河南省焦作市普通高中2021-2022学年高二英语上学期期末试卷（Word版附解析）

焦作市普通高中2021-2022学年（上）高二年级期末考试英语考生注意：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共2节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onabus.B.Inarestaurant.C.Atastation.2.Whichsportdoesthemanlikebest?A.Swimming.B.Football.C.Gymnastics.3.WhatcanwelearnaboutMr.Smith?A.HenowlivesinChicago.B.Hehasjustlosthisjob.C.Hedoesn’tlikehisnewjob.4.What’sthemandoing?A.Takinganexam.B.Askingforleave.C.Makinganappointment.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutBrucefromtheconversation? A.Helikeswearingredclothes.B.Heplantsrosesinhisgarden.C.Heexpressedhislovewithroses.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What’swrongwithBrian?A.Heistiredoflearning.B.Heishavingacold.C.Heisworriedabouttests.7.What’sdoesthewomansuggesttoBrian?A.Askingforleave.B.Goingbacktoschool.C.Goingtoseeadoctor.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Gototheairport.B.Takeabreak.C.TalkwithVictor.9.HowistodayforVictor?A.Busy.B.Terrible.C.Important.10.WhatwillVictorbedoingatfouro’clock?A.Drivingontheway.B.Havingameeting.C.Writingareport.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Managerandcustomer.12.WhatisDavidBrown’sphonenumber?A.633001.B.622301.C.633201.13.Whereisthephonenumber?A.OnMissGrey’sdesk.B.OnMr.Banks’desk.C.OnMr.Brown’sdesk.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhatwillKarenbe?A.Anurse.B.Astudent.C.Ateacher15.WhydidKarenchoosethejob?A.Sheloveskids.B.Itiswellpaid.C.Shelikeschallenges. 16WhatdoesthewomanthinkofKaren?A.Energetic.B.Lovely.C.Patient.17.Whymightkidslikegoingtokindergartenfinally?A.Theyhavenewfriendsandtoys.B.Theyareawayfromtheirparents.C.Theycaneatmanydelicioussnacks.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whichdepartmentisthenewestone?A.TheEnglishdepartment.B.TheFrenchdepartment.C.TheChinesedepartment.19.WheredotheteachersintheEnglishdepartmentmainlycomefrom?A.EnglandandAmerica.B.AmericaandAustralia.C.AmericaandCanada.20.Wherearetheygoingnext?A.OldMain.B.TheEnglishdepartment.C.TheStudents’ActivityCenterBuilding.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABestSubscription(订阅)BoxesforFamiliestoEnjoyTogetherWhenwe’reallbusywithschool,work,this,thatandtheother,wealldesiremorefamilytime.We’vegotsomeofthebestsubscriptionboxesthatcanbringfamilyfunforallagegroupsandgatherthewholefamilytogetherforscreen-freefun.ReadingBugBoxPrice:Startsat$18.00/monthDesignedfornewbornsonupto13yearsold,themixof3-4children’bookshasbeenpersonalizedtoeverychild’sage,readinglevel,andinterests.Allowsomeofthefinestbook-lovingexpertstofillyourhomelibrarywithcolorfultales.Craft(手工)+BoogieBoxPrice:Startsat$24.95/month Designedforkidsaged3-8,everyboxbringsaminipartyinthemail,sendingthemedboxespackedwithholidayfunforthewholefamily.Celebratepopularandless-knownholidayswithamixofstress-freeDIYcraftprojects,aBoogiemusicplaylist,snackrecipes,partysuppliesandagameforeveryonetoenjoy.WeCraftBoxPrice:Startsat$25.00/monthAsoneofthebestsubscriptionboxesoftheyear,eachboxisdesignedforkidsaged3-9andcentersaroundachildren’sstorybook.Noneedtospendyourtimeplanningandshopping!Justopencraftboxesfilledwithhighqualitymaterialsandsupplies,andgetstraightdowntomakingmemories.TerraCreateCraftPrice:Startsat$34.00/monthTheTerraCreateCraftcanhelpyougethands-onexperiencewithyourteensforalittlecreativecrafting.Everymonthbringsallyou’llneedtomakeafashionable,gender-neutral(中性的)project,includingmaterials,illustrated(图解)stepsandhighqualitytools.1.WhatcanchildrendowithCraft+BoogieBox?A.Playholidaygames.B.Createnewholidays.C.Dosomeshopping.D.Improvereadinglevels.2.Whichsubscriptioncanbemadeatthelowestprice?A.WeCraftBox.B.ReadingBugBox.C.TerraCreateCraft.D.Craft+BoogieBox.3.Whoisthetextintendedfor?A.teens.B.Parents.C.Students.D.Youngadults.【答案】1.A2.B3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了适合全家一起享用按月订购的盒子，可以为所有年龄段的人带来家庭乐趣。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Craft（手工）+BoogieBox中的“Designedforkidsaged3-8,everyboxbringsaminipartyinthemail,sendingthemedboxespackedwithholidayfunforthewholefamily.Celebratepopularandless-knownholidayswithamixofstress-freeDIYcraftprojects,aBoogiemusicplaylist,snackrecipes,partysuppliesandagameforeveryonetoenjoy.(专为3-8岁的孩子设计，每个盒子都在邮件中带来一个迷你派对，发送主题盒，为全家人提供节日乐趣。庆祝流行和不太知名的节日，混合无压力的DIY手工项目，Boogie音乐 播放列表，零食食谱，派对用品和一个游戏，让每个人都可以享受。)”可知，孩子们可以用Craft+BoogieBox做玩节日游戏。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据ReadingBugBox中的“Price:Startsat$18.00/month(价格：每月18美元起)”、Craft（手工）+BoogieBox中的“Price:Startsat$24.95/month(价格：每月24.95美元起)”、WeCraftBox中的“Price:Startsat$25.00/month(价格：每月25美元起)”和TerraCreateCraft中的“Price:Startsat$34.00/month(价格：每月34美元起)”可知，ReadingBugBox价格认购最低。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Whenwe’reallbusywithschool,work,this,thatandtheother,wealldesiremorefamilytime.We’vegotsomeofthebestsubscriptionboxesthatcanbringfamilyfunforallagegroupsandgatherthewholefamilytogetherforscreen-freefun.(当我们都忙于学习、工作、这个、那个和其他事情时，我们都希望有更多的家庭时间。我们有一些最好的订阅盒子，可以为所有年龄段的人带来家庭乐趣，并将整个家庭聚集在一起，享受无屏幕的乐趣。)”和TerraCreateCraft中的“TheTerraCreateCraftcanhelpyougethands-onexperiencewithyourteensforalittlecreativecrafting.(TerraCreateCraft可以帮助你和你的孩子们获得一些有创意的手工制作的实践经验。)”可推断，这篇文章是写给父母看的。故选B。BAn84-year-oldKansaswoman,Genie,lastmonthauctioned(拍卖)offherFordtruckfor$16,000—that’snotunusual.WhatisunusualisthatherFordhasbeeninherfamilysincebeforeshewasbornin1937.ThetruckwasoriginallyboughtbyGenie’sfatherbackwhenhorsesandcarriageswerestillthemainformoftransportation.Geniesaidherfathergotitbeforehegotherandhewasprettyproudofthistruckbecausehehadfarmedwithhorses.Butsometimeshorseswerenotquiteuptofarmwork.Forafarmer,goingfromhorsestoanewtruckwasabigdealinthosedays.What’ssoamazingabouttheoldtruck,though,ishowwellit’spreserved.Anditamazinglystillranalthoughthemotor,theonlypartthatisn’toriginal,wasremadeandreplaced.Itstillhasitsoriginalpaintjob,withjustalittlerust(锈迹).Thesamesideboardswhichonceincreaseditsroomtoloadmoregrainarestillinplace.AndthetruckstillhasitsdocumentationfromJuly1937.Itisinterestingtoseethat,atthattime,itwastitledusingtheenginenumberworthytobeseeninamuseum.Aftertwentyyearsofworkingthefields,thetruckwasparkedinabarnin1957afterGenie’smotherreplacedthetiresduringthehardtimeofWorldWarⅡ.Hermotherevenhadahardtimegettingatireforit.Shehadn’tgotangryverymuch,butshesuredidthattime.Andit’shardlyseenthelightofdaysincethen,some64yearsago.OldvehicleownerswillagreethatthisFordtruckisnotonlyuniquebutalsoexceptional.Thistruckisnot perfect.However,it’soriginal,andyoucan’tfindoriginalveryoften.4.WhatwasthepurposeofGenie’sfatherinbuyingthetruck?A.Todofarmwork.B.Torewardhimself.C.Toshowoffhiswealth.D.TocelebrateGenie’sbirth.5.Whatmakesthetrucksoamazing?A.Ithasworkedfor80years.B.Itisstillingoodcondition.C.Ithasextraroomtocarrymore.D.Ithasbeencollectedbyamuseum.6.WhydidGenie’smothergetangry?A.Shecouldn’tfindtiresforhertruck.B.Shesawthecrueltyandbloodofwar.C.Shehadtoputhertruckasideforever.D.Shefoundthetruckhadbadlyrusted.7.Whatdooldvehicleownersthinkofthetruck?A.Perfect.B.Broken.C.Valuable.D.Expensive.【答案】4.A5.B6.A7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位84岁的堪萨斯州妇女拍卖她的福特汽车，并讲述了它的不同之处和意义。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Geniesaidherfathergotitbeforehegotherandhewasprettyproudofthistruckbecausehehadfarmedwithhorses.Butsometimeshorseswerenotquiteuptofarmwork.Forafarmer,goingfromhorsestoanewtruckwasabigdealinthosedays.（吉妮说她父亲在她出生之前就有了这辆卡车，他对这辆卡车非常自豪，因为他以前务农用过马。但有时马不能胜任农活。对一个农民来说，从马匹到一辆新卡车在那个时代是一件大事。）”可知，吉妮的父亲买这辆卡车是为了做农活。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“What’ssoamazingabouttheoldtruck,though,ishowwellit’spreserved.（这辆老卡车的神奇之处在于，它保存得如此完好。）”可知，这辆老卡车的神奇之处在于，几十年过去了它的状态仍然很好。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Hermotherevenhadahardtimegettingatireforit.Shehadn’tgotangryverymuch,butshesuredidthattime.（她妈妈甚至很难给它弄到轮胎。她很少生气，但那个时候她确实生气了。）”可知，杰妮的妈妈生气的原因在于她找不到卡车的轮胎。故选A。【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“OldvehicleownerswillagreethatthisFordtruckisnotonlyuniquebutalsoexceptional.（老车车主们会同意，这款福特卡车不仅独一无二，而且与众不同。）”可推断，老车车主们认为这辆卡车很有价值。故选C。CWe’vehadweatherforecastsforyears.Forecastingournear-termhealthisfarharder.Yetknowingearlythatwemaybecomingdownwiththeflucouldbegreatlyhelpful.Wearabletechnology,suchassmartwatches,isbeginningtoprovidejustsuchearlywarnings.Aresearchteamasked49volunteerstowearwristbandswithsensorsbeforeandaftertheyreceivedacoldorfluvirus.Atleastoncepersecond,therewristbandsrecordedheartrates,bodymovements,skintemperaturesandmore.Innineoutofeverytenparticipants,thesedatashowedsignsofdevelopingillnessatleastadaybeforesymptoms(症状)appeared.Thisearlywarningcanhelpstopinfections(传染)inthebeginning.Itmayheadoffserioussymptomsthatotherwisewouldsendweakpeopleintohospitalallowingthemtogetsomerest,reducetheirstressandperhapstakedrugs.Andknowingyou’resickbeforeyouhavesymptomscanwarnyoutolaylowsoyoucanreducethechanceofspreadingyourdisease.However,thesesystemsaren’tyetreadyfortherealworld.Onechallengeisthatmanyviralinfectionshavesimilarsymptoms.Infact,manythingsotherthanvirusescausethesamesymptoms.Examplesincludefoodpoisoning,asthmaorseasonalallergies.Similarly,heartratesrespondtothingsthathavenothingtodowithinfections,suchasexerciseandscarymovies.What’smore,inreallife,wedon’tknowwhowasexposed(暴露)tosomevirusandwhen,sothatpost-exposuretimewindowwon’tbeknown.Potentiallyinfectedpeoplemightbethosewhosedatagobeyondacertainvalueinanytwo-hourwindow.Buttheteamhasnotyettestedhowwellthepredictionmodelwouldworkinthissetting.Thestudysoundsexciting,butmuchworkislefttodo.Futuresystemswilllikelyincludeothertypesofbodilychangesthatpinpointdevelopingillness.Andresearcherswillbefine-tuning(微调)thosesystemsbyanalyzinghowwelltheypredicteffectsinthousandsofpeople.8.Whatiswearabletechnologyusedforintheresearch?A.Confirmingpositions.B.Predictingdiseases.C.Forecastingweather.D.Refreshingthevolunteers.9.Howdoesearlywarningbenefitweakpeople?A.Itgreatlyimprovestheirphysicalcondition.B.Itprotectsthemfromvirusinfections. C.Itremindsthemtotreatdiseasedearlier.D.Itcancompletelystopvirusfromspreading.10.Whatisparagraph4mainlytalkingabout?A.Thevariousresponsestothewarningsystems.B.Thesimilarsymptomsforviralinfections.C.Themainpurposesofthepredictionmodel.D.Thelimitationsoftheearlywarningsystems.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pinpoint”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Show.B.Cure.C.Research.D.Cause.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是可以预测身体健康状况的可穿戴设备。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Wearabletechnology,suchassmartwatches,isbeginningtoprovidejustsuchearlywarnings.”（智能手表等可穿戴技术正开始提供这样的早期预警）根据第二段的“Aresearchteamasked49volunteerstowearwristbandswithsensorsbeforeandaftertheyreceivedacoldorfluvirus.（一个研究小组要求49名志愿者在接受感冒或流感病毒感染前后佩戴带有传感器的腕带。）”和“Innineoutofeverytenparticipants,thesedatashowedsignsofdevelopingillnessatleastadaybeforesymptoms(症状)appeared.(十分之九的参与者中，这些数据显示至少在症状出现前一天出现患病的迹象)”可知，可佩戴科技在研究中被用来预测疾病。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Itmayheadoffserioussymptomsthatotherwisewouldsendweakpeopleintohospital,allowingthemtogetsomerest,reducetheirstressandperhapstakedrugs.Andknowingyou’resickbeforeyouhavesymptomscanwarnyoutolaylowsoyoucanreducethechanceofspreadingyourdisease.(它可能会防止严重的症状的发生，否则会把虚弱的人送进医院，让他们可以得到一些休息，减轻压力，也许还会服药。在你出现症状之前就知道你生病了，可以警告你卧床，这样就可以减少传播疾病的机会。)可知，这种早期预警可以阻止严重的症状，在出现症状之前就知道自己生病了，可以提醒他们早治疗，多休息，减少病毒的传播，故选C。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段的“However,thesesystemsaren’tyetreadyfortherealworld.Onechallengeisthatmanyviralinfectionshavesimilarsymptoms.(然而，这些系统还没有准备好进入现实世界。其中一个挑战是，许多病毒感染都有类似的症状。)”和“What’smore,inreallife,wedon’tknowwhowasexposed(暴露)tosomevirusandwhen,sothatpost-exposuretimewindowwon’tbeknown.Potentiallyinfectedpeoplemightbethosewhosedatagobeyondacertainvalueinanytwo-hourwindow.(更重要的是，在现实生活中，我们不 知道谁接触了某些病毒以及什么时候接触的，所以暴露后的时间窗口不会被知道。潜在的感染者可能是那些在任何两小时窗口期内数据超过一定值的人。)”可知，本段主要讲述早期预警系统的局限性。故选D。【11题详解】词句猜测题。根据下文“Andresearcherswillbefine-tuning(微调)thosesystemsbyanalyzinghowwelltheypredicteffectsinthousandsofpeople.(研究人员将通过分析这些系统对数千人的预测效果，对这些系统进行微调)”可知，这些系统可以预测结果，结合上文“thesedatashowedsignsofdevelopingillnessatleastadaybeforesymptoms(症状)appeared(这些数据显示至少在症状出现前一天患病的迹象)”说明系统显示患病迹象，因此推断划线句句意为：未来的系统可能会包括其他类型的显示疾病的发展的身体变化。故划线词与A项意思相近。故选A。D180Torontobuildingshavegivenupenergyintensive(密集的)air-conditioninginfavorofcoolingbypumpingcoldwaterfromthedepthsofLakeOntariothroughpipesinthewallsandfloors.TheseincludeCityHall,TorontoGeneralHospital,hotels,datacenters,andtheScotiabankArena,hometotheRaptorsbasketballteam—altogetherthe54millionsquarefeetofrealestate(房地产)saves90,000megawatthoursofelectricityannually,whichisenoughtopower25,000homes.TheDeepLakeWaterCooling(DLWC)systemofTorontoisthelargestofitskindonEarth.Itreliesonthreepipeslying3.5milessouthofthecity,280feetbelowthelake,whichbringinthe4°Cwaterbeforepumpingittoacentralstationthatthensendsitthroughtothebuildings.Warmwaterrunningoutofthebuildingsispumpedbackintothelaketomakeupthedifference,takingtheheatittakesinwithit.AbigprojectrelatedtoDLWCinTorontoiscalledTheWell.Itisathermalstoragesystemusingatwo-milliongallontankofcoldwaterfromthelakewhichcanstoreenergyatnightduringoff-peaktimes,easing(缓解)thepressureontheelectricitynetandreducingcosts.Thiswillopenthedoortoanother17millionsquarefeetofrealestate.DLWCisn’ttheonlymethodofcoolingbuildingswithwater;theotherinvolvesevaporating(蒸发)waterusinglargetanksasameansofgettingridofheat.However,thisleadstomasswaterusage,andDLWCcankeep220milliongallonsofwaterinthelake,inthepipes,orintheground,comparedtoevaporativecooling.DLWCisn’tsomethingeverycityorbuildingcanuse,butsomebuildings,likethemillionsquarefootHSBCHeadquartersinHongKong,arecooledwithseawaterinstead.12.WhatcanwelearnaboutDLWCfromthetext?A.ItisusedonlyinthecityofToronto.B.Itrequiresmuchmoreelectricity.C.Itwasteslotsofnaturalwater.D.Ituseswatercirculationtocoolhomes. 13.WhatcanTheWelldo?AFreshentheair.B.Storeenergy.C.Cleanwater.D.Producepower.14.Whatisthedisadvantageoftheair-conditioningbyevaporatingwater?A.Itislow-tech.B.Itusesupmuchwater.C.Itisexpensivetosetup.D.Itisonlyfitforsmallbuildings.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Today’sTorontoCityB.HeatStorageSystemsC.TheDLWCofTorontoD.MethodsofAirCooling【答案】12.D13.B14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了多伦多的深湖水冷却系统（DLWC）的工作机制，效能和优势。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“TheDeepLakeWaterCooling(DLWC)systemofTorontoisthelargestofitskindonEarth.Itreliesonthreepipeslying3.5milessouthofthecity,280feetbelowthelake，whichbringinthe4°Cwaterbeforepumpingittoacentralstationthatthensendsitthroughtothebuildings.”（多伦多的深湖水冷却系统(DLWC)是地球上同类系统中最大的。它依靠三根位于城市以南3.5英里，位于湖下280英尺的管道，将4°C的水输送到中心站，然后再将其输送到建筑物。）可知，DLWC它利用水循环来冷却家庭。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Itisathermalstoragesystemusingatwo-milliongallontankofcoldwaterfromthelakewhichcanstoreenergyatnightduringoff-peaktimes,easingthepressureontheelectricitynetandreducingcosts.”（这是一个蓄热系统，使用湖中200万加仑的冷水，可以在夜间非高峰时段储存能量，减轻了电网的压力，降低了成本。）可知，TheWell可以储存能量。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“theotherinvolvesevaporatingwaterusinglargetanksasameansofgettingridofheat.However,thisleadstomasswaterusage”（另一种方法是使用大型水箱来蒸发水，作为一种散热的方法。然而，这导致了大量的用水量）可知，空调蒸发水的缺点是它消耗很多水。故选B。【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“TheDeepLakeWaterCooling(DLWC)systemofTorontoisthelargestofitskindonEarth.”（多伦多的深湖水冷却系统(DLWC)是地球上同类系统中最大的。）及全文可知，本文主要介绍了多伦多的深湖水冷却系统（DLWC）的工作机制，效能和优势。所以“TheDLWCofToronto(多伦多的深湖水冷却系统)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoBuildSelf-ControlStudyafterstudyconfirmsthatifwejustfindthewaytostrengthenourself-controlourliveswillbecomesomuchbetter.Wecanachieveourgoalsmucheasier.____16____Youcanlearnhowtoimproveself-controlovertimewithpractice.Findahealthydistraction(分心).You’llfindithardertoavoidyourdesireifyousimplysitandfocusonit.Instead,recognizethedesireandactivelytrytodistractyourselfwithsomethingelse.Thiscanhelpdistractyourmindfromthedesireandgiveyouthespacetotrulydecideifyouwanttoactonthatdesire.____17____Forexample,youcancutpaper,knit,makewoodentoysoreventextafriend.____18____Besidesmomentarydistractions,youcanactivelytrytoreplacethebehavioryouwanttocontrolwithanotherpositiveone.Forexample,ifyou’retryingtostopspendingmoney,youcandevelopthehabitofwalkinginagreenspacewhereyouwon’tevenhavetheopportunitytoshop.Orifyou’retryingtocontrolovereating,youcandevelopthehabitofdoingsportswhenthedesirearises.Trybreathingdeeply.Thissuggestioncancomeinhandyifyouaretryingtoquitsmoking.Ifyouwanttosmoke,don’timmediatelygiveintothecigarette.____19____Remindyourselfthatsmokingisnotanecessity.Takethefiveminutesofbreathingtoimaginethedesireslowlydisappearingeverytimeyoubreathe.Makealistofthehabitsorbehaviorsyouwanttocontrol.Ifpeopleinyourlifehavemadesuggestionsaboutyourhabits,takethosesuggestionsintoconsideration.____20____Solistentoyourintuition(直觉)andhonorhowyoufeelaswellasfeedbackyouhavereceivedfrompeopleinyourlife.Youhavetobecommittedtomakingchangeandbuildingself-controlinordertotrulychangeyourbehaviors.A.Useyoursupportsystem.B.Developpositivehabits.C.Andsuccesswillnotbeadistantdreamanymore.D.Rememberthattruechangecomesfromtheinside. E.Startbyincreasingyourconfidenceandimprovingyourskills.F.Sometimesdoingsomethingwithyourhandsishelpful.G.Instead,setyourphonetimerforfiveminutes,andfocusonbreathingdeeply.【答案】16.C17.F18.B19.G20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了加强自我控制的好处和方法。【16题详解】根据前文“Studyafterstudyconfirmsthatifwejustfindthewaytostrengthenourself-control,ourliveswillbecomesomuchbetter.Wecanachieveourgoalsmucheasier.（一项又一项研究证实，如果我们能找到加强自我控制的方法，我们的生活将变得更加美好。我们可以更容易地实现我们的目标。）”可知，本段介绍的是加强自我控制的好处，有助于提升自我，从而获得成功。C选项“Andsuccesswillnotbeadistantdreamanymore.（成功不再是遥不可及的梦想。）”符合题意，故选C。【17题详解】根据后文“Forexample,youcancutpaper,knit,makewoodentoysoreventextafriend.（例如，你可以剪纸，编织，制作木制玩具，甚至给朋友发短信。）”可知，这里的分散注意力的方式是通过动手做些事情。F选项“Sometimesdoingsomethingwithyourhandsishelpful.（有时候用你的手做一些事情是有帮助的。）”符合题意，故选F。【18题详解】根据后文“Besidesmomentarydistractions,youcanactivelytrytoreplacethebehavioryouwanttocontrolwithanotherpositiveone.（除了短暂的干扰，你可以积极地尝试用另一个积极的行为来代替你想要控制的行为。）”可知，本段介绍的方法是养成积极的习惯，进行一些积极的活动行为。B选项“Developpositivehabits.（养成积极的习惯。）”符合题意，故选B。【19题详解】根据后文“Takethefiveminutesofbreathingtoimaginethedesireslowlydisappearingeverytimeyoubreathe.（花五分钟的时间呼吸，想象每次你呼吸的时候，那种渴望慢慢消失。）”可知，前文讲述的是给自己五分钟时间深呼吸消除想吸烟的欲望。G选项“Instead,setyourphonetimerforfiveminutes,andfocusonbreathingdeeply.（相反，把你的手机计时器设为5分钟，然后专注于深呼吸。）”符合题意，故选G。【20题详解】根据后文“Solistentoyourintuitionandhonorhowyoufeelaswellasfeedbackyouhavereceivedfrompeopleinyourlife.（所以，倾听你的直觉，尊重你的感受，以及你从生活中人们那里得到的反馈。）”可知，做出改变要遵从自己的内心。D选项“Rememberthattruechangecomesfromtheinside. （记住真正的改变来自内心。）”符合题意，故选D。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Duetothepandemic,familymemberscouldn’tmeeteachothereasily.Itwasparticularly____21____for99-year-oldMaryO’Neill,whohasbeenliving____22____becauseallofherrelativesliveoutofthestate.Shehadtostayat____23____,watchingtelevisionallday.BenjaminOlson,atwo-year-oldboythen,washer____24____.Unabletoplaywithkidsofhisage,hewasalso____25____athome.Theunusualfriendshipdeveloped____26____.Atfirst,Marywould____27____atBenjaminfromherwindowwhenevershesawtheyoungboyinthe____28____.Then,shebeganwalkingslowlyoutsideto____29____himinperson.Theroutineeventuallyexpandedto_____30_____gatheringsbythefencethatseparatedthetwohomes.Theunlikelypaireveninventedasociallydistanced_____31_____thatMarycalls“cane(手杖)ball”.Marycameoutofthehouseonemorning,andBenjaminthrewhis_____32_____towardthefence.Shegothercane,reachedoverthe_____33_____andhittheballtowardhim,andhewouldthrowitback.That’showit_____34_____.Whenthe_____35_____changed,thetwocouldn’tmeetintheyardasregularly.ButBenjamin’smother,Sarah,keptthe_____36_____alivebyfrequentlystoppingbyMary’shousewiththebundled-up(包裹严实的)baby.Thisspring,MarygiftedBenjaminwithacolorfultoytruckcollectionthathadonce_____37_____herson.Theyoungboyreturnedthefavorwithhisown_____38_____—apileofdirtthathecarefullycarriedinhissmallhandsand_____39_____atherdoor.Youwouldn’t_____40_____thata99-year-oldanda2-year-oldwouldbefriends,buttheycanbe.Andtheybothgetalotoutofit.21.A.impossibleB.hardC.differentD.normal22.A.abroadB.safelyC.aloneD.simply23.A.homeB.riskC.peaceD.pains24.A.volunteerB.roommateC.neighborD.relative25.A.hiddenB.leftC.lockedD.stuck26.A.immediatelyB.graduallyC.vaguelyD.deliberately27.A.shoutB.waveC.pointD.laugh 28.A.houseB.communityC.yardD.street29.A.helpB.saveC.holdD.greet30.A.tiresomeB.monthlyC.awkwardD.daily31.A.ruleB.challengeC.gameD.interview32.A.snackB.ballC.clothesD.toys33.A.wallB.fenceC.windowD.steps34.A.managedB.finishedC.settledD.started35.A.feelingB.placeC.weatherD.requirement36.A.conversationB.memoryC.friendshipD.kindness37.A.belongedtoB.knockedatC.sufferedfromD.preparedfor38.A.presentB.inventionC.successD.image39.A.droppedB.obtainedC.spottedD.selected40.A.noticeB.hopeC.admitD.guess【答案】21.A22.C23.A24.C25.D26.B27.B28.C29.D30.D31.C32.B33.B34.D35.C36.C37.A38.A39.A40.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了99岁的独居老妇人玛丽和2岁的邻居本杰明，在疫情隔离期间发展出了友谊的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对99岁的玛丽·奥尼尔来说尤其不可能，她一直独自生活，因为她所有的亲戚都住在州外。A.impossible不可能的；B.hard难的；C.different不同的；D.normal正常的。根据下文“whohasbeenliving____2____becauseallofherrelativesliveoutofthestate”可知，玛丽独居，且所有的亲戚都住在州外，所以更不可能容易见面。故选A。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这对99岁的玛丽·奥尼尔来说尤其不可能，她一直独自生活，因为她所有的亲戚都住在州外。A.abroad在国外；B.safely安全地；C.alone独自地；D.simply简单地。根据下文“becauseallofherrelativesliveoutofthestate.”可知，玛丽所有的亲戚都住在州外，可得出99岁的玛丽是独居。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不得不呆在家里，整天看电视。A.home家；B.risk危险；C.peace平静；D.pains疼痛。根据下文“watchingtelevisionallday.” 可知，因为疫情，玛丽不得不呆在家里看电视。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时两岁的本杰明·奥尔森是她的邻居。A.volunteer志愿者；B.roommate室友；C.neighbor邻居；D.relative亲戚。根据下文“Atfirst,Marywould____7____atBenjaminfromherwindowwhenevershesawtheyoungboyinthe____8____.”可知，两人是邻居关系。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于不能和同龄的孩子一起玩，他也不得不呆在家里。A.hidden隐藏；B.left离开；C.locked锁；D.stuck钉住。bestuckin被困在……中。根据上文“Unabletoplaywithkidsofhisage”可知，因为疫情，所以被困在家中。故选D。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这种不同寻常的友谊是逐渐发展起来的。A.immediately立即；B.gradually逐渐地；C.vaguely含糊地；D.deliberately故意地。这里指99岁的独居老妇人玛丽和2岁的邻居本杰明因为疫情被困在家里，两人之间不同寻常的友谊是逐渐发展起来的。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，每当玛丽看到院子里的小男孩时，她都会从窗口向本杰明挥手。A.shout大喊；B.wave挥动；C.point指向；D.laugh大笑。根据下文“whenevershesawtheyoungboyinthe____8____.”可知，玛丽通过窗户向邻居本杰明挥手打招呼。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，每当玛丽看到院子里的小男孩时，她都会从窗口向本杰明挥手。A.house房子；B.community社区；C.yard院子；D.street街道。根据下文“thetwocouldn’tmeetintheyardasregularly”和常识可知，玛丽通过窗户看到了在院子里玩的小男孩。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，她开始慢慢地走到外面，亲自跟他打招呼。A.help帮助；B.save拯救；C.hold容纳；D.greet打招呼。根据上文“Then,shebeganwalkingslowlyoutside”可知，玛丽走到外面亲自与本杰明打招呼，而不是之前的远距离挥手打招呼。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种惯例最终发展到每天都聚集在两家之间的栅栏旁。A.tiresome令人讨厌的；B.monthly每月的；C.awkward尴尬的；D.daily每日的。根据上文“Theroutine”可知，两人之间的打招呼成为每天的惯例。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对不太可能的搭档甚至发明了一种社交距离游戏，玛丽称之为“手杖球”。 A.rule规则；B.challenge挑战；C.game游戏；interview采访。根据下文“thatMarycalls“cane(手杖)ball””可知，玛丽发明了两人之间的游戏。故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，玛丽从房子里出来，本杰明把球扔向篱笆。A.snack点心；B.ball球；C.clothes衣服；D.toys玩具。根据上文“Theunlikelypaireveninventedasociallydistanced____11____thatMarycalls“cane(手杖)ball”.”可知，两人玩的是“手杖球”。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她拿起手杖，越过栅栏把球打向他，他会把球扔回去。A.wall墙；B.fence栅栏；C.window窗户；D.steps台阶。根据上文“Benjaminthrewhis____12____towardthefence.”可知，两人越过栅栏传球。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是它是如何开始的。A.managed管理；B.finished完成；C.settled解决；D.started开始。根据上文“Marycameoutofthehouseonemorning,andBenjaminthrewhis____12____towardthefence.Shegothercane,reachedoverthe____13____andhittheballtowardhim,andhewouldthrowitback.”可知，此处讲两个人之间的“手杖球”游戏是如何开始的。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：天气变了，两人就不能像以前那样经常在院子里见面了。A.feeling感情；B.place地方；C.weather天气；D.requirement要求。根据下文“ButBenjamin’smother,Sarah,keptthe____16____alivebyfrequentlystoppingbyMary’shousewiththebundled-up(包裹严实的)baby.”可知，天气变化变冷。故选C。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但本杰明的母亲萨拉，通过经常带着裹得严严的孩子到玛丽家，维持了这段友谊。A.conversation交谈；B.memory记忆；C.friendship友谊；D.kindness善意。根据上文“Theunusualfriendshipdeveloped____6____.”可知，本杰明的母亲帮助两人维持友谊。故选C。【37题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：今年春天，玛丽送给本杰明一个五颜六色的玩具卡车，那是她儿子曾经的收藏。A.belongedto属于；B.knockedat敲；C.sufferedfrom遭受；D.preparedfor为……做准备。根据上文“Thisspring,MarygiftedBenjaminwithacolorfultoytruckcollection”可知，玩具卡车收藏品曾经属于玛丽儿子的。故选A。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：年幼的男孩用他自己的礼物回报了她—— 他的小手小心翼翼地捧着一堆泥土，放在她的门口。A.present礼物；B.invention发明；C.success成功；D.image印象。根据上文“Thisspring,MarygiftedBenjaminwithacolorfultoytruckcollectionthathadonce____17____herson.Theyoungboyreturnedthefavor”可知，玛丽送给本杰明一个五颜六色的玩具卡车，本杰明给玛丽回礼物。故选A。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：年幼的男孩用他自己的礼物回报了她——他的小手小心翼翼地捧着一堆泥土，放在她的门口。A.dropped放下；B.obtained获得；C.spotted认出；D.selected选择。根据上文“apileofdirtthathecarefullycarriedinhissmallhands”可知，本杰明捧着一堆泥土，放在玛丽的门口。故选A。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你不会想到一个99岁的老人和一个2岁的孩子会成为朋友，但他们可以成为朋友。A.notice注意到；B.hope希望；C.admit承认；D.guess猜想。根据下文“buttheycanbe”可知，我们都不会猜想到一个99岁的老人和一个2岁的孩子会成为朋友。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。JapaneseFishFlags—“Koinobori”PeopleinJapanhang“Koinobori”orJapanesefishflagseveryyeartocelebrateNationalChildren’sDay,____41____takesplaceonMay5.Theseflagsareusuallymadeby____42____（draw）thepatternofafishnamed“Koicarp”onpaperorcloth.InJapaneseculture,Koinoboriisthoughttobeasymbolofenergy,____43____（strong）andcouragebecauseofitsabilitytoswimupstream（逆流地）ratherthanjust“gowiththestream”.Familiesdecoratetheirlandscapes（风景）____44____fishflagsfromApriltoearlyMaytosymbolizethehope____45____theirchildrenwillgrowupintohealthyandstrongadults.TherearemanydifferentstoriesabouttheoriginofKoinoboriandChildren’sDay.AccordingtotheJapaneseAmericanNationalMuseum,Koicarp____46____（choose）asasymboltocelebrate“TangoNoSekku”orBoys’Dayinthepast.Theabilityofthisfishtoswimupstream,itshighenergyandpowerfulnesswere____47____（quality）generallydesiredbyfamiliesinboys.____48____（include）allkids,in1948,thisholidaywaswidenedandChildren’sDaywasborn.Anotherstorystatesthatthetraditionofhangingflagsstartedintheyear1282tocelebratethevictory____49____（win）bysoldiersinabattle.Whiletherearemanystories,nobody_____50_____（exact）knowswhenorwhyitstarted.【答案】41.which42.drawing43.strength44.with45.that 46.waschosen47.qualities48.Including49.won50.exactly【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了日本鱼旗帜——“Koinobori”的意义和关于Koinobori和儿童节的起源。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：日本人每年都会悬挂“Koinobori”或日本鱼旗来庆祝5月5日的国家儿童节。句中先行词为NationalChildren’sDay，指物，在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些旗子通常是在纸上或布上画一条名为“Koicarp”的鱼的图案。介词by后接动词-ing形式。故填drawing。【43题详解】考查名词。句意：在日本文化中，锦鲤被认为是能量、力量和勇气的象征，因为它能逆流而上，而不是“随波逐流”。空格后并列连词and后的名词可知，用名词作介词of的宾语。故填strength。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：从四月到五月初，家家户户都会用鱼旗装饰他们的风景，象征着他们的孩子能够健康强壮地长大成人。固定短语decoratesthwithsth用……装扮某物。故填with。【45题详解】考查同位语从句。句意：从四月到五月初，家家户户都会用鱼旗装饰他们的风景，象征着他们的孩子能够健康强壮地长大成人。空格后是解释hope的具体内容，所以为同位语从句。从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以用that引导。故填that。【46题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：据日裔美国人国家博物馆介绍，在过去，鲤鱼被选为庆祝“探戈NoSekku”或男孩节的象征。名词Koicarp与动词choose是被动关系且根据句中的时间状语inthepast，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填waschosen。【47题详解】考查名词的数。句意：这种鱼逆流而上的能力，它的高能量和力量是家庭普遍希望的品质的男孩。名词quality为可数名词，前无冠词，所以用复数形式。故填qualities。 【48题详解】考查介词。句意：1948年，这个节日的范围扩大到所有的孩子，于是就有了儿童节。名词kids前用介词形式。介词including表示“包括”之意。故填Including。【49题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：另一种说法是，悬挂国旗的传统始于1282年，用来庆祝士兵在战斗中取得的胜利。名词victory与win之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填won。【50题详解】考查副词。句意：虽然有很多故事，但没有人确切知道它是何时或为什么开始的。动词knows前用副词修饰。故填exactly。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出改加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1．每处错误及其修改均限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Thenewschooltermhasjustbeenstarted.Ineedsomethingsformyclasses.First,Ihavetobuysixtextbooks.TheyaresuchexpensivethatIwanttobuythemonlineifpossibly.Ialsoneedagooddictionarytohelpmeimprovedmywriting.Formymathorphysicsclasses,Ineedacounter.Onaddition,Ihavetobuyseveralnotebookstoorganizeourhomework.Finally,Iwillbuysomecolorpenstomarksomeimportantpointinmytextbooks.Ifmytextbooksareingoodconditionatanendoftheterm,Imightabletogivethemtonewstudents.【答案】1.删除been2.such→so3.possibly→possible4.improved→improve5.or→and6.On→In7.our→my 8.point→points9.an→the10.在able前加be【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了新学期刚刚开始，作者需要准备的一些上课用的东西。【详解】1.考查语态。句意：新学期刚刚开始。分析句子结构可知，主语Thenewschoolterm与谓语动词start之间是主动关系。所以这里应用现在完成时的主动语态。故将been删除。2.考查固定搭配。句意：它们太贵了，如果可能的话，我想在网上买。这里考查固定短语so…that结构，so后边接形容词或副词，such…that结构中，such后面加名词，这里的expensive是形容词“昂贵的”。故将such改为so。3.考查形容词。句意：它们太贵了，如果可能的话，我想在网上买。Ifitispossible表示“如果可能的话”，因为从句主语是it，谓语动词是系动词be，所以可以去掉itis，省略为ifpossible，possible是形容词作表语。故将possibly改为possible。4.考查非谓语动词。句意：我还需要一本好字典来帮助我提高写作水平。这里考查固定短语helpsbdosth，意为“帮助某人做某事”，这里应用动词原形作宾语补足语。故将improved改为improve。5.考查连词。句意：对于我的数学和物理课，我需要一个计数器。根据句意可知，“Formymathorphysicsclasses”这里表示并列关系，而不表示选择关系。故将or改为and。6.考查固定搭配。句意;此外，我还得买几本笔记本来规划家庭作业。Inaddition表示“另外”，修饰整个句子。故将On改为In。7.考查代词。句意：此外，我还得买几本笔记本来规划家庭作业。根据句意可知，这里主语是I，所以下文的人称代词应与上文一致，所以our“我们的”应改为my“我的”。故将our改为my。8.考查名词。句意：最后，我会买一些彩色笔来标记教科书中的一些重要内容。point前面有some修饰，而且point为可数名词。故将point改为points。9.考查固定搭配。句意：如果我的课本在学期末完好无损，我也许能把它们送给新生。这里考查固定搭配attheendof，意为“在……末尾”。故将an改为the。10.查固定搭配。句意：如果我的课本在学期末完好无损，我也许能把它们送给新生。这里考查固定搭配beabletodo，意为“能够做某事……”，根据上文的情态动词might，可知后面应接动词原形构成谓语。故在able前加be。第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.假定你是李华，为了让你校交换生更好地了解中国古代服装、文化和生活，校学生会决定成立一个“中国历史俱乐部”。请用英语写一篇短文简要介绍俱乐部的情况，要点如下： 1．俱乐部宗旨；2．主要活动（试穿古代服装、了解古代文化生活，参观历史古迹等）；3．期待加入。注意：1．词数100左右；2．标题已为你写好。TheChineseHistoryClub_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】TheChineseHistoryClubInordertohelpexchangestudentstobetterunderstandChinesehistory,theStudentUnionofourschoolhasdecidedtosetupa“ChineseHistoryClub”.Memberswillhaveaget-togetheronceaweek,eachtimewithadifferentactivityrelatedtoChinesehistory.Youcantryonancientclothes,learnaboutancientculturallife,visithistoricalsitesandsoon.Moreover,lecturesonrelatedtopicswillbegivenandinterestingcompetitionswillbeheld.AnyonewhoisinterestedcanlearnmoreabouttheprofoundChinesehistory.Hopefully,ourChinesehistoryclubwillsincerelylookforwardtoyourjoining.Welcometojoinus!【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生用英语写一篇短文，简要介绍校学生会成立的“中国历史俱乐部”的情况。【详解】1.词汇积累主题：theme→topic建立：establish→setup相关的：relevant→related参观：payavisitto→visit2句式拓展 简单句变复合句原句：InordertohelpexchangestudentstobetterunderstandChinesehistory,theStudentUnionofourschoolhasdecidedtosetupa“ChineseHistoryClub”.拓展句：InorderthatChinesehistorycanbeunderstoodbyexchangestudents,theStudentUnionofourschoolhasdecidedtosetupa“ChineseHistoryClub”.【点睛】[高分句型1]Memberswillhaveaget-togetheronceaweek,eachtimewithadifferentactivityrelatedtoChinesehistory.(运用了过去分词作定语)[高分句型2]AnyonewhoisinterestedcanlearnmoreabouttheprofoundChinesehistory.(运用了who引导的定语从句)