2022年上海市同济一附中高三上学期期中考试（英语含答案）

上海市同济大学第一附属中学2022届高三第一学期期中考试英语试卷(本试卷满分150分,考试时间150分钟)第一卷I.ListeningComprehension(30’)OmittedII.GrammarandVocabulary(40’)SectionADirections:BeneatheachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.17.Someplantsaresensitive______pollution,sotheenvironmentalprotectionistheurgentissue.A.toB.atC.ofD.on18.Althoughthetwoemployeesperformedwellinthework,thecompanypromoted______astheywerebothunqualifiedfortheseniorpost.A.neitherB.noneC.nooneD.either19.______arewillingtohaveathoroughrelaxationatweekend;therearestillsomepeoplewhowouldliketogocamping.A.NoneofusB.AllofusC.EachofusD.Notallofus20.Thenumberofthepeoplepresentatthepartywas______thanhadexpected,sotherewasagreatdealoffoodleft.A.manymoreB.muchmoreC.muchlargerD.muchsmaller21.______shouldnolongerbetheiracademicperformances,buttheirpracticalability.A.WhatdostudentsaimatB.WhichdostudentsaimatC.WhatstudentsaimatD.Whichstudentsaimat22.—Ihearthatyouwillbeontravelagain.—Yeah.Mybossarranged_______businessdetailswithsomeonefromanothercompany.A.metodiscussB.formetodiscussC.discussingD.mydiscussing23.Bigamy(重婚)isasituationwhereaperson_______twopersonsatthesametime.A.marriestoB.ismarriedwithC.marriedD.ismarriedto24._______tomakeadecisionwhilethemanagerisaway?A.WhomisituptoB.WhomisitupC.WhoisitupD.Whoitisupto25.______betterin2022WorldExpoisthedutyofeverycitizeninShanghai.A.BeingservedB.ServingC.ServeD.Havingserved26.Adigitalringislockedoneverynewly-bornbaby’sfoot______theyaretakenbystrangersoutofthehospital.A.becauseB.whenC.sothatD.incase27.Toherdisappointment,shefoundherselfsurroundedbyexactlythesortoftemptation______shewasleastabletoresist.A.whomB.whenC.whichD.where28.“Youareveryselfish.It’shightimethatyou______thatyouarenotthemostimportant-11-/11\npersonintheworld,”Edgarsaidtohisbossangrily.A.realizedB.haverealizedC.realizeD.wouldrealize29.Thereareavarietyofcolorsandstyleshere,andyoucanchoosethose_______toyou.A.appealingB.appealedC.tobeappealedD.appeal30.Theresidentshavebeentoldthatonlywhenthedamagedbuildingarerepaired______permittedtoreturntotheirhomes.A.theywillbeB.havetheybeenC.theyhavebeenD.willtheybe31.Theownersaidthat______alotofpeoplewerecomingintothestoretobrowse,theywerenotbuyinganything.A.whileB.whatC.whereD.that32.Ifeltsomewhatdisappointedandwasabouttoleave_______somethingunexpectedhappened,whichcapturedmyattention.   A.unless       B.until        C.when            D.while33.Thehouserentisexpensive.I’vegotabouthalfthespaceIhadathomeandI’mpaying______here.A.asthreetimesmuchB.muchasthreetimesC.threetimesasmuchD.threetimesmoreas34.Mr.Blackdoesn’tunderstand_______madehiswifesoupsetthismorning.A.whatwasitB.whyitwasthatC.howthatwasD.whatitwasthat35.Venus(金星)hasadenseatmosphere,______weknowverylittle.A.itscompositionB.aboutwhosecompositionC.aboutwhichcompositionD.whosecomposition36.Moststudentsinourclassprefertakingpainsinourstudiesto______withabettereducation.A.beequippedB.equipC.equippingD.beingequipped37.Inrecentyearstravelcompanieshavesucceededinsellingustheidea______thefurtherwego,thebetterourholidaywillbe.A.ofwhichB.thatC.whichD.where38.Itwasmorethantwoyears______themanwhosebrainhadbeenseriouslyinjuredrecoveredsomeconsciousness.A.sinceB.beforeC.thatD.when39.—Whydidhewritetothemayor'soffice?—_______aboutthepoortaxiserviceofthecity.A.TocomplainB.ForcomplainingC.HecomplainedD.Complaining40.AlicetoldmethatyouweregoingtofurtheryourstudyintheUSAsoon,______?A.didsheB.didn’tsheC.wereyouD.weren’tyou41.Everyonejumpedwithjoy______LiuXiangbreastedtheendinglineon25thOctober,2022at11thNationalGames.A.thedayB.themomentC.forthefirsttimeD.thefirsttime42.Hepaid_____toheronherhelpinghimoutofthedifficultyonce.A.attentionB.effortsC.effectsD.compliments43.TheCEOofthecomputercompanymadethefinaldecisionafterhe_______thematterwiththeboardmembersA.contactedB.connectedC.consultedD.contrasted44.Iwasnot_______thatIhadcutmyselfuntilIsawthebloodallovermyhand.-11-/11\nA.astonishedB.annoyedC.consciousD.afraid45.Theywereoftenso_______intheirresearchthattheyskippedmealsandrest.A.attractedB.absorbedC.drawnD.concentrated46.Iam_______thatheiscapableoffinishingthetaskontime.A.assuredB.ensuredC.insuredD.sured47.Wehurriedtothetheatre,onlytobetoldtherewerenotickets______fortheSuperGirls’concert.A.suitableB.respectableC.acceptableD.availableSectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.selectedB.amazedC.domesticD.ensureE.destinationsF.specificG.assureH.accommodationsI.excellentJ.preferredTheglobalcrisis,whichoriginallystartedintheUnitedStateslastyear,hascausedalotofproblemsandaffectedpeople’slifeinallaspects.InNewYork,peoplearegoingawayonweekendsandstickingclosetotheirhomes.Here'showthedowneconomyischangingthewaytheytravel.SECONDARYCITIESSomesmallercitiesarestealingtheglory.FortMyers,Floridaexperienceddoubledigit(位数)growthinSeptember,2022overSeptember2022,basedonAmericanExpressTravelbookings.CitieslikePortland,Oregonarealsobecomingpopular___1___,withrecentdatashowinganincreaseof38%overlastyear.EvenPhiladelphia'sstarisrising,saidthesenioreditorShawBrownfromTravelocity—aleadingproviderofconsumer-directtravelservicesfortheleisureandbusinesstraveler.Brownsaid,“It’shardtoexplainexactlythereasonfortheboom.Weare___2___atallaboutthisanditmightbeadecreaseinairfareorhotelpricesor___3___marketing.HotelratesinFortMyersaredownabout10%.ButhotelratesinPortlandareup.”ShethinksPhiladelphia'shigherpopularityisduetogoodmarketing,adecreaseinairfareof16%comparedtotheoverall8%decreasefor___4___flightsandmoreinterestinhistoricdestinationsingeneral.FAMILYTRAVELRatherthantakeatwo-weekvacationtoEurope,families___5___tovisitnationalparks.DavidMandy,spokesmanfortheAssociationofAmusementParks,isoptimisticaboutthesummerseason.Hesaidevenwhengaswas$4agallonin2022,peoplecontinuedtovisitthemeparks--theysimply___6___parksclosertotheirhomes.Foryears,to___7___familieswithkidsvisitnationalparksata___8___time,parkoperatorshavebeenusingspecialoffers,promotionsanddiscounts,thedealsmaybeeasiertofindthisyear,especiallywhenitcomestopackagesthatinclude___9___.UniversalOrlandoResorthasadealallowingfamiliestobookathree-nightpackageandreceivetwoadditionalnightsfree.PackagesincludeaccommodationsatahotelnearUniversalandunlimitedthemeparkadmissiontobothUniversalStudiosandIslandsofAdventure.(Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet.)III.ReadingComprehension(40’)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,-11-/11\nCandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Imaginewakinguponemorningtodiscoverallyourpersonalinformationinyourmobilephonehasbeenstolen.Yourmessageshavebeeninfectedwithavirusthathassentitselftoallthepeopleyouhaveever___48___messageswith.Youtrytomakeacallbutyourmobilephone'saddressbookhasbeendeleted.Whatis___49___isthatyouturnonyourphone,onlytofindyourscreenback.Nowadays,Computerhackers,whohavelongfocusedoncomputers,havenowgottheir___50___onmobilephones.Aphonevirusprogrammecanmakeyourphonedothingsyouhavenocontrolover.ItmightcontroltheWhiteHouseorthepolice.Oritcould___51___eatintothephone'soperatingsoftware,turningitoffanderasingyourpersonalinformation.Withmobilephonesfunctioningmorelikecomputers,it’sno___52___thathackersandviruswritershavethephonesintheirsights.Nowthatthemobilephoneisasmallcomputerwithmemory,importantdataandan___53___totheInternet,thesedevicesshouldbeprotectedequallyandcarefully.___54___,itseemsthatthephoneusershavedonenothingmoretoprotecttheirphonesandviruseshavealreadymademobilephoneowners___55___inAsia.Aviruscangetmessagesandsendthemelsewhere.Anditcanrecordyourpassword.Peoplearenow___56___ofsurfingtheNet,sendemailsanddownloadsoftwarewiththeirmobiles,sotheyareaneasytargetforthesamehackerswhohavekeptsendingvirusestocomputersoverthepasttwo___57___.InChina,themobileofacertain___58___keptsendingahugeamountofmessagesautomaticallyandsecretly,whichmadeherpayalotofextramoneyreluctantly.InJapan,ifyouopenedanemailmessageonyourmobile,itwouldcausethephonetorepeatedly___59___thenationalemergencynumber.Sophoneoperatorshadtocancelemergencycallsuntilthefaultwasremoved.Someexpertssaythatmobileuserscan___60___viruses,ofcourse,bystickingtotheirtraditionalphoneswithoutWeblinks,whilesomeothersadviseuserstomakeBluetoothinvisible,deleteallunsolicitedmessageswithoutopeningthem,alwayssay“___61___”ifyourphoneaskstoinstallaprogramthatyouarenot___62___withandinstallonlysoftwarefromsafewebsitesasmuchaspossible48.A.sentB.receivedC.exchangedD.contacted49.A.importantB.wonderfulC.worseD.serious50.A.handsB.virusesC.controlD.temptation51.A.extensivelyB.absolutelyC.regularlyD.simply52.A.needB.wonderC.useD.possibility53.A.affectionB.accessC.addressD.admission54.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.FurthermoreD.Somehow55.A.amazedB.terrifiedC.amusedD.surprised56.A.capableB.possibleC.ableD.mobile57.A.weeksB.centuriesC.yearsD.decades58.A.hackerB.businessmanC.ladyD.gentleman59.A.callB.ringC.attackD.dial60.A.copyB.deleteC.avoidD.recognize61.A.yesB.helloC.sorryD.no62.A.satisfiedB.familiarC.delightedD.happySectionBDirections:Readthefollowingfourpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsor-11-/11\nunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.ATheyear2022haswitnessedthespreadofFluA-H1N1(甲型流感)andasthewinterisapproaching,itrendstoregainitspower.Thesedays,oneofthemostpopularwordsmaybe:Haveyougotafluvaccineshot(注射)sofar.EvenintheUSA,PresidentBarackObamadeclaredA-H1N1fluanationalemergencyandtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionisrecommendingthatallchildrenagedfrom6monthsto18yearsshouldreceivethefluvaccine.Vaccinesbattlediseasescausedbybacteriaandviruses.Aweakenedformofthegermisintroducedintothebody.Thebodymakesspecialsubstancescalledantibodiestofightthegerms.Iftheactualgermsweretoattack,theantibodieswouldfightit.Becausetherearemanykindsoffluviruses,scientistsmustcreateanewvaccineformula(方程式)eachyear.Researchersmustmakeaprediction.Itislikeforecastingtheweather.Sometimestheyarerighton,andsometimestheyareoff.Butevenwhenthevaccinedoesnotcloselymatchcirculatingflutypes,itcanmaketheillnesslessserious.“TheH1N1vaccineisnotaseffectiveasthepolio(小儿麻痹症)vaccineorthemeaslesvaccine,”saysDrWilliamSchaffnerofVanderbiltUniversityofMedicine.“It'snotagreatvaccine,butitisquiteagoodvaccine.”ButtheH1N1vaccinedoesn'tworkforeveryone.Therearecertainpeoplewhoshouldbecarefulabouttakingitbecausethevaccineisproducedineggs,thosewhoareallergic(过敏的)toeggsshouldnottakeit.Ifyouhaveafever,youshouldwaituntilyourecover.SomepeopleareafraidthattheymightgettheflufromtheflushotortheH1N1vaccineislikelytohavesomesideeffectsonthem.WorldHealthOrganization(WHO)announcedonNov3,2022thatitissafetohaveavaccineshotbecausethevirusesintheflushotareinactivatedandtheyhavebeenworkingonaglobalH1NIvaccineproductionplan.However,someminorsideeffectssuchaslow-gradefeverandbodyachecouldoccur.Iftheydo,theybeginsoonaftertheshot,soitisbettertohaveahalf-hourobservationaftertheshot.63.Whichofthefollowingistheproperdefinitionof“vaccine”?A.Virususedforfightingagainstdisease.B.Antibodiestofightgerms.C.Formulatofightagainstdisease.D.Substancecontainingvirususedforprotectingpeopleagainstdiseases.64.Bysaying“It'snotagreatvaccine,butitisquiteagoodvaccine',theauthormeansthefluvaccineA.isnotaseffectiveasthepolioandmeaslesvaccinesB.isnoteffective,comparedwiththepolioandmeaslesvaccinesC.doeshelptomakeillnesslessseriousD.isquitegoodbecauseitworksforeveryone65.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_______.A.thosewhoareallergictoeggsshouldnottakefluvaccineB.allthefluvaccinesarenoteffectiveforeveryone-11-/11\nC.youshouldgotoadoctorifyouhaveafeverorbodyacheaftertakingthefluvaccineD.itispossiblethatsomepeoplemightgettheflufromtheflushot66.Itisnotadvisableforeveryonetotakefluvaccinebecause_______.A.therearemanykindsofvirusB.thefluvaccineisnotaseffectiveasthepolioandmeaslesvaccinesC.someonemaybeallergictoitD.ithassomeminorside-effectsBTaiwanFloodandTyphoonRelief88FreeConcerts&AuctionNightsOnAugust8,2022,TaiwansufferedfromthehitofTyphoonMorakot,whichcausedagreatlossoflivesanddamage.Thiswas theworsttyphoontohitTaiwaninhalfacenturyandithittheisland'ssouthernandeasternareas,dumpedmorethan80inchesofrainontheislandandstrandedthousandsofvillagersinmountainousareas.TaiwaneseStudentandAlumniAssociationsfrommanyschoolsintheGreaterNewYorkareaaresponsoringtwocharityconcertsandauctions(拍卖)tohelpwithfundraisingforthereconstructioninTaiwan.Twocharityconcerts/auctions:Thursday,August27,20225:00pmEnter;5:30pmBeginTaipeiEconomicandCulturalOfficeinNewYork,1East42ndStreet(5thAvenue),NewYork,NewYork10017Sunday,August30,20223:00pmEnter;3:30pmBeginOverseasChineseCultureCenterofTECOinNewYork,133-32,41stRoad,Flushing,NewYork11355CharityPrograms:“LoveandHope”;“IPray”;“HandinHand”;“NYCFloating”…Formoreprograminformationoftheconcerts,pleaseclickhere.DonationInformationForquestionsorifyou’dliketoperform(anyformacceptable),workasavolunteeranddonatemoneyorartworkforauctions,pleaseemail:Email:Taiwan.Charity@gmail.comTel:Call646-460-1739Mr.ShangFordonationormoreinformation,youcanalsovisitthefollowingwebsites:http://sites.google.com/site/taiwancharity/http://taiwancharity.blogspot.com/http://www.facebook.com/event.php?eid=132950229458Youmayalsodonatebymail:pleasemakecheckspayabletoTaiwanCharity.Address:212W91STST#230,NewYork,NY10024USACitibankAcct#:9955503808Alldonorswillbeannouncedandlistedonourwebsite.AllmoneycollectedwillbedonatedtotheTaiwanRedCross.Co-hostsandthanksSponsorsTaiwanstudentsandalumnigroupsinGreaterNewYork,TaiwanCharity.-11-/11\nHelloNYC,FTSANY,ATANY,NYTFAandABC. SpecialThanks:TECO-NYEverysinglepersonaddeduptogetherwillformunlimitedpower. Everylittlecontributiontogetherwillmakethelovingpowerstronger. Let'shelpthosetyphoonvictimsandsendourlovebacktoTaiwan!67.ThepurposeoftheRelief88Concerts&AuctionNightsisto_______.A.workfortheTaiwanRedCrosstoraisefundforthetyphoonvictims.B.informallTaiwanalumnitoattendthecharityconcertsandauctions.C.appealtoallTaiwanalumnitohelpwithfundraisingfortherebuilding.D.callonpeopletodonatemoneyatthetwocharityconcertsandauctions.68.WhichwayisnotavailableifLindaWu,aTaiwanalumna,intendstomakeadonation?A.Sendingemailto“Taiwan.Charity@gmail.com”.B.Callingat“212W91STST#230,NewYork,NY10024”.C.Dialingthenumber“646-460-1739”tocallMr.Shang.D.Visitingthewebsite“http://taiwancharity.blogspot.com/”.69.Fromthepassageweknowthat______.A.TyphoonMorakot,whichhittheTaiwanisland,wastheeverworstone.B.Alltheparticipantswillentertheconcertsandauctionsfreeofcharge.C.Thetwoconcertsandauctionsaresponsoredbyacharityorganization.D.AlldonorswillbeannouncedandlistedontheTaiwanRedCrosswebsite.70.Youmayseethisinformationofthetwocharityconcertsandauctions_____.A.onawebsite.B.ontheschoolbulletinboard(布告板).C.inamagazine.D.inthelocalschoolnewspaper.C（新题型）SomaliPiracy(索马里海盗)Somalia's3,025-kilometercoastlineisthelongestinAfricaandneartokeyshippingroutesconnectingtheRedSeatotheMediterraneanbywayoftheSuezCanal.Itistheworld's2ndbiggestpiracyhotspotafterIndonesia.Morethan130merchantshipswereattackedintheregionlastyearandantenfold(十倍的)increasewasnotedinthefirsttenmonthsof2022andinOctoberalone,threeshipswerehijackedthere,includingashipwith25crewfromChina.SomaliahashadnoeffectivecentralauthoritysinceformerpresidentMohamedSiadBarrewasdrivenoutofthecountryin1991.Thegovernmentcollapsed,settingoffabloodycycleofconflictsbetweendifferentgroupsandithasbeenawar-tornnationeversince.Itsninemillionpeoplehavebeenteeteringonstarvationandmorethanfortypercentofitspeopledependonfoodaid.TherehasbeenalotofdiscussioninthemediaabouthowtodrivepiracyoffthecoastofSomalia.MuchlessattentionhasbeengiventothecomplexsourcesofpoliticaldisorderandpovertythathaveledmanySomalisintopiracy.OtherfactsarethatforeignshippingcompanieshavebeendumpingnuclearwasteoffthecoastofSomaliaandrobbingthecountryofitsfishingindustry.ManyofSomalia’s“pirates”initiallyorganizedtodefendtheircoastagainstthispollutionandrobbery.SomalipiratesoperateintheIndianOceanandtheGulfofAden.Thepirateshavefastboats,modemweaponsandequipmentlikesatellitephonesandglobalpositioning-11-/11\nsystems(GPS全球定位系统).Thegenerallydonotstealgoodsorkillhostages.Theyarebelievedtobeholdingseventeenshipswithaboutthreehundredcrewmembers.Someoftheworld'sheaviestshippingtrafficpassestheSomalicoast.Butmajorshippingcompanieshavebeguntoconsidernewroutes.NavyshipsfromAmerica,Russia,Chinaandothercountriesarenowwatchingforpirates.Buttheareatoprotectcoversmorethanonehundredsixtymillionsquarekilometers.Besidesnoeffectivegoverningonshore,theshippingcompaniesarealsopartoftheproblems.Payingthemasumofmoneytogetitbackisaneconomicaldecision,whichcontributestoageneralclimateofpiracy.Furthermore,themilitaryresponsehasmadetheproblemmorecomplicated.Kenya(肯尼亚)hasadvisedorganizingamajorinternationalconferencetosolvetheproblems.ButitseemsalongwaytogoandwemustgettoknowthefactthattheworldcannotendpiracyandcivilwarwithoutdealingwithSomalia'spoliticalproblems.1.Accordingtothepassage,thebiggestpiracyhotspotis________.2.WhathaveledmanySomalisintopiracy?(Youranswermustbelimitedwithin10words)3.WhatisthepurposeofSomalipirates’hijackingsincetheygenerallydon’tstealgoodsorkillhostages?4.WecansafelyconcludethatthekeytosolvingthepiracyinSomaliais_________.(Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet.)DWordcameonFridaythatU.S.PresidentBarackObamawasawardedthe2022NobelPeacePrize,andhewouldjointheranksofhistory'sgreatpersonsasthenewestNobelPeacePrizerecipient.TheNobelprizeshavebeenawardedannuallysince1901tothosewhoboughtthegreatestbenefittomankindduringthepreviousyear.”Quitealotofpeoplehavebeenawardedtheprize,suchasMotherTheresa,Ghandi,FDR…OnOct.9,Friday,ObamasaidthathewassurprisedtolearnthathewontheNobelPeacePrizeof2022,whichhesawasa“callforaction.”SpeakingtoreportersintheRoseGardenoftheWhiteHouse,hesaidhewas“bothsurprisedanddeeplyhumbled”toaccepttheawardanddidn'tviewitasrecognitionofhisownaccomplishments.HealsosaidhewouldtraveltoOslotoaccepttheprizeonDec.10.Rather,theprizeshouldberegardedasrecognitionofthegoalshesetfortheUnitedStatesandtheworld.“Iwillacceptthisawardasacallforaction,acallforallnationstofaceuptothecommonchallengesofthe21stcentury,”Obamasaid,“thechallenges,includingnuclearnonproliferation(防止核扩散),fightingagainstclimatechangeandenergycrisis,can'tbemetbyanyoneleaderoranyonenation.ThatiswhyIhavebeenworkingtoestablishaneweraofengagementinwhichallnationsmusttakeresponsibilityfortheworldweseek.”hesaid.ObamaisthefourthU.S.presidenttowintheNobelPeacePrizeandthethirdsittingpresidenttodoso.“Thepresidentwilldonatetheentire$1.4millionprizetocharity,”WhiteHousespokesmanRobertGibbssaid,“buthasn'tdecidedyetwhichorganizationswillsharethewindfall”ReactionstohiswinningoftheNobelPeacePrizearemixedbothinandoutoftheUnitedStates.SomelikeformerU.S.PresidentJimmyCarter,theNobelPeacePrizewinnerof2022,saidObama'sawardis“aboldstatementofinternationalsupportforhisvisionandcommitmenttopeaceandharmonyininternationalrelations.”However,FormerPolishPresidentLechWalesa,whowontheprizein1983,questionedwhetherObamadeserveditnow.AndU.S.RepublicanPartyChairmanMichaelSteeleremarkedthatObamawontheprizeasaresultofhisstarpower-11-/11\nratherthanmeaningfulaccomplishmentsandtherealquestionAmericanswereaskingwaswhathehasactuallyaccomplished.“Sosoonandtooearly.Hehasdonenothingbutjoyrideandgiveteleprompter(讲词提示机)speechessofar.Heisstillatanearlystage.Heisonlybeginningtoact,”saidWalesa,anetizen.71.Theunderlinedphrase“thethirdsittingpresident”probablymeans________.A.thethirdpresidentalive.B.thethirdpresidentinpower.C.thethirdpresidentwholovespeace.D.thethirdpresidentwhodonatestheprize.72.ThosewhoquestionedObama’swinningoftheNobelPeacePrizeheldthefollowingopinionsexceptthat______.A.itwasacallforactionB.itwassosoonandtooearlyC.hewonbecauseofhisstareffectD.hehadnocontribution73.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_______.A.Obamaconsideredthathediddeservetheprize.B.Obamahadn’texpectedthathewouldwintheprize.C.Obamafeltthattheprizewasacallforhimtodomore.D.Obamaregardedtheprizeasrecognitionofwhathehaddone.74.ReactionstoObama’swinningoftheNobelPeacePrizearemixedbecause_______.A.peoplethinkObamashouldn’tbeawardedtheprize.B.ObamaisthefirstblackpresidentintheUnitedStatesC.thechallengesoftheworldcan’tbemetbyanyoneleader.D.peopleholddifferentopinionsabouthiswinningoftheprize.EThequestionofwhatchildrenlearn,andhowtheyshouldlearnit,iscontinuallybeingdebatedandredebated.Nobodydaresanylongertodefendtheoldsystem,theparrot-fashion(wayoflearningbyrepeatingwhatotherssay)oflearninglessons,thegrammar-with-a-whip(鞭子)system,whichwasgoodenoughforourgrandparents.Thetheoriesofmodernpsychologyhavesteppedintoarguethatwemustunderstandtheneedsofourchildren.Childrenarenotjustsmalladults;theyarechildrenwhomustberespectedassuch.Well,youmaysay,thisisasitshouldbe,andagoodidea.Butthinkfurther.Whathappens?“Education”becomestheresponsibilitynotofteachers,butofpsychologists.Whathappensthen?Teachersworrytoomuchaboutthepsychologicalimplications(暗示)oftheirlessons,andforgetaboutthesubjectsthemselves.Ifachilddislikesalesson,theteacherfeelsthatitishisfault,notthechild's.Soteachersworrywhetherhistoryis“relevant''tomodemyoungchildren.Anddotheydaretorecountstoriesaboutviolentbattles?Orwillthismakethechildrenthemselvesviolent?Cantheytelltheirclassesaboutchildrenofdifferentraces,orwillthisencourageracialhatred7Whyteachchildrentowritegrammaticalsentences?Oralexpressionisbetter.Sums?Arithmetic?No:real-lifemathematicalsituationsaremoreunderstandable.Yousee,youcangotoofar.Influencedbyeducationaltheorists,whohavenothingbettertodothanwritebooksabouttheirideas,teachersleavetheirteaching-trainingcollegesfilledwithgrand,psychologicalideasaboutchildrenandtheirneeds.Theymakecomplicatedpreparationsandtryouttheir“modernmethods”onthelong-sufferingchildren.Sinceone“modernmethod”rapidlyreplacesanother,thepoorkidswillhavewellbeenfedupbythetimetheyleaveschool.Frequentlythemodernmethodsaresocomplicatedthattheyfailtobeunderstoodbytheteachers,-11-/11\nletalonethechildren;evenmoreoften,therelaxeddisciplinewhichissonecessaryforthe“informal”classpreventsallbutahandfulofchildrenfromlearninganything.75.Undertheoldsystem,childrenwere_______.A.madetolearnpassively.B.spoiledbytheirparents.C.treatedequallyasadults.D.wereforcedtobecomeparrots.76.Modernpsychologistsholdtheviewthat_______.A.childrenarebetteroffwithoutlearninglessons.B.childrenmustbeunderstoodandrespected.C.childrenaresmalladultsandtheyknowwhattheyneed.D.educationofchildrenistheresponsibilityofpsychologists.77.Whathappenswhenteachersgivelessonswiththetheoriesofmodernpsychology?A.Theyfindthatmoreandmorechildrenliketheirlessons.B.Theydon'tpayenoughattentiontostudents'actuallessons.C.Theymustmakefullpreparationsandtryoutmodernmethods.D.Theyfindthattherelaxeddisciplineissonecessaryforchildren.78.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthetheoriesofmodernpsychology?A.Uninterested.B.Acceptable.C.Satisfied.D.Critical.SectionCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandchoosethemostsuitableheadingfromthelistA--Fforeachparagraph.Thereisoneextraheadingwhichyoudonotneed.A.LearningtobeaqualifiedfreeganB.FoodfromthegarbagecanbehealthytoeatC.FindingsomethingelsefromthegarbageD.Freeganism,anewlifestyleE.TheobstaclestothisnewlifestyleF.FoodwasteintheUSandBritain1.______________Forgrowingnumberofpeople;thefoodfortheirdinnerisfoundinthegarbagebinsoutsidesupermarkets.Theyare“freegans”--ordinary,middleclasspeoplewhosearchthroughdustbinsforeatablefood.ThefreeganmovementismostpopularinAmerica,especiallyinNewYorkCity.“Freeganismisareactiontowaste,”saysactivistAdamWeissman,“Butit'salsoareactiontoinjusticesandexploitationthatgointoproducinggoodsinthefirstplace.”2.______________A1997studybytheUSDepartmentofAgricultureestimatedthattheUSwastesabout43billionkilogramsoffoodayear,about27percentofUSproduction,butthetreefigureisasmuchas50percent.“TheNo.1problemisthatAmericanshavelosttouchwithwhatfoodisfor,”ProfessorJonessaid.“Wehavelosttouchwiththeprocessesthatbringittothetable.”InBritain,meanwhile,around17milliontonesoffoodareburiedbetweenlayersofdirtinsomesites.3.______________Freegansclaimthatitiseasytoeathealthilyoutofgarbage,ifafewsimplerulesarefollowed.FoodsoldinmostoftheUSandBritainismarkedwithan“eatby”date.Mostisthrownoutadayortwobeforeitbecomesunfittoeat.Inretailing,thegeneralruleisnevertohaveemptyshelves.-11-/11\nItisalwaysbettertohavetoomuchthannottohaveenough.Majorshopsalsoconstantlyreceivedeliveriesthroughouttheday.Soitdoesnotmatterifthingsarethrownaway.Therewillalwaysbemoredeliveredsoon.4.______________It'snotjustfoodthatgetsthrownout.“Wefoundflat-screenTVs,workingCDplayersandstereos,”saysAdamWeissman.“Ihaveputtogethermostofmywardrobeoutofgarbage.Lastyear'sdesignerclothinginperfectshapeisthrownawaybecauseit'snolongerfashionable,soIwearalotofdesignerlabels.”5.______________Ifyoudon'tmindwearinglastyear'sfashionsandeatingfoodthatisnotquitenew,thenfreeganismsoundslikeagoodlifestyle.Itiscertainlyaninterestingapproachtotheproblemofexcesswaste.Butthereisonedifficulty.Howmanypeoplearepreparedtospendtheireveningslookingthroughtrashforthingstoeatandwear?Howmanywouldbepreparedtotelltheirfriendsaboutit?Andwhataboutthesmell?(Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet)第二卷IV.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1.父母希望我每月留出一些钱买书。（aside）.2.请务必弄清楚他的婚礼何时何地举行。（makesure）3.在北京期旅游期间他们中没有人同我联系。（tour;contact—v）4.你考虑过有些学生会不情愿参加这次活动吗?(consideration)5.若想有一个好身体，我建议你多做运动并且保持好心情。(health)6.面对金融危机，有人灰心、有人抱怨、有人放弃，然而更多的人选择战胜它。(getover)(Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet.)-11-/11