福建省莆田市第二十四中学2022届高三英语上学期第一次调研考试试题含解析

福建省莆田市第二十四中学2022届高三上学期第一次调研考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onabus.B.Onthesubway.C.Inataxi.2.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Adinnerparty.B.Abeachsport.C.Aweekendplan.3.HowmuchmoredoesNancyneedforthecomputer?A.$100.B.$550.C.$650.4.Whatisthewomanplanningtodoontheweekend?A.Holdadanceparty.B.VisitBillwiththeman.C.Helpthemanwithaparty.5.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthefinalexam?A.Worried.B.Confident.C.Disappointed.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。-25-6.What’stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Shopassistantandcustomer.B.Travelguideandtraveler.C.Teacherandstudent.7.Whatsouvenirswillthewomanchoose?A.Silkandfans.B.Longjingtea.C.TheFourTreasuresoftheStudy.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whathasthewomandecidedtodo?A.Buyaniceapartment.B.Findaparkingspace.C.Rentahouseneartheschool.9.Wheredoesthewomanexpecttolive?A.Inthecitycentre.B.Nexttothepark.C.Neartheschool.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatwilltheweatherbelikeonSunday?A.Cloudyandrainy.B.Sunnyandhot.C.Windyandstormy.11.What’stheman’ssuggestionforSaturdayafternoon?A.Goinghiking.B.Watchingamovie.C.Visitingamuseum.12.Howdoesthewomanfindtheman’ssuggestions?A.Veryunreasonable.B.Prettygood.C.Justso-so.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Wheredidthewomanusetowork?A.Inakindergarten.B.Inamiddleschool.C.Atauniversity.14.Whydidthewomanlearntwonewlanguages?A.Todoresearchforherbooks.B.Totranslateotherwriters’books.C.Tospeakthemwhentravelling.15.Whatdoesthewomanthinkhergreatestadvantageis?A.Shehaswrittenbooksforchildren.B.Shehastakencoursesinchildren’swriting.-25-C.Sheisanexperiencedmotherwhoreadsalot.16.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydiscussnext?A.Money.B.Schedule.C.Children.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatcouldtheintendedlistenersmostprobablybe?A.Studentswhowanttogetfurthereducation.B.Volunteerswhocanworkabroad.C.Officerswhohopetoimproveinternationalunderstanding.18.WhatkindofprojectdoestheoneinJapanbelongto?A.Along-termproject.B.Amedium-termproject.C.Ashort-termproject.19.WhatdoestheprojectinPolanddemand?A.Languageability.B.Physicalwork.C.Medicalexperience.20.Wherewillthemedicalstudentswork?A.Inacenterfordisabledchildren.B.Inachildren’sholidaycenter.C.InaJapanesevillage.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。ATheUniversityofSheffieldBacktoitsoriginTheUniversityofSheffieldisaresearchuniversityinthecityofSheffieldinSouthYorkshire,England.Itisoneoftheoriginal“redbrick”universities,whichareagroupoftopandfamousolduniversities.TheUniversityofSheffieldwasoriginallyformedbythecombinationofthreecolleges.TheSheffieldSchoolofMedicinewasfoundedin1828,followedin1879bytheopeningofFirthCollegebyMarkFirth,asteelmanufacturer(制造商),toteachartsandsciencesubjects.FirthCollegethenhelpedtoprovidemoneyfortheopeningoftheSheffield-25-TechnicalSchoolin1884toteachappliedscience.In1897thethreeinstitutionswerejoinedtogethertoformtheUniversityCollegeofSheffield,whichinturnbecametheUniversityofSheffieldbyRoyalCharter(特许)in1905.ThisuniversityisfamousforitsgoodeducationandboastsanumberofNobelPrizewinnersamongitsformerstudents.MoreinformationSystem:TheUniversityhasfivedepartments:ArtsandHumanities;Engineering;PureScience;SocialSciences;Medicine,DentistryandHealth.Sheffieldalsohasmanyresearchprogramsinfieldsincludingaerospace,environmentalscience,psychology,andbiology.Cityshow:SheffieldisalivelycityinthenorthofEngland.SheffieldisknownasthegreenestcityinEuropebecauseofits2milliontrees.Asaresult,therearemanyparksandwoodsthroughoutthecityandbeyond.SheffieldisthegreenestcityinEnglandwith150woodlandsand50publicparkswithinthecity.Once,inSheffield,thefolkhero—RobinHoodlivedinSherwoodForestwith150ofhisloyalfriends.AndCharlotteBronte,theEnglishwriternotedforhernovelJaneEyrewasborninSheffield.1.SheffieldisintheofEngland.A.eastB.westC.southD.north2.WhichstatementabouttheUniversityofSheffieldisnotTRUE?A.Ithasagoodfameformanygreatgraduates.B.Ithasalonghistoryofmorethan180years.C.Itisonememberof“redbrick”universities.D.Itownsdifferentdepartmentsandresearchprograms.3.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Sheffieldhasverybeautifulscenery.B.CharlotteBronteisanEnglishwriter.C.SheffieldisthebiggestcityofEngland.D.RobinHoodisacharacterinJaneEyre.-25-【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文中说明了TheUniversityofSheffield的发展历史和该大学的学院设置以及对Sheffield这座城市进行了介绍。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句SheffieldisalivelycityinthenorthofEngland可知，该城市位于英格兰的北部。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的In1897thethreeinstitutionswerejoinedtogethertoformtheUniversityCollegeofSheffield,whichinturnbecametheUniversityofSheffieldbyRoyalCharterin1905可知，1905年这所大学才正式批准，故其历史不到180年。故B项错误，故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段SheffieldisknownasthegreenestcityinEuropebecauseofits2milliontrees.Asaresult,therewithinthecity.其中关键信息“thegreenestcityinEurope”;“thegreenestcityinEngland”可以推断出是Sheffield有优美的风景。故选A。【点睛】此类型的人物介绍或地点介绍的说明文，考生可以不读短文，直接先看题，带着问题从文章中找答案，这样考生可以节约时间。BInthefuturethosewhoaretakingcareofoldpeoplemaygethelpfromthehouseitself.Overthelastfewyears,newtechnology,suchastheInternet,Wi-FiandflatTVscreens,haschangedourhomesandthewaythatwelive.Now,anothertechnologyrevolutionishappening.AnewprojectattheUniversityofHertfordshirewantstocreateahomethatmonitorspeoplelivinginitwhoareelderly.Theresearchershavedevelopedawristbanddevice（装置）whichhelpsustowatchtheelderlypersonwhoiswearingit.Thedevicecollectsinformationtoseeifthepersonhasfallenorhaswanderedawayfromwhereheorsheshouldbe.-25-Theassisted-livingprojectispartoftheuniversity’swiderInterhomeproject,whichisthedevelopmentofasmarthouse.Thehouseremembersthehabitsofthepersonwholivesthereanditusesverylowamountsofenergy.TheInterhometeamhopethatofferingthisservicewillhelptakecareoftheelderly.Theysay,“It’sveryimportantthatthesetechnologiesaretheretohelpandsupportandnotreplaceanyoftheexistingservices.”TheInterhomeisnotjustaresearchmethod.It’salsoawayforstudentsfromdifferentscientificbackgroundstolearnanddeveloptechnology.Theuniversityusesthelatesttechnologytohelpstudentsgetexperiencebydevelopingnewhardwareandsoftwarethemselves.Theteamincludesdesign,engineeringandcomputersciencestudentsworkingtogether.“Weareworkingonasmart-homeprojectinWatfordwithsomecompaniesatthemoment,”saystheprojectleader.“Wearelookingathowasmarthomecanprovideevenmoreservices.”Thiscouldhelpmillionsofoldpeoplearoundtheworldhaveabetterandsaferlifeinthefuture.4.Thewristbanddevicebenefitsitsusersby.A.changingthelivinghabitsoftheelderlyB.monitoringpeoplewholiveinasmarthomeC.offeringinformationtothepersonwearingitD.watchingovertheelderlywhomayfallorgetlost5.WhomdoestheUniversityofHertfordshirehaveinitsresearchteam?A.Studentswhowanttofindajobeagerly.B.Studentswhoprefertoworkontheirown.C.Studentsfromdifferentscientificbackgrounds.D.Studentswithalotofrichworkingexperience.6.Whatistheprojectleader’sattitudetowardsthefutureofthesmarthomeproject?A.Uncertain.B.Uninterested.C.Optimistic.D.Disappointed.7.Whatmightbethemainideaofthepassage?A.Awristbanddevicehaschangedthewaythatwelive.-25-B.Asmarthomehelpsstudentsdevelophardwareandsoftware.C.AnInterhomeprojecthasbeenputintousetohelptheelderly.D.AnInterhomeprojectwillhelptheoldliveabetterandsaferlife.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文中介绍了一款旨在帮助照顾老人的新科技；这种新科技项目的设计者们对它的推广相当看好。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句Thedevicecollectsinformationtoseeifthepersonhasfallenorhaswanderedawayfromwhereheorsheshouldbe可知该装置是收集老人是否摔倒；是否走失之类的信息。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句Theteamincludesdesignengineeringandcomputerscience.Sciencestudentsworkingtogether可知该研究队成员包括设计部学生，工程部学生，计算机科学部学生;这些学生共同努力研制。可以推知：成员来自不同科技背景的学生。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句Thiscouldhelpmillionsofoldpeoplearoundtheworldhaveabetterandsaferlifeinthefuture可知项目部领导对“智能家庭”项目的态度是很乐观的。A项意为：“不确定的”;B项意为：“不感兴趣的”;C项意为：“乐观的”;D项意为：“失望的”；故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段第二行Now,anothertechnologyrevolutionishappening可知现在这款新科技将要改变生活。A、C两项使用了现在完成时，表达的是“已经发生的动作”；故在“时间上”是与全文不符，故排除。本文主要讲的是一款新科技要帮助老人过上更好的生活，而不是“帮学生研发硬件和软件”。故选D。【点睛】考生在做阅读理解题时要注意时态的运用，例如第四题：全文主要使用的时态是一般现在时和现在进行时（表示将来的意义）但A、C两项却使用了现在完成时。根据现在完成时的定义：动作发生在过去对现在造成的影响;显然与全文（在时间上）是不符合的。-25-CFlyingforalongtime,youfinallyarriveattheplacewhereyoucanrelax—yourhotelroom.Nowyouthrowyourbagonthebed,turnontheTVandwatchaninternationalnewsprogrammeonasatellitechannelprobablyfromUKortheUSA.ThemaininternationalbroadcastersareBBCWorldandCNN.Withanaudienceofover1.5billionpeople,thesearepopularchannelsthatoffergood-qualitynewsprogrammes.Inbothcompanies,thejournalistsareexperiencedwritersthatproducejournalismofahighstandard.However,therearealternativenewschannelswhichpeoplewatchbecausetheywantalesstraditionalornon-Westernviewonworldevents.RussiaTodayandAlJazeeraInternational,anArabiccompany,areinternationalchannelsthatbroadcastinEnglish.Bothcompaniessaytheygiveafreshviewonbigstories,andtheirexperiencedjournalistsoftenreportfromplaceswhereWesternjournalistsdonotwork,andsotheygiveusstoriesthatwedon’tnormallysee.TheInternetoffersmorevariety.OneWorldTVisanInternetsitewhereyoucanfindstoriesaboutthedevelopingworldandhumanrights,ratherthantheusualstoriesaboutUSpoliticsandbusiness.Thewritersforthiscompanyareoftenlocalpeoplewhowritethestoriesforfree.Thisnon-professionaljournalismisincreasing,anditcertainlyoffersmorechoices.Thisincreaseincitizenjournalismmeansthatyoucanwritethenews,too.Mainnewsbroadcastersoftenusephotographsandstoriesthatmembersofthegeneralpublicsendtothem,especiallywhenthereisadramaticbreakingnewsstory.Besidesthis,someblogsarepopularsourcesofnews,andthewebsiteNowPublicletsyouwritestoriesusinginformationyoucangetfromanywhere,includingsiteslikeYoutube,FlickrandTwitter.8.Thefirstparagraphismeantto.A.offerasuggestionB.giveawarningC.explainareasonD.introducethetopic9.Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthatmoreandmorepeoplewill.A.prefertoreadlocalnewsB.paymoreattentiontoworldnews-25-C.startacareerincitizenjournalismD.giveupwatchingTVnewsprogrammes10.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheLatestLocalNewsB.MoreChoicesforNewsC.TheEndofTVNewsD.TraditionalWorldNews【答案】8.D9.C10.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文中主要介绍了市民可以观看的新闻媒体。有些新闻来自国家（正式新闻）;有些新闻来自民间，这种民间的非正式媒体新闻正呈上升趋势；市民还可以在网上发布一些新闻。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句watchaninternationalnewsprogramonasatellitechannelprobablyfromUKortheUSA.和第二段第一句ThemaininternationalbroadcastersareBBCWorldandCNN可以推断出第一段是引子，是为了引出下文的话题（介绍BBCWorld和CNN）。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句Thisisnon-professionaljournalismisincreasinganditcertainlyoffersmorechoices和第三段第一句Thisincreaseincitizenjournalismmeansthatyoucanwritethenews,too可知越来越多的人写新闻，故而可推断出更多的人开始了新闻工作。故选C。【10题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是观看新闻可以有很多选择。A项意为：“当地最新新闻”;C项意为：“电视新闻的总结”;D项意为：“传统世界新闻”;故选B。【点睛】考生要学会浏览文章的结构;本文第一段是引子引出话题：新闻媒体。第二、三、四段分别介绍了几种新闻媒体;最后一段介绍了现在呈上升趋势的“自媒体”;这样了解了全文之后，最后一道题的“最佳标题题”就很容易选出答案。DYoucanseeaseaturtlenamedHerman,anoctopus(章鱼)calledOctavia,andasealnamedLidiaattheSmithsonian’sNationalZooinWashington,D.C.Ratherthanrealanimals,theyareactuallyartworksmadeoutofplastictrashfromtheocean.-25-Theseartworksarepartofatravelingexhibitcalled“WashedAshore:ArttoSavetheSea”.TheWashedAshoreproject,ledbytheartistcalledPozzi,workstoraiseawarenessaboutplasticpollutioninEarth’soceans.Morethan315billionpoundsofplasticlittertheworld’soceanstoday.Mostoftheplasticisgarbagefromtownsandcities,aswellastrashthatpeopleleaveonbeaches.Rainwater,winds,andhightidesbringthetrashintotheoceanorintoriversthatleadtotheocean.Onceitisunderthewaves,theplasticbeginstobreakupintosmallerandsmallerpieces.Thousandsofseaanimalsdieeachyearfromeatingplasticbagsandotherthings.Eachyear,millionsmorepoundsofplasticendupintheocean.Arecentstudyfoundthatifthatcontinues,by2050thetotalweightofplasticwillbemorethanthatofallthefishintheocean.TheWashedAshoreprojectisworkingtostopthatfromhappening.Since2022,WashedAshorevolunteershavecollected38,000poundsofplastictrashfrommorethan300milesofbeaches.TheyhelpedPozzicreatemorethan60artworksofseacreaturesharmedbyplasticpollution.“Theseartworksareapowerfulreminderofourpersonalroleandglobalresponsibilityinpreservingbiodiversity(生物多样性)onlandandinthesea,”saysDennisKelly,directoroftheNationalZoo.11.WhatisthepurposeoftheartworksshownattheSmithsonian’sNationalZoo?A.Toletpeopleknowaboutanimalsintheocean.B.Tointroduceonewayofrecyclingplastictrash.C.Towarnpeopleofplasticpollutionintheocean.D.ToshowPozzi’sgreatgiftforcreatingartworks.12.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthesourceofplasticpollutionintheocean?A.Garbagefromtownsandcities.B.Trashleftonbeachesbypeople.C.Plasticbagsbrokenupbywaves.D.Littercreatedbyhumanactivities.13.ThedatainParagraph5isgiventoprovethat.A.plasticpollutionwillbemoreseriousintheoceanB.moreandmoreartworksofseacreatureswillbemade-25-C.theWashedAshoreprojecthasmadegreatachievementsD.volunteerscansolvetheoceanpollutionsuccessfullyby205014.What’sDennisKelly’sattitudetowardstheartworks?A.Worried.B.Supportive.C.Doubtful.D.Unconcerned.15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TurningTrashintoArtB.WorkingforWashedAshoreC.CollectingPlasticTrashD.StoppingEnvironmentalPollution【答案】11.C12.D13.C14.B15.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文中介绍了一个由Pozzi领导的名为TheWashedAshore的项目在众多志愿者的帮助下，用收集来的海洋塑料垃圾创造了许多艺术品，很好的唤醒了人们的海洋环保意识。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Theseartworksareapowerfulreminderofourpersonalroleandglobalresponsibilityinpreservingbiodiversityonlandandinthesea可知这些艺术品展示了人们在海洋生物多样性保护中的个人作用。即：警醒人民注意海洋中的塑料污染。故选C。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段Morethan315billionpoundsofplasticlittertheworld'soceans,today.Mostoftheplasticisgarbagefromtownsandcities,aswellastrashthatpeopleleaveonbeaches可知海洋中的塑料垃圾主要是由人类活动所产生的垃圾。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中所列的数字信息可以证明：该项目最近几年在清理海洋垃圾中所做的巨大成绩（已有3800吨垃圾被清理）。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Theseartworksareapowerfulreminderofourpersonalroleandglobalresponsibilityinpreservingbiodiversityonlandandinthesea-25-其中关键信息“powerfulreminder”可知这些艺术品是人们在保护海洋中所起作用的有力证明。A项意以为“担心的，焦虑的”;B项意为：“支持的;支援的；赞助的”;C项意为：“怀疑的”;D项意为：“不关心的”;故选B。【15题详解】标题判断题。本文是通过把海洋中的塑料垃圾变成艺术品以唤醒人们的海洋保护意识。D项“阻止环境污染”范围过广，不能作为全文的标题。故选A。【点睛】考生在完成阅读理解题时，一定要把所有选项都要阅读完，切不可找到“答案”后忽略其他选项。如第二题考生在阅读选项A时，从第三段中找到了证据信息，就直接把A选中；殊不知B项也是正确的；只有D项（对A、B两项进行了概括）才是最佳答案。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyoubelongtoahighlyemotionallyintelligentperson?Asweallknow,emotionalintelligence(EI)hasbeenanimportantfactorinoursuccessandhappiness,notonlyatwork,butinourrelationshipsandallareasofourlives.Sowhatsetsemotionallyintelligentpeopleapart?___16___Theyfocusonthepositive.Whilenotignoringthebadnews,emotionallyintelligentpeopledonotspendalotoftimeandenergyfocusingonproblems.___17___Thesepeoplefocusonwhattheyareabletodoandwhatiswithintheircontrol.Theysurroundthemselveswithpositivepeople.PeoplewithalotofEIdon’tspendalotoftimelisteningtocomplainers.Theyareawarethatthosepeoplearenothelpfultothem.___18___Youcanspotthesefolksastheytendtosmileandlaughagreatdealandattractotherpositivepeople.Theirwarmth,openness,andcaringattitudeletotherslookuponthemasmoretrustworthy.Theylookforwaystomakelifemorefun,happy,andinteresting.Whetheritisintheirworkplace,athome,orwithfriends,highEIpeopleknowwhatmakesthemhappyandlookforopportunitiestoexpandtheirenjoyment.___19___Therefore,theydowhatevertheycantobrightensomeoneelse’sday.___20___PeoplewithhighEIaresobusythinkingofpossibilitiesinthe-25-futurethattheydon’tspendalotoftimeworryingaboutthingsthatdidn’tworkoutinthepast.Theytakethelearningfromtheirpastfailuresandapplyittotheiractionsinthefuture.A.Theyarewillingtoletgoofthepast.B.Peopleknowhowtheycanusetheirenergywisely.C.HerearefourhabitsthatpeoplewithhighEIhave:D.Theyreceivepleasureandsatisfactionfromseeingothershappy.E.Sotheyalwaysspendtimewithpeoplethatlookatthebrightsideoflife.F.Instead,theyusetheincidenttocreateawarenessofhowtonotletithappenagain.G.Rather,theylookatwhatispositiveinasituationandlookforsolutionstoaproblem!【答案】16.C17.G18.E19.D20.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了情商高的人所具有的四种习惯：关注积极的事物；与积极向上的人为伴；寻找使生活更快乐、有趣的方法；乐于摆脱过去。【16题详解】考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。第一段中最后一句Sowhatsetsemotionallyintelligentpeopleapart?（因此，什么把情商高的人与其他人区分开呢？）引出话题；且从第三段开始介绍了情商高的人所具有的四种习惯。C选项承上启下，HerearefourhabitsthatpeoplewithhighEIhave:（以下是情商高的人所具有的四种习惯。），故选C。【17题详解】考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。上一句emotionallyintelligentpeopledonotspendalotoftimeandenergyfocusingonproblems.（情商高的人并不在问题上花费太多的时间和精力），下句应该是在讲情商高的人的特别做法，G项Rather,theylookatwhatispositiveinasituationandlookforsolutionstoaproblem!（更确切地说，他们看到的是某种情况中积极的东西，并寻找问题的解决办法）符合语境。故选G。-25-【18题详解】考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。本段的中心句Theysurroundthemselveswithpositivepeople.（他们与积极向上的人为伴）可知，本段主要是讲情商高的人习惯于接触什么样的人，E项Sotheyalwaysspendtimewithpeoplethatlookatthebrightsideoflife.（因此他们总是与看到生活中好的一面的人们待在一起。）符合本段内容，故选E。【19题详解】考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。本段中心句为Theylookforwaystomakelifemorefun,happy,andinteresting.（他们寻找使生活更快乐、有趣的方法），且根据本段最后一句Therefore,theydowhatevertheycantobrightensomeoneelse’sday.（因此，他们会尽最大努力让别人拥有美好一天）可知，此处应该是在讲情商高的人尽最大努力让别人拥有美好一天的原因。故D选项Theyreceivepleasureandsatisfactionfromseeingothershappy.（他们从别人的快乐中获得快乐与满足。）符合语境，故选D。【20题详解】考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。根据后句theydon’tspendalotoftimeworryingaboutthingsthatdidn’tworkoutinthepast.（他们不会把大量时间花费在过去那些不如意的事情上。），故A项Theyarewillingtoletgoofthepast.（他们乐于摆脱过去。）是本段的主题句。故选A。【点睛】一招锁定答案-----寻找关键词寻找关键词是做好阅读填句的有效方法。首先，在做题时，应密切关注空前后的名词和动词，寻找答案时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词语等。再者，关注代词、数词、表示时间/年代的词、地点/名称等专有名词等。利用这些线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。例如本题第三小题中，上文内容emotionallyintelligentpeopledonotspendalotoftimeandenergyfocusingonproblems.中的关键词problems与答案Rather,theylookatwhatispositiveinasituationandlookforsolutionstoaproblem!中的problems一致。且答案中的副词rather“更确切地说；而是”也是解答本题的关键词之一。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。-25-AMichiganman,namedBob,wasalonewhenhelefthisfarmhouseonNewYear’sEvetocollectfirewood.Expectingajourneyofonlyseveralmeters,Bobwasjust_____21_____longjohns(秋裤),ashirtandslippers(拖鞋)whenhewentoutside,_____22_____thetemperaturebeingaround-4℃._____23_____,hefelldownandbrokehisneck.He___24___forhelpbuthisnearestneighborisaboutaquartermile____25____anditwas10:30pm.___26___,Bob’sKelsey,afive-year-oldGoldenRetriever(金毛寻回犬)came.ShekeptBobwarmby___27___ontopofhim,andkepthim_____28_____bylicking(舔)hishandsandface.Shekeptbarkingfor_____29_____butneverlefthisside.Bobsaid:“WithKelseykeeping______30______withme,IknewIhadto______31______thisandthatitwasmychoicetostayalive.”BymorningBob’svoicewasgone,butKelseydidn’t_______32_______shoutingstill.Bob’sneighbor____33____discoveredhimafterhearingKelsey’sshoutsandcalled911.WhenBobarrivedinhospital,histemperaturewas____34____21℃.Normalbodytemperatureis37℃,soBobwas______35______tofindoutthathedidn’thaveanyinjury____36____cold.“I’msureitwasbecauseofKelsey’s_____37_____tokeepmewarmandaware,”saidBob.Andtothesurpriseofdoctors,Bobmadeaquick______38______fromhisneckinjury.“Ithinkanimalscanhelpandhis______39______herodidkeepBobaliveandreallymakeabig______40______,”saidChaimColen,MD,Neurosurgeon(神经外科医生)atMcLaren.21.A.removingB.decoratingC.wearingD.collecting22.A.inchargeofB.inspiteofC.insearchofD.incaseof23.A.HoweverB.AnyhoC.OtherwiseD.Instead24.A.explainedB.screamedC.orderedD.complained25.A.aroundB.forwardC.nearbyD.away26.A.ProbablyB.GenerallyC.FortunatelyD.Especially27.A.waitingB.lyingC.layingD.watching28.A.asleepB.aloneC.alikeD.awake29.A.helpB.comfortC.escapeD.action-25-30.A.paceB.trackC.promiseD.company31.A.giveupB.livethroughC.findoutD.turndown32.A.stopB.imagineC.continuD.try33.A.graduallyB.immediatelyC.suddenlyD.finally34.A.beyondB.withinC.belowD.above35.A.surprisedB.seriousC.satisfiedD.nervous36.A.asameansofB.asakindofC.asaresultofD.asamatterof37.A.curiosityB.effortC.skillD.ambition38.A.contributionB.developmentC.changeD.recovery39.A.littleB.proudC.famousD.hopeful40.A.requirementB.excuseC.differenceD.expression【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.B25.D26.C27.B28.D29.A30.D31.B32.A33.D34.C35.A36.C37.B38.D39.A40.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文中讲述了鲍勃在夜晚10点半时身穿单衣不顾严寒外出寻柴，不幸的是，他摔倒并摔伤了自己，他的爱犬为他取暖让他熬过了寒夜，第二天得到了邻居的救助。【21题详解】考查动词辨析。根据上句中的tocollectfirewood可知，Bob是想出去找柴火，肯定是“穿上”秋裤、衬衫和拖鞋后才出去的。A项意为：“移除”;B项意为：“装饰”;C项意为：“穿，戴”;D项意为：“收集”;故选C。【22题详解】考查介词短语辨析。根据空thetemperaturebeingaround-4℃，可知Bob是不顾室外的零下4度的严寒而外出的。A项意为：“掌管”;B项意为：“不管，不顾”;C项意为：“寻找”;D项意为：“以防，万一”;故选B。【23题详解】考查连词辨析。根据hefelldownandbrokehisneck可知他外出后摔倒并且摔坏了脖子;此处含有转折。A项意为：“但是”;B项意为：“不管怎样”;C项意为：“否则，不然”;D项意为：“而是”;故选A。-25-【24题详解】考查动词辨析。根据常理，他摔倒后应该是呼救。A项意为：“解释”;B项意为：“大声呼叫”;C项意为：“命令”;D项意为：“抱怨”;故选B。【25题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：最近的邻居离他也有1/4英里远。数词+距离单位+away表示“有……远”;A项意为：“周围”;B项意为：“向前”;C项意为：“附近”;故选D。【26题详解】考查副词辨析。根据下文他遇到困难他的爱犬过来帮助，这当然是幸运的事儿。A项意为：“可能地”;B项意为：“一般地”;C项意为：“幸运地”;D项意为：“尤其”;故选C。【27题详解】考查动词辨析。狗狗应该是卧在他身上给他取暖。A项意为：“等得”;B项意为：“躺;撒谎”;C项意为：“放置”;D项意为：“观察”;故选B。【28题详解】考查形容词辨析。狗狗舔他的脸和手，肯定是为了使他清醒（在寒冷的天气里，一旦睡着就冻死了）。A项意为：“睡着的”;B项意为：“独自一人的”;C项意为：“相像的”;D项意为：“醒着的”;故选D。【29题详解】考查名词辨析。狗狗一直叫着肯定是为了寻求帮助。B项意为：“宽慰，安慰”;C项意为：“逃跑”;D项意为：“行为动作”;故选A。【30题详解】考查名词辨析。由于狗狗的一直陪伴，鲍勃意识到自己必须挺过这种难关。A项意为：“步伐;速度”;B项意为：“足迹;踪迹”;C项意为：“诺言”;D项意为：“陪伴;公司”;故选D。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。同上。A项意为：“放弃”;B项意为：“活下来;渡过难关”;C项意为：“弄明白”;D项意为：“拒绝；开小点”;故选B。【32题详解】考查动词辨析。根据空后shoutingstill可知，狗狗并没有停止叫。故选B。【33题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：Bob的邻居在听到狗狗的叫声之后，最终还是发现了他并拨打了911求救。A项意为：“逐渐地”;B项意为：“立即地”;C项意为：“突然地”;D-25-项意为：“最后，终于”;故选D。【34题详解】考查介词辨析。根据Normalbodytemperatureis37℃可知，正常人的体温是37℃，Bob被送往医院时的体温应该是低于21℃。A项意为：“超过”;B项意为：“在……之内”;C项意为：“低于”;D项意为：“在……之上”;故选C。【35题详解】考查形容词辨析。根据hedidn'thaveanyinjury可知他没有被冻伤，这一结果应该是令Bob很吃惊。A项意为：“吃惊的”;B项意为：“严肃的”;C项意为：“满意的”;D项意为：“紧张的”;故选A。【36题详解】考查介词短语辨析。因寒冷而受到的伤害。A项意为：“作为……的工具;作为……的方法”;B项意为：“作为……的类别”;C项意为：“因为;作为……的结果”;D项意为：“作为……的事实”;故选C。【37题详解】考查名词辨析。作者清楚（自己没有受任何伤），完全是因为狗狗的不断的给自己取暖，没有让自己睡着的（努力）的结果。A项意为：“好奇心”;B项意为：“努力”;C项意为：“技术”;D项意为：“熊心;志向”;故选B。【38题详解】考查名词辨析。让医生们吃惊的是，Bob的颈伤的快速的康复。A项意为：“贡献”;B项意为：“发展”;C项意为：“改变”;D项意为：“康复”;故选D。【39题详解】考查形容词辨析。神经外科的一位医生认为动物能够帮助人类，并且认为Bob的“小英雄”Kelsey发挥了极大的作用，Bob活了下来。B项意为：“骄傲的”;C项意为：“著名的”;D项意为：“有希望的”;故选A。【40题详解】考查名词辨析。同上。makeadifference“起作用，有影响”;A项意为：“要求，请求”;B项意为：“原谅”;C项意为：“差别”;D项意为：“表达”;故选C。【点睛】考生在备考期间一定要下功夫把固定短语记牢。在做完形填空题时考查固定短语、固定搭配的题时，只要能记住汉意一定能够准确选出答案，一般不会出错。例如第2题，第11题，第16题。-25-第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。ChinesePresidentXiJinpinghaspraisedagroupofmiddleschoolstudentsfortheireffortsinsatellitedesign.Hesaidhewaspleasedwiththeircuriosityandbraveryin_____41_____(science)exploration.ThepresidentalsowishedtheteachersandstudentsinBayiSchool____42____happynewyear.Ximadethepraiseinaletter_____43_____(write)tothestudentsinBeijing’sBayiSchoolonSaturday.Asmallsatellitedesignedanddevelopedbythem_____44_____(send)intospacelastWednesdayatTaiyuanSatelliteLaunch(发射)Center____45____itwasdesignedtooperateinorbit(轨道)for180days.Threemonthsago,Xireturnedtohishighschool,tovisitalaboratoryandtalktoteachersandstudents___46___weredesigningthesmallsatellite.Thepresidentsaidhewas______47______(extreme)gladtoknowthatthesatellitedesignedbythestudentswouldbelaunchedandcalledonthemtobecome______48______(build)ofthecountry.Xiwarmlyencouragedthestudents_____49_____(study)scienceandcontributetothedevelopmentofChina.Hehopedthatthestudentswouldkeephungryforknowledgeanddevelop____50____(they)nationalspirit.【答案】41.scientific42.a43.written44.wassent45.and46.who/that47.extremely48.builders49.tostudy50.their【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道类说明文。文中报道了习总书记参观八一学校，赞扬了设计卫星的老师和学生们并向他们表达新年祝愿和对他们的希望。【41题详解】-25-考查词性转换。习书记说他对学生们的在科学探索方面的好奇心和勇敢精神感到很满意。修饰名词exploration应用形容。故填：Scientific.【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：习总书记还对八一学校的老师和学生表达了新年祝愿。year是可数名词。故填：a.【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：习总书记在给北京八一学校的学生的信中提出了表扬。本句谓语动词是made;故write需用非谓语动词;又因letter和write之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词;故填：written.【44题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：上周三由学生们设计并研发的一个小型卫星，在太原卫星发射中心发射升空。designanddevelopedbythem是过去分词短语作后置定语,故send是谓语动词;主语是asmallsatellite时间是lastwednesday;故用一般过去时的被动;故填：wassent.【45题详解】考查连词。句意：这个卫星设计的是要围绕轨道飞行180天。空前和空后是两句话，并且是并列关系;故填：and.【46题详解】考查定语从句。三个月前习书记还回到高中，参观了图书馆，并和设计这款卫星的老师和学生进行了交谈。先行词是teachersandstudents;从句缺主语用关系代词;故填：who/that.【47题详解】考查副词。句意：习书记说他非常高兴由学生设计的卫星要被发射成功并且号召他们成为祖国的建造者，修饰形容词glad需用副词，故填：extremely.【48题详解】考查词性转换。句意：同上。根据ofthecountry可知该空须填名词，因宾语是them，故用复数，故填：builders.【49题详解】考查固定短语。句意：习书记鼓励学生研究科学。encouragesomebodytodosomething意为“鼓励某人做某事”，;故填：tostudy.【50题详解】考查代词。句意：他希望学生要保持对知识的渴求并培养自己的民族精神。“民族精神”前用形容词性物主代词;故填：their.-25-第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Lastweek,Ilearnedalessonaboutbeinghonesty.ItwasFriday,earlyonthemorning,Ididnotwantgotoschool,soItoldmymotherthatIgotthefever.Ipretendedtobeseriouslyill.Mymotherwentoutquickly,lookedworried.Ithoughtshewenttowork,butafterawhile,shereturnedbackwithsomemedicine.Shetoldmethatsheasksforadayofftolookafterme.Afterwards,myteacherheardfrommysicknessandcametovisitmewithsomeofmyclassmate.Iwastedothers’time，becauseIfeltveryregretfulfortellinglies.Atlast,theyadmittedmymistakeandpromisednottolieanymore.【答案】-25-【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，文中记述了作者因撒谎而给别人带来麻烦，并且还浪费了老师和学生的时间，为此作者非常后悔。.【详解】第一处：考查形容词。句意：我得到了一次关于诚实的教育。系表结构，形容词作表语;故honesty改为honest.第二处：考查固定搭配。句意：我不想上学。wanttodosomething;故want后加to。第三处：考查固定搭配。句意：所以我就告诉我的妈妈，我发烧了。getafever“发烧”;故the改为a。第四处：考查非谓语动词。句意：我的妈妈很快出去了看起来很担心。这是一句话，谓语动词是wentout;故look是非谓语动词，look是过去分词（含有被动完成），而此处需要表达的是做伴随状语故用现在分词;looked改为looking.第五处：考查动词。句意：她带了一些药返回来。return本身就含有back之意，故returned改为went或back去掉。-25-第六处：考查谓语动词。句意：她告诉我，她请了一天假来照顾我。这是一个宾语从句，主句谓语动词是过去时，故从句中的谓语动词也应该用过去的时态;故asks改为asked.第七处：考查介词。句意：我的老师听说我生病了。hearof/about听说;故from改为of或about.第八处：考查名词单复数。句意：老师和一些学生一起来看望我。someof后加可数名词的复数形式;classmates改为classmates.第九处：考查连词。上文“浪费别人时间”是下文“感到后悔”的原因;because故改为so.第十处：考查代词。句意：最后我承认了我的错误，发誓以后再也不撒谎了。这个错误是作者自己犯下的，而不是“他们”;故they改为I.第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.假定你是李华，自制了一些中国结（Chineseknot）。给开网店的美国朋友Tom写封信，请他代卖，要点包括：1.外观（尺寸、颜色、材料）2.象征意义3.价格注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________-25-______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearTom,Howareyoudoing?IwonderifyoucouldsellsomeChineseknotsforme.Imadethemmyselfwithredstillthreads,clothsandothermaterials.Theylookreallybeautifulintheshapeofadiamond,about5incheslongand4incheswide.InChina,theseknotsstandforfriendship,loveandgoodluck.Peoplecaneithergivethemasgiftstofriendsorhangthemintheirhouses.Theyareonly12.99USdollarseach.Ifanyonewantstoknowmoreabouttheknots,letthemwritetome.Also,doletmeknowifyouneedfurtherinformation.Thankyou!LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，题目要求你给准备给开网店的美国朋友Tom写封信，请他代卖你的中国结。本文应以一般现在时为主的时态，以第一人称和第三人称为主。要点主要包括以下三个方面：1.外观（尺寸、颜色、材料）；2.象征意义；3.价格。写作时切忌逐句翻译，一定要用合适的连词连接各要点，使之成为连贯的整体。同时尽量使用较多的高级词汇和语法结构，提升文章的层次。【详解】第一步：细读题目要求确定文章的时态与人称。根据提示可知，本文时态应为一般现在时，以第一人称和第三人称为主。第二步：根据写作要求，确定关键词：Chineseknot（中国结）；sellsomeChineseknotsforme；madethemmyself；intheshapeof（是……形状），standfor（代表）等。第三步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意人称，主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，使文章衔接顺畅；另外书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面整洁美观。【点睛】本文要点涵盖全面，句式丰富，语篇连贯。段落层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。还有如宾语从句ifyousellsomeChineseknotsfor-25-me.和两个if引导的条件状语从句ifyouneedfurtherinformation和Ifanyonewantstoknowmoreabouttheknots等高级句式。另外还使用了谓语动词的强调doletmeknow。以上高级句式结构的使用显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。-25-