需要每天包扎和更多的注射，以及该句中的“tostayintownforafewdays.”可推知，此处为然而，我的伤口需要每天包扎和更多的注射，所以我们被要求在小镇上呆几天。故选B项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个小镇的重点是市场和我们每天都会去的医院，所以我们最后找了一些小东西，和医务人员和市场里的人聊天，了解了更多他们的习俗。A.occasional偶然的；B.daily每天的；C.risky冒风险的；D.awful可怕的。根据上文提到的所以我们被要求在小镇上呆几天，以及该句中的“visittothehospital”可知，此处为这个小镇的重点是市场和我们每天都会去的医院。故选B项。【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个小镇的重点是市场和我们每天都会去的医院，所以我们最后找了一些小东西，和医务人员和市场里的人聊天，了解了更多他们的习俗。A.putoff推迟；B.carriedon继续；C.insistedon坚持；D.endedup结束。根据上文提到的这个小镇的重点是市场和我们每天都会去的医院，以及该句中的“lookingforthesmallthings”可推知，此处为这个小镇的重点是市场和我们每天都会去的医院，所以我们最后找了一些小东西。故选D项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个小镇的重点是市场和我们每天都会去的医院，所以我们最后找了一些小东西，和医务人员和市场里的人聊天，了解了更多他们的习俗。A.meeting见面；B.arguing争论；C.bargaining讨价还价；D.chatting聊天。根据下文“andlearningmoreabouttheircustoms.”可推知，此处为和医务人员和市场里的人聊天，了解了更多他们的习俗。故选D项。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们被允许离开时，我们进行了一次公路旅行，穿过这个国家去看别的东西。A.exercise锻炼；B.wander漫游；C.escape逃脱；D.leave离开。根据下文“wetookaroadtripthroughthecountrytoseesomethingelse.”可推知，此处为当我们被允许离开时，我们进行了一次公路旅行，穿过这个国家去看别的东西。故选D项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们不再关心我们的旅行计划——我们还活着，我们想享受乌干达独特的自然和那里的人文风情。A.guide指南；B.type类型；C.schedule日程，计划；D.budget预算。根据上文提到的“wehadarentalcarandabusyscheduleaheadtoexplorethecountry.”可知，此处为我们不再关心我们的旅行计划——我们还活着。和上文中的schedule相呼应。故选C项。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们不再关心我们的旅行计划——我们还活着，我们想享受乌干达独特的自然和那里的人文风情。A.awake醒着的；B.alone独自的；C.allergic过敏的；D.alive活着的。根据上文提到的我们不再关心我们的旅行计划，以及下文“andwewantedtoenjoyUganda’suniquenatureanditspeople.”可推知，此处为我们不再关心我们的旅行计划——我们还活着，我们想享受乌干达独特的自然和那里的人文风情。故选D项。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次旅行是为了体验而不是观光。A.experiment实验；B.explanation解释；C.experience经历；D.reflection反思。根据句意以及上文“Intheend,ourUgandatripwasnotabouttheplacesthatwesaw,butthepeoplethatwemet.”可推知，此处为这次旅行是为了体验而不是观光。故选C项。第三部分英语知识运用第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheastronautsofChina’sShenzhou-15crew___41___(complete)threespacewalkssincetheirjourneyintospacefourmonthsago,accordingtotheChinaMannedSpaceAgency(CMSA).Thethirdspacewalkwasconducted___42___ThursdaybyastronautsFeiJunlongandZhangLu,incollaborationwiththeastronautDengQingming,___43___wasinsidethespacestation.Thepairaccomplishedalltheir___44___(former)scheduledtasksbeforesafelyreturningtothelabmodule(舱)Wentian,theCMSAsaid.BasedonCMSA’saccount,fourcrewhavecarriedout___45___totalof10spacewalkssincetheShenzhou-12mannedmissionin2021,masteringaseriesofkey___46___(technology).Follow-upactivitieswillcontinuetobeconductedregularly___47___planned.Inthepastmonth,theShenzhou-15crewhascompletedvarioustasks,thein-orbitmaintenanceofthespacestation___48___(include).TheStirlingthermoelectricconvertor(斯特林热电转换器)hasalsocompleteditsin-orbittest.Capableofconvertingthermalenergyintoelectricitywithrelativelyhighefficiency___49___powerdensity(密度),theconvertorisexpected____50____(use)infuturemannedlunarmissionsanddeep-spaceexploration,theCMSAsaid.【答案】41.havecompleted42.on43.who44.formerly45.a46.technologies47.as48.included49and50.tobeused【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国宇航员在太空中的航天任务。【41题详解】考查时态。句意：据中国载人航天局(CMSA)称，自四个月前进入太空以来，中国神舟15号宇航员已经完成了三次太空行走。根据sincetheirjourneyintospacefourmonthsago可知，用现在完成时。主语Theastronauts为复数，谓语动词用have。故填havecompleted。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：第三次太空行走于周四由宇航员费俊龙和张陆与在空间站内的宇航员邓清明合作进行。在星期几的前面介词用on。故填on。【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：第三次太空行走于周四由宇航员费俊龙和张陆与在空间站内的宇航员邓清明合作进行。句中先行词为theastronautDengQingming，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。【44题详解】考查副词。句意：中国航天局表示，两人在安全返回“文天号”实验舱之前完成了所有预定任务。形容词scheduled前用副词修饰。故填formerly。【45题详解】考查冠词。句意：根据中国载人航天局的介绍，自2021年神舟12号载人航天任务以来，四名航天员共进行了10次太空行走，掌握了一系列关键技术。atotalof总数为。故填a。【46题详解】考查名词的数。句意：根据中国载人航天局的介绍，自2021年神舟12号载人航天任务以来，四名航天员共进行了10次太空行走，掌握了一系列关键技术。名词technology为可数名词，aseriesof后接名词的复数形式。故填technologies。【47题详解】考查介词。句意：后续活动将继续按计划定期开展。asplanned按计划。故填as。【48题详解】考查形容词。句意：在过去的一个月里，神舟15号机组人员完成了各种任务，包括空间站的在轨维护。included表示“包括在内”，用于名词和代词后。故填included。【49题详解】考查连词。句意：中国航天局表示，该转换器能够以相对较高的效率和功率密度将热能转化为电能，预计将用于未来的载人月球任务和深空探测。名词highefficiency和powerdensity之间为并列关系，所以用并列连词and。故填and。【50题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国航天局表示，该转换器能够以相对较高效率和功率密度将热能转化为电能，预计将用于未来的载人月球任务和深空探测。beexpectedtodosth.被期望做某事。主语theconvertor与use之间为被动关系，所以用不定式的被动式。故填tobeused。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。MyfavouriteinventorisAlexanderGrahamBell.Atayoungage,Bellstartedtoshowmuchinteresthelpingdeafpeoplecommunicate,whichledtotheirinventionofthemicrophone.Beside,healsoinventedthetelephonein1876.However,atthebeginning,whatheactuallytriedtodesignwasnotatelephonebutamultipletelegraph.Duringhissearchtoimprovethetelegraph,Bellinventsthefirsttelephone.Oneofhismostfamoussayingis:“Leavethebeatentrackoccasionalanddiveintothewoods.Everytimeyoudosoyouwillbecertaintofindsomethingwhichiscompletelynewinyourlife.”Indeed,whatitwashisacutecuriositythatmadehissuccess.Bellwasahonourableinventorallhislife.Hemadehisfirstinventionat11buthislastinventionat75.【答案】1.interest后添加in2.their→his3.Beside→Besides4.invents→invented5.saying→sayings6.occasional→occasionally7.which→that8.删除what9.a→an10.but→and【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了科学家AlexanderGrahamBell的重大发明。【详解】1.考查介词。句意：在很小的时候，贝尔就开始对帮助聋哑人交流表现出很大的兴趣，这导致了他发明了麦克风。短语showmuchinterestin表示“感兴趣”。故interest后添加in。2.考查代词。句意：在很小的时候，贝尔就开始对帮助聋哑人交流表现出很大的兴趣，这导致了他发明了麦克风。此处指Bell发明了麦克风，应用代词his。故their改为his。3.考查副词。句意：此外，他还在1876年发明了电话。表示“此外”修饰后文句子应用副词besides；beside表示“在旁边”不符合语境。故Beside改为Besides。4.考查时态。句意：在他研究改进电报的过程中，贝尔发明了第一台电话。动作发生在过去应用一般过去时。故invents改为invented。 5.考查名词的数。句意：他最著名的一句话是：“偶尔离开人迹罕至的小路，潜入树林。”saying为可数名词，此处为oneof+复数名词。故saying改为sayings。6.考查副词。句意：他最著名的一句话是：“偶尔离开人迹罕至的小路，潜入树林。”修饰动词leave应用副词occasionally，故occasional改为occasionally。7.考查定语从句。句意：每次你这样做的时候，你肯定会发现生活中有一些全新的东西。先行词为something，为不定代词，在从句作主语，只能用that引导。故which改为that。8.考查强调句。句意：事实上，正是他强烈的好奇心成就了他的成功。分析句子结构可知此处为强调句：itwas+被强调部分+that。故删除what。9.考查冠词。句意：贝尔一生都是一位可敬的发明家。honourable是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an。故a改为an。10.考查连词。句意：他11岁时完成了第一项发明，75岁时完成了最后一项发明。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故but改为and。第二节书面表达(满分25分)52.假定你是李华。近期，你所在的城市向中学生发起了“最美汉字”投票活动。请阅读下面一则新闻报道，以“TheMostBeautifulChineseCharacter”为题，向学校NewBabel英文杂志投稿。内容包括：简要概括这则新闻；简述你最想推荐的汉字及理由；谈谈你对该活动的感想。注意：词数100词左右。可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。HighschoolstudentsrecommendrenasmessagetotheworldTheChinesecharacterren,awordthatgenerallymeans“benevolence(仁)”,hasbeenselectedbyhighschoolstudentsinapoll(民意调查)tohighlightChineseculturearoundtheworld.Thecharacterrenwasselectedby8.33percentofthe3,000respondentswhotookpartinthepoll,accordingtooneoftheorganisers,astudentfromahighschool.Itwasfollowedbythecharactersai,yi,mengandxiao,whichmean‘‘love”,“one”,“dream’’and“filialpiety(孝)”.Thosecharactersrankedinthe“top-20mostbeautifulChinesecharacters”.(ChinaDaily,March6,2022.Page4)TheMostBeautifulChineseCharacter ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Recently,somehighschoolstudentshaveconductedapolltochoosethemostbeautifulChinesecharacter.Amongtensofthousandsofcharacters,“ren,ai,yi,meng,xiao”arestronglyrecommended.Obviously,moststudentsthinkthefivecharacterscarrytypicalChinesecultureintermsoftraditionalbeliefsandcorevaluesconcerningmoralityandethics.Ofthesecharacters,Iputmengonthetopofmylist.Holdingmeng,whichmeansbestwishesforthefuture,oneisnotonlytoseekforopportunitiesforabetterlife,butalsotocreatebrand-newthingsforpeoplearoundtheworld.Personally,Chinesecharactersaresocharmingthattheyaretreasuresofhumancultures.WithdeeploveforChineseculture,weshouldstrivetopromotethemtotheworld.【解析】【导语】本书面表达是一篇开放作文。要求考生根据一则新闻报道，简要概括学生推荐五个汉字（仁、爱、义、梦、孝）的理由，它们的寓意以及自己的感想。【详解】1.词汇积累组织，进行：conduct→carryout显然：obviously→apparently关于：concerning→withregardto在我看来：personally→frommypointofview2.句型拓展合并句子原句：Amongtensofthousandsofcharacters,“ren,ai,yi,meng,xiao”arestronglyrecommended.Obviously,moststudentsthinkthefivecharacterscarrytypicalChinesecultureintermsoftraditionalbeliefsandcorevaluesconcerningmoralityandethics.拓展句：Amongtensofthousandsofcharacters,“ren,ai,yi,meng,xiao”arestronglyrecommended,whichmoststudentsthinkcarrytypicalChinesecultureintermsoftraditionalbeliefsandcorevaluesconcerningmoralityandethics.【点睛】[高分句型1]Holdingmeng,whichmeansbestwishesforthefuture,oneisnotonlytoseekfor opportunitiesforabetterlife,butalsotocreatebrand-newthingsforpeoplearoundtheworld.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）[高分句型2]Obviously,moststudentsthinkthefivecharacterscarrytypicalChinesecultureintermsoftraditionalbeliefsandcorevaluesconcerningmoralityandethics.（运用了that引导宾语从句，that已省略）听力答案：1~5BCAAC6~10ABCAB11~15ABCCC16~20BABCC