广东省肇庆市第一中学2022-2023学年高三英语上学期第一次教学质量检测（Word版附解析）

肇庆市2023届高中毕业班第一次教学质量检测英语本试题共10页，考试时间120分钟，满分120分注意事项1.答题前，考生先将自己的信息填写清楚、准确，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码粘贴处。2.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。3.答题时请按要求用笔，保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不得使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。考试结束后，请将本试题及答题卡交回。第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABestShortStoryCollectionsEveryoneShouldReadIfyouareonthelookoutforgreatstorytellingbutdon’twanttocommittoafull-lengthnovel,thenshortstorycollectionsaretheanswer.Herewehavegatheredfourofthebestshortstoriesandcollections,fromallsortsofbackgroundsandsources,tohelpyougrowyour“ToBeRead”pile.RunawaybyAliceMunroThisaward-winningcollectionfeatureseightstoriesbytheCanadianauthorAliceMunro.Withstraightforwardandaccessibleprose(散文)，Munrotellsstoriesofwomenandtheirrelationships——withstrongthemesoflove,friendship,andmotherhood,amongothers.Theideaofrunningawayisanotherthemefoundthroughoutthesestories.TheCompleteStoriesbyFlannelO’ConnorPublishedin1972,TheCompleteStoriesactuallywontheNationalBookAwardthatsameyear.Thiscollectionincludes31stories,twelveofwhichhadneverbeenincludedinanyofO’Connor’spreviouscollections.TheyaretoldfromtheperspectiveofcharactersfromtheAmericanSouth,astheydealwithsocialissueslikeracism,genderroles,andmore.TheRefugeesbyViedThanhNguyen FromThanhNguyencomesthisPulitzerPrizewinningcollectionofeightshortstoriesthatareallaboutVietnameserefugees(难民)whohavemovedtotheUS.However,insteadofdescribingthehardshipsoftheirtrips,Nguyenfocusesonthelivesthey’veestablishedintheirnewcountry.Eachstorydemonstratesauniqueimmigrantexperienceascharactersmovebetweencultures,countries,relationships,memories,andemotions.FlowersforAlger-nonbyDanielKeysThisclassicshortstoryisaboutthejournalsofCharlieGordon,acleanerwithanIQof68.Charlie’sluckchangeswhenheisselectedforanexperimentthatpurportstoturnhimintoagenius——buteverythingthatgoesupmustcomedownintheend.FlowersforAlger-nonwontheHugoAwardin1960foritsgroundbreakingpresentation.Heartbreakingandrichwithsubtlepoignancy,itislikelytoremainastapleforcenturiestocome.1.Whosecollectionshouldyouchooseifyouareinterestedinthetopiconracialdiscrimination?A.AliceMunro.B.FlanneryO’Connor.C.DanielKeys.D.ViedThanhNguyen.2.WhatdoweknowaboutTheRefugees?A.Itseightstoriessharethesamecharacters.B.Itfocusesonwomenandtheirrelationships.C.ItisabouttheVietnameseimmigrants’livesintheUS.D.ItmainlydescribesthehardshipsofVietnameserefugees’trips.3.Whatdotheseshortstoriesandcollectionshaveincommon?A.Theyconsistofeightstories.B.Theyhavewoncertainaward.C.Theyaretoldfromanimmigrant’sperspective.D.TheydemonstratethehardshipsofCanadianauthors.【答案】1.B2.C3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要向读者介绍了四部获奖的短篇小说集。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据TheCompleteStories一书介绍中的最后一句话“TheyaretoldfromtheperspectiveofcharactersfromtheAmericanSouth,astheydealwithsocialissueslikeracism,gender roles,andmore.(他们是从美国南方人物的角度讲述的，因为他们处理种族主义、性别角色等社会问题)”可知，如果你对种族歧视话题感兴趣，你应该选择《小说全集》。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。TheRefugees一书介绍中的第二句话“However,insteadofdescribingthehardshipsoftheirtrips,Nguyenfocusesonthelivesthey’veestablishedintheirnewcountry.(然而，阮并没有描述他们旅行的艰辛，而是将重点放在他们在新国家建立的生活上)”可知，作者并没有描述越南难民艰难的移民过程，而是专注于他们如何在新的国家立足。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。从文章第一本书的“Thisaward-winningcollectionfeatureseightstoriesbytheCanadianauthorAliceMunro.(这本获奖作品集以加拿大作家爱丽丝·蒙罗的八个故事为特色)”、第二本书的“Publishedin1972,TheCompleteStoriesactuallywontheNationalBookAwardthatsameyear.(1972年出版的《故事全集》实际上在同一年获得了国家图书奖)”、第三本书的“FromThanhNguyencomesthisPulitzerPrizewinningcollectionofeightshortstoriesthatareallaboutVietnameserefugees(难民)whohavemovedtotheUS.(这部获得普利策奖的短篇小说集由ThanhNguyen创作，共八部，都是关于移居美国的越南难民的)”以及第四本书的“FlowersforAlger-nonwontheHugoAwardin1960foritsgroundbreakingpresentation.(1960年，《阿尔杰农之花》以其开创性的表现获得雨果奖)”可知，四个故事集都获过奖。故选B。BThereareseveralitemsthatmostwomenwouldconsidertobedailyessentialsthattheyneedtohaveintheirpursesatalltimes.Fewwouldconsiderapairofscissorstobeamongtheseitems.ButforShiQinling,thistoolhasbeenwithhereverywhereshegoesforthepastdecade—notasameansofself-protectionbutartisticexpression.“Paper-cuttingisnotaboutcuttingrandompatternsfrompaper.Writerstellstoriesusingwords,Idothesame,butwithapairofscissors,”Shisaid.Shidevelopedaninterestinhandicraft(手工艺)whenshewasachildwhooftenfoundherselfaloneathome.Outofboredom,shewouldplaywithpaper,foldingandcuttingthemintodifferentshapes.Thisinterestlaterdevelopedintoapassion,onethatshedecidedtopursuebymajoringinartsanddesignduringhertimeinuniversity.Aftergraduation,however,shefoundherselfworkingatashipdesigncompanyasshewasunsureaboutwhatshewantedtodowithherfuture.Aboutayearlater,theShanghaiArtsandCraftsResearchInstituteofferedherapositionintheirpaper-cuttingdepartment.Realizingthatshestillhadaloveforthehandicraft,shemadethecareerswitch. In2010,Shistartedlearningpaper-cuttingfromXiXiaoqin,anexpertofpaper-cutting.Threeyearslater,oneofherworks,TheFightingFish,wonthethirdplaceinanationalcompetition.Sixyearslater,ShiwasnamedaShanghaipaper-cuttinginheritor(继承人)andbecamethecity’s“youngestinheritor”ofthepaper-cuttingheritage.Overthepastdecade,Shi’sworkshavebeenexhibitedin23exhibitions.AlthoughShiisalreadysoskilledthatshecancreateananimalpatternin10minutes,shecontinuestopracticeherskillseveryday.Thereasonisthatsheviewspaper-cuttingasnotjustanartform,butalsoaformoflearningabouttraditionalChineseculture.Shethinksshehastheresponsibilitytoinheritthisculturaltreasure,andwillmakemoreeffortstoattractpeoplefromdifferentagegroupsanddifferentfieldstotrypaper-cutting.4.Whatdoespaper-cuttingmeantoShiQinling?A.Adeeppassionforthehandicrafts.B.Atoolthatrelievesherofboredom.C.Cuttingrandompatternsfrompaper.DAnartformoflearningChineseculture.5.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.HowShiQinlinggotridoftheboredom.B.WhatShiQinlinghaddoneinuniversity.C.HowShiQinlingstartedpaper-cuttingcareer.D.WhyShiQinlingresignedfromherpreviousjob.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesShiQinlingA.Creativeandambitious.B.Selflessanddetermined.C.Talentedandhardworking.D.Determinedandresponsible.7.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Paper-cuttingInheritorShapesaSharpCareerB.Paper-cuttingMakesanOrdinaryArtistBetterC.AMeansofLearningAboutChineseCultureD.AnExcellentArtistSharesHerOwnCareerStory【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.A【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。本文介绍了剪纸艺术继承人石勤玲学习剪纸及把剪纸艺术发扬光大的过程，赞扬了她传承保护传统艺术的决心。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Thereasonisthatsheviewspaper-cuttingasnotjustanartform,butalsoaformoflearningabouttraditionalChineseculture.(原因是她认为剪纸不仅是一种艺术形式，也是学习中国传统文化的一种方式)”可知，剪纸对于石勤玲来说，不仅是一种艺术形式，同时是学习中国传统文化的一种形式，结合起来就是剪纸是学习中国文化的一种艺术形式，故选D项。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Shidevelopedaninterestinhandicraftwhenshewasachildwhooftenfoundherselfaloneathome.Outofboredom,shewouldplaywithpaper,foldingandcuttingthemintodifferentshapes.Thisinterestlaterdevelopedintoapassion,onethatshedecidedtopursuebymajoringinartsanddesignduringhertimeinuniversity.Aftergraduation,however,shefoundherselfworkingatashipdesigncompanyasshewasunsureaboutwhatshewantedtodowithherfuture.Aboutayearlater,theShanghaiArtsandCraftsResearchInstituteofferedherapositionintheirpaper-cuttingdepartment.Realizingthatshestillhadaloveforthehandicraft,shemadethecareerswitch.(当她还是个经常独自在家的孩子时，她就对手工艺产生了兴趣。出于无聊，她会玩纸，把它们折成不同的形状。这种兴趣后来发展成了一种激情，她决定在大学期间主修艺术与设计。然而，毕业后，她发现自己在一家船舶设计公司工作，因为她不确定自己的未来想做什么。大约一年后，上海工艺美术研究院给了她一个剪纸系的职位。意识到自己仍然热爱手工艺，她就改变了职业)”讲述了石勤玲从小就开始对剪纸感兴趣，上大学也是就读艺术设计专业，但毕业之后入职船舶设计公司，后因内心对剪纸深深的热爱，毅然辞职加入上海工艺美术研究所，几经波折，终于开启了剪纸创作事业，故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Realizingthatshestillhadaloveforthehandicraft,shemadethecareerswitch.(意识到自己仍然热爱手工艺，她就改变了职业)”可知，因为心中对剪纸的热爱，石勤玲毅然决定辞职改变职业方向，说明石勤玲是一个意志坚定的人，即determined；其次，根据最后一段的“Shethinksshehastheresponsibilitytoinheritthisculturaltreasure,andwillmakemoreeffortstoattractpeoplefromdifferentagegroupsanddifferentfieldstotrypaper-cutting.(她认为自己有责任继承这一文化瑰宝，并将努力吸引不同年龄段、不同领域的人来尝试剪纸)” 可知，石勤玲认为自己有责任保护和传承中国传统文化，表明她是一个有责任心的人，即responsible。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了剪纸传承人石勤玲的故事，包括她是如何爱上剪纸、怎样开始从事剪纸事业、在剪纸方面取得的成绩以及剪纸对她的意义。A选项包含了关键词：paper-cuttinginheritor和career，作为本文标题最为恰当，故选A。CIntimesofepidemic,withvisitorsrestricted,manyresidentsinnursinghomeshavefeltlonelyandseparatedfromtheworld,soanimalshavebecomeanespeciallyimportantwaytolifttheirspirits.AtSeniorLivingSobrietyinScotland,seniorsrecentlygottheirveryownpuppy(幼犬).Gracieisatinygoldenretriever(金毛寻回犬)wholiveswithPamLittle,thesocialservicemanagerforSeniorLivingSociety.Everyday,GraciegoestoworkwithPam,andherofficialjobistobesweetandadorabletoeveryoneshemeets.Needlesstosay,sheisskilledatherdayjob!Shehasquicklybecomeabelovedmemberofthefamilyfortheseniorswholivethere.“We’veseenalotofchangessinceshecame,”Pamsaid.“We’veseenalotofsmilesandhugs.It’sgivingthemalottotalkaboutapartfromwhatthey’veseenintheirdailylife.”Gracienowvisitswithabout30oldpeopleeachday.PamstayswithGraciethewholetimetomakesureeverythinggoessmoothly.Thepreciouspuphasbeenbridgingthegapformanyoftheseresidentswhohavebeenmissingtheirfriendsandfamilyduringtheepidemic.ExpertssaypetslikeGracieprovidemanyhealthbenefitsforseniors,includingincreasedmentalandphysicalactivity.Havingadedicatedin-housedogenablesnursinghomeresidentstogetallthegoodnessthatcomeswithhavingapet—withnoneofthestressorresponsibilities.Puppyhugsarenodoubtawaytoputasmileonanyone’sface!TheseluckyresidentsgettowatchGraciegrowupandbeabigpartofherlife.Morenursinghomesareconsideringfollowingsuitonthistrend.8.Whydoresidentsinnursinghomeswantanimalstoraisetheirspirits?A.Theydon’twanttoseevisitors.B.Theywantedtoraisetheirownpuppy.C.Theyarecutofffromtheoutsideworld.D.Theysufferfromserioushealthproblems. 9.WhatcanwelearnaboutGracie?A.Shealwayssmiles.B.Shehasmanyskills.C.Shehaschangedalot.D.Shecanbenicetoeveryone.10.WhatbenefitdoesGraciebringtotheseniors?A.Increasedsafety.B.Chancestoexercise.C.Closerfamilyties.D.Asenseofresponsibility.11.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthefuturefromthetext?ATherewillbelesspetdogs.B.Therewillbemorenursinghomes.C.Puppieswillbecomemoreintelligent.DPuppieswillbeintroducedintoothernursinghomes.【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文讲述了养老院请来小狗陪伴孤独的老人，受到极大的欢迎，越来越多的养老院打算学习这个做法。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句话“Intimesofepidemic,withvisitorsrestricted,manyresidentsinnursinghomeshavefeltlonelyandseparatedfromtheworld,soanimalshavebecomeanespeciallyimportantwaytolifttheirspirits.(在疫情期间，由于来访者受到限制，许多养老院的居民感到孤独和与世隔绝，因此动物成了提升精神的一种特别重要的方式)”可知，因为在疫情期间来访者受到限制，许多养老院的居民感到孤独和与世隔绝，所以他们通过养动物的方式来提升他们的精神。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句话“Everyday,GraciegoestoworkwithPam,andherofficialjobistobesweetandadorabletoeveryoneshemeets.(每天，格雷西都要和帕姆一起工作，她的正式工作是对她遇到的每一个人都温柔可爱)”可知，格雷西对每个人都很多好。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句话“ExpertssaypetslikeGracieprovidemanyhealthbenefitsforseniors,includingincreasedmentalandphysicalactivity.(专家表示，像格雷西这样的宠物为老 年人提供了许多健康益处，包括增加精神和身体活动)”可推知，格雷西让老人有了更多的锻炼机会。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Puppyhugsarenodoubtawaytoputasmileonanyone’sface!TheseluckyresidentsgettowatchGraciegrowupandbeabigpartofherlife.Morenursinghomesareconsideringfollowingsuitonthistrend.(小狗的拥抱无疑是一种让任何人脸上露出笑容的方式！这些幸运的居民能够看着格雷西长大，成为她生活的重要组成部分。更多的养老院正在考虑效仿这一趋势)”可知，像格雷西这样的宠物为养老院的老人们带去了很多的好处。由此推知，在未来，越来越多的养老院考虑学习这种做法，让更多的小狗进入养老院去陪伴老人。故选D。DFinalexamsarearoundthecomer—butthatwon’tstopsometeenagersputtingintheleasteffort.Thismaybebecausetheirbrainsaren’tdevelopedenoughtoproperlyassesshowhighthestakes(利害关系)are,andadapttheirbehaviouraccordingly.CatherineInsel,atHarvardUniversity,andherteamaskedadolescentsbetweentheagesof13and20toplayagamewhilemonitoringtheirbrains.Insomeroundsofthegame,participantscouldearn20centsforacorrectresponse,whileanincorrectonewouldcostthem10cents.Butinroundswithhigherstakes,correctresponseswereworthadollar,andwronganswerslosttheparticipants50cents.Theteamfoundthatwhiletheoldervolunteersperformedbetterinthehighstakesrounds,theyoungeronesdidn’t—theirperformancedidn’tchangeinlinewithwhetherthestakeswereloworhigh.Andtheolderthevolunteerswere,themoreimprovedtheirperformancewas.Whentheteamlookedatthebrainactivityofthevolunteers,theyfoundthattheirabilitytoimprovetheirperformancewaslinkedtohowdevelopedtheirbrainswere.Aregioninthebrain,whichcontinuestodevelopuntilweareatleast25yearsold,seemedtobeparticularlyimportant.Thefindingsexplainwhysometeenagersaresounconcernedwhenitcomestohazardousbehaviors,suchasdrivingtoofast,forinstance,especiallywhenoneoftheirfriendsisnearby.Inselthinksschoolsshouldreconsiderthewaytheytestperformanceinteenagers.“Thisstudysuggestsit’snotagoodideatoevaluateschoolperformanceinasinglefinalexam”,shesays.Abetterideawouldbetouseavarietyofsmallertests,conductedthroughouttheyear. It’snotallbadnewsforteens,though.Teenagersputthesameamountofeffortintotasksthataren’t“important”,andstarttopreferhobbiestoschool.Itcouldbeagoodthing,allowingteenagerstolearncomplexsocialskills,forexample.12.Whydidtheresearcherssetdifferentbetsinthegame?A.Toteachhowtomakemoney.B.Tobettermonitorparticipants’brains.C.Toshowthevariedrisklevelsofthegame.D.Tomeettheneedsofdifferentparticipants.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hazardous”probablymean?A.Dangerous.B.Abusive.C.Specific.D.Addictive.14.Whatshouldbekeptinmindwhileassessingstudents’performance?A.Itshouldnotbejudgedbyonlyoneexam.B.Theitemsinexamsshouldnotbetoodifficult.C.Exam-focusededucationshouldnotbeadopted.D.Examinationisnotagoodmeansofevaluatingstudents.15.WhatisInsel’sattitudetoteenagers’puttingeffortinto“unimportant”tasks?A.Unclear.B.Favorable.C.Doubtful.D.Negative.【答案】12.C13.A14.A15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以一项实验研究的结果说明了青少年大脑判断事情重要程度的能力随着年龄增大而增加，这解释了为什么马上要考试了，有些青少年却仍不努力学习。作者认为应该用多次考试来更加准确地评价青少年的学业表现。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第一句话“Theteamfoundthatwhiletheoldervolunteersperformedbetterinthehighstakesrounds,theyoungeronesdidn’t—theirperformancedidn’tchangeinlinewithwhetherthestakeswereloworhigh.(研究小组发现，虽然年龄较大志愿者在高风险回合中表现更好，但年龄较小的志愿者没有——他们的表现并没有随着风险的高低而改变)”可知，研究的结果发现“年纪稍大的参与者在利害关系更高的回合中表现得更好”。由此可推知，研究人员设置不同赌注的目的是为了使游戏的冒险程度不同。故选C。 【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后面的举例“suchasdrivingtoofast(比如开得太快)”可知，一些青少年对危险行为如此漠不关心。由此可知，划线单词的意思为“危险的”。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句话““Thisstudysuggestsit’snotagoodideatoevaluateschoolperformanceinasinglefinalexam”,shesays.(“这项研究表明，在一次期末考试中评估学校成绩不是一个好主意”，她说)”可知，不能只通过一次考试来判断学校的成绩。故选A。【15题详解】观点态度题。根据最后一段“It’snotallbadnewsforteens,though.Teenagersputthesameamountofeffortintotasksthataren’t“important”,andstarttopreferhobbiestoschool.Itcouldbeagoodthing,allowingteenagerstolearncomplexsocialskills,forexample.(不过，这对青少年来说并不都是坏消息。青少年将同样的精力投入到不“重要”的任务中，并开始喜欢业余爱好而不是上学。这可能是一件好事，比如让青少年学习复杂的社交技能)”可知，作者认为青少年花时间做一些不重要的事情可能也是一件好事，让他们可以学到复杂的社交技巧。由此推知，作者的态度是“赞同的”。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoIncreaseYourLevelsofOptimismThewayinwhichyouachieveyourgoals,facechallenges,andovercomefailuresdependslargelyonyourlevelsofoptimism.Noteveryoneseeslifeinthesameway.____16____Changeyournegativethoughts.Yourmindtakesinnegativememoriesandmakesthembiggerandmoresignificantthantheyreallyare.____17____Thenextstepistoreducethembycomparingthemtorelatedorsimilarmemoriesthataremorepleasant.Inthisway,yougraduallychangethemandselectnewthoughts.Thisrequiresalearningprocessthat’lltakesometimetopractice.However,withpatience,you’llachievethedesiredresults.Expressgratitude.Whenyoufaceachallenge,it’sadvisabletofigureoutwhat’sgoingwell.Bytakingthetimetodothis,youallowyourselftoregisterthepositiveaspectsthatyouexperience.Tohelpyourhorainstorethesepositiveevents,youshouldtaketimeeachweektoanalyzewhatyoushouldbegratefulfor.____18____ Repeatpositiveaffirmations(肯定).Onekeyelementforincreasingyourlevelsofoptimismthatyougetwithprevioustwostepsispositiveaffirmations.Infact,thesemessagesthatyourepeattoyourselfmostregularlyaretheonesthatyoubelieveinandthatdetermineyourvisionoflife.____19____Youcanstartwithoneortwoaffirmationsthatrepresentthevaluesyouwanttolivebyandthegoalsyouwanttoachieve.Forexample,tellyourself“EverydayI’mimproving”or“I’mlivingmybestmoment.”____20____Furthermore,it’llmakeyoustrongerinthefaceofthemandyou’llmaintainyouroptimism.A.Peopletendtoholdtotallydifferentattitudestowardslife.B.However,youcanalwaystrainyourmindtogenerateormaintainoptimism.C.Theymustberepeatedwithstrongbeliefandbeaconstantinyourdailylife.D.Firstyoushouldfigureoutwhatmattersinyourlifeandfocusonpositivemessages.E.Therefore,everytimeyouhavenegativethoughts,analyzeandviewthemmoreobjectively.F.Thenextstepistoletyourlovedonesknowthatyoulovethemandthatyou’regratefultothem.G.Therepetitionofphrasessimilartothesewillallowyourmindtointerpretnegativeeventsdifferently.【答案】16.B17.E18.F19.C20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕如何提高乐观水平给出了几条建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Thewayinwhichyouachieveyourgoals,facechallenges,andovercomefailuresdependslargelyonyourlevelsofoptimism.Noteveryoneseeslifeinthesameway.(你实现目标、面对挑战和克服失败的方式很大程度上取决于你的乐观程度。不是每个人都以同样的方式看待生活)”以及后文提到的提高乐观水平的方法可知，空处承上启下，表明虽然不是每个人都能以同样乐观的态度面对生活，但是可以通过训练来提高人们的乐观程度。B项“然而你可以训练自己的思维来产生或保持乐观的心态。”符合语境，能够承上启下。故选B。【17题详解】根据上文“Changeyournegativethoughts.(改变你的消极想法)”以及“Yourmindtakesinnegativememoriesandmakesthembiggerandmoresignificantthantheyreallyare.(你的大脑会吸收负面记忆，并使它们变得更大、更重要)”可知，空处为前文的结果，表明你的大脑会吸收负面记忆，所以我们都要客观地分析它们。E 项“因此，每次你有负面想法时，都要更客观地分析和看待它们。”符合语境。E项中的“negativethoughts”进而前文“negativememories”相呼应。故选E。【18题详解】根据上文“Tohelpyourbrainstorethesepositiveevents,youshouldtaketimeeachweektoanalyzewhatyoushouldbegratefulfor.(为了帮助你的大脑储存这些积极的事件，你应该每周花时间分析你应该感激什么)”可知，空处进一步说明我们如何记录我们所经历的积极方面，一个是每周花时间分析你应该感激什么，下一步就是让这些人知道你感激他们。F项“下一步是让你的爱人知道你爱他们，你感激他们。”符合语境。F项中的“youlovethemandthatyou’regratefultothem”是对这段主旨句“Expressgratitude（表示感谢）”的进一步阐述。故选F。【19题详解】根据上文“Infact,thesemessagesthatyourepeattoyourselfmostregularlyaretheonesthatyoubelieveinandthatdetermineyourvisionoflife.(事实上，这些你最经常重复给自己的信息是你所相信的，决定了你对生活的看法)”可知，空处表明因为我们经常重复给自己的信息是我们所相信的，所以我们就要不断的去重复它们。C项“它们必须以坚定的信念重复，并在日常生活中保持不变。”符合语境。C项中的They指代前文的“thesemessages”。故选C。【20题详解】根据上文“Forexample,tellyourself“EverydayI’mimproving”or“I’mlivingmybestmoment.”(例如，告诉自己“每一天我都在进步”或“我过着我最好的时刻”)”可知，空处表明我们每天告诉自己“每一天我都在进步”或者“我过着我最好的时刻”将会带来的结果，那就是不断的重复一些积极的信念会让你的大脑对负面事件做出不同的解释。G项“重复类似的短语会让你的大脑对负面事件做出不同的解释。”符合语境。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ItbeganinNovember2016,whenHinton,then17,gotatextmessagefroman____21____numberinvitinghimtoThanksgiving.Whenheaskedwhoitwas,thepersonresponded:“Yourgrandma.”“Grandma?CanIhaveyour____22____?”theteenagerreplied.Hereceivedaphotoofawomanhehadneverseenbefore.ItwasDench,now64. Hintonwroteback,“You’renotmygrandma,”____23____alaughingface.Stillplayingalong,hejokinglyasked:“CanIstillgeta____24____though?”Denchreplied:“Ofcourseyoucan.That’swhatgrandmasdo.Feedeveryone.”Hintonsoonrealizedher____25____invitationhadturned____26____,andhedecidedtotakeDenchuponher____27____.HewenttoherhomeinMesa,Ariz.,abouta25-minutedrivefromhishousesouthofPhoenix,foraThanksgivingmealwithherfamily,includingheractualgrandson,whomshe____28____intendedtotextinsteadofHinton.Everyyearsincethen,thetwofriendsandtheirfamilieshavegatheredtogetherforanannualThanksgivingmeal,andthisyearwillbeno____29____,despitethevirus.Hinton,whosharesregular____30____onsocialmediaabouthisInternet-famousfriendshipwithDench,____31____thattheThanksgivingtraditionwill____32____thisyear,aswell.AlthoughDenchwas____33____aboutthemisdirectedtextin2016atfirst,shesaid,bothsheandHintonfeelvery____34____thatithappened.“Familyismorethan____35____,”Denchsaid.“It’sthepeopleyouwanttobewith.”21.A.unusualB.unknownC.unluckyD.official22.A.pictureB.nameC.addressD.number23.A.drawingB.demandingC.misusingD.adding24.A.plateB.messageC.smileD.hand25.A.regularB.generousC.annualD.mistaken26.A.interestingB.formalC.genuineD.natural27.A.promiseB.traditionC.offerD.help28.A.evidentlyB.plainlyC.seeminglyD.initially29.A.answerB.exceptionC.surpriseD.time30.A.updatesB.jobsC.storiesD.dialogues31.A.explainedB.realizedC.confirmedD.learned32.A.liveonB.comebackC.standoutD.catchon33.A.anxiousB.embarrassedC.disappointedD.curious34.A.proudB.thankfulC.movedD.convinced35.A.companyB.careC.supportD.blood【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.A25.D26.C27.C28.D29.B 30.A31.C32.A33.B34.B35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位老奶奶把本该发给自己孙子的信息错发给了一个名叫Hinton的少年，因这美丽的错误，Hinton与老奶家人结下了深刻的友谊。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这件事始于2016年11月，当时17岁的辛顿收到了一条未知号码的短信，邀请他参加感谢活动。A.unusual不寻常的；B.unknown未知；C.unlucky倒霉的；D.official公务的。根据下文“Hereceivedaphotoofawomanhehadneverseenbefore.”可知，Hinton收到一个陌生电话的短信。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：奶奶？能给我你的照片吗？A.picture图片；B.name名称；C.address地址；D.number数字。根据下文“Hereceivedaphotoofawomanhehadneverseenbefore.”可知，Hinton希望收到对方的照片来确认对方的身份。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：辛顿回信说，“你不是我的奶奶”，并配上一张笑脸。A.drawing画画；B.demanding要求；C.misusing误用；D.adding添加。根据下文“Stillplayingalong,hejokinglyasked”可知，为了避免尴尬，Hinton的回信中加了一个笑脸的表情。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他仍然在玩，开玩笑地问：“我能去吃饭吗？”A.plate盘子；B.message消息；C.smile微笑；D.hand手。根据下文“That’swhatgrandmasdo.Feedeveryone.”可知，Hinton问能不能去吃饭。此处getaplate意为“去吃饭”。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：辛顿很快意识到她的错误邀请变成了真挚的邀请，他决定接受丹奇的邀请。A.regular常规的；B.generous慷慨的；C.annual一年一度的；D.mistaken错的。根据上文“Stillplayingalong,hejokinglyasked:“CanIstillgeta____4____though?””可知，Dench本来发错信息，后来她将错就错了。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：辛顿很快意识到她的错误邀请变成了真挚的邀请，他决定接受丹奇的邀请。A.interesting有趣的；B.formal正式的；C.genuine真正的；D.natural自然的。根据下文“andhedecidedtotakeDenchuponher____7____”可知，Hinton感到Dench 将错就错真的邀请他去吃饭。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：辛顿很快意识到她的错误邀请变成了真挚的邀请，他决定接受丹奇的邀请。A.promise承诺；B.tradition传统；C.offer主动提议；D.help帮助。根据“HewenttoherhomeinMesa”可知，Hinton感到Dench的邀约很诚恳，所以欣然接受她提出的邀约。故选C。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他去了她在亚利桑那州梅萨的家，距离菲尼克斯以南的家大约25分钟车程，与她的家人一起吃了一顿感谢餐，包括她的实际孙子，她最初打算发短信给他，而不是Hinton。A.evidently显然是；B.plainly显然是；C.seemingly看起来是；D.initially开始。根据上文“includingheractualgrandson”可知，感恩节晚宴中，Dench本来一开始想要邀请的她真正的孙子也来了。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，每年，这两位朋友和他们的家人都会聚在一起吃一年一度的感恩节大餐，今年也不例外，尽管有病毒。A.answer答案；B.exception例外；C.surprise惊喜；D.time时间。根据上文“Everyyearsincethen,thetwofriendsandtheirfamilieshavegatheredtogetherforanannualThanksgivingmeal”可知，自从那一次将错就错的赴宴后，Hinton和Dench的关系很好，每年Hinton都会赴约，故今年也不例外。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：辛顿经常在社交媒体上分享他与丹奇的友谊的最新消息，他证实，感恩节的传统也将延续到今年。A.updates更新；B.jobs作业；C.stories故事；D.dialogues对话。根据空后“onsocialmediaabouthisInternet-famousfriendshipwithDench”可知，Hinton在社交平台定期分享更新他和Dench的友情。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：辛顿经常在社交媒体上分享他与丹奇的友谊的最新消息，他证实，感恩节的传统也将延续到今年。A.explained解释；B.realized实现；C.confirmed确认；D.learned了解到。根据上文“andthisyearwillbeno____9____,despitethevirus.”可知，疫情背景下，感恩大餐不一定正常举行，但Hinton在社交平台确认如期举行。故选C。【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：辛顿经常在社交媒体上分享他与丹奇的友谊的最新消息，他证实，感恩节的传统也将延续到今年。A.liveon继续；B.comeback返回；C.standout突出；D.catchon抓住，抓住。疫情背景下，感恩大餐不一定正常举行，但Hinton在社交平台确认如期举行。故选A。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管丹奇起初对2016年误发的短信感到尴尬，但她和辛顿都对这件事感到非常感激。A.anxious焦虑；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.disappointed失望的；D.curious好奇的。根据空后“aboutthemisdirectedtextin2016atfirst”可知，Dench一开始发错信息给陌生人时会感到有点尴尬。故选B。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管丹奇起初对2016年误发的短信感到尴尬，但她和辛顿都对这件事感到非常感激。A.proud骄傲的；B.thankful感谢的；C.moved移动的；D.convinced确信。根据上文语境可知，这次误打误撞的经历让他们成为好朋友，他俩对此心怀感恩。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：丹奇说：“家庭不仅仅是血脉。”A.company公司；B.care护理；C.support支持；D.blood血。根据下文“It’sthepeopleyouwanttobewith.”可知，他俩虽然没有血缘关系，但胜似亲人。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Whyisswimming____36____(benefit)toyou?Oneofthekey____37____(reason)isthatit’satotal-bodyworkoutandbuildsyourmuscleallover.Eachstroke(划水动作)worksoutadifferentsetofmuscles,____38____nomatterwhichstrokeyou’reusing,theactofpullingyourbodythroughthewateralmost____39____(use)allyourmusclegroups.Swimmingisalsoaworkoutforyourheartsystem,____40____(raise)yourheartratewithoutplacingextrastressonyourbody.Whilerunningcanhaveanegativeeffectonyourbonesandjoints,swimmingis____41____(complete)safe,whichgivesyoutheopportunitytoworkout____42____stressingyourjoints.It’struethatthelow-impactnatureofswimmingmakesitmuchlesslikely____43____(cause)injuries.AccordingtoastudyconductedbyNewYorkUniversity,swimmingcancutmen’sriskofdyingbyalmost50%,aratewhichissignificantly____44____(high)thanrunningorwalking.Thestudywasundertakenoveraperiodof32years,and____45____itwasonlyconductedonmen,there’snoreal reasonwhytheeffectsshouldbeanydifferentforwomen.【答案】36.beneficial37.reasons38.but39.uses40.raising41.completely42.without43.tocause44.higher45.though##although【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了游泳的益处。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：为什么游泳对你有好处？分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作表语，提示词benefit是动词，其形容词为beneficial。故填beneficial。【37题详解】考查名词复数。句意：其中一个关键原因是，这是一项全身锻炼，可以锻炼全身肌肉。此空考查名词的复数，oneof＋可数名词复数表示“……之一”，为固定搭配。故填reasons。【38题详解】考查连词。句意：每一次划水都会锻炼出一组不同的肌肉，但无论你使用哪种划水方式，将身体拉过水面的动作几乎会消耗你所有的肌肉群。分析句子可知，此空前后两句话为转折关系。故填but。【39题详解】考查时态。句意：每一次划水都会锻炼出一组不同的肌肉，但无论你使用哪种划水方式，将身体拉过水面的动作几乎会消耗你所有的肌肉群。此空考查谓语动词，主语为theactofpullingyourbodythroughthewater，是第三人称单数，与谓语use为主动关系，再结合上下文，应该用一般现在时。故填uses。【40题详解】考查非谓语。句意：游泳也是一种锻炼心脏系统的运动，在不给身体带来额外压力的情况下提高心率。分析句子可知，此空考查非谓语，主语swimming与raise之间为主动关系，再根据句意可知，此空应填现在分词作状语。故填raising。 【41题详解】考查副词。句意：跑步会对你的骨骼和关节产生负面影响，但游泳是完全安全的，这让你有机会在不给关节带来压力的情况下锻炼。分析句子可知，此空应填副词修饰后面形容词safe。故填completely。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：跑步会对你的骨骼和关节产生负面影响，但游泳是完全安全的，这让你有机会在不给关节带来压力的情况下锻炼。根据句意，此空应填介词without，表示否定的含义。故填without。【43题详解】考查非谓语。句意：的确，游泳的低冲击性使其不太可能导致受伤。likelytodosth.“可能做某事”，固定搭配。故填tocause。【44题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：根据纽约大学的一项研究，游泳可以将男性的死亡风险降低近50%，这一比例明显高于跑步或步行。根据空格后的than可知，空格处应填所给词的比较级。故填higher。【45题详解】考查连词。句意：这项研究历时32年，虽然只对男性进行了研究，但并没有真正的理由说明对女性的影响会有什么不同。根据句意，此空考查让步状语从句，连接词应该用though或although，表“虽然”。故填though/although。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.上周日，你校高三年级举办了户外拓展训练(OutwardBound)活动。请你为你校英文版校刊写一篇短文，报道本次活动。内容包括∶1.活动背景2.活动内容3.参加对象及其反响。注意1.写作词数应为80左右2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。AnOutwardBoundforSeniorThree ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:AnOutwardBoundforSeniorThreeInordertorelievestressforstudentsofseniorthree,anOutwardBoundwasheld.Allteachersandstudentsattendedthisactivity.Theygatheredoutsidetheschoolgateat8a.m.,thisSunday.Theyweresupposedtoreachthetopofthemountainbehindourschoolby11o’clockonfoot.Thewholecoursewasextremelyexcitingandchallenging.Theactivitywashighlythoughtof.Allparticipantsremarkedthattheybenefitedalotmentallyandphysically.Notonlydiditeasetheirpressure,butalsoenrichedtheirschoollifeatthesametime.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇短文，报道高三年级举办的户外拓展训或动。详解】1.词汇积累为了：inorderto→soasto参加：attend→takepartin应该做某事：besupposedtodosth.→oughttodosth.令人兴奋的：exciting→thrilling2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Thewholecoursewasextremelyexcitingandchallenging.拓展句：Thewholecoursewasextremelyexcitingandchallenging,whichwillgiveyouadeepimpression.【点睛】【高分句型1】Allparticipantsremarkedthattheybenefitedalotmentallyandphysically.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）【高分句型2】Notonlydiditeasetheirpressure,butalsoenrichedtheirschoollifeatthesametime.（notonly位于句首，后面连接的句子用部分倒装句） 第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。TheDogWhoSavedOurFamilyWemetMaxatthepickupareaofAlaskaAirlinesfiveyearsago.Hewasastandardpoodle(狮子狗)bornonValentine’sDayin2017，andcametousinasmallbluebox.Wehadadoptedhimfromanout-of-stateraiserwhopostedthenewsonthesocialnetwork.Ouronlyrequestwasthathehaveacalmbehavior,abletobearthepushingandhuggingofoureight-year-olddaughterandsix-year-oldson.Wewereasweetlittlefamily:me,myhusband,andourchildren,SophieandJake.ButforyearsI’dfeltasifwewouldn’treallybecompleteuntilwehadadog.Also,myhusbandworkedinabusinesscompanyandhadtotravelsome200daysayearforhisjob,andIknewI’dfeelsaferwithalargeanimalsleepingbythedoor.Whenweopenedthebox,thelastpieceofourpuzzlefellintoplace.Withhisblackhairandintelligenteyes,Maxwasbeautiful.Hewassosmallthathefitintothepalmofmyhand,hisbigpawslappingoverthesides.Hewasalsoalittlebitscared.AsIpulledhimclose,Ifelthisheartpoundandwonderedifwe’ddonetherightthing,takinghimfromhismother.Butitwastoolate.SophieandJakewerealreadyfightingoverwhowouldholdhimnextandwhoshouldhavetherighttotakeabathforhim.Overthefollowingmonths,wespentendlesshourswatchingMaxplaywithhisKongtoyorrollaroundthelivingroomfloor.Likemostpoodles,hewassmart.Hemasteredhouse-trainingquicklyandneverchewedonourfurnitureorshoes.Heconsideredhimselfoneofus.注意1.续写词数应为150左右2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。OnenightweweresleepinginthebedroomwhenIheardsomestrangenoise.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Atthattime,Maxrantowardsme.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:OnenightweweresleepinginthebedroomwhenIheardsomestrangenoise.IthoughtitwasMaxrunningandhittingsomething,soIkeptlyinginthebedandmadeanattempttofallasleepagain.However,thenoisebecamelouderandlouder,whichhadalreadyannoyedme.SwiftlyIgotupfrommybed.IopenedthedoorandfoundMaxwasrunningaroundthelivingroom,tryingtoletallthethingsfalldown.Theseabnormalbehaviorsreallyconfusedmewhileitalsomademealittleafraid.Atthattime,Maxrantowardsme.Hefirmlygrabbedmytrousersandmotionedmetothekitchen.AsIapproachedthekitchen,Icouldobviouslysmellastrongburningscentandinstantlyknewwhathadhappened.WhenIsawthefiercefireinthekitchen,Idashedintomychildren’sroomlikeanarrow,wakingthemupatmymaximumvoice.Rushingoutofthehousetogether,Icalled911andaskedourneighborsforhelpatthesametime.Fortunatelybothmyfamilyandmyhouseweresaved.ThankstooursmartMax,wedidescapefromdeath.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者收养了一只狮子狗，取名为Max，这只狗给作者一家带来了欢乐，并最终救了他们一家人。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“一天晚上，我们正在卧室睡觉时，我听到一些奇怪的声音。”可知，本段可描写Max努力制造动静，吸引作者注意，作者听到声音去查看。②由第二段首句内容“这时，马克斯向我跑过来。”可知，本段可描写Max把我拉到厨房，我发现厨房着火了，我及时在Max的提醒下，拯救我们一家人和房子，我对Max由衷的感谢。2.续写线索：想养狗——收养Max——调教Max——Max成为家中的一员——听到Max制造的动静——去查看——Max让我发现火灾——救了一家人。3.词汇激活行为类 ①试图：makeanattempt/makeaneffort/takeacrackat②急奔：dash/rush③接近：approach/movetoward④知道；know/beawareof/realize情绪类①生气：annoyed/irritated/infuriated②害怕：afraid/frightened/scared【点睛】[高分句型1]However,thenoisebecamelouderandlouder,whichhadalreadyannoyedme.(which引导的非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]AsIapproachedthekitchen,Icouldobviouslysmellastrongburningscentandinstantlyknewwhathadhappened.(As引导的时间状语从句)