上海市松江区2022-2023学年高考英语一模试题（Word版附解析）

松江区2022学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三英语考生注意：1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。2．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写座位号和姓名。3．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Thegirl’steacher.B.Theshopassistant.C.Thegirl’sclassmate.D.Thecalculatorrepairman.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Canweuseourcalculatorsonthetest?M:Yes,ifyoubringthematthebeginningofthetest.I’llcheckthemoutandreturnthemrightawaysoyoucanusethem.Q:Whoisprobablythemaninthedialogue？2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Excited.B.Exhausted.C.Worried.D.Frightened.【答案】B 【解析】【原文】M:It’salmostmidnight.Whydon’tweleavethelaundryuntiltomorrow?W:Goodidea.Iamalmostbeaten.Q:Howdoesthewomanfeel?3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Inanelectronicsshop.B.Inaforeignexchangemarket.C.Inadepartmentstore.D.Inanold-fashionedprintshop.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Couldyoushowmeyourreceiptforthisshirtinordertoexchangeit?M:Ok,hereitis.Idownloadedtheelectronicreceiptandprinteditout.Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostlikelytakeplace?4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Shehastodealwiththetaskfirst.B.Shewantstoputofftheurgenttask.C.She’llgoforaholidaythisweekend.D.Sheshouldleavefortheemergencyroom.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Youareleavingforyourvacationasplannedthisweekend,aren’tyou?W:Ihadplannedto,butanurgenttaskputmeoff.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Acity.B.Afriend.C.Auniversity.D.Abook.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W:WhatdoyouthinkofYouJustDon’tUnderstand? M:Sorry,Ihaven’ttheslightestclueaboutit.ButIdoknowthattheauthorstudiedattheUniversityofPennsylvaniafor6years.Itwasaboutthatpartofherlife.Q:Whataretheymainlytalkingabout?6.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】ATohavemoresleep.B.Topreparebreakfast.C.Togetuprightaway.D.Toeatbreakfastatonce.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Sally,getup.Yourbreakfastisgettingcold.W:Idon’tfeellikehavinganybreakfastyet.Q:WhatisSallyprobablygoingtodo?7.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Becauseheisinratherpoorhealth.B.Becausehehastroubleswallowingthings.C.Becausehewasrefusedbyhisfavoritecompany.D.Becausehecouldn’tworkoutadreamapplication.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Jacklooksdepressedthesedays.Doyouknowwhy?M:Oh,poorJack.Theapplicationtohisdreamcompanywasrejected.Itmaytakedaysforhimtoswallowthepain.Q:WhydoesJacklookdepressed?8.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Toreadtheessayout.B.Topolishhisideas.C.Toworkoutanoutline.D.Toordercosmetics.【答案】C 【解析】【原文】M:Ican’tseemtoorganizemyprinciplesofthecosmeticsindustry.W:Haveyouthoughtaboutgivingadescriptionofthemainfactsorpointsinvolved?Q:Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?9.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Thevisionphonehadbetterbeshutoff.B.Aconvenientlifecanbeenjoyedathome.C.Peoplemakeasmartphonewithmuchease.D.Robotsmayreplacepeopleintheworkplace.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Seeingthedoctorathome,doingshoppingathome,oh,wecandomanythingswithvisionphonesathome.M:Certainlywecan.It’spossiblethatwecommonpeoplewillhaverobotsdothehouseworkintheverynearfuture.Q:Whatisimpliedintheconversation?10.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Hedidn’tbehavehimselfatschool.B.Hewon’tgraduatethissummer.C.Heistooyoungtorunacompany.D.Heputshisknowledgeintouse.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M:Stevewon’tgraduateuntilthissummer,butdidyouknowthathehasalreadystartedhisowncomputercompany?W:Oh,he’sreallyusingwhathe’slearned.Q:WhatdoesthewomansayaboutSteve?SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.The passagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.A.Penangisfamousforpreciouspearls.B.EnjoyingPenangfoodonbeachesisadvised.C.MysteriesinPenangareworthyofexploration.D.Warm-heartedpeopleareeverywhereinPenang.12.A.Whenthetemplewasfinished.B.Whenthetemplewasinhabited.C.Whentheycaughtsightofsacredthings.D.Whentheysensedthepopularityoftheregion.13.A.AsecretAsianattraction.B.Awonderfultouristspot.C.Apopulardestinationforfood.D.Anaturalgardenforspecialists.【答案】11.C12.A13.B【解析】【原文】Penang,whichisalsoknownas“PearloftheOrient”inMalaysia,isafoodparadisewithlongwhitesandybeaches.Malaysiaisalsofamousforitsmulti-racialcultureandwarm-heartedpeople.IfyouknowmoreaboutPenangandMalaysia,you’llbefascinated.PenangneedslittleintroductiontomanyvisitorstoMalaysia,havinglongbeenknownasoneofSoutheastAsia’sfinestdestinations.Penang’soutstandingbeachesandtypicalsightshavemadeitoneofthemostpopulardestinationsintheregion.Asfascinatingasitsbeachesare,someofPenang’sdeepermysteriesshouldalsobeexperienced.Accordingtothefolktale,theSnakeTemplewasinhabitedbysnakeswhichcrawledoutofthejungleonthenightofthetemple’scompletion.Thesnakesarestilltheretoday.OtherworthwhilestopsarethedelightfulPenangBirdParkattheromanticpeakofPenangHill.Youmayseemonkeystalkinginthetrees,seaeaglessurveyingtheirprey,andmaybeyoucanalsohavea glimpseofaHawksbillturtleheadingforthesea.Somehotelsorganizeearlymorningwalkingthroughtheforest.Questions:1.Whatwouldthespeakermostprobablyagreewith?2.Accordingtothefolktale,whendidthesnakescrawloutofthejungle?3.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.A.Becomeartistsjustlikehim.B.Understandhimandlearnfromhim.C.Saysomethingfromtheirheart.D.Createbeautyanddreamsthemselves.15.A.Becausetheydon’tbothertoexpressthemselves.B.Becausetheyusecomplicatedwordsandphrases.C.Becausetheyuseshapesandcolorsratherthanwords.D.Becausetheydon’tshowanyinterestineverydaylife.16A.Howpainterscommunicatewitheachother.B.Howpaintersconveytheideasintheirwork.C.Whypaintersaremisunderstoodbythepublic.D.Whypaintersputmuchemphasisoncreativity.【答案】14.B15.C16.B【解析】【原文】Whatdoesanartistwanttodo?Thejobinvolvescreatingbeautyanddreams.Everyartistknowsinhisheartthatheissayingsomethingtothepublic.Notonlydoeshewanttosayitwell,buthewantsittobesomethingthathasnotbeensaidbefore.Hehopesthepublicwilllistenandunderstandwhathewantstoteach,andhewantsthemtolearnfromhim.Whatpainterswanttoteachiseasytomakeoutbutdifficulttoexplain,becausepainterstranslatetheirexperiencesintoshapesandcolors,notwords.Theyseemtofeelthatacertainselectionofshapesandcolors,isspeciallyinterestingfor themandworthshowingtous.Withouttheirworkweshouldneverhavenoticedtheseparticularshapesandcolors,orhavefeltthedelightwhichtheybroughttotheartist.Mostartiststaketheirshapesandcolorsfromtheworldornatureandfromhumanbodiesinmotionandpose;theirchoicesshowthattheseaspectsoftheworldareworthlookingatandthattheycontainbeautifulsights.Modernartistsmightsaythattheyonlychooseobjectsthatprovideaninterestingpatternandthatthereisnothingmoreinit.Yettheydonotchooseentirelywithoutreferencetothecharacteroftheirobjects.Questions:14.Whatdoesanartisthopethatthepublicwilldo?15.Whyisithardtoexplainwhatpaintersaresaying?16.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.A.Neighbors.B.Colleagues.C.Relatives.D.Schoolmates.18.A.Producingfruits.B.Wrappingvegetables.C.Cuttinggrass.D.Cleaningleaves.19.A.Enjoyablesometimes.B.Niceallalong.C.Meaninglessattimes.D.Hardallthetime.20.A.Hightuitionthespeakersareloadedwith.B.Part-timejobsthespeakersaretakingnow.C.Reasonswhythespeakerstakepart-timejobs.D.Weaknessesthespeakersthinkpart-timejobshave.【答案】17.D18.B19.A20.B【解析】【原文】M:Oh,Linda.Whatareyouuptothesedays?Itseemsagessincewemetinthecanteen.W:Hi,Phil.I’monmywayhomefromwork.M:Ididn’tknowyouhadajob. W:Yeah,Iworkparttimeatasupermarket.M:Whatdoyoudothere?W:Iworkintheproducesection,wrappingfreshfruitandvegetables.Ialsoputgoodsonshelves.Sometimeswhenitreallygetsbusy,Iwillassistatthecheck-outcounter.Haveyougotajob,Phil?M:Yeah,Idogardenworkforpeople.Youknow,cuttinggrass,watering,cleaningleaves,pullingweeds,thingslikethat.W:I’dlikedoingthat.Itmustbenicetoworkoutdoors.M:Sometimesitis,exceptwhenitrainsorsnowsorgetstoohotortoocoldor...W:Iguesseveryjobhasitsdrawbacks.TherearetimeswhenIgetprettytiredofcarryingthingsaroundatmyjob.Butajobisajob,andonthewholeitensuresagreatsenseofachievement.Andyouknow,Idon’twanttoburdenmyparentswiththehighcollegefees.M:Metoo.Tuitioninourcollegeishigh,isn’tit?Well,I’dbettergetgoing.I’vegottoplantsometreesformyneighborsthisafternoon.W:Allright,seeyou!M:Itisgreatseeingyou,Linda.Bye!Questions:17.What’stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?18WhichofthefollowingisLinda’sjob?19.Howdoesthemanthinkofhispart-timejob?20.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.ClosertoEqualityLeft.Right.Left.Rightagain.Gettinglostintherhythmofmyturnswasoneofmyfavoritepartsofskiing.WheneverIfeelthesoft,powderysnowbeneathmyskis,IfeellikeI’mcapableof___21___. IstartedskiingwhenIwasjustthreeyearsold.Whiletheotherchildreninmygroup___22___(mess)around,Iwasbusyrollingdownthesmallslopes.Althoughthereweremanydifficulties,Isoonmasteredthebasicconcepts___23___(underlie)theartofturning.Idecidedtotakemyskiing___24___thenextlevelandjoinedateamwhenIwasseven.Ridingthechairliftwithmymother,Isawfreeskiersspinningthroughtheair.IimmediatelyknewwhichteamIwantedtojoin:freeskiing,aneventheavily___25___(dominate)byboys.AssoonasIjoinedtheteam,Iwasplacedatits___26___(low)level.However,Ineverstoppedclimbingtherankings___27___Iwasplacedintothehighestgroup.Atthatpoint,Iwastheonlygirlonmyteam.Iwasputdownatfirst;nobodywantedtoridethechairliftwithme.Butastimepassed,Islowlybecamemoreaccepted.Andthisentireprocesstookthreeyears.Inthepast,havingbeenforcedtoassumetherolesofstay-at-homeandmotherlyfigures,womencouldn’timagine___28___theywantedtobe.Eventoday,insomecountries,therearestillsomanycases___29___peoplearenotyetacceptingtheideathatwomencanmaketheirownchoicesorpavetheirownpaths.Butifwearetofullyaccepttheseviews,wewillbeabletomoveclosertoequality.Beingagirlinsuchasportcanbedifficult,butI’mactuallythankfulthatmyexperienceshavetaughtmetofacewhateversetbacksImeetwithinlife.Iencourageyou,allthegirls,___30___(step)outofyourcomfortzonetoshowtheboysthatgirlsarejustaspowerfulastheyare.【答案】21.anything##everything22.weremessing23.underlying24.to25.dominated26.lowest27.till##until##before28.what##who29.where30.tostep【解析】【导语】本文为一篇应用文。本文改编自谷爱凌12岁时的一次演讲内容，文章介绍了她的滑雪历程中体会到的男女不平等，她鼓励其他女孩要走出舒适区，让男孩们知道女孩和他们一样强大。【21题详解】考查不定代词。句意：每次感受到滑雪板下柔软的粉状雪时，我就觉得自己无所不能。根据 前一句“Gettinglostintherhythmofmyturnswasoneofmyfavoritepartsofskiing.(我最喜欢滑雪的一点便是沉溺于自己转身的节奏中)”，以及第二段最后一句“Althoughthereweremanydifficulties,Isoonmasteredthebasicconcepts　　3　　　(underlie)theartofturning.(尽管有许多困难，我很快就掌握了转身的艺术的基本概念。)”，作者喜欢滑雪，并熟练掌握了其中的技巧，所以觉得自己在滑雪这方面无所不能了。becapableof意为“有能力”，设空处应用复合不定代词anything或everything，作of的宾语。故填anything/everything。【22题详解】考查时态。句意：当我们组的其他孩子在胡闹时，我正忙着从小斜坡上滚下来。while引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词为延续状态，应用过去进行时，主语为theotherchildren，为复数，助动词应用were。故填weremessing。【23题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管有许多困难，我很快就掌握了转身的艺术的基本概念。此句谓语为mastered，故设空处为非谓语动词，underlie意为“构成……的基础”，为及物动词，与逻辑主语thebasicconcepts为主谓关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。全科免费下载公众号《高中僧课堂》故填underlying。【24题详解】考查介词。句意：在我七岁的时候，我决定要把我的滑雪水平提升到一个新的水平，我加入了一个团队。短语takesth.tothenextlevel意为“将……提升一个台阶，使……更上一层楼”，设空处应填介词to。故填to。【25题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我马上就知道我想加入哪支队伍了：自由滑雪，一个被男生统治的项目。anevent为freeskiing的同位语，后接非谓语动词短语，作后置定语。dominate意为“统治，支配；占绝对优势”，为及物动词，与逻辑主语anevent之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词表被动。故填dominated。【26题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：我一加入团队，就被安排在最低级别。根据后文“However,Ineverstoppedclimbingtherankings　　　7　　　Iwasplacedintothehighestgroup.(然而，我的排名从未停止上升，直到我被分到级别最高的一组。)”可知，该团队把队员按能力分成多个组。故设空处应用形容词low的最高级lowest，表“最低级别”，作level的前置定语。故填lowest。 【27题详解】考查连词。句意：然而，我的排名从未停止上升，直到我被分到最高的一组或在我被分到最高的一组之前。根据本句句意可知，作者在进去最高级别组之前，一直在努力中，设空处应用连词till(直到)或until(直到)或before(在……以前)，引导时间状语从句。故填till/until/before。【28题详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：在过去，女性被迫承担家庭主妇和母亲的角色，无法想象自己想成为什么样的人。谓语动词imagine后接宾语从句，从句中缺表语，根据句意，设空处应填what或who，引导宾语从句，表“他们想成为什么样的人”。故填what/who。【29题详解】考查定语从句的关系副词。句意：即使在今天，在一些国家，仍有许多情况下，人们尚未接受妇女可以自己做出选择或开辟自己的道路的这种思想。根据句子结构，somanycases为先行词，后接限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中为地点状语，设空处应用关系副词where。故填where。【30题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我鼓励你们，所有的女孩，走出你的舒适区，向男孩们展示女孩和他们一样强大。此处考查动词短语encouragesb.todosth.，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，设空处应用动词不定式，作宾补。故填tostep。SectionBDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.dismissedB.faintlyC.foreignD.grantedE.journeyedF.mysteriousG.overlookH.promiseIreflectionJ.typicallyK.versionTheCharmofDaffodilsOnApril15,1802,thepoetWilliamWordsworthandhissisterwereenjoyingaspringwalkthroughthehillswhentheycameacrossafieldofdaffodils(水仙花).Williamdecidedtherewasnothingforitbuttowriteapoem,whichhepublishedinitsfinal___31___in1815.IWanderedLonelyasaCloudis,tosomepeople,themostfamous___32___onthepowerofnature—Foroft,whenonmycouchIlieInvacantorinpensivemood, TheyflashuponthatinwardeyeWhichistheblissofsolitude;Andthenmyheartwithpleasurefills,Anddanceswiththedaffodils.Long___33___asacommonfieldflower,unworthyofseriousattentionbytheartist,poetorgardener,thedaffodilenjoyedarevivalthanksinparttoWordsworth’spoem.Today,it’seasyto____34____thedaffodilforwecanfinditalmosteverywhere,ingardensorinart.ThedaffodiloriginatedintheancientMediterranean,wherepeopleassociatedthemwiththeideaofdeathandlife.ItsscientificnamecomesfromthestoryofNarcissus,ahandsomeyouthfallinginlovewithhisownimage.Thegods___35___himimmortality(永生)asadaffodiltosavehimfromdeath.Butitisn’tonlyMediterraneanculturesthathaveconcentratedonthedaffodil’s___36___poweroflifeanddeath.Avarietyofthedaffodils___37___alongtheSilkRoadtoChina.There,theflowerappearedtoexpressnotonlythehappy___38___ofspring,butalsootherpainfulemotionssuchasloss.TheEnglishbotanistJohnParkinsonintroducedthetraditionalyellowvarietyfromSpainin1618.Aidedbyawetbuttemperateclimate,daffodilsquicklyspreadacrosslawnsandfields,causingits___39___originstobeforgotten.Bythe19thcenturytheyhadbecome___40___British—somuchthattradersplantedbucketfulsofbulbswherevertheywent.【答案】31.K32.I33.A34.G35.D36.F37.E38.H39.C40.J【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述水仙花由于诗人威廉·华兹华斯而遍布于英国。【31题详解】考查名词。句意：威廉决定，除了写诗，别无选择，他于1815年出版了这首诗的最终版本。分析句子可知，形容词final后面应填名词，version表“版本”，为名词，在本句中作介词后宾语，符合句意。故选K项。【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：对某些人来说，《我孤独地漫游》是对大自然力量最著名的表达。分析句子可知，形容词famous后面应填名词，reflection表“表达”，为名词，在本句中作表语，符合句意。故选I项。【33题详解】考查非谓语。句意：长久以来，水仙花一直被视为一种普通的野花，不值得艺术家、诗人或园丁认真关注，但由于华兹华斯的诗歌，水仙花得以复兴。分析句子可知，此空应填分词作状语，dismiss表“不予考虑”，为动词，这里应用过去分词形式dismissed表被动，作状语。故选A项。【34题详解】考查不定式。句意：今天，我们很容易忽视水仙花，因为无论在花园还是在艺术中，我们几乎随处可见它们。分析句子可知，此空应填动词原形，与前面to构成不定式，作逻辑主语。overlook表“忽略”，为动词，符合句意。故选G项。【35题详解】考查时态。句意：众神赐予他长生不老的水仙，以使他免于死亡。分析句子可知，此空应填动词作本句谓语，grant表“授予”，为动词，这里应用一般过去时granted，符合句意。故选D项。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：但不仅仅是地中海文化集中于水仙花神秘的生与死的力量。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作定语修饰后面名词power，mysterious表“神秘的”，为形容词，在本句中作定语，符合句意。故选F项。【37题详解】考查时态。句意：各种各样的水仙花沿着丝绸之路来到中国。分析句子可知，此空应填动词作谓语，且时态与后文保持一致用一般过去时，journey表“旅行”，为动词，这里应用一般过去时journeyed，符合句意。故选E项。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：在那里，这朵花似乎不仅表达了春天的快乐承诺，还表达了其他痛苦的情绪，如失落。分析句子可知，形容词happy后应填名词，promise表“承诺”，为名词，在本句中作宾语。故选H项。【39题详解】考查形容词。句意：在潮湿但温和的气候的帮助下，水仙花迅速蔓延到草坪和田野，导致人 们忘记了它的外来起源。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词修饰后面名词origins，foreign表“外来的”，为形容词，在本句中作定语，符合句意。故选C项。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：到了19世纪，它们已经成为典型的英国的花，以至于商人无论走到哪里都会种植成桶的球茎。分析句子可知，此空应填副词作状语修饰后面形容词British，typically表“典型地”，为副词，在本句中作状语，符合句意。故选J项。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Theinventionoftheprintingpresseventuallyledtoourmodernworld.Whatdoestheprintingpressdoandwhyisitimportant?Aprintingpressisanyformoftechnologythatappliespressurebetweenaninkedsurfaceandaprintmedium(likepaperorcloth).___41___,itisameansoftransferringinkfromaninkedsurfacetothemedium.Themodernprintingpresswasanenormousimprovementonthe___42___system.Peopleusedtorecordbyhandusinga“pen”andinkorbrushingandrubbingrepeatedlytoachieveinktransfer.Suchmethodswerehistoricallyusedprimarilyfortexts,which___43___asmallcirculation(流通)andahighprize.However,theinvention oftheprintingpress___44___bookmaking anddistributionaroundtheworld. Asthepricesofbookproductionfell,lesswealthymembersofsocietycouldsuddenlygainaccesstothisformer___45___item.Wherewastheprintingpressinvented?Whensomeonementionstheprintingpress,thewesternworldwill___46___thinkof JohannesGuttenberg’srevolution inthe15thCentury.Whilehisinventionwasa(n)___47___,itwasn’tthefirstprintingpresstobedeveloped.Actually,its initiation stretchesbacktothe 3rdCenturyinasmallnumberofareas, withits___48___intowideuseduringthe TangDynasty. Despitethisfact,Guttenberg___49___hisplaceinhistoryforthefantasticmass-productionof booksforthefirsttime. Beforehisinvention,ideaswerespreadina(n)____50____process.Thateffectivelymeantaccesstotheprintedworldwaslimitedtothosewhocould____51____its highprice.DidtheChineseinventtheprintingpress?Theearliestcopyof TheDiamondSutra(《金刚经》)wasdiscoveredinsideacavenearDunhuang,whichwasprintedinthe9thCentury.Thistextisdescribedas“theearliestcomplete____52____ofadatedprintedbook”.Itsdiscovery____53____whatthewesternersthoughttheyknewaboutthedevelopmentoftheprintingpress.Printingprocesswasheavily____54____inthe 11thCentury afterBiSheng,whowasbornintoacommonfamily,developedaformofearlymovabletype.AlthoughlittleelseisknownaboutBi,his____55____methodofproducinghundredsofindividualcharacterswasahugestepping-stoneonthepathtothemodernprintingpress.41.A.ForexampleB.BycontrastC.InotherwordsD.Asaresult42.A.repetitiveB.progressiveC.recordableD.previous43.A.featuredB.eliminatedC.reversedD.promoted44.A.dischargedB.revolutionizedC.prioritizedD.implemented45.A.vigorB.luxuryC.visibleD.plain46.A.neutrallyB.jealouslyC.instinctivelyD.distressingly47.A.insightB.downturnC.outburstD.breakthrough48.A.restrictionB.investigationC.perceptionD.adaptation49.A.deservesB.insistsC.forecastsD.strengthens50.A.time-limitedB.tech-addictedC.effort-consumingD.money-saving51.A.impactB.affordC.reviseD.boast52.A.destructionB.renewalC.survivalD.motivation53.A.inheritedB.declaredC.misledD.rewrote 54.A.modeledB.fueledC.industrializedD.suspended55.A.innovativeB.unimpressiveC.abnormalD.conventional【答案】41.C42.D43.A44.B45.B46.C47.D48.D49.A50.C51.B52.C53.D54.B55.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了印刷术的发展和意义。【41题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：换句话说，它是一种将墨水从着墨表面转移到介质上的方法。A.Forexample例如；B.Bycontrast相比之下；C.Inotherwords换句话说；D.Asaresult结果。分析语境可知，后文“itisameansoftransferringinkfromaninkedsurfacetothemedium(它是把油墨从被墨的表面转移到介质上的一种方法)”是对前文“Aprintingpress”的另一种解释，即，“换句话说”。故选C项。【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现代印刷术是对以前方法的巨大改进。A.repetitive重复乏味的；B.progressive进步的，先进的；C.recordable可记录的；D.previous先前的，以往的。分析前后文语境可知，“system(方法)”应是指后文“Peopleusedtorecordbyhandusinga‘pen’andinkorbrushingandrubbingrepeatedlytoachieveinktransfer.(人们习惯于用“笔”和墨水进行手工记录，或反复刷擦，以实现墨水的转移。)”提及的“旧”印刷术。故选D项。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种方法在历史上主要用于文本，其特点是发行量小，成本高。A.featured以……为特色，以……为主要组成；B.eliminated清除，消除；C.reversed彻底转变，使完全相反；D.promoted促进，提升。根据前文“Suchmethodswerehistoricallyusedprimarilyfortexts(这种方法在历史上主要用于文本)”可知，这种印刷术主要用于文本印刷，结合历史常识可推知，其特点应是流通性较小且成本高。故选A项。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，印刷机的发明彻底改变了世界各地的制书和发行。A.discharged释放，允许……离开；B.revolutionized彻底改变，完全变革；C.prioritized优先考虑；D.implemented实施，执行。根据后文“Asthepricesofbookproductionfell,lesswealthymembersofsocietycouldsuddenlygainaccessto…( 随着图书生产价格的下降，不太富裕的社会成员突然可以获得……)”可知，印刷术的发明使得不富裕的阶级能够接触到书本，由此可推知，印刷术改变了书本印刷和发行。故选B项。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析和形容词词义辨析。句意：随着书籍生产价格的下降，不太富裕的社会成员突然可以获得这种曾经的奢侈品。A.vigor活力；B.luxury奢侈；C.visible看得见的，明显的；D.plain朴素的，单纯的。根据前文“Asthepricesofbookproductionfell(随着图书生产价格的下降)”可推知，以往的书本印刷和发行成本较高，对于不富裕阶级来说是奢侈品。故选B项。【46题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当有人提到印刷机时，西方世界会本能地想到15世纪JohannesGuttenberg的革命。A.neutrally中立，保持中立；B.jealously努力地，嫉妒地；C.instinctively本能地，凭直觉地；D.distressingly令人苦恼地，悲惨地。根据后文“Despitethisfact,Guttenberg___9___hisplaceinhistoryforthefantasticmass-productionofbooksforthefirsttime.(尽管如此，Guttenberg在历史上的地位当之无愧，因为他第一次大规模生产了大量的书籍。)”可知，Guttenberg的印刷术在历史上影响较为深远，因此，一提到印刷术，西方人会本能地想起他。故选C项。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然他的发明是一个突破，但它并不是第一个印刷术。A.insight洞悉，了解；B.downturn衰退，下降；C.outburst爆发，激化；D.breakthrough突破。根据后文“Despitethisfact,Guttenberg___9___hisplaceinhistoryforthefantasticmass-productionofbooksforthefirsttime.(尽管如此，Guttenberg在历史上的地位当之无愧，因为他第一次大规模生产了大量的书籍。)”可知，Guttenberg的印刷术在历史上影响较为深远，是一个突破。故选D项。【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，它的起源可以追溯到3世纪的少数地区，并在唐代得到广泛应用。A.restriction限制规定；B.investigation调查，侦查；C.perception感知，见解；D.adaptation适应，改变。根据前文“inasmallnumberofareas(在少数地区)”以及“intowideuse(广泛使用)”可知，早期印刷术的使用经历了从小范围使用到大范围使用的改变和适应。故选D项。【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，Guttenberg在历史上的地位当之无愧，因为他第一次大规模生产了大量的书籍。A.deserves值得，应受；B.insists坚持；C.forecasts预测，预报；D.strengthens增强，巩固。根据后文“forthefantasticmass-productionofbooksforthefirsttime(第一次大规模生产书籍)”可知，Guttenberg的印刷术使得图书大量生产，由此在历史上应得到一定的地位。故选A项。【50题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他发明之前，思想的传播是一个耗费精力的过程。A.time-limited有时间限制的；B.tech-addicted沉迷于技术的；C.effort-consuming耗费精力的；D.money-saving省钱的。根据后文“Thateffectivelymeantaccesstotheprintedworldwaslimitedtothosewhocould___11__itshighprice.(这实际上意味着只有那些能够负担得起高昂价格的人才能接触到印刷世界。)”可知，他的印刷术出现之前，印刷耗时耗力。故选C项。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这实际上意味着只有那些能够负担得起高昂价格的人才能接触到印刷世界。A.impact（对某事物）有影响，有作用；B.afford承担得起；C.revise改变，修改；D.boast自夸。根据后文宾语“itshighprice”意为“高额的价格”，应是动作“承担得起”。故选B项。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本书被描述为“现存最早完整的印刷书籍”。A.destruction毁灭，破坏；B.renewal更新，重新开始；C.survival生存，幸存；D.motivation动力，诱因。根据前文“TheearliestcopyofTheDiamondSutrawasdiscoveredinsideacavenearDunhuang,whichwasprintedinthe9thCentury.(最早的《金刚经》是在敦煌附近的一个山洞里发现的，它是9世纪印刷的。)”可知，《金刚经》是9世纪印刷的，是历史演变过程中幸存下来的印刷本。故选C项。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它的发现改写了西方人对印刷机发展的认知。A.inherited继承，继任；B.declared公布，宣布；C.misled误导；D.rewrote改写，重写。根据后文“whatthewesternersthoughttheyknewaboutthedevelopmentoftheprintingpress(西方人以为他们了解印刷术的发展)”可知，《金刚经》的发现应是颠覆了西方人所了解的印刷术，“改写”了印刷术发展史。故选D项。【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在出生在普通家庭的毕昇发明了早期活字印刷术后，印刷术在11世纪得到了极大的发展。A.modeled将……做成模型，复制；B.fueled给……提供燃料，刺激；C.industrialized（使）工业化；D.suspended暂停，中止。根据后文“developedaformofearlymovabletype(发展了早期活字印刷的一种形式)”可推知，毕昇发明的早期活字印刷给印刷术的发展带来了刺激和动力。故选B项。【55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管人们对毕昇知之甚少，但他创造数百个汉字的创新方法是现代印刷术发展道路上的一块巨大垫脚石。A.innovative革新的，创新的；B.unimpressive普通的，平庸的；C.abnormal不正常的，反常的；D.conventional墨守成规的，传统的。根据前文“developedaformofearlymovabletype(发展了早期活字印刷的一种形式)”可知，毕昇发展了早期的活字印刷术，这是一种改革和创新。故选A项。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)WheneverIasktogotothemovies,mymom’sfirstresponseisalways“No!”WhenIwanttogodancing,sheaddsafirm“No!No!No!”foremphasis.Sheclaimssheisonlytryingtoprotectmefromwhatshecalls“badelements”.Onasunnyday,MomrejectedmyrequesttogotoWestIndianDayParadeandinsistedIaccompanyherassheworkedcleaningalargehouse.Ifollowedhertoagranddiningroom,watchingherapplylemon-scentedpolishtothefurniture.Iimaginedmyfriendsdressingupinfancycostumes,enjoyingthecelebratorytimeattheparade.Iglaredatmymother,hopingshecouldfeeltheangerIwasdirectingherway.ButasIwatched,myemotionsbegantochange.Inoticedhowtenderlysherubbedherdustingclothalongalargepianointhecorner.“IsthislikeyourpianoinGuyana,Mom?”Iasked.“Yes.ThisbabygrandpianoisexactlyliketheonemyDadboughtmewhenIwasyourage.”Hersighwasfulloflonging.Iknewthatmymotherhadbeenatalentedpianist.Ivaguelyrecalleddancingunderthepiano whenshepracticedforhourseveryday.Nowshecouldbarelyplayforourchurchchoirbecauseherfingersweregnarledfromsomanydaysspentcleaningotherpeople’shomes.“Stop!”Mrs.Smithers,thehomeowner,yelled,“That’saveryvaluableinstrument!”“Iamwellawareofthat.”shesaidslowly,“Iplayformychurch.”“Butthat’snotachurch-musicpiano.Weplayclassicalmusiconthatpiano.”Iwatchedasmymother’seyesnarrowedandherfacetightened.Ifeltthesametighteninginmychest.“Youdon’tknowanythingaboutus…orpianos!”Iscreamed.ImmediatelyIworriedIhaddonesomethingwrong,butIalsofeltthetighteninginmychestloosened.Iwaitedformymothertoblameme,butinsteadsheglancedmyway,smilingproudly.“That’sallIhavetimefortoday.MydaughterandIaregoingtotheparade.Comeon,love.”“ButVeronica,youwillreturnnextweek,right?”“No!”saidmymother,“No!No!No!”56.Theunderlinedword“gnarled”inparagraph4probablymeans______.A.roughandtwistedB.cleanandswiftC.painfulbutsensitiveD.bentbutflexible57.Whatdoyouknowaboutthemotheraccordingtothearticle?A.Sheregrettedbeingacleaningwoman.B.Shequitherhobbytosupportthefamily.C.Sherefusedthedaughter’srequestduetothetightbudget.D.Shewishedherdaughtertobecomeawell-respectedpianist.58.Howdidthewriter’sattitudetowardhermotherchangeontheday?A.Fromcriticaltoashamed.B.Fromfearfultorespectful.C.Frompitifultounderstanding.D.Fromangrytosympathetic.59.Whatdoesthestorymainlywanttoexpress?A.Don’tlookdownuponthoseinferiortoyou.B.Reachingoutforthoseintroublecanberewarding.C.Understandingothers’experienceshelpsidentifywiththem.D.Don’tabandonyourideaevenifoneshowsstrongdisagreement.【答案】56.A57.B58.D59.C 【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了作者被迫跟着妈妈去她打扫卫生的房子，一开始因为不能和朋友们一起参加游行而生妈妈的气，后来看钢琴想起妈妈为了养家而放弃自己的爱好，当房子主人轻视妈妈时，作者感同身受，并帮着反击。【56题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线部分所在句子“Nowshecouldbarelyplayforourchurchchoirbecauseherfingersweregnarledfromsomanydaysspentcleaningotherpeople’shomes.(现在她几乎不能为我们教堂的唱诗班演奏了，因为她的手指因为长时间打扫别人的房子而变得gnarled)”可知，作者的母亲长时间为别人打扫，不能再为教堂唱诗班演奏，由此可知她的手指一定是变得粗糙扭曲了，即划线词意为“粗糙扭曲的”。故选A。【57题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Iknewthatmymotherhadbeenatalentedpianist.Ivaguelyrecalleddancingunderthepianowhenshepracticedforhourseveryday.Nowshecouldbarelyplayforourchurchchoirbecauseherfingersweregnarledfromsomanydaysspentcleaningotherpeople’shomes.(我知道我的母亲是一位有天赋的钢琴家。我依稀记得她每天练习几个小时，而我随着曲子跳舞。现在她几乎不能为我们教堂的唱诗班演奏了，因为她的手指因为长时间打扫别人的房子而变得粗糙)”可知，作者的妈妈为了养家糊口而放弃了自己的爱好。故选B。【58题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Iglaredatmymother,hopingshecouldfeeltheangerIwasdirectingherway.(我瞪着母亲，希望她能感受到我对她的愤怒)”和倒数第五段的“Iwatchedasmymother’seyesnarrowedandherfacetightened.Ifeltthesametighteninginmychest.(我看着母亲眯起眼睛，脸色凝重。我的胸口也有同样的压迫感)”推知，那天作者对妈妈的态度从愤怒变成了同情。故选D。【59题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者被迫跟着妈妈去她打扫卫生的房子，一开始因为不能和朋友们一起参加游行而生妈妈的气，后来看钢琴想起妈妈为了养家而放弃自己的爱好，当房子主人轻视妈妈时，作者感同身受，并帮着反击。通过这次经历，作者理解了妈妈。由此推知，作者想要通过这个故事表达“理解他人的经历有助于与他们产生共鸣”。故选C。(B) Inordertoholdweight,arecommendationlettershould comefromarespectedsource.Youwouldbeawonderfulfitifyouworkedwiththecandidateinasupervisoryposition,say,amanagerorbossofsomesort,foranemployeralwayswantsaprofessionalreference.Occasionally,lettersfromacolleague,afriend,neighbor,orfamilymemberwillalsodo.Andwhatelementsshouldyourrecommendationletterincludetobeeffective?#1:ExplainingYourQualificationInthefirstparagraph,youshould explainwhoyouare,howyouknowthecandidateandhowlongyouworkedwithhim.Inthisway,youareshowingthatyou’remuchqualifiedtogiveanhonestassessment.Stronglettersgivepositivedescriptionsofyourqualificationsinaconciseandpowerfulway,whichcreatesaprofessionalandtrustworthyimageofyou.#2:BeingCustomizedtotheNewPositionWhileyoushouldspeaktothecandidate’saccomplishmentsinhispastrole,youshouldalsoshowwhyhe’dmakeagoodfitinthenextone. Youshouldexplainwhyhehasthedesiredabilitytodothejobwell,andattachthegreatestimportancetothis,evenifthecandidate’smakingacareerchange.Thecandidateshouldprovideyouwitheverythingyouneedtoknowtocustomizeyourletter.Bydrawingonthisinformation,youcan expressconfidencethatthecandidatewillsucceedinthenewrole. Thenwhenthehiringmanagerreadsyourletter,he’llfeelreassuredthatthecandidatewouldmakeagoodfit.#3:UsingSpecificExamplesFinally,yourlettershould providespecificexamplesaboutthecandidate. Don’tjustlistadjectiveslike,“friendly,intelligent,andhard-working”;instead,presentcircumstancesinwhichthecandidate demonstrated thosequalities.Notonlywillexamplespointtothevaluethecandidatebroughttoyourorganizationorcompany,butthey’llalso paintapictureofhowheworksinday-to-dayoperations. Usingtwotothreespecificexamplesinyourletterwillboostitslevelofpersuasiveness.60.Whoaretheintendedreadersofthispassage?A.Assessors.B.Employers.C.Candidates.D.Recommenders.61.Accordingtothepassage,acandidate’s______isusuallythemostsuitabletowritearecommendationletter. A.powerfulfriendB.supervisorymanagerC.respectedneighborD.trustworthycolleague62.Whatshouldawriterputemphasisoninarecommendationletter?A.Presentingthereaderwiththecandidate’sability.B.Exhibitinghisknowledgeaboutthenewindustry.C.Customizingtheletterwitheye-catchingdrawings.D.Showingthecandidate’sintelligencewithexamples.【答案】60.D61.B62.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了推荐信应该包含哪些要素才能有效。【60题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Andwhatelementsshouldyourrecommendationletterincludetobeeffective?(你的推荐信应该包含哪些要素才能有效？)”可推知，这篇文章是写给推荐者的。故选D。【61题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Youwouldbeawonderfulfitifyouworkedwiththecandidateinasupervisoryposition,say,amanagerorbossofsomesort,foranemployeralwayswantsaprofessionalreference.Occasionally,lettersfromacolleague,afriend,neighbor,orfamilymemberwillalsodo.(如果你和应聘者一起工作在管理职位上，比如经理或老板之类的职位上，你将是一个非常合适的人选，因为雇主总是想要一份专业的推荐信。偶尔，来自同事、朋友、邻居或家人的信件也可以)”可知，根据短文，候选人的主管通常最适合写推荐信。故选B。【62题详解】细节理解题。根据#2:BeingCustomizedtotheNewPosition部分中的“Youshouldexplainwhyhehasthedesiredabilitytodothejobwell,andattachthegreatestimportancetothis,evenifthecandidate’smakingacareerchange.(你应该解释他为什么有能力把工作做好，并把这一点放在最重要的位置，即使这位候选人要转行)”可知，写信者应该在推荐信中向读者重点展示应聘者的能力。故选A。(C)AlainAspect, aFrenchphysicist,whowonalong-expectedNobelPhysicsPrizeonTuesday(October4,2022),contributedalotinprovingthetheoryofquantumentanglement(量子缠绕),a theory—famouslyraisedbyAlbertEinstein—thatwhenaparticle(粒子)issplitintotwo,thepropertiesofthetwonewparticlesremainconnected,asifbyaninvisiblepieceofstring,regardlessofhowfaraparttheyare.ItremainedatheoryuntilAspectandhisteamproveditinalaboratoryexperimentforthefirsttimein1981,involvingtwophotons(光子)atadistanceof12meters.QuantumstrangenesshasfascinatedAspectasaphysicist.AwardedalongwithAustrianphysicistAntonZeilingerandJohnClauserfromtheUnitedStates,Aspectemphasisedtheimportanceofinternationalscientificcooperation.“Heisoneofthoseprofessorsinphysics.Awholecommunitytodayworksunderhisleadership,”saidRetailleau,aformerpresidentofParis-SaclayUniversity.“Aspectisalsoa‘tirelessteacher’whogivesimpressivelectures”,sheadded.HisformerstudentOlivierReymond,whoisnowworkingondevelopingaquantumprocessor,said,“Aswellaspassinghispassionforphysicsontohisstudents,Aspectisalsoafoodloverwhowilltellyouallabouthisrecipesforthegooseliver.”AlainAspectiswidelyrecognizedforhisexperimentaltestofBell’sinequalities,proposedbythelateJohnBellin1964,andtherelatedtestsrequiremeasurementstobemadeonphotonsmovingapartinoppositedirectionstolookforconnectionsbetweensomeoftheirphysicalproperties,forinstance,theirpolarizations.Aspect’smajorcontributionwastoproposeafeasibleexperimentalschemetomakethesemeasurementsbyrapidlychangingtheorientationofpolarizerswhilephotonsmovedthroughthedevice,andevenmoreimportantly,toimplementitsuccessfullyinhisexperiments.SheilaRowan,presidentoftheInstituteofPhysicswhichpublishesPhysicsWorld,congratulatedtheteamontheir“well-deserved”recognition.“Thisisanareaofphysicswithongoing,profoundimpact,atafundamentalleveltohelpunderstandtheworldaroundusandbeingexploredforuseinhighlynoveltechnologiesforsensingandcommunicationtoday,”sheadded.Indeed,Aspect’sexperimentshaveattractedenormousattentionandtriggeredastringoftheoreticalandexperimentalworkonquantumentanglement.Asaresult,newavenueshavebeenexploredinquantumcomputers,whichinprinciplecouldoutperformtraditionalcomputersatsometasks.Wearegeneratingmoredatanowthaneverbefore,needtoanalysethatdatainmorecomplexways,andgetresultsoutfaster.Quantumcomputingcouldhelpustofindnewpropertiesintheproductionofnewmaterialsforeverydayuseanditcouldalsoreducepowerconsumptionwithinthemanufacturingprocess.Withquantumcomputing,researchcanbemovedfromthelabontothecomputerwheremultipleimitationscanberunwhilestretchingyourcompaniesresearchand developmentbudgetfurther.63.Accordingtoparagraph2,Aspectis______aswellasaphysicist.A.atiresomeprofessorB.aninspiringteacherC.across-culturalfoodloverD.anempatheticcommunityleader64.ItcanbeconcludedaboutAspect’sexperimentthat______.A.fewpeoplecancomprehenditscomplicatedprocessB.interpersonalcommunicationispromotedbecauseofitC.itwasconductedsuccessfullydecadesbeforeAspectwontheNobelPrizeD.SheilaRowanplayedquiteanimportantroleinthepublicationoftheresult65.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.AspectdeservesthePrizefortheoreticalcontributionstocomputing.B.Theteam’sfindingswillbringaboutchangesbothinscienceanddailylife.C.AspectisworkingasthepresidentinParis-SaclayUniversityforthemoment.D.Theteam’smaincontributionisthefindingofpracticalmethodsinexperimenting.66.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.FruitfulJointEffortsinPopularScienceB.AlainAspect—ATheoreticalPhysicistC.NobelPrize—ForExperimentalPurposeD.Ground-breakingAchievementinPhysics【答案】63.B64.C65.B66.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了法国物理学家AlainAspect在物理界做出了巨大的贡献，于周二(2022年10月4日)获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。【63题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Aspectisalsoa‘tirelessteacher’whogivesimpressivelectures.(Aspect也是一位‘不知疲倦的老师’，讲课令人印象深刻。)”以及“Aswellaspassinghispassionforphysicsontohisstudents,Aspectisalsoafoodloverwhowilltellyouallabouthisrecipesforthegooseliver.(Aspect不仅把他对物理的热情传递给了他的学生，他还是一个美食爱好者，他会告诉你他做鹅肝的所有食谱。)”可知，Aspect是一位鼓舞人心的老师。故选B项。【64题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“AlainAspectiswidelyrecognizedforhisexperimentaltestofBell’sinequalities,proposedbythelateJohnBellin1964,andtherelatedtestsrequiremeasurementstobemadeonphotonsmovingapartinoppositedirectionstolookforconnectionsbetweensomeoftheirphysicalproperties,forinstance,theirpolarizations.(AlainAspect因其贝尔不等式的实验测试而被广泛认可，该测试由已故的JohnBell在1964年提出，相关测试需要对向相反方向分开的光子进行测量，以寻找它们的一些物理性质之间的联系，例如它们的偏振。)”可知，在Aspect获得诺贝尔奖的几十年前，这项实验就已经被成功地引导了。故选C项。【65题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Thisisanareaofphysicswithongoing,profoundimpact,atafundamentalleveltohelpunderstandtheworldaroundusandbeingexploredforuseinhighlynoveltechnologiesforsensingandcommunicationtoday(这是一个具有持续深刻影响的物理学领域，在基本层面上帮助我们理解周围的世界，并被探索用于当今高度新颖的传感和通信技术。)”以及第五段等内容可知，该团队的发现将给科学和日常生活带来改变。故选B项。【66题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“AlainAspect,aFrenchphysicist,whowonalong-expectedNobelPhysicsPrizeonTuesday(October4,2022),contributedalotinprovingthetheoryofquantumentanglement(量子缠绕),atheory—famouslyraisedbyAlbertEinstein—thatwhenaparticle(粒子)issplitintotwo,thepropertiesofthetwonewparticlesremainconnected,asifbyaninvisiblepieceofstring,regardlessofhowfaraparttheyare.(法国物理学家AlainAspect于本周二(2022年10月4日)获得了期待已久的诺贝尔物理学奖，他在证明量子缠绕理论方面做出了巨大贡献，该理论由AlbertEinstein提出，即当一个粒子被分裂成两个时，两个新粒子的性质保持联系，就像一根看不见的绳子一样，无论它们相隔多远。)”可知，本文主要介绍了法国物理学家AlainAspect在物理界做出了巨大的贡献。选项D符合文章主题，适合做标题。故选D项。SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanonlybeusedonce.Notethattherearetwosentencesmorethanyouneed.ShanghaiRegulationtoHelpBoostAIShanghai’sdecisiontoboostthedevelopmentoftheartificialintelligenceindustrywillpromotethecity’sdigitaltransformationanditseffortstobuilditselfintoaninternationalAIhighland,experts saidinaninterview.ThecitypassedaregulationonboostingAIjustmonthsago,markingthefirstsucheffortinChinaattheprovinciallevel.___67___“Thisregulationemphasizesindustryinnovationandguidanceforfuturedevelopment,”saidYanRui,directoroflegalaffairsintheStandingCommitteeoftheShanghaiMunicipalPeople’sCongress,atarecentmediabriefing.“___68___ItwillalsostronglysupportthedigitaltransformationofShanghai,andassistcreationofanAIhighlandwithglobalinfluence.”Yansaid.OnehighlightoftheAIregulationisthatthemunicipaldepartmentsconcernedcoulddrawuplistsofminorviolationsduringthedevelopmentoftheAIindustrywhichwouldnotreceiveadministrativepunishment.“___69___ItisthesamecasewithAI.Therefore,itisaninternationalagreementtoallowforminorerrorsduringtheresearchanddevelopmentprocess,”saidWengGuanxi,alawyerataShanghai-basedlawfirm.TheregulationgivesacleardefinitionofAIandtheAIindustryandencouragesinnovativeactivitiesinthefieldbypeople,enterprisesandorganizations.___70___In2021,thecombinedoutputvalueofAIenterprisesaboveadesignatedsize,orwithanannualrevenueof20millionyuan($16.85million)orabove,reached305billionyuan,2.28timesthatof2018,accordingtoChinaSecuritiesJournal.ThenumberoftalentedprofessionalsworkingintheAIfieldinShanghaihassoaredfrom100,000in2018to230,000in2021,saidaXinhuaNewsAgencyreport.A.TheAIindustryworldwideisundergoingorderlytransformation.B.TheregulationcameintoeffectonOctober1,justasplanned.C.Shanghai’sAIindustryscalehasexpandeddramaticallyinthepastfewyears.D.Governmentandtherelateddivision’sresponsibilitiesareallwithintheframeworkofestablishedlawsandregulations.E.TheregulationonAIintendstofacilitatevariousstimulationsforthehigh-qualitydevelopmentoftheAIindustry.F.Thecoreofscientificresearchisthatitisaprocessofconstantlymakingmistakesanddistinguishingrightfromwrong.【答案】67.B68.E69.F70.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了上海出台的新法规将有助于人工智能发展。 【67题详解】上文“ThecitypassedaregulationonboostingAIjustmonthsago,markingthefirstsucheffortinChinaattheprovinciallevel.(就在几个月前，该市通过了一项促进人工智能发展的规定，这是中国省级层面的第一次此类努力。)”说明该市通过了一项促进人工智能发展的规定，选项B“该规定于10月1日如期生效。”承接上文，说明该规定的生效日期。故选B项。【68题详解】上文YanRui所说“Thisregulationemphasizesindustryinnovationandguidanceforfuturedevelopment.(这项规定强调了行业创新和对未来发展的指导。)”介绍了该规定的现实意义，选项E“对人工智能的该规定旨在促进人工智能行业的高质量发展。”是YanRui继续介绍这项规定的目的意图。故选E项。【69题详解】上文“OnehighlightoftheAIregulationisthatthemunicipaldepartmentsconcernedcoulddrawuplistsofminorviolationsduringthedevelopmentoftheAIindustrywhichwouldnotreceiveadministrativepunishment.(人工智能规定的一个亮点是，市政有关部门可以制定人工智能产业发展过程中的轻微违规清单，这些违规行为不会受到行政处罚。)”介绍了该规定允许轻微违规行为，选项F“科学研究的核心是不断犯错和明辨是非的过程。”承接上文，是WengGuanxi对该亮点的解释，引导下文“ItisthesamecasewithAI.Therefore,itisaninternationalagreementtoallowforminorerrorsduringtheresearchanddevelopmentprocess(人工智能也是如此。因此，这是一项国际协议，允许在研发过程中出现小错误)”说明科学研究中允许出现小的错误。故选F项。【70题详解】下文“In2021,thecombinedoutputvalueofAIenterprisesaboveadesignatedsize,orwithanannualrevenueof20millionyuan($16.85million)orabove,reached305billionyuan,2.28timesthatof2018,accordingtoChinaSecuritiesJournal.ThenumberoftalentedprofessionalsworkingintheAIfieldinShanghaihassoaredfrom100,000in2018to230,000in2021,saidaXinhuaNewsAgencyreport.(据《中国证券报》报道，2021年，规模以上或年收入2000万元(1685万美元)及以上的人工智能企业的总产值达到3050亿元，是2018年的2.28倍。据新华社报道，上海在人工智能领域工作的人才数量已从2018年的10万人飙升至2021年的23万人。)”用数据说明了上海的人工智能产业规模在过去几年急剧扩张，选项C“上海的人工智能产业规模在过去几年急剧扩张。”概括本段主题。故选C项。 IV.SummaryWriting71.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.OutofSight,OutofMindTechnologyhasmadepayingallsortsofbillsincrediblyeasy.Thereal-timebudgetapps,whichcaptureourspendingandpayourbillsautomatically,shouldtheoreticallygiveusmorecontroloverourmoney.Butwhy,inreallife,dotheydotheopposite?Ithelpstothinkabouthowweusedtopay.Myparentsdescribeaprocessthatwouldinvolvethreeseparatepointsofcontactwhenevertheypaidforsomethingwithacreditcard:first,atthecashregister,thenwhenabillcameinthemailandfinallywhentheywroteachecktocoverit.Whileeachofthecheckpointsistechnicallystillthere,automationhasgivenusachancetoskipthesecondandthethird.Forbillspaidautomaticallythroughabankingapp,eventhefirstcheckpointcanbegone.Weknowthatitishappeninginthebackground,butit’ssofaroutofviewthatitmightaswellnotbethere.Howdowegetthatconnectionback,withoutgivinguptheconveniencethattechnologyhasbroughtus?Thegoodnewsisthatthoughtechnologyhastakenawaysomething,itcanalsogive.Muchofthebattleissimplyrecognizingwhatwe’velost.Ifwewanttobesmartaboutourmoneyandhavethoroughcontroloverit,weneedtobridgethatgapbetweenwhatwespendonandhowmuchwepay.Wecanstartusingpersonal-financeappstodomorethanmakeourliveseasier.Theseappscansendusnotificationswheneachautomaticpaymentisbeingmadeandcategorizepurchases,sendingusinstantspendingreports.Admittedly,thosetoolsrequiretheusertosignupfortheseservicesandmakeconsciouseffortstotakefulladvantageofthem.Inthisway,theyarearguablybetterpracticethanbalancingacheckbookonaSaturdaymorning.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Technologysimplifiestheprocessofpayingbutrobsusofthecontrolovermoney.Welosetrackoftheconnectionbetweenthepurchasesandthemoneyspentbecausetheprocessisnot completelypresented.Toregainthecontrol,wecanturntopersonal-financeappsconsciouslytogetinstantlynotified.(49words)【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。技术简化了支付过程，但剥夺了我们对金钱的控制。我们失去了购买和花费之间的联系，因为这个过程没有完整地呈现出来。为了重新获得控制权，我们可以有意识地使用个人理财应用程序，以获得即时通知。【详解】1要点摘录①Technologyhasmadepayingallsortsofbillsincrediblyeasy.Thereal-timebudgetapps,whichcaptureourspendingandpayourbillsautomatically,shouldtheoreticallygiveusmorecontroloverourmoney.Butwhy,inreallife,dotheydotheopposite?②Whileeachofthecheckpointsistechnicallystillthere,automationhasgivenusachancetoskipthesecondandthethird.Forbillspaidautomaticallythroughabankingapp,eventhefirstcheckpointcanbegone.③Wecanstartusingpersonal-financeappstodomorethanmakeourliveseasier.Theseappscansendusnotificationswheneachautomaticpaymentisbeingmadeandcategorizepurchases,sendingusinstantspendingreports.2.缜密构思将第1、2、3三个要点进行提炼主要意思。3.遣词造句Technologysimplifiestheprocessofpayingbutrobsusofthecontrolovermoney.Welosetrackoftheconnectionbetweenthepurchasesandthemoneyspentbecausetheprocessisnotcompletelypresented.Toregainthecontrol,wecanturntopersonal-financeappsconsciouslytogetinstantlynotified.【点睛】[高分句型1]Welosetrackoftheconnectionbetweenthepurchasesandthemoneyspentbecausetheprocessisnotcompletelypresented.（because引导的原因状语从句）。[高分句型2]Toregainthecontrol,wecanturntopersonal-financeappsconsciouslytogetinstantlynotified.（动词不定式作目的状语）V.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets. 72.清晨，窗外鸟儿的歌声将她从熟睡中唤醒。(wake)(汉译英)【答案】Inthemorning,thebirds’singing/chirpingoutsidethewindow(s)woke/wakesher(up)fromadeep/soundsleep.【解析】【详解】考查动名词，动词短语，时态、介词短语。“清晨”表达为inthemorning，介词短语作时间状语；“窗外”表达为outsidethewindow(s)，介词短语修饰主语“鸟儿的歌声”，作定语；“鸟儿的歌声”表达为thebirds’singing或thebirds’chirping，动名词作主语；“熟睡”表达为名词短语adeepsleep或asoundsleep；“将……从……中唤醒”表达为wakesb.(up)from...。根据中文提示，谓语动词若陈述过去的动作，谓语动词应用一般过去时，故此处应用wake的过去式woke，若该动作为经常发生的动作，则用一般现在时态，主语为“鸟儿的歌声”，为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式wakes。故翻译为：Inthemorning,thebirds’singing/chirpingoutsidethewindow(s)woke/wakesher(up)fromadeep/soundsleep.73.学点经济学常识，这样你就不会对这一社会现象感到云里雾里了。(and)(汉译英)【答案】Learnsomecommonknowledgeineconomics,andyouwon’tbeconfusedaboutthissocialphenomenon.【解析】【详解】考查“祈使句+and+含有一般将来时陈述句”。表示“学”应用动词learn；表示“一点经济学常识”应用somecommonknowledgeineconomics；表示“……，这样你就（不）会……”可以使用“祈使句+and+含有一般将来时的陈述句”这个句型结构，即Learnsomecommonknowledgeineconomics,andyouwill/won’t…；表示“对……感到云里雾里”用短语beconfusedabout；表示“这一社会现象”用短语thissocialphenomenon。故翻译为Learnsomecommonknowledgeineconomics,andyouwon’tbeconfusedaboutthissocialphenomenon.74.虽然我抱怨他碍手碍脚，但他毫不计较，还是心甘情愿地帮我收拾厨房。(notice)(汉译英)【答案】ThoughIcomplainedthathewasgettinginmyway,hetooknonoticeandhelpedmeclean(up)thekitchenwillingly/was(most/very)willingtohelpmeclean(up)thekitchen.【解析】【详解】考查让步状语从句。表示“抱怨”用动词complain；表示“碍手碍脚”用短语getinone’sway；表示“毫不在意”用短语takenonotice；表示“心甘情愿”可用willing,也可用短语bewillingtodosth;分析句意可知，抱怨他碍手碍脚是过去习惯性的动作，本句要用过去式进行时，用though引导让步状语从句，且后面不能用but；故翻译为ThoughIcomplainedthathe wasgettinginmyway,hetooknonoticeandhelpedmeclean(up)thekitchenwillingly/was(most/very)willingtohelpmeclean(up)thekitchen.75.在和交换生沟通时，务必要真诚，也要考虑他们的文化背景，以免产生误会。(sure)(汉译英)【答案】Whenyoucommunicate/Whencommunicatingwithexchangestudents,besuretobesincereandtaketheirculturalbackgroundintoconsiderationincasemisunderstandingsarise/emerge/happen.【解析】【详解】考查祈使句和状语从句。句子是描述一般的情况，应用一般现在时，“和……沟通”使用动词短语communicatewith，“交换生”译为exchangestudents，“在和交换生沟通时”用when引导时间状语从句，译为whenyoucommunicatewithexchangestudents，也可使用现在进行时whenyouarecommunicatingwithexchangestudents，状语从句的主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be动词，可将从句的主语和be动词省略，即whencommunicatingwithexchangestudents；“务必要”使用固定短语besuretodosth，“真诚”使用形容词sincere，“考虑”使用动词短语take...intoconsideration，“文化背景”译为culturalbackground，此处使用祈使句，用动词原形开头，即besuretobesincereandtaketheirculturalbackgroundintoconsideration；“以免”使用incase引导目的状语从句，“误会”使用名词复数misunderstandings，“产生”使用动词arise/emerge/happen，即incasemisunderstandingsarise/emerge/happen，综上，故翻译为：Whenyoucommunicate/Whencommunicatingwithexchangestudents,besuretobesincereandtaketheirculturalbackgroundintoconsiderationincasemisunderstandingsarise/emerge/happen.。VI.GuidedWriting76.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120—150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假设你是明启中学高三学生李华。你校计划请学生自己组建社团，你对此很有兴趣。请向学生会写一封申请邮件，内容必须包括：1)你计划组建的社团名称；2)组建该社团的目的或意义；3)该社团准备开展的一项活动。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Dearchairman,I’minterestedinourschool’splantoaskstudentstosetuptheirownclubs.Therefore,IamwritingtoapplyfortheestablishmentofaChineseKungFuClub,whichissuretoattractmanystudentswhoareinterestedinChineseKungFu.Isetuptheclubwiththepurposeofservingallthestudents.Thestudentswillbenefitalotfromthisclub.Inthefirstplace,theclubwillorganizeandarrangeaseriesofactivitiesandcourses,whichcanhelpstudentstoknow,understandandlearnChinesekungFu.StudentscankeepfitbyperformingKungFu,duringwhichtheycanhaveachancetoappreciatethegreatcharmofChineseKungFuculture.Inthesecondplace,outofloveforChineseKungFu,studentscanmakemorefriends,expandingtheirsocialcircleandimprovingtheirsocialskills.Ofcourse,therewillbeactivitiessuchasthetrainingonhowtoperformChineseKungFuopenandtheyarefreetoallnewmembers.Ihopeyoucanapproveofmyapplication.Yourssincerely,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给学生会写一封申请信，申请自己计划组建的社团，讲述组建该社团的目的或意义，并介绍相应的活动。【详解】1.词汇积累建立：setup→establish吸引：attract→appealto目的：purpose→aim/goal保持健康：keepfit→keephealthy2.句式拓展合并简单句 原句：Isetuptheclubwiththepurposeofservingallthestudents.Thestudentswillbenefitalotfromthisclub.拓展句：Isetuptheclubwiththepurposeofservingallthestudents,fromwhichthestudentswillbenefitalot.【点睛】【高分句型1】Therefore,IamwritingtoapplyfortheestablishmentofaChineseKungFuClub,whichissuretoattractmanystudentswhoareinterestedinChineseKungFu.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句，而且从句中包含who引导的定语从句）【高分句型2】Inthesecondplace,outofloveforChineseKungFu,studentscanmakemorefriends,expandingtheirsocialcircleandimprovingtheirsocialskills.（运用了现在分词作状语）