四川省宜宾市2022-2023学年高三英语上学期一诊试题（Word版附解析）

宜宾市普通高中2020级第一次诊断测试英语(考试时间：120分钟满分：150分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoknow?A.Wherethepolicestationis.B.Whenthegrocerystoreopens.C.Wherethenewicecreamstoreis.2.WhatcolorisMary’shair?A.Red.B.Brown.C.White.3.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.She’llnotgotothegame.B.Shewilldoeverythinglater.C.Shejustwantstocutthegrassnow.4.Whydoesn’tthemanwanttogotoChicago?A.Itistoofaraway.B.Itisn’tasniceasPittsburgh.C.Hehasn’tbeentoPittsburgh.5.Whatdoesthemanwant?A.Somethingtoeat.B.Somethingtoshare.C.Somethingtoread.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inapark.B.Atazoo.C.Byalake.7.Whydoesthemanprefertheducks?A.Theyarepretty.B.Theydon’tbitepeople.C.Theydon’teattoomuch.请听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whattimedoesthestoreusuallyclose?A.At6:00pm.B.At6:30pm.C.At9:00pm.9.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Gotothestore.B.Makedinner.C.Watchamovie.请听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatmonthmightitbenow?A.December.B.July.C.April.11.WheredoesSimonlive?A.InPhiladelphia.B.InBoston.C.InNewYork.12.HowlonghasFionabeentakingvacationsinMiami?A.It’sherfirstyear.B.Forthelasttenyears.C.Forthepastthreeyears.请听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatdidJamesgetfromNancylastmonth?A.Anecklace.B.Somefurniture.C.Someclothing.14.WhatdoesNancywantJamestodo?A.Sellsomething.B.Movesomething.C.Buysomething.15.WhenisJamesgoingtohelp?A.OnSaturdaynight.B.OnSundaymorning.C.OnSundayafternoon. 16.HowlongwillittakeJamestogettoNancy’shouse?A.Abouttwohours.B.Aboutonehour.C.Allday.请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whoarethelistenersgoingtomeet?A.Mr.Hamilton.B.Mr.Gonzalez.C.Mr.Jones.18.Whoisthechampionrightnow?A.Carlos.B.Joey.C.Tommy.19.WhathasTommyinvitedthelistenerstodointhegym?A.Becomehiscustomers.B.Paytowatchaboxingmatch.C.Tryhisspecialtrainingmethods.20.HowmightTommybedescribed?A.Quietandhuge.B.Friendlyandstrong.C.Smallandkind.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASomelibrariesuseuniquearchitecturetoencouragevisitorstoexploretheracksandsettledownwithanewbookoruseflowinglibrariestobringbookstohard-to-reachpopulations.KansasCityLibrary(KansasCity,Missouri)Alongthesouthwallofthisparkinggarage’sexterior,visitorsaretreatedtowhatlookslikeahugeshelfofbooks.Thebuildingoriginallyservedasabank,whichisreadilyapparentwhenthelibraryhasscreeningsinitsVaultTheater,insideanactual1925bankvault.StuttgartCityLibrary(Stuttgart,Germany)Openedin2011,thisnine-storypubliclibrarydesignedbyEunYoungYiischaracterizedbyitsimpressivewhite-on-whitecolorscheme,itsboldcubicshapeanditscavernousinterior.Thisculturalcenterforthecity,designedtofeelopenandfulloflight,canbeenteredfromanyofitsfoursides,andreaderscanborrowartworkaswellasbooks.TheCamelLibraryService(NorthEasternProvince,Kenya)TofightwithlowliteracyratesinthedesertofKenya,thegovernmentcreatedaroaminglibrarycomposedofninecamelstobringbookstovillages.Thelibrarytravelsfourdaysaweekservingthe region’smigratorypeople.Currentlytheservicefocusesonchildren,butwithmorefundingtheyplantoincreasetheirreachbothindistanceandthetitlestheycarry.MacquarieUniversityLibrary(Sydney,Australia)Astunningcombinationofcuttingedgeandsustainable,thisbuildingwasmadefromrecycledmaterials,featuresagreenroof,andwasdesignedtoimitatethelookofaeucalyptustree.Itisalsostateoftheart,usingrobotcranestobringrequestedbookstothefrontdesk.1.WhatisthefeatureofKansasCityLibrary?A.Itusedtobeabank.B.Ithasonlyabookshelf.C.Itservedasaparklot.D.Itmakesuseofrobotcranes.2.Whichofthefollowingprovidesbooksformigratorypeople?A.KansasCityLibrary.B.StuttgartCityLibrary.C.TheCamelLibraryService.D.MacquarieUniversityLibrary.3.What’sthepurposeofthelibraries?A.Toselltheartworkinlibraries.B.Tourgepeopletoreadbooks.C.Toshowtheartofarchitecture.D.Tokeeppeoplestayinginthelibraries.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个图书馆的情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thebuildingoriginallyservedasabank,whichisreadilyapparentwhenthelibraryhasscreeningsinitsVaultTheater,insideanactual1925bankvault.(这座建筑最初是一家银行，当图书馆在1925年的银行保险库里放映电影时，很容易看出这一点)”可知，堪萨斯城图书馆的特色是它以前是一家银行。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Thelibrarytravelsfourdaysaweekservingtheregion’smigratorypeople.(该图书馆每周旅行四天，为该地区的流动人口服务)”可知，TheCamelLibraryService为流动人口提供书籍。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Somelibrariesuseuniquearchitecturetoencouragevisitorstoexploretheracksandsettledownwithanewbook,oruseflowinglibrariestobringbookstohard-to-reach populations.(一些图书馆使用独特的建筑来鼓励游客探索书架，并放上一本新书，或者使用流动的图书馆把书带给难以接触到的人群)”可知，图书馆的目的是鼓励人们读书。故选B。BHerbChasancouldhaveeasedintoretirementafterspending18yearsteachingmathtohighschoolstudents.Buttheoctogenariancouldn’trest. Itwasn’tuntileightyearsagothathesteppedintooneofthecity’spoorestneighborhoods.Henoticedagroupofchildrenwanderingnearbywithnothingtodo.Hecouldn’tshaketheimagefromhismind,anditbecamethedrivingforceforHoopsandHomework, anafter-schoolprogramthathasprovidedactivitiesandtutoringforyouthuptoage14.Since2012,HoopsandHomeworkhashelpedmorethan300childrenwhootherwisewouldhavegonehometoemptyhousesorroamedthestreetsuntiltheirparentsgotoffwork.ThankstoMr.Chasananddedicatedstaffandvolunteers,thechildreninsteadhavespentindustriousafternoonsmakingcrafts,playingbasketball,learningviolinandyoga,gardening,andbaskingintheattentionofasmallarmyoftutors.“Ourgoalistohelpthesekidsbreakthecycleofpovertyandjail tohaveagoodjob,tobeasuccess,”saysMr.Chasan.Withinafewmonths,hesecured$81,000intownfundingtostarttheprogram.Ittakes$170,000annuallytorunthecenter.HoopsandHomeworkhasencouragedpeoplefromdifferentpartsofthecommunitytovolunteerduringtheafter-schoolsessionsbecausetheycantellthechildren“somedayyoumaybedoingthatjob,welovetohaverolemodelscomein.”Theprogramgoesbeyondhelpingchildren.Mostofthestaffmembersarebilingual,whichenablesthemtoservethelargelySpanish-speakingcommunity.“MyEnglishisnotgood,”saysKeilaCupid,aparentwholivesclosetothecenter.Butthemotherof11-year-oldCupidisclearinexpressinghergratitudeforHoopsandHomework:“It’sasafespaceformydaughterwhenIamawaytomyEnglishclass.”4.WhatmotivationmadeChasandecideonHoopsandHomework?A.Homelessneighborhoodkids.B.Parentsbeingengaginginwork.C.Thevolunteersinthecommunity.D.Childrenaimlesslywalkingaround.5.WhatactivityisavailableinHoopsandHomework?A.Makingcrafts.B.Bakingfood.C.LearningSpanish.D.Doingextrahomework. 6.WhichstatementdoesChasanagreewith?A.Moremoneyshouldgotocharity.B.Morepeopleshouldjoininvoluntarywork.C.Morecommunity centersshouldbebuilt.D.Moreafter-schoolactivitiesshouldbeconsidered.7.Fromthepassage,wecaninfer________.A.startinganorganizationistoughB.KeilaCupidisstudyingSpanishC.parentscanbenefitfromtheprogramD.thecommunitykidsmusthaveasuccessfulcareer【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了HerbChasan为贫穷社区闲逛的孩子们创建了“篮球与家庭作业”，为14岁以下的青少年提供活动和辅导。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Henoticedagroupofchildrenwanderingnearbywithnothingtodo.Hecouldn’tshaketheimagefromhismind,anditbecamethedrivingforceforHoopsandHomework,anafter-schoolprogramthathasprovidedactivitiesandtutoringforyouthuptoage14.(他注意到一群孩子在附近闲逛，无事可做。他无法从脑海中摆脱这一形象，这成为了“篮球与家庭作业”的动力。“篮球与家庭作业”是一个课外项目，为14岁以下的青少年提供活动和辅导)”可知，孩子们漫无目的地闲逛让Chasan决定选择“篮球与家庭作业”。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“ThankstoMr.Chasananddedicatedstaffandvolunteers,thechildreninsteadhavespentindustriousafternoonsmakingcrafts,playingbasketball,learningviolinandyoga,gardening,andbaskingintheattentionofasmallarmyoftutors.(多亏了Chasan先生以及敬业的工作人员和志愿者，孩子们下午都在勤奋地做手工、打篮球、学小提琴和瑜伽、做园艺，享受着一小群家教的关注)”可知，“篮球和家庭作业”的活动有制作工艺品。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“HoopsandHomeworkhasencouragedpeoplefromdifferentpartsofthecommunitytovolunteerduringtheafter-schoolsessionsbecausetheycantellthechildren“somedayyoumaybedoingthatjob,welovetohaverolemodelscomein.”(“篮球与家庭作业”鼓 励来自社区不同地区的人在课后活动中做志愿者，因为他们可以告诉孩子们“有一天你可能会做这份工作，我们喜欢有榜样来。”)”可知，Chasan认为更多的人应该参加志愿工作。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中““MyEnglishisnotgood,”saysKeilaCupid,aparentwholivesclosetothecenter.Butthemotherof11-year-oldCupidisclearinexpressinghergratitudeforHoopsandHomework:“It’sasafespaceformydaughterwhenIamawaytomyEnglishclass.”(“我的英语不好，”一位住在中心附近的家长凯拉·丘比特说。但这位11岁女儿丘比特的母亲清楚地表达了她对“篮球与家庭作业”的感激之情：“当我去上英语课的时候，这是我女儿的一个安全空间。”)”可推知，父母可以从这个项目中受益，因为中心可以帮助照顾孩子。故选C。CSethMagleisanurbanecologistinChicago.In2021,hestartedbuildinganetworkoffellowurbananimalloversfromaroundtheworld.They’reworkingtocollectinformationsothatitcanbecomparedindifferentcities.Withthegoaloftryingtocreatemorewildlifeinclusivecities,thenetworkhelpsreducehumanwildlifeconflictandincreasehumanwildlifecoexistenceinthemassivelyurbanizingareas.InChicago,Magleandhisteamhavebeenwatchingtheircity’swildlifeforabout10years.Alltogether,theyhaveover100cameratrapssetupacrossdifferenttypesofurbanenvironmentsfromthedowntownLoopandcityparkstonaturepreservesandsuburbgolfcourses.Duringtimesofrecentextremeheat,wedodefinitelyseeanimalsreducemovementandjuststaywheretheyare.It’sprobablyenergeticallydifficulttomovearoundwhenit’ssohot.Althoughthisworksforashortterminhightemperature,it’snotidealoveralongerperiodbecauseitmeanslesstimetosearchforfoodoranewmate.AsMagleandhisnetworkofurbanresearcherslooktowardthefutureandclimatechange,theypredictbiggershifts.Temperatureseverywhereareprojectedtowarm,sowildlifeinurbansettingsandbeyondwilllikelyhavetoshifttheirnormalregionsabitfurthernorthtowhereitfeelsmorecomfortableandtowhatthey’realreadyusedto.Wedon’thavearmadillosinChicago,butwehavetheminthesouthernpartofthestate.Andtheyseemtobemigratingnorth.Onlytimewilltellhowoururbanwildlifereactstotheselonger-termshiftsintemperature.Fornow,itsoundslikeurbananimals—solongasthey’rehealthy—aretotallycapableof handlingafewdaysofextremeheathereandthere.8.Whatistheaimofthenetwork?A.Toobservewildlifeindifferentcities.B.Tocompareanimals’livingconditions.C.Tocollectinformationofurbananimals.D.Tohelphumanandwildlifecoexist.9.What’sthemainideaofparagraph3?A.Thetracksofwildlife activities.B.Themovementofurbananimals.C.Thewayofwatchingcityanimals.D.Thedifferenttypesofurbanization.10.Inwhatwaydoanimalsescapeextremeheat?A.Keepingstill.B.Movingconstantly.C.Shiftingtothenorth.D.Lookingforfoodeverywhere.11.Whatisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Amarketreport.B.Asciencemagazine.C.Abiologicaltextbook.D.Asocialresearchreport.【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了芝加哥的一位城市生态学家SethMagle建立了一个由来自世界各地的城市动物爱好者组成的网络。他们正在努力收集信息，以便在不同的城市进行比较。文章说明了这一网络的目的以及运作方式。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Withthegoaloftryingtocreatemorewildlifeinclusivecities,thenetworkhelpsreducehumanwildlifeconflictandincreasehumanwildlifecoexistenceinthemassivelyurbanizingareas.(该网络的目标是努力创造更多野生动物包容的城市，帮助减少人类与野生动物的冲突，增加大规模城市化地区人类与野生动物的共存)”可知，这个网络的目的是帮助人类和野生动物共存。故选D。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“InChicago,Magleandhisteamhavebeenwatchingtheircity’swildlifeforabout10years.Alltogether,theyhaveover100cameratrapssetupacrossdifferenttypesofurbanenvironmentsfromthedowntownLoopandcityparkstonaturepreservesandsuburbgolfcourses.(在芝加哥，Magle和他的团队已经观察他们城市的野生动物大约10年了。他们总共在不同类型的城市环境中设置了100多个相机陷阱，从市中心的Loop和城市公园到自然保护区和郊区高 尔夫球场)”可知，第三段的主旨是观察城市动物的方式。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Duringtimesofrecentextremeheat,wedodefinitelyseeanimalsreducemovementandjuststaywheretheyare.It’sprobablyenergeticallydifficulttomovearoundwhenit’ssohot.(在最近的极端高温时期，我们确实看到动物减少了活动，只是呆在原地。在这么热的天气里移动可能会有能量上的困难)”可知，动物通过保持静止来躲避酷热。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“SethMagleisanurbanecologistinChicago.In2021,hestartedbuildinganetworkoffellowurbananimalloversfromaroundtheworld.They’reworkingtocollectinformationsothatitcanbecomparedindifferentcities.(SethMagle是芝加哥的一位城市生态学家。2021年，他开始建立一个由来自世界各地的城市动物爱好者组成的网络。他们正在努力收集信息，以便在不同的城市进行比较)”结合文章说明了这一网络的目的以及运作方式。可推知，文章选自一本科学杂志。故选B。DArecibo,agiantradioobservatoryislocatedinthelushmountainsofPuertoRico,didsomeofthedreamiestworkinastronomy.Butitwasforcedtostopoperationsthisyearaftersufferingunprecedenteddamage,andofficialsnowbelievethatitisbeyondrepair.Insteadoftryingtofixit,they’regoingtotearitdown.Arecibohasprovidedobservationsfordiscoverieswithinthesolarsystemandwellbeyond.ItisconsideredoneofthebestspotsforstudyingpotentiallydangerousasteroidsnearEarth.Overtheyears,Arecibohasfaceddangeranddamage,butithasalwaysendured.Initslifetime,ithasexperiencedearthquakesandstorms,includingthehurricanethatspoiltPuertoRicoin2017,whichdamagedsomeofthedish.ThetroublebeganinAugust.Ametalsupportcableweighingthousandsofpoundsslippedoutofitssocketanddroppedsharplyintothecavernous,1,000-foot-wideradiodishinthemiddleofthenight.Thecable,installedinthe1990s,wasconsideredfairlynewforanobservatorythatbeganoperationsin1963,andtheincidentconfusedArecibo’sofficials.Thecable“definitelyshouldnothavefailedinthewayitdid,”AshleyZauderer,theAreciboprogramdirectorattheNationalScienceFoundation,whichownsthetelescope,said.Butearlierthismonth,justdaysbeforeengineerswerescheduledtotrytostabilizethetelescope,anotherpieceofhardwarecamesmashingintothedish.A maincable,oneoftheoriginalsinstalledwhentheobservatorywasbuilt,hadcracked,causingevenmoredamage.Engineersarenowworkingtoquicklyoutlinedaplantopulldownthetelescopebeforeitcollapsesonitsown.Arecibo’sfailureisadifferentfatethanastronomersareusedto.Hardwareofallsortsagesandbreaks—Hubble,anotherfamedtelescope,isoperatingwithfewerworkingpartsthanitlaunchedwith30yearsago.Butitisunusualtowreckanobservatorybecauseyouhavenootherchoice,andsounexpectedlytoo.12.WhatwillhappentoArecibo?A.Itwillbedestroyed.B.Itwillberebuilt.C.Itwillberepaired.D.Itwillbestabilized.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“endured”meaninparagraph2?A.Avoided.B.Survived.C.Endangered.D.Forgotten.14.WhichcanbestexplainAshleyZauderer’smessageinparagraph3?A.Arecibocanberemovedeasily.B.Arecibohasfailedatworkunexpectedly.C.Arecibohasmade significantcontribution.D.Arecibo’spresentsituationisunimaginable.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ThePowerfulTelescopeFacesUpgrading.B.Immeasurable LossesHappenedtoAstronomy.C.TheDamagedAreciboTelescopeMeetsanEnd.D.GreatObservatoryisBeingReconstructedBeforeItsTime.【答案】12.A13.B14.B15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了射电天文台Arecibo在遭受了前所未有的破坏后，今年被迫停止了运营，官员们现在认为它已经无法修复了，将被拆掉。文章介绍了Arecibo遭受破坏的经过以及人们对它的看法。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Butitwasforcedtostopoperationsthisyearaftersufferingunprecedenteddamage,andofficialsnowbelievethatitisbeyondrepair.Insteadoftryingtofixit, they’regoingtotearitdown.(但在遭受了前所未有的破坏后，它今年被迫停止了运营，官员们现在认为它已经无法修复了。他们不会试图修复它，而是会把它拆掉)”可知，Arecibo会被摧毁。故选A。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Initslifetime,ithasexperiencedearthquakesandstorms,includingthehurricanethatspoiltPuertoRicoin2017,whichdamagedsomeofthedish.(在它的一生中，它经历了地震和风暴，包括2017年袭击波多黎各的飓风，损坏了一些表盘)”以及画线词上文“Overtheyears,Arecibohasfaceddangeranddamage,butithasalways”可知，多年来，Arecibo面临着危险和破坏，但它一直幸存了下来。故画线词意思是“幸存”。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Thecable“definitelyshouldnothavefailedinthewayitdid,”AshleyZauderer,theAreciboprogramdirectorattheNationalScienceFoundation,whichownsthetelescope,said.Butearlierthismonth,justdaysbeforeengineerswerescheduledtotrytostabilizethetelescope,anotherpieceofhardwarecamesmashingintothedish.Amaincable,oneoftheoriginalsinstalledwhentheobservatorywasbuilt,hadcracked,causingevenmoredamage.(光缆“绝对不应该像它那样失败，”拥有该望远镜的美国国家科学基金会Arecibo项目主任AshleyZauderer说。但就在本月早些时候，就在工程师计划稳定望远镜的几天前，另一块硬件撞到了碟形盘上。天文台建造时安装的一根主电缆已经破裂，造成了更大的破坏)”可知，AshleyZauderer在第三段要表达的是：Arecibo在工作中意外失败。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Arecibo,agiantradioobservatoryislocatedinthelushmountainsofPuertoRico,didsomeofthedreamiestworkinastronomy.Butitwasforcedtostopoperationsthisyearaftersufferingunprecedenteddamage,andofficialsnowbelievethatitisbeyondrepair.Insteadoftryingtofixit,they’regoingtotearitdown.(Arecibo是一个巨大的射电天文台，位于波多黎各郁郁葱葱的山区，在天文学上做了一些最梦幻的工作。但在遭受了前所未有的破坏后，它今年被迫停止了运营，官员们现在认为它已经无法修复了。他们不会试图修复它，而是会把它拆掉)”结合文章介绍了Arecibo遭受破坏的经过以及人们对它的看法。可知，C选项“损坏的Arecibo望远镜走向了终点”最符合文章标题。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whatdothehappiestpeopleonearthhaveincommon?Recently,researchershaveanalyzedthecommoncharacteristicsofthepeoplewhocallthemselvesvery,veryhappywiththeirlives,andwhotendtolivelong.Hereispartofwhattheyhavefound:RelationshipsResearchhasfoundthatitisstrongpersonalandsocialrelationshipsthatmakepeoplehappy.Andthisistrueallthroughoutyourlife.____16____.Socializingwithfriendsandfamily,inasmallandclose-knitgroup,isthemostimportantkeytohappinessandlonglife.HelpingothersItisnotbeinghelpedorlovedbyothersthatleadstohappinessandlonglife;itishelpingothers.____17____.BeingbusydoingthingsyouloveandaregoodatItistruethatoneshouldnotbestressedoutandrushedallthetime.____18____,ifyouwanttolivealong,happylife.However,doinganythingunderthesunisnotthesecrettohappiness.Itisdoingthingsthatyouaregoodat,andyouareinterestedin,thatmakesyouhappy.Ahappy,warmchildhood____19____.Astudyhasnotedthat“warmthofchildhoodenvironment”isaveryimportantpredictorofcontentment,happinessandevenalonglife.BeinggratefulInastudyofgratitude,researchersattheUniversityofMiamihavefoundthatpeoplewhoconsciouslythinkoftheirblessingsfeelbetterabouttheirlives.____20____,thanthosewhotendtotakethingsforgranted.A.BeinghelpedisofgreatimportanceB.PeoplearehappiestwhentheyhavelovingrelationshipsC.ChildrenalwayshappilygrowupandplaywiththemselvesD.Theyevenexercisemore,andmakefewervisitstothehospitalE.Thehappiestpeopleonearthhavehadahappy,warm,andstablechildhoodF.ButyouhavetobeengagedinworkthatmakesyoubusyandfullyinvolvedG.Thejoyonthefaceofthepeopleyouhelpmakesyoucontentedandjoyfulyourself【答案】16.B17.G18.F19.E20.D 【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了生活得幸福的人的共同特征。【16题详解】根据上文“Researchhasfoundthatitisstrongpersonalandsocialrelationshipsthatmakepeoplehappy.Andthisistrueallthroughoutyourlife.(研究发现，牢固的人际关系和社会关系使人快乐。你的一生都是如此)”以及后文“Socializingwithfriendsandfamily,inasmallandclose-knitgroup,isthemostimportantkeytohappinessandlonglife.(在一个小而紧密的群体中与朋友和家人交往是幸福和长寿的最重要的关键)”可知，后文提到了幸福和长寿的关键是与人交往，可见本句旨在说明人们在有爱的关系时是最幸福的。故B选项“人们在有爱的关系时是最幸福的”符合语境，故选B。【17题详解】根据上文“Itisnotbeinghelpedorlovedbyothersthatleadstohappinessandlonglife;itishelpingothers.(得到别人的帮助或爱并不能带来幸福和长寿；它是帮助别人)”可知，带来幸福和长寿是帮助别人，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明帮助别人带来的作用：使你自己感到满足和快乐。故G选项“你帮助的人脸上的喜悦使你自己感到满足和快乐”符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】根据上文“Itistruethatoneshouldnotbestressedoutandrushedallthetime.(的确，一个人不应该一直紧张和匆忙)”以及后文“However,doinganythingunderthesunisnotthesecrettohappiness.Itisdoingthingsthatyouaregoodat,andyouareinterestedin,thatmakesyouhappy.(然而，在世界上做任何事都不是幸福的秘诀。只有做自己擅长和感兴趣的事情才会让你快乐)”可知，上文提到不应该一直紧张和匆忙，后文则提到做自己擅长和感兴趣的事情才会快乐，可知人还是要投入到工作中去，故F选项“但是你必须投入到让你忙得不可开交的工作中去”符合语境，故选F。【19题详解】根据后文“Astudyhasnotedthat“warmthofchildhoodenvironment”isaveryimportantpredictorofcontentment,happinessandevenalonglife.(一项研究指出，“童年环境的温暖”是满足、幸福甚至长寿的一个非常重要的预测因素)”可知，后文提到了“童年环境的温暖”是满足、幸福甚至长寿的一个非常重要的预测因素，可见快乐、温暖和稳定的童年有助于人幸福。故E选项“世界上最幸福的人都有快乐、温暖和稳定的童年”符合语境，故选E。【20题详解】 根据上文“Inastudyofgratitude,researchersattheUniversityofMiamihavefoundthatpeoplewhoconsciouslythinkoftheirblessingsfeelbetterabouttheirlives.(迈阿密大学的研究人员在一项关于感恩的研究中发现，有意识地想到自己得到的祝福的人对生活感觉更好)”以及后文“thanthosewhotendtotakethingsforgranted.(而不是那些把事情看成理所当然的人)”可知，本句旨在说明意识地想到自己得到的祝福的人对生活感觉更好的一些具体表现：锻炼得更多，去医院的次数更少。故D选项“他们甚至锻炼得更多，去医院的次数更少”符合语境，故选D。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I’vebeenwritingnowfor34years.ItallstartedwhenIwasjust18yearsold.Asaboy____21____,Iprobablyreadhundredsofbooks,includingmysteries,sciencefiction,thrillers,andjustaboutanyother____22____ofbookIcouldfind.Ihada____23____forknowledgethatneverseemedtodisappear,nomatterhowmanybooksI____24____.Then____25____,IfoundthatItoohadideasofmyownthatIwantedtowriteandshare.Iwantedtosharethingsthatwerefullof____26____,loveandjoy.Itriedto____27____mydesireatfirst,butasanywriterwilltellyou,onceideas____28____insideofyou,theydon’tleaveyou____29____untilyouwritethemdown.Ididn’thaveacomputer,orevenatypewriter,butI____30____apenandanotebookandwrotedowneverythingthatwasburning____31____ofme.WhenIwasdone,Ididn’tknowhowto____32____myworkwiththeworldwithoutInternetthen.FinallyIsoughtoutthe____33____ofmylocalnewspaperandaskedifhewouldliketo____34____whatI’dwritten.Hewasamanfullofbothwisdomandkindness.HenotonlyprintedmyfirststorybutagreedtopublishanythingelseIwas____35____towrite.Afterthat,nothingcouldstopme.Yearslater,Ievenself-publishedtwo____36____ofmystoriesinbookform.Throughmywriting,Islowlybecamea____37____person.Writingallowedmeto____38____thegoodnessandlightthatexistinusall.Ialsofoundthatweareall____39____,whetherweputpentopaperornot.Witheverychoicewemake,witheverythoughtwethink,andwithevery____40____wetake,wearewritingourownlifestory. 21.A.bringingupB.growingupC.goingupD.standingup22.A.typeB.nameC.qualityD.detail23.A.tryB.talkC.giftD.thirst24.A.readB.drewC.editedD.wrote25.A.franklyB.carefullyC.suddenlyD.generally26.A.frightB.goodnessC.sadnessD.darkness27.A.expressB.exploreC.ignoreD.realize28.A.fadeB.awakenC.sharpenD.freeze29.A.aloneB.openC.onD.off30.A.lostB.lentC.gaveD.grabbed31.A.upsideB.backC.insideD.front32.A.shareB.sendC.giveD.post33.A.readerB.buyerC.editorD.reporter34.A.readB.sellC.hearD.print35.A.shyB.willingC.nervousD.anxious36.A.collectionsB.setsC.piecesD.records37.A.greaterB.biggerC.betterD.fatter38.A.developB.overlookC.formD.discover39.A.trainersB.sellersC.friendsD.writers40.A.careB.actionC.medicineD.picture【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.A25.C26.B27.C28.B29.A30.D31.C32.A33.C34.D35.B36.A37.C38.D39.D40.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者成为一名作家的经过以及对于写作的一些感悟。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为一个男孩，我可能读了数百本书，包括悬疑小说、科幻小说、惊悚小说，以及我能找到的任何其他类型的书。A.bringingup抚养；B.growingup成长；C. goingup上升；D.standingup站起来。根据上文“Asaboy”这里指作者作为一个男孩成长，故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个男孩，我可能读了数百本书，包括悬疑小说、科幻小说、惊悚小说，以及我能找到的任何其他类型的书。A.type类型；B.name名字；C.quality质量；D.detail细节。根据上文“includingmysteries,sciencefiction,thrillers,andjustaboutanyother”可知，作者阅读了各种类型的书籍。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对知识的渴求似乎从未消失，不管我读了多少书。A.try尝试；B.talk谈话；C.gift礼物；D.thirst口渴，渴求。根据后文“forknowledgethatneverseemedtodisappear”可知，这里指对知识的渴求。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对知识的渴求似乎从未消失，不管我读了多少书。A.read阅读；B.drew绘画；C.edited编辑；D.wrote写。根据上文“nomatterhowmanybooksI”可知，这里指读了多少书。故选A。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，突然间，我发现我也有自己的想法，我想写下来和分享。A.frankly坦白地；B.carefully仔细地；C.suddenly突然；D.generally通常。根据后文“IfoundthatItoohadideasofmyownthatIwantedtowriteandshare”可知，作者读了很多书以后，突然发现自己也有想法，想写下来分享。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想分享那些充满美好、爱和喜悦的东西。A.fright恐怖；B.goodness善良，美好；C.sadness悲伤；D.darkness黑暗。根据后文“loveandjoy”可知，作者想分享充满美好、爱和喜悦的东西。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一开始我试图忽视自己的欲望，但正如任何作家都会告诉你的那样，一旦想法在你心中唤醒，它们就不会离开你，直到你把它们写下来。A.express表达；B.explore探索；C.ignore忽视；D.realize意识到。根据后文“mydesireatfirst,butasanywriterwilltellyou”中but表示转折，可知，作者一开始忽视这个想法，但想法一直存在。故选C。【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一开始我试图忽视自己的欲望，但正如任何作家都会告诉你的那样，一旦想法在你心中唤醒，它们就不会离开你，直到你把它们写下来。A.fade褪色；B.awaken唤醒；C.sharpen变锋利；D.freeze冰冻。根据上文“onceideas”指想法在心中唤醒。故选B。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一开始我试图忽视自己的欲望，但正如任何作家都会告诉你的那样，一旦想法在你心中唤醒，它们就不会离开你，直到你把它们写下来。A.alone独自；B.open开放；C.on在上面；D.off脱离。根据上文“theydon’tleaveyou”可知为短语leavesb.alone表示“不干涉某人；留下某人一个人”。故选A。30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有电脑，甚至没有打字机，但我拿起一支笔和一个笔记本，记下了我内心燃烧的一切。A.lost失去；B.lent借给；C.gave给予；D.grabbed抓住，拿起。根据后文“apenandanotebookandwrotedowneverything”可知，作者拿起一支笔和一个笔记本，故选D。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我没有电脑，甚至没有打字机，但我拿起一支笔和一个笔记本，记下了我内心燃烧的一切。A.upside向上；B.back向后；C.inside在里面；D.front前面。对应上文“insideofyou”指内心燃烧的想分享的想法。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我完成时，我不知道在没有互联网的情况下如何与世界分享我的作品。A.share分享；B.send发送；C.give给予；D.post发布。根据后文“myworkwiththeworld”指和世界分享自己的作品。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，我找到了当地报纸的编辑，问他是否愿意刊登我所写的文章。A.reader读者；B.buyer买家；C.editor编辑；D.reporter记者。根据后文“ofmylocalnewspaper”指找到报纸的编辑，想要刊登文章。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我找到了当地报纸的编辑，问他是否愿意刊登我所写的文章。A.read阅读；B.sell销售；C.hear听见；D.print印刷，刊登。根据后文“whatI’dwritten”指刊登作者写的文章。后文“Henotonlyprintedmyfirststory”也是提示。故选D。 【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不仅发表了我的第一个故事，还同意发表我愿意写的任何其他故事。A.shy害羞的；B.willing愿意的；C.nervous紧张的；D.anxious焦虑的。根据上文“HenotonlyprintedmyfirststorybutagreedtopublishanythingelseIwas”可知，编辑不仅发表了第一个故事，还同意发表作者愿意写的任何其他故事。故选B。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年后，我甚至以书形式自己出版了两本故事集。A.collections集合，收集；B.sets设置；C.pieces片；D.records记录。根据后文“ofmystoriesinbookform”指出版了两本故事集。故选A。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过我的写作，我慢慢成为了一个更好的人。A.greater更好的；B.bigger更大的；C.better更好的；D.fatter更胖的。根据后文“thegoodnessandlightthatexistinusall”可知，作者通过写作成为了更好的人。故选C。38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：写作让我发现了存在于我们每个人身上的善良和光明。A.develop发展；B.overlook忽视；C.form形成；D.discover发现。根据后文“thegoodnessandlightthatexistinusall”指发现存在于我们每个人身上的善良和光明。故选D。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还发现，我们都是作家，不管我们是否动笔。A.trainers教练；B.sellers卖家；C.friends朋友；D.writers作家。根据后文“whetherweputpentopaperornot”可知，不管我们是否动笔，我们都是作家，后文“wearewritingourownlifestory.”也是提示。故选D。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们做出的每一个选择，我们的每一个想法，我们采取的每一个行动，我们都在书写自己的人生故事。A.care关心；B.action行动；C.medicine药物；D.picture图片。根据后文“wetake”指采取的每一个行动，故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Shortlyafterdawn,the680-year-oldLionGroveGardenwakesuptothesoundofbirdsanditsmoistairissuffusedwithascent.Withaviewofpavilions,early____41____(visitor)tothisgardenin downtownSuzhou,canfeel____42____senseofZenlikeinnerpeace.WhenmonksduringtheYuanDynastyfirstconstructedthisgarden,theymayhavewantedtoenjoyaquietretreat.Butthischarminggardenhasattractedcelebrityguests,____43____haveleftpoems,paintingsand____44____(history)anecdotesinthefollowingcenturies.“Inrecentyears,we’vetried____45____(restore)thelandscapesofclassicalgardens,butadelicategardencannotbeanemptyshell,”saysBaiLingzhi,deputydirectorofSuzhouAdministrativeBureauofGardenandLandscaping.“Weneedcreativeideastoleadpeopletothelifestyle____46____(advocate)bythegardensintheera,”sheexplains.Lastyear,anewprojectwaslaunched,____47____(allow)touristsinsmallgroupstoreserveplacestoenterthegardenintheearlymorningbeforetheregularopeningtime.Theirvisitendsup____48____makingatraditionalfoldingfan.In1997and2000,nineofthebest-knownclassicalgardensofSuzhou____49____(register)ontotheWorldHeritageList.AsUNESCOremarks:“ClassicalChinesegardendesign,whichseekstore-createnaturallandscapesinminiature,isnowhere____50____(well)illustratedthanintheninegardens.”【答案】41.visitors42.a43.who44.historical##historic45.torestore46.advocated47.allowing48.with49.wereregistered50.better【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是苏州园林狮子林的相关情况。【41题详解】考查名词的复数。句意：从亭台楼阁的景色中，早期来到苏州市区这个花园的游客，可以感受到一种禅意般的内心平静。visitor是可数名词，不止一个，因此空格处用复数，故填visitors。【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：从亭台楼阁的景色中，早期来到苏州市区这个花园的游客，可以感受到一种禅意般的内心平静。asenseof“……感”，故填a。【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意：但这个迷人的花园吸引了名人客人，他们在接下来的几个世纪里留下了诗歌、绘画和历史趣闻。空格处引导的是非谓语动词，从句中缺少主语，先行词guests是人，因此用关系代词who引导定语从句，故填who。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：但这个迷人的花园吸引了名人客人，他们在接下来的几个世纪里留下了诗歌、绘画和历史趣闻。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词anecdotes，history的形容词是historical/historic，意为“历史的”，故填historical/historic。【45题详解】考查不定式。句意：苏州市园林绿化管理局副局长白灵芝表示：“近年来，我们试图恢复古典园林的景观，但一个精致的园林不能是一个空壳。”trytodo是固定短语，意为“试图做某事”，因此空格处用不定式torestore，故填torestore。【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她解释说：“我们需要有创意的想法，把人们引导到那个时代花园倡导的生活方式中去。”句中谓语是need，空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，故填advocated。【47题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：去年，公园推出了一个新项目，允许游客在正常开放时间之前的凌晨预订进入公园的位置。句中谓语是waslaunched，空格处用非谓语动词，空前描述的事情和allow之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，作状语，故填allowing。【48题详解】考查介词。句意：最后，他们制作了一把传统的折扇。endupwithdoing是固定短语，意为“最后，以……结束”，因此空格处是介词with，故填with。【49题详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：1997年和2000年，苏州有9座著名的古典园林被列入《世界遗产名录》。园林被列入《世界遗产名录》，且由In1997and2000可知，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，即was/weredone，主语“nineofthebest-knownclassicalgardensofSuzhou”是复数，因此空格处是wereregistered。故填wereregistered。 50题详解】考查比较级。句意：正如联合国教科文组织评论的那样：“中国古典园林设计试图以微型化的方式再现自然景观，没有比这九座园林更好的诠释了。”由than可知，空格处用比较级better。故填better。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Asastudent,Ihavefewopportunitiestoworkowingmyfullschedule.ButanactivitycalledFarmWorkProgramleftadeepimpressiononyou.Duringtheprogram,Ihadtogetupearlyanddidarrangingfarmworkwithmyclassmates.Forexample,wehelpwatertheplantsandpickedvegetables.Whilework,Irealizedhowhardlyitwastoworkwithmyownhands.Whathappyitwastoenjoythefruitsofmylabor.Athomewherewecanhelpourparentsdosomehousework.Wecanhelpwashdishesbeforedinner.Rememberthatnothingcanmakeushappythanseeingtheresultsofourhardwork.【答案】1.owing后添加to2.you→me3.arranging→arranged4.help→helped5.work→working6.hardly→hard7.What→How8.where删除9.before→after10.happy→happier 【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者参加一项名为“农活计划”的活动的经过以及感悟。【详解】1.考查固定短语。句意：作为一名学生，我很少有机会工作，因为我的时间表很满。短语owingto表示“因为”。故owing后添加to。2.考查代词。句意：但是一个叫农活计划的活动给我留下了深刻的印象。此处指给作者“我”留下深刻印象，应用代词me。故you改为me。3.考查形容词。句意：在项目期间，我不得不早起，和同学一起做安排好的农活。修饰farmwork应用形容词arranged(安排的)，作定语。故arranging改为arranged。4.考查时态。句意：例如，我们帮助植物浇水和采摘蔬菜。描述过去发生的事情，谓语动词help应用一般过去时。故help改为helped。5.考查状语从句的省略。句意：在工作时，我意识到用自己的双手工作是多么困难。在while引导的时间状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be，相当于省略了Iwas，原句为：WhileIwasworking，现在分词working表主动。故work改为working。6.考查形容词。句意：在工作时，我意识到用自己的双手工作是多么困难。作表语，表示“困难”应用形容词hard。故hardly改为hard。7.考查感叹句。句意：享受自己的劳动成果是多么幸福啊！此处感叹形容词happy应用how，首字母大写。故What改为How。8.考查句子结构。句意：在家里，我们可以帮助父母做一些家务。Athome作地点状语，wecanhelpourparentsdosomehousework为简单句，不需要where。故where删除。9.考查介词。句意：晚饭后我们可以帮忙洗碗。表示“晚饭后”应用介词after。故before改为after。10.考查比较级。句意：记住，没有什么比看到我们努力工作的结果更能让我们开心的了。“否定词+比较级”等于最高级，根据后文“thanseeingtheresultsofourhardwork”可知应用比较级happier。故happy改为happier。第二节书面表达(满分25分)52.10月16日所在周为全国粮食安全宣传周，你校将以“珍惜粮食”为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： 1.粮食的重要性；2.珍惜粮食的倡议。3.参考词汇：全国粮食安全宣传周：NationalFoodSecurityPublicityWeek________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】October16thwasnamedofficiallybytheUNin1981asNationalFoodSecurityPublicityWeek.Itaimstoraisepeople’sawarenessofsavingfood.Whyshouldweattachgreatimportancetosavingfood?Thereisnodenyingthatittakesalotofeffortstoproducefood.Thus,weneedtovaluetheworkofothersbynotwastingany,whichisthesocialresponsibilityallofushavetotake.Besides,savingfoodservesasaremindertokeepusawarethattherearestillmanypeoplesufferingfromstarvationonthisplanet,so,astheprivilegedones,itwouldbeshamefulifwetakefoodorourgoodlifeforgranted.Thus,I’dliketomakeasincereappealthateverysingleoneshouldbeawareofourdutytocherishfood.Ifeveryonemakesacontribution,theworldwillbeabetterplacetolivein.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于议论文。10月16日所在周为全国粮食安全宣传周，你校将以“珍惜粮食”为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。【详解】1.词汇积累因此：thus→hence此外：besides→what’smore真诚的：sincere→genuine责任：duty→responsibility2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：October16thwasnamedofficiallybytheUNin1981asNationalFoodSecurityPublicityWeek.Itaimstoraisepeople’sawarenessofsavingfood.拓展句：October16thwasnamedofficiallybytheUNin1981asNationalFoodSecurityPublicity Week,whichaimstoraisepeople’sawarenessofsavingfood.【点睛】【高分句型1】Thus,weneedtovaluetheworkofothersbynotwastingany,whichisthesocialresponsibilityallofushavetotake.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)【高分句型2】Thus,I’dliketomakeasincereappealthateverysingleoneshouldbeawareofourdutytocherishfood.(运用了that引导的同位语从句)听力答案：1-5CBCAA6-10CBACA11-15ACABC16-20BABCB