湖南省2022年上学期株洲市荷塘区第十八中学高一英语期中考试题

湖南省2022年上学期株洲市荷塘区第十八中学高一英语期中考试题卷面分值：150分考试时间：120分钟第一部分　听力技能（共两节,满分30分）略第二部分　阅读（共15题，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从题中所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A篇EmbassySuitesbyHiltonSantaAnaOrangeCountyAirportNeighborhood：JohnWayneAirport(SNA)，OrangeCounty1325EastDyerRoad,SantaAna,CAOVERALLGUESTSCOREHotelDescriptionBeingclosetoairportandfreewayaccessmaketheEmbassySuitesatopchoiceforourguestsinthearea.The300-roomEmbassySuitesoffershomeycomfortsforthoseonbusinessandvacationalike一suiteswithseparatelivingandsleepingareas,refrigerators，microwaves，coffeemakers，Wi-FiaccessandtwoTVs.Wakeuptoafreecooked-to-orderbreakfastandenjoytheindoorpoolandfitnesscenter.Atwo-houreveningreceptionoffersdrinksandsnacksandtheon-siterestaurantservesAmericanfavorites.Thepropertyalsohasabusinesscenterwithcopyandfaxservices.Parkingisavailableforanadditionalfee.LessthantwomilesfromI-405,theEmbassySuitesiswithinahalf-mileofvariousrestaurantsandjustthreemilesfromJohnWayneAirport.OurguestssaytheEmbassySuites’location,“brilliant”breakfastand“friendly”staffmakeitoneoftheirfavoriteSantaAnaproperties.VeryGoodBasedon163GuestRatingsFreeBreakfast     FreeAirportShuttleFitnessCenter     BusinessCenterGuestRatingsGood   Feb8,2022By:HaroldPros:Lovedthebreakfastandthefriendly,helpfulstaff.Spaciousaccommodationsmadethisaverygoodvalue.Cons:Didn’tlovetheheating/ACsystem;roomwastoocoldforcomfort.Alsowasnotawareoftheparkingfeeuntilwecheckedin.Theparkingfeewas$17anight.Good   Jan24,2022By:MicaelaPros:Breakfastwasamazingwithavarietyofchoicesandthestaffwerehelpful.Cons:Theroomhadaverystrangeoldsmellwhenwefirstgotthere.Ihadtoopenthedoortoairitout.VeryGood   Jan5,2022By:BrucePros:Thelocationwasverygoodforusandtheincludedbreakfastwasaplus.Cons:Theroomwasnotcleanedproperlywhenwegotthere.Theheatingsystemwasnotworkingforthehotelaswell.…21.__________makestheEmbassySuitesatopchoiceforitsguestsinthearea.A.Theconvenientlocation   　　　　　　　　　ThefriendlystaffThebusinesscenter.   　　　　　　　　　　Wi-Fiaccess22.Accordingtotheguestratings,alltheguestsaresatisfiedwithits_________.A.heatingsystem   　　　　　　　　　　　　accommodationsbreakfast   　　　　　　　　　　　　　　parkingfee23.Thisadvertisementismademorebelievableby_______.A.interviewingtheguests   　　　　　　　　　usingguests’commentsanalyzingitsprosandcons   　　　　　　　　providingtheexactaddressB篇TheVienna-basedresearchersshowedthatdogswillstopdoingasimpletaskwhennotrewardedifanotherdog,whichcontinuestoberewarded,ispresent．Theexperimentconsistedoftakingpairsofdogsandgettingthemtopresentapawforareward．Ongivingthis“handshake”thedogsreceivedapieceoffood．Oneofthedogswasthenaskedtoshakehands,butreceivednofood．Theotherdogcontinuedtogetthefoodwhenitwasaskedtoperformthetask．Thedogwithouttherewardquicklystoppeddoingthetask,andshowedsignsofangerorstresswhenitspartnerwasrewarded．Tomakesurethattheexperimentwasreallyshowingtheinteractionbetweenthedogsratherthanjustthefrustrationofnotbeingrewarded,asimilarexperimentwasconductedwherethedogsperformedthetaskwithoutthepartner．Heretheycontinuedtopresentthepawformuchlonger．DrFrederikeRangefromtheUniversityofViennasaysthisshowsthatitwasthepresenceoftherewardedpartnerthatwasthegreaterinfluenceontheirbehaviour．4/4\n“Theonlydifferenceisonegetsfoodandtheotherdoesn’t,theyarerespondingtobeingunequallyrewarded．”shesaid．Theresearcherssaythiskindofbehaviour,whereoneanimalgetsfrustratedwithwhatishappeningwithanother,hasonlybeenobservedinprimates(灵长类)before．Studieswithvarioustypesofmonkeysandchimpanzeesshowtheyreactnotonlytoseeingtheirpartnersreceivingrewardswhentheyarenot,butalsotothetypeofreward．Thedogstudyalsolookedatwhetherthetypeofrewardmadeadifference．Dogsweregiveneitherbreadorsausage,butseemedtoreactequallytoeither．DrRangesaysthismaybebecausetheyhavebeentrained．24．Thedogsrefusedtogivethepawwhenthey_______．A．foundanotherdogwasgivennothingB．felttheywerenottreatedequallyC．wereawaretheyreceivedlessfoodD．weregiventoomuchreward25．Whatwouldthedogsdoiftheypresentedtheirpawalone?A．Theywouldgoonwiththeperformancemuchlonger．B．Theywouldbetooshytopresenttheirpaw．C．Theywouldmisstheirpartners．D．Theywouldcomparewhattheygotwiththatofothers．26．Accordingtothepassage,comparedwithdogs,monkeysandchimpanzees______．A．paynoattentiontothetypeofrewardB．onlyliketoplayinterestinggamesC．payattentiontothetypeofrewardaswellaswhethertheyarerewardedD．caremoreabouthowtheyarerewarded27．Whichofthefollowingcanbestsummerisethepassage?A．Animals’variouswaystoshowangerB．DogsaremoreenviousthanmanC．MostanimalswanttobeberewardedfortheirworkD．AnimalsalsohaveasenseoffairｎｅｓｓＣ篇Thereareoveronemillionsuperstitions(迷信),andmostpeoplebelieveatleastoneortwoofthem.Manypeoplearesuperstitiousaboutnumbers.Theythinkthatthereareluckynumbersandunluckynumbers.Thenumber13isoftenconsideredunlucky.Insomepartsoftheworld,buildingshaveno13thfloorandstreetshavenohouseswiththenumber13.InJapan,"4"isconsideredunluckybecauseinJapanesetheword"four"ispronouncedthesameastheword"death".Japanesenevergivegiftsoffourknives,fournapkins,orfourofanything.Whataretheluckynumbers?Sevenisaluckynumberinmanyplaces,and"8"isconsideredaluckynumberinJapanandChina.InChina,businessesoftenopenonAugust8,andmanycouplesregistertogetmarriedateightpasteightonAugust8.Superstitionsaboutnumbersaresowidespreadthatsomepeople--callednumerologist--makealivingbygivingadviceaboutnumbers.In1937,whentheToyodafamilyofJapanwantedtoformacarcompany,theyaskedanumerologistif"Toyoda"wouldbeagoodnameforthecompany.Thenumerologistsaiditwouldnotbe.Heexplainedthat"Toyota"wouldbeabetternameforthecompany.Thefamilytookhisadvice.Asaresult,millionsofpeopledrive"Toyota"andnot"Toyoda".Therearemanyotherkindsofsuperstitions.Therearesuperstitionsabouteating,sleeping,sneezinganditching(抓痒).Therearesuperstitionsaboutanimalsandholidaysandhorseshoes.Thereareevensuperstitionsaboutsuperstitions.Thosesuperstitionswilltellpeoplehowtoreversebadluck.WhentheJapanesebumpheads,theyimmediatelybumpheadsagain.AccordingtoaJapanesesuperstition,thefirst-bumpmeanstheirparentswilldie,butthesecondbump"erases"thefirstbump        Toreversebadluckingeneral,peopleturnaroundthreetimes,turntheirpocketsinsideout,orputtheirhatsonbackwards.IntheUnitedStates,baseballplayerssometimesweartheircapsbackwardswhentheirteamislosing.Itlookssilly,butthebaseballplayersdonotmindifithelpsthemwinthegame.   28．Itcanbeinferredthatsuperstitionsaboutnumbersare          .A．popularneitherinJapannorinChinaB．popularonlyinJapanandinChinaC．popularbothinJapanandinChinaD．causinggreattroublesbothinJapanandinChina29．Theunderlinedword"reverse"means          .A．changetobadluckB．causetogointheoppositedirectionC．changefortheworseD．exchange30．IfaJapanesepurposelybumpshisheadagainafteranaccidentalbump,wecanbesurethat    .  A．heismadB．heishappyC．heissuperstitious　D．heisverysad31．Thewriterwrotethispassagewiththepurposeof          .4/4\nA．persuadingustobelievesuperstitionsB．showingussomefactsofsuperstitionsC．showingusthemagicpowerofnumberD．showingusanumerologistD篇Teenagerswhotalkonthecellphonealot,andholdtheirphonesuptotheirrightears,scoreworseononetypeofmemorytest.That’sthefindingofanewstudy.Thatmemoryimpairmentmightbeonesideeffectoftheradiation(放射线)thatphonesusetokeepusconnectedwhilewe’reonthego.Nearly700Swissteenstookpartinatestoffiguralmemory.Thistypehelpsusrememberabstractsymbolsandshapes,explainsMilenaFoerster.Theteenstookmemoryteststwice,oneyearapart.Eachtime,theyhadoneminutetoremember13pairsofabstractshapes.Thentheywereshownoneitemfromeachpairandaskedtomatchitwithoneofthefivechoices.Thestudyvolunteersalsotookatestofverbalmemory.That’stheabilitytorememberwords.Thetwomemorytestsarepartofanintelligencetest.Theresearchersalsosurveyedtheteensonhowtheyusecellphones.Andtheygotcallrecordsfromphonecompanies.Theresearchersusedthoserecordstofigureouthowlongtheteenswereusingtheirphones.Thisallowedtheresearcherstoworkouthowbigradiationexposure(接触)eachpersoncouldhavegotwhiletalking.Aphoneuser’sexposuretotheradiationcandifferwidely.Someteenstalkontheirphonesmorethanothers.Peoplealsoholdtheirphonesdifferently.Ifthephoneisclosetotheear,moreradiationmayenterthebody,Foersternotes.Eventhetypeofnetworksignalthataphoneusescanmatter.MuchofSwitzerlandwasusinganolder“second-generation”typeofcellphonenetworks,thestudyreports.Manyphonecarriers(通讯公司)havemovedawayfromsuchnetworks.Andmorecompaniesplantoupdatetheirnetworkswithinthenextfewyears.Theteens’scoresinthefiguralmemorytestswereroughlythesamefromoneyeartothenext.Butthosewhonormallyheldtheirphonesneartherightears,andwhowerealsoexposedtohigherlevelsofradiation,scoredalittlebitworseafterayear.Nogroupofteensshowedbigchangesontheverbalmemorytest.Whymightonetypeofmemorybelinkedtocellphoneuse,butnotanother?Foersterthinksitcouldhavetodowithwheredifferentmemorycenterssitinthebrain.Thesitethatdealswiththeabilitytoremembershapesisneartherightear.1.Theunderlinedword“impairment”inParagraph1mostprobablymean“________”.A.application.loss.damage.improvement.2.AccordingtoParagraph2,wecanlearnthat______________________.A.Researcherspaidlittleattentiontotheteens’habitsofusingphones.Theteensneededtoreporttheaveragetimespentontheirphones.Theteenstooktwotypesofmemorytestsfourtimesintotal.Theteens’abilityofrememberingwordsisshowninfiguralmemorytest.3.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?A.Howpeopleholdtheirphoneshasnoeffectontheirbodies.Phoneuserscanmakemoremoneywithnewnetworks.Thecellphonenetworktypehaslittletodowiththecellphoneuse.Radiationlevelsareaffectedbythecellphonenetworktypes.4.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Cellphoneuseandsafetywarnings.Teen’scellphoneuselinkedtomemoryproblems.　　Dangerouslevelsofcellphoneuseamongteens.Factsaboutcellphoneuseatschool.第三部分　知识运用（共三节，满分65分）第一节　完形填空（共20题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。Iwasfacedwithadecision.Whiledeliveringlaundry(洗好的衣服)intoherbedroom,Isteppeduponmythirteen-year-oldsister’s,amodern-dayPandora’sBox,fullofattraction.WhatwasItodo?Ihadalwaysbeenjealous(嫉妒)ofmylittlesister.Hercharmingsmile,lovelypersonalityandmanygiftsthreatenedmyplaceaslady.Icompetedwithhersecretlyandgrewtohatehernaturalabilities.Asaresult,wespoke.Isoughtopportunitiestofindwithherandexpectedtoherineveryway.Herdiarylayatmyfeet,andInotherprivacy,norherpossiblepain.Ienjoyedthepossibilityofdiggingupenoughdirttomycompetitor’sspotlessrecordImyevilassisterlyduty.Itwasmyresponsibilitytokeepacheckonheractivities.Itwouldbeofmenotto.Ithebookfromthefloorandopenedit,turningthepages,searchingformyname,thatIwoulddiscoverdirtyandillspeakingofme.However,asIread,thebloodranfrommyface.ItwasworsethanI.Therewasabriefdescriptionofherself,hergoalsandherdreamsfollowedbyashortportrayal(肖像)ofthepersonwhohashermost.Istartedtocry.Iwasher.Sheadmiredmeformypersonality,myachievementsandred-facedly,my.4/4\nIstoppedreading,struckwiththeIhaddone.IhadwastedsomuchenergypushingherawayIhadmissedoutonher.ThosesincerewordsshewroteseemedtobreakanicyaroundmyheartandIlongedtoknowheragain.Onthatfatefulafternoon,asIputasidethelaundryandrosetomyfeet,Idecidedtogotoher—thistimetoexperiencetojudge,tohugratherthanfight.Afterall,shewasmysister.1.A.caseB.shoeC.clothD.diary2.A.youngB.leadingC.toughD.greedy3.A.alwaysB.deliberatelyC.mildlyD.seldom4.A.interestB.answerC.faultD.link5.A.thankB.treatC.defeatD.accept6.A.consideredB.causedC.gainedD.rejected7.A.roughlyB.constantlyC.nearlyD.simply8.A.cleanB.soilC.warmD.protect9.A.understoodB.killedC.reasonedD.lacked10.A.wrongB.kindC.wiseD.considerate11.A.pickedupB.threwawayC.leftoutD.setdown12.A.informedB.remindedC.demandedD.convinced13.A.readB.suspectedC.wroteD.did14.A.inspiredB.lovedC.beatenD.assisted15.A.sisterB.enemyC.heroD.friend16.A.knowledgeB.braveryC.toleranceD.honesty17.A.crimeB.murderC.robberyD.quarrel18.A.whetherB.thatC.whenD.why19.A.diseaseB.injuryC.barrierD.skin20.A.butalsoB.insteadofC.aswellasD.inorder第二节（共10题，每题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的适当形式。Thereareseveralreasonswhyschooluniformsareagoodidea.Firstofall,uniformshelptheschoollooksmart.Thestudentsfeelthattheybelongtoaparticulargroup.Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform,nobody__56__(have)toworryaboutfashion.Everybodywears__57__samestyleofclothes.Uniformscanbeusefulinunexpectedways.AschoolinIrelandhasintroducedininterestingnewuniform.Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth__58__givesofflightinthedark.Whenthechildrenarewalkingor__59__(cycle)toschoolondarkmornings,cardriverscan__60__(easy)seethem.Butcanuniformshelpimproveschoolstandards?Theanswer__61__thisquestionisnotclear.OnestudyinAmericafoundthatstudent'sgrades__62__(improve)alittleaftertheschoolintroduceduniforms.Butsomestudentsdidn'twant__63__(wear)theuniform.OtherAmericanstudiesshowedno__64__(connect)betweenuniformsandschoolperformance.Schooluniformsare__65__(tradition)inBritain,butsomeschoolsarestartingtogetridofthem.Someverygoodschoolsdon'thaveauniformpolicy.However,uniformsarestillpopular.Pupilsatabout90percentofBritishsecondaryschoolswearuniforms.4/4