四川省成都市2023届高三英语摸底测试（零诊）（Word版带答案）

成都市2020级高中毕业班摸底测试英语本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1．答题前，务必将自己的姓名、考籍号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。2．答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。3．答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。4．所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。5．考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。第I卷（100分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanlikeaboutthemomentsafterraining?A.Clearersky.B.Fresherair.C.Closerstars.2.What'sthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.B.Classmates.C.Colleagues.3.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Acoffeebreak.B.Anachingneck.C.Abusyschedule.4.Whatwillthetwospeakersprobablydotomorrow?A.Dooutdoorsports.B.Attendaconcert.C.Checkweatherforecast.5.Whatleadstotheman'sbeinglate?A.Aseriousinjury.B.Arudedriver.C.Atruckaccident.\n第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whydothecouplechoosetoeatout?A.Themeatgoesbad.B.Thefridgeisbroken.C.It'scheap.7.Whatkindofpersonisthewoman?A.Generous.B.Kind.C.Careless.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman'sfather?A.He'sstrict.B.Hetravelsalot.C.Helikesexperiencingcultures.9.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Ataparty.B.Inaclassroom.C.Atalibrary.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whichclubwillthemanprobablyjoin?A.Anunder16sclub.B.Anunder18sclub.C.Anadultsclub.11.Whenwillthemanprobablygettrained?A.MondaysandTuesdays.B.ThursdaysandSaturdays.C.TuesdaysandThursdays12.Whatdoesthemanhavetodotojointheclub?A.Registeronspot.B.Applyonline.C.Emailaphoto.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhyisPeterinvitedtotheinterview?A.Heisgoodatstudy.B.Heinventedatechnique.C.Hebenefitedfromatechnique.14.What'speter'sadviceonusingthePomodoroTechnique?\nA.Takearegularbreak.B.Completealltasksnonstop.C.Dividetheworkandtimeit.15.WhatdoesPeterthinkofthetechnique?A.Advanced.B.Effective.C.Popular.16.Whatmightthewomanprobablydoafterinterview?A.Haveatry.B.Buyatimer.C.PraisePeter.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdoyouknowaboutllamasandalpacas?A.Theyarewild.B.Theyaresociable.C.TheyarefromNorthAmerica.18.Whenwillllamasspit?A.Whenmistreated.B.Whencarryingthings.C.Whenlivinginherds.19.Whatmakesthewoolofalpacasfamous?A.Itsorigin.B.Itsquality.C.Itsprice.20.Whatprobablydoesthespeakerdo?A.Azooguide.B.ATVhost.C.Anewsreporter.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AFancyearningrewardsforgivingyouropinions?Norstatisofferingexactlythat.Whatareyougoingtodo?Participateinsurveyswheneveryouwantandgetrewardedforexpressingyouropinions.ByparticipatinginNorstatpanelsurveys,yougettoinfluencetheproductsandservicesofthefuture.Thispart-timejobiscompletelyflexible,andanexcellentwaytoearnmoney.Howdoesitwork?Eachsurveywillonlytakebetween5~20minutes.Itiscompletelyfreetosignup,anduptoyouwhichsurveysyouwouldliketodo.Youwillberewardedforeachcompletedsurveyandasyourespondtomoresurveys,youunlocknewbenefitsandreceivemorerewards!Completeyourprofile\nsurveytobeinwithachanceofwinningaf20Amazonvoucher(代金券).Whatdoweoffer?Completingsurveyswillearnyoucoins,whichyoucanchoosetospendindifferentways.Youlivebythemotto“cashisking”?Noproblem!Youcanspendyourcoinsonauniversalgiftcardthatcanbeusedathundredsofdifferentstores!Youcanalsouseyourcoinsasadonationtowardsforestplanting.Whatdoweask?·Noeducationbackgroundisrequired.·Don’tbeafraidtogiveyourhonestopinion.There’renoincorrectanswers.·Youhaveaccesstotheinternet,amobilephoneorcomputer.·YouliveintheUK.·Noexperienceisrequired.Areyoutheperfectcandidate?Click“applynow”!1.Whatwillyoudointhejob?A.Signupwithlittlecost.B.Collectsurveys.C.Designbetterproducts.D.Giveyouropinions.2.Whichisamustforthejob?A.Amobilephone.B.AUKresidence.C.Relatedexperience.D.Collegeeducation.3.Wherecanyouprobablyreadthispassage?A.Onawebsite.B.Inamagazine.C.Inatravelguide.D.Onanoticeboard.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍的是Norstat项目。该项目提供的是可以通过发表自己的观点来获得奖励的服务。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Fancyearningrewardsforgivingyouropinions?Norstatisofferingexactlythat.”（想要通过发表自己的观点来获得奖励吗？Norstat提供的正是这种服务。）可知，在Norstat中，你可以发表自己的观点来获取奖励。故选D。\n【2题详解】根据Whatdoweask?部分中的“YouliveintheUK.”（你住在英国）可知，该工作的要求之一是，工作人员必须住在英国。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一句“Areyoutheperfectcandidate?Click“applynow”!”（你是完美的候选人吗?现在点击“申请”！），可知，该信息来自于网站。故选A。BThestepsatthebackofDavidOlson’shouseinNortonShores,Michigan,werebreakingoffandhadtogo.SoonedaylastJuly,Olsonstartedtodosomerepairwork.Hewassurprisedtoseethatthegroundunderneathwassand,notdirt.Evenmoresurprising,therewerethreebowlingballsintheholehe’dmade.“Noway,”Olsonsaidoutloud.Allafternoon,Olsondugoutsandandbowlingballs.AsOlsonreachedthelaststep,hecountedtheballsandwasshockedtoget158.TheballsOlsondugupareBrunswicks,abowlingproductscompanynearwhereOlsonlives.Buthowdidsomanyofthemgetintothegroundbehindhishouse?AlocalwomannamedJudyhadatheory.HerhusbandhadworkedatBrunswickfor48years,testingbowlingballstomakesuretheywerequalified.HetoldJudythatsometimeshomeownerswoulduseunqualifiedballsasfillerfortheirbackyards.Sandandbowlingballswouldn’tbelegallyaccepted,butthecombinationisstructurallysound.Mosthighwaysarebuiltusingthesamebasicprinciple,withpavement(路面)overarockfoundation.Andthatwasn’ttheendofit.WeeksafterpostinghisfindonFacebook,Olsonheardalocalrestaurantaskedtousetheballsinabowlingmatch.Inexchange,Olsonandhiswifecouldplayforfree.Neitherofthemhadbowledinyears,buttheystruggledforawinintheirfirstmatch.Thentheywonagain.AsDavidandMeganOlsonkeptwinning,theystartedtobelievethatthesebowlingballsweremorethanjustastrangebackyarddiscoverybutanamazinggift.4.WhatsurprisedOlsonmost?A.Theballsbelongedtoanearbycompany.B.Thestepsbehindhishousewerebroken.C.Thegroundunderneaththestepswassand.D.Thereweremanybowlingballsunderhisbackyard.\n5.WhatdoweknowaboutbowlingballsinParagraph3?A.Theyareallowedinconstructionbylaw.B.Theyareusedinbuildingmosthighways.C.Theycouldbeareasonableconstructionmaterial.D.Thequalityofbowlingballswerenottakenseriously.6.HowdidtheOlsonsfeelwhentheykeptwinningthematches?AConfident.B.Satisfied.C.Puzzled.D.Lucky.7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Judy’sTheoryB.FamilyMattersC.AnUnexpectedDiscoveryD.BowlingMatches【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文叙述了DavidOlson在修补自家后院的台阶时发现了众多保龄球。原来这些保龄球和沙子结合起来能够当作填充物来填补后院。DavidOlson将其发现发布到脸书，一家餐馆申请使用它们来举办保龄球比赛，DavidOlson夫妻俩可以免费玩。这对他们俩来说保龄球简直是神奇的礼物。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Hewassurprisedtoseethatthegroundunderneathwassand,notdirt.Evenmoresurprising,therewerethreebowlingballsintheholehe’dmade.(他惊讶地发现下面的地面是沙子，而不是泥土。更令人惊讶的是，他挖的洞里有三个保龄球。)”以及第二段的“AsOlsonreachedthelaststep,hecountedtheballsandwasshockedtoget158.(当Olson走到最后一步时，他数了数球，震惊地得到了158个。)”可知，在修补后院台阶时，最让他惊讶的是地底下有许多的保龄球。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“HetoldJudythatsometimeshomeownerswoulduseunqualifiedballsasfillerfortheirbackyards.Sandandbowlingballswouldn’tbelegallyaccepted,butthecombinationisstructurallysound.Mosthighwaysarebuiltusingthesamebasicprinciple,withpavement(路面)overarockfoundation.(他告诉朱迪，有时房主会用不合格的球作为他们后院的填充物。沙子和保龄球在法律上是不被接受的，但是这种结合在结构上是合理的。大多数高速公路都是用同\n样的基本原理建造的，在岩石地基上铺设路面。)”可知，不合格的保龄球和沙子结合在一起能很好地当作填充物，其结构是合理的。因此，保龄球从某种程度来说可以当作一种合理的建筑材料。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“AsDavidandMeganOlsonkeptwinning,theystartedtobelievethatthesebowlingballsweremorethanjustastrangebackyarddiscoverybutanamazinggift.(随着DavidandMeganOlson不断获胜，他们开始相信这些保龄球不仅仅是一个奇怪的后院发现，而是一个惊人的礼物。)”可知，一开始David很不理解怎么地底下还有保龄球，但是通过慢慢了解后才知到它们的用处。而在保龄球被拿去当作比赛用品时，他们还能免费打保龄球且经常赢，他们觉得这些保龄是个神奇的礼物，即他们赢得了比赛感到很幸运。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Hewassurprisedtoseethatthegroundunderneathwassand,notdirt.Evenmoresurprising,therewerethreebowlingballsintheholehe’dmade.(他惊讶地发现下面的地面是沙子，而不是泥土。更令人惊讶的是，他挖的洞里有三个保龄球。)”以及最后一段的“AsDavidandMeganOlsonkeptwinning,theystartedtobelievethatthesebowlingballsweremorethanjustastrangebackyarddiscoverybutanamazinggift.(随着DavidandMeganOlson不断获胜，他们开始相信这些保龄球不仅仅是一个奇怪的后院发现，而是一个惊人的礼物。)”可知，本文围绕着David在后院发现的保龄来讲述整个故事。这是一个意想不到的发现，但却有惊喜的结果。所以短文的最佳标题为“一个意想不到的发现”。故选C项。CForalmostallofhumanhistory,theEarth'spopulationhastendedtobeyounger.ButsincethelastWorldPopulationDayonJuly11,amajorshiftoccurred:Therearenowmorepeopleaged65andolderthanthereareunderagefive.WorldPopulationDaywasestablishedbytheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramin1989tobringattentiontopopulationissues.Havingmorepeopleontheplanetisnottheonlyconcern,though,sinceapopulation'sagestructurematterstoo.Increasedlifetimeisaremarkablehumansuccessstory,buthavingmoreelderlypeoplealsocreatesanumberofsocioeconomicconcerns.Theglobalpopulationwillcontinuetoageasthesetwogroupsgrowinoppositedirections.By2100,thepercentageofthepopulationaged65andolderwillrisetonearly25percent-aboutfivetimesthatofchildrenunderfive.\n“Mostdevelopedcountrieshavebeenagingforacentury,givingthemtimetoprepareforthechanges.Butdevelopingcountrieswillbecomeoldbeforetheybecomerich,”saysresearcherToshikoKaneda.ManycountriesinLatinAmericaandAsiaareagingmuchfasterandhavelesstimeandresourcestopreparehealth-caresystems.Whataretheconsequencesofanolderglobalpopulation?Supportingelderlypeopleismoreexpensivethancaringforyoungones.Pressingissuesariselikehowtoprovidelong-termcare,andmaintainalaborforce.IndevelopedregionslikeEurope,where10percentofthepopulationoverage50ischildless,elderlycareisamajorworry.“Notasinglecountryhasbeenabletochangedecliningtrendsinfertility(生育)despitegovernmentrequestsforpeopletoreproduceashasbeendoneacrossEuropeandinJapan,”Kanedasays.“Theagingtrendiscontinuous.”Butdecliningfertilityratescanhavepositiveeffectstoo,saysKaneda.Whenfertilityratesdeclinebutthepopulationhasn'tagedyet,governmentscanspendmoreonsecondaryandhighereducation,andbenefittheeconomy.BothThailandandSouthKoreahaveseizedtheopportunityduringthisidealperiod.8.Whatdoweknowabouttheglobalpopulation?A.Ittendedtobeyoungeruntilnow.B.Peoplearelivinglongerandhavingfewerkids.C.Agestructuremattersmorethanpopulationsize.D.Developedcountriesarefacingtougherchallenges.9.Whichchartshowstheglobaltrendinthepercentageofchildrenunderfive?A.B.\nC.D.10.What'sKaneda'sattitudetowardstheglobalpopulationissue?A.Critical.B.Objective.C.Optimistic.D.Doubtful.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thedecliningtrendinthefertilityrates.B.Theconsequencesoftheagingpopulation.C.TheestablishmentofWorldPopulationDay.D.Thepresentsituationoftheglobalpopulation.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了关于全球人口的现状。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Therearenowmorepeopleaged65andolderthanthereareunderagefive.”（现在65岁及以上的人比5岁以下的人要多。）以及第五段中“IndevelopedregionslikeEurope,where10percentofthepopulationoverage50ischildless,elderlycareisamajorworry.”（在欧洲等发达地区，50岁以上人口的10%没有孩子，老年人的照顾是一个主要问题。）可知，人们的寿命越来越长，生育的孩子越来越少。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theglobalpopulationwillcontinuetoageasthesetwogroupsgrowinoppositedirections.By2100,thepercentageofthepopulationaged65andolderwillrisetonearly25percent-aboutfivetimesthatofchildrenunderfive.”（全球人口将继续老龄化，因为这两个群体的增长方向相反。到2100年，65岁及以上的人口比例将上升到近25%，大约是5岁以下儿童比例的5倍。）可知，到2100年的时候5岁以下儿童的比例将会下降到老年人口的五分之一。故徐A。【10题详解】\n推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Notasinglecountryhasbeenabletochangedecliningtrendsinfertility(生育)despitegovernmentrequestsforpeopletoreproduceashasbeendoneacrossEuropeandinJapan,”Kanedasays.“Theagingtrendiscontinuous.””（Kaneda说：“尽管政府要求人们像欧洲和日本那样生育，但没有一个国家能够改变生育率下降的趋势”老龄化趋势一直在持续）可知，Kaneda认为老龄化是全世界所不可避免的一个趋势，而且是持续的趋势。所以Kaneda对全球人口问题的态度是客观的。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Foralmostallofhumanhistory,theEarth'spopulationhastendedtobeyounger.ButsincethelastWorldPopulationDayonJuly11,amajorshiftoccurred:Therearenowmorepeopleaged65andolderthanthereareunderagefive.”（在几乎所有人类历史中，地球人口都趋于年轻化。但自7月11日最后一个世界人口日以来，发生了一个重大变化：现在65岁及以上的人口比5岁以下的人口还要多）可知，短文主要是关于全球人口的现状。故选D。DAgemaybejustanumber,butit’sanumberthatoftencarriesunwantedsideeffects,fromfragilebonesandweakermusclestoincreasedrisksofheartdiseaseandcancer.Now,scientistsattheSalkInstitutehaveshownthattheycansafelyandeffectivelyreversetheagingprocessinmiddle-agedandelderlymicebypartiallyresettingtheircellstomoreyouthfulstates.Aslivingcreaturesage,itisnotjusttheiroutwardappearancesandhealththatchange;everycellintheirbodiescarriesamolecularclock(分子钟)thatrecordsthepassageoftime.CellsfromolderpeopleoranimalshavedifferentpatternsofchemicalsalongtheirDNA,calledepigeneticmarkers(表观遗传标志物),comparedtoyoungerpeopleoranimals.Scientistsknowthataddingamixtureoffourreprogrammingmolecules—alsoknownas“Yamanakafactors”—tocellscanresettheseepigeneticmarkerstotheiroriginalpatterns.Thisapproachishowresearcherscandialbackadultcells,developmentallyspeaking,intostemcells(干细胞).Inthenewstudy,IzpisuaBelmonte,aprofessorinSalk’sGeneExpressionLaboratory,andhiscolleaguestestedvariationsoftheapproachinhealthyanimalsastheyaged.ThefirstgroupofmicereceivedtheYamanakafactorsfromthetimetheywere15monthsolduntil22months,approximatelyequaltoage50through70inhumans.Anothergroupwastreatedfrom12through22months,approximatelyage35to70inhumans.Andathirdgroupwastreatedforjustonemonthatage25months,similartoage80inhumans.\n“Whatwereallywantedtoestablishwasthatusingthisapproachforalongertimeissafe,”saysBelmonte.“Indeed,wedidnotseeanynegativeeffectsonthehealth,behaviororbodyweightoftheseanimals.”Comparedtocontrolanimals,therewerenobloodcellchangesinthemicethathadreceivedtheYamanakafactors.Moreover,theteamfoundnocancersinanyofthegroupsofanimals.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reverse”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Maintain.B.Start.C.Change.D.Quicken.13.WhatdoweknowabouttheYamanakafactors?A.Theyconsistoffourreprogrammingmolecules.B.Theycanturnepigeneticmarkersintostemcells.C.Theyhavebeenappliedtolowertheriskofheartdisease.D.TheywerediscoveredbyIzpisuaBelmonteandhiscolleagues.14.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thepurposeofthestudy.B.Theprocedureofthestudy.C.Thebackgroundofthestudy.D.Thesignificanceofthestudy.15.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toreporttheresultofacancerstudy.BTointroduceacureforagingdiseases.C.Toinformabreakthroughingeneresearch.D.Toexplaintheprocessofkeepingmiceyoung.【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了科学家们可以通过将中老年老鼠的细胞部分重置为更年轻的状态，安全有效地逆转其衰老过程。科学家通过分组实验，对不同年龄层的老鼠做了研究，均没有发现有任何消极的影响。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段的“Now,scientistsattheSalkInstitutehaveshownthattheycansafelyandeffectivelyreversetheagingprocessinmiddle-agedandelderlymicebypartiallyresettingtheircellstomoreyouthfulstates.(现在，索尔克研究所的科学家已经表明，他们可以安全有效地reverse中年和老年老鼠的衰老过程，方法是将它们的细胞部分重置为更年轻的状态。)”可知，\n将老鼠的细胞部分重置为更年轻的状态可以有效转变它们的衰老过程，使它们重回年轻状态。因此，此处“reserve”意为“改变”。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Scientistsknowthataddingamixtureoffourreprogrammingmolecules—alsoknownas“Yamanakafactors”—tocellscanresettheseepigeneticmarkerstotheiroriginalpatterns.(科学家们知道，向细胞中加入四种重编程分子的混合物——也被称为“山中伸弥因子”——可以将这些表观遗传标记重置为它们的原始模式。)”可知，山中伸弥因子是由四种重编程分子。故选A项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段整段“Inthenewstudy,IzpisuaBelmonte,aprofessorinSalk’sGeneExpressionLaboratory,andhiscolleaguestestedvariationsoftheapproachinhealthyanimalsastheyaged.ThefirstgroupofmicereceivedtheYamanakafactorsfromthetimetheywere15monthsolduntil22months,approximatelyequaltoage50through70inhumans.Anothergroupwastreatedfrom12through22months,approximatelyage35to70inhumans.Andathirdgroupwastreatedforjustonemonthatage25months,similartoage80inhumans.(在这项新的研究中，萨尔克基因表达实验室的教授IzpisuaBelmonte和他的同事们在健康动物衰老的过程中测试了这种方法的变异。第一组老鼠从15个月大到22个月大时接受了山中伸弥因子治疗，在人类中大约等于50岁到70岁。另一组在12至22个月期间接受治疗，人类年龄约为35至70岁。第三组在25个月大时只接受了一个月的治疗，与人类80岁时的情况相似。)”可知，此段主要介绍了这项新研究进行了三组的实验，每组实验的老鼠是不同年龄层次的。因此本段讲述的是实验的过程。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Now,scientistsattheSalkInstitutehaveshownthattheycansafelyandeffectivelyreversetheagingprocessinmiddle-agedandelderlymicebypartiallyresettingtheircellstomoreyouthfulstates.(现在，索尔克研究所的科学家已经表明，他们可以安全有效地逆转中年和老年老鼠的衰老过程，方法是将它们的细胞部分重置为更年轻的状态。)”以及第二段的“Scientistsknowthataddingamixtureoffourreprogrammingmolecules—alsoknownas“Yamanakafactors”—tocellscanresettheseepigeneticmarkerstotheiroriginalpatterns.Thisapproachishowresearcherscandialbackadultcells,developmentallyspeaking,intostemcells(干细胞).(科学家们知道，向细胞中加入四种重编程分子的混合物——也被称为“山中伸弥因\n子”——可以将这些表观遗传标记重置为它们的原始模式。从发育角度来说，研究人员正是通过这种方法将成年细胞转变成干细胞。)”以及最后一段的““Indeed,wedidnotseeanynegativeeffectsonthehealth,behaviororbodyweightoftheseanimals.”(“事实上，我们没有看到对这些动物的健康、行为或体重有任何负面影响。”)”可知，本文主要讲述了科学家在基因研究方面取得重大进展，能够有效地逆转老鼠的衰老过程。因此，本文是为了介绍在基因研究上的重大突破。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。GoodWaystoLearnaForeignLanguageTherearemanywaystolearnaforeignlanguage.___16___Thefollowingarethreeagreeduponstandardlanguagelearningstyles.Immersionlearning（沉浸式学习).___17___Themostcommonmethodistovisitacountryforalongperiodoftimeandlearnyourdesiredlanguagenaturallythroughbeingforcedtolearntocommunicatewithyourcommunity.Anothermethodistouseaforeignlanguageapponthe“foreign”setting.___18___Casuallearning.Thistechniqueisverypopularamongeducatorsandstudents.___19___Itisusinganapptofamiliarizeyourselfwithbasicvocabulary,phrases,andcontextofalanguage.Thisencouragesyoutohaveforeignlanguageawarenessinyournativesurroundings,andusewhatyouhavelearnedtocommunicate.Peer-to-Peerlanguagelearning.Comparedtoothers,thisisanewertrend,especiallyforadultlanguagelearning.P2Ptechniquemeansemployinganativespeakertoexploreyourcommunitywithyouandhaveconversationsaboutwhatyouareseeinganddoing.___20___Butitdoesinvolvesomebasicmemorizationtechniquesbeforeyouareatastartingpointtobeginworkingwithyourindividualteacher.A.Sowhatiscasuallearning?B.Butwhentoperformcasuallearning?C.Thisissimilartoimmersionlearning.D.Thistechniquecanbeusedinmultipleways.E.Learningaforeignlanguagerequirespatience.\nF.Thebesttechniquestolearnnewlanguagesarestillunderdebate.G.Throughit,youcanreceivelessonsonlyinthelanguageofyourchoice.【答案】16.F17.D18.G19.A20.C【解析】公众号：高中试卷君【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是学习一门外语的好方法。【16题详解】根据前文的“Therearemanywaystolearnaforeignlanguage.”（学习一门外语有很多方法。）可知，学习外语的方法有很多种。到底哪儿一种方法是最好的还仍是有争议的。根据空后的“Thefollowingarethreeagreeduponstandardlanguagelearningstyles.”（以下是三种公认的标准语言学习方式。）可知，设空处应该承接上文并且引起下文，即在众多不确定的学习一门外语的方法中，本文介绍的三种方法是公认的标准语言的学习方式。故F选项“Thebesttechniquestolearnnewlanguagesarestillunderdebate.”（学习新语言的最佳技巧仍在争论中。）符合句意。故选F。【17题详解】根据后文的“Themostcommonmethodistovisitacountryforalongperiodoftimeandlearnyourdesiredlanguagenaturallythroughbeingforcedtolearntocommunicatewithyourcommunity.Anothermethodistouseaforeignlanguageapponthe“foreign”setting.”（最常见的方法是长时间访问一个国家，通过强迫学习与你的社区交流自然地学习你想要的语言。另一种方法是在“外语”设置上使用外语应用程序。）可知，讲述的是沉浸式学习的方式有很多种方法来学习。故设空处应该指出沉浸式学习有很多种方式。D选项“Thistechniquecanbeusedinmultipleways.”（这种技术可以以多种方式使用。）中的this指代的是前文的“Immersionlearning”；同时“multipleways”指代的是下文的两种方法。故选D。【18题详解】根据前文的“Anothermethodistouseaforeignlanguageapponthe“foreign”setting.”（另一种方法是在“外语”设置上使用外语应用程序。）可知，在程序上设定学习某种外语，故只能学习指定的语言。G选项“Throughit,youcanreceivelessonsonlyinthelanguageofyourchoice.”（通过它，你只能学习你选择的语言。）中的it指代的是在语言app，承接上文。故选G。【19题详解】根据空前的“Casuallearning.Thistechniqueisverypopularamongeducatorsandstudents.”（随意的学习。这种方法在教育者和学生中很受欢迎。）可知，本段主要探讨的是Casuallearning\n这一语言学习方法。A选项中“Sowhatiscasuallearning?”（什么是随意的学习方法呢？）与本段的段旨呼应，引出下文对随意的学习这一方法具体内容的解释，故选A。【20题详解】根据前文的“P2Ptechniquemeansemployinganativespeakertoexploreyourcommunitywithyouandhaveconversationsaboutwhatyouareseeinganddoing.”（P2P技术意味着雇佣一个母语为英语的人与你一起探索你的社区，并就你所看到的和所做的进行对话。）可知，这种学习方法与沉浸式学习相似，都是强调的是找寻一个以英语为母语的人一起探讨生活中各个方面，根据空后的“Butitdoesinvolvesomebasicmemorizationtechniquesbeforeyouareatastartingpointtobeginworkingwithyourindividualteacher.”（但是在你开始跟你的老师学习之前，它确实涉及一些基本的记忆技巧。）可知，P2P的语言学习方式又不同于沉浸式学习，P2P的学习还涉及到一些基本的记忆技巧。C选项“Thisissimilartoimmersionlearning.”（这个类似于沉浸式学习）中的this指代的是前文的P2P的学习方法与沉浸式学习相似，都是强调的是找寻一个以英语为母语的人一起探讨生活中各个方面，同时与空后的But形成转折，故选C。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。PorrasandherdaughterElenahavebeentakingweightliftingclassestogetherforfiveyears,thoughElenaisparalyzed(瘫痪)fromthewaistdown.WhenElenawasborn,shewasdiagnosedwithacancerwhich___21___fromimmaturenervecells.Thisresultedinher___22___towalk.Porraswasinsucha(n)___23___thatsheneededtoseeapsychiatrist(精神科医生)herself.Shewas___24___tocreatealong-termplanforlifeandstart___25___.Alocalhealthclubtrainerrecommendedweightlifting.OncePorrasstartedattendingthestrengthtrainingclasses,she___26___Elenawithher,“Shesawmebecome___27___againandstarttohavemycommunity.Iwantedhertobeapartofthat,too.”NowElenadoes___28___trainingwithhermom.Together,theyhavebecomestronger,bothmentallyandphysically.Outoftheirexpectation,amiracle___29___.Monthsago,Porraswasaboutto___30___Elenaintothecarfromherwheelchair,buthadtogobackto___31___thedoor.“WhenIturnedaroundandfoundherinthefrontseat,Iwas___32___.”Porrassaid.“Igotinbymyself,Mom...I’m___33___\nlikeyou.”saidElena.Today,Elenaisinasurvivorshipclinicand___34___numerousteststogetherhealth___35___.However,asElenagetsolder,theyhavetofacemore___36___.Luckily,allofherefforts___37___.“EachyearIfindmyselfmore___38___andmentallystronger,”saidPorras.Meanwhile,Elena’sworkoutshave___39___hergrowth.“Youcanbehappyorsad,butI___40___tobehappy.”saidElena.21.A.excusedB.drewC.sufferedD.developed22.A.inabilityB.potentialC.powerD.reaction23.A.silenceB.depressionC.fearD.anger24.A.orderedB.warnedC.advisedD.determined25.A.dietingB.exercisingC.learningD.recovering26.A.trainedB.replacedC.botheredD.brought27.A.happyB.weakC.proudD.emotional28.A.abilityB.skillC.strengthD.will29.A.beganB.endedC.awaitedD.arose30.A.pushB.carryC.guideD.rush31.A.fixB.lockC.answerD.remove32.A.interestedB.delightedC.astonishedD.frightened33.A.smartB.fastC.flexibleD.strong34.A.setsB.passesC.undergoesD.runs35.A.monitoredB.doneC.improvedD.covered36.A.interruptionB.chancesC.attentionD.challenges37.A.takeoffB.carryonC.payoffD.setup38.A.capableB.efficientC.ambitiousD.creative39.A.witnessedB.checkedC.delayedD.forced40.A.deserveB.chooseC.meanD.try【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.C25.B26.D27.A28.C29.D30.B31.B32.C33.D34.C35.A36.D37.C38.A39.A40.B\n【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是主人公Elena因为患病，导致下半身瘫痪。但即使面对挫折，她的母亲一直陪把她作康复训练，同时Elena一直保持着乐观心态，不断成长。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当埃琳娜出生时，她被诊断出患有癌症，由不成熟的神经细胞发展而来。A.excused推脱，找借口；B.drew画；C.suffered遭受；D.developed发展。根据前文的“shewasdiagnosedwithacancer”和下文“fromimmaturenervecells”可知，该疾病是由于不成熟的神经细胞发展而来。故选D。22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这导致她无法行走。波拉斯非常沮丧，她自己需要去看心理医生。A.inability不能；B.potential潜能；C.power力量；D.reaction回应。根据前文“thoughElenaisparalyzed(瘫痪)fromthewaistdown.”可知该疾病导致她不能行走。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.silence安静；B.depression沮丧，抑郁症；C.fear害怕；D.anger愤怒。根据后文的“sheneededtoseeapsychiatrist(精神科医生)herself.”可知，她是如此的沮丧。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人建议她制定一个长期的生活计划，并开始锻炼。A.ordered命令；B.warned警告；C.advised建议；D.determined决定。根据前文“seeapsychiatrist(精神科医生)herself.”可知，她去看医生，医生建议他要制定长期的生活计划。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.dieting节食；B.exercising锻炼；C.learning学习；D.recovering恢复。根据前文“Alocalhealthclubtrainerrecommendedweightlifting.”可知，制定计划后开始锻炼。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当波拉斯开始参加力量训练课程时，她把埃琳娜也带来了。“她看到我重新变得快乐。”A.trained训练；B.replaced取代；C.bothered打扰；D.brought带着。根据前文的“PorrasandherdaughterElenahavebeentakingweightliftingclassestogetherforfiveyears,”可知Porras带着她的女儿一起做训练。故选D。【27题详解】\n考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.happy开心的；B.weak虚弱的；C.proud骄傲的；D.emotional情感的。根据后文的“Together,theyhavebecomestronger,bothmentallyandphysically.”可知，妈妈是看到女儿在参加训练后是感到高兴的。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在埃琳娜和她妈妈一起进行力量训练。A.ability能力；B.skill技巧；C.strength力量；D.will意志。根据前文的“OncePorrasstartedattendingthestrengthtrainingclasses”可知二人参加的是力量训练。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：出乎他们的意料，奇迹出现了。几个月前，波拉斯正要从轮椅上把埃琳娜抱进车里，但不得不回去锁门。A.began开始；B.ended结束；C.awaited等待；D.arose产生。根据后文的“Porrassaid.“Igotinbymyself,Mom...I’m___13___likeyou.”saidElena.”可知，埃琳娜自己坐到了前座位，故是奇迹出现了。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.push推动；B.carry搬，抱；C.guide指导；D.rush冲出。根据后文的“Elenaintothecarfromherwheelchair”可知，波拉斯正要从轮椅上把埃琳娜抱进车里。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同9小题。A.fix修理；B.lock锁；C.answer回答；D.remove移走。根据后文的“thedoor”可知，波拉斯正要从轮椅上把埃琳娜抱进车里，但不得不回去锁门。故选B。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我转过身，发现她坐在前座时，我惊呆。A.interested感兴趣的；B.delighted愉快的；C.astonished惊讶的；D.frightened害怕的。根据空后的“Igotinbymyself,Mom.”可知，是她自己坐在了前座，故Porras是吃惊的。故选C。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我像你一样的强壮。A.smart聪明的；B.fast快的；C.flexible灵活的；D.strong强壮的。根据前文的“Igotinbymyself,Mom”可知是Elena自己挪到了前座位上，故她表示的是自己跟母亲一样强壮。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，埃琳娜在一家幸存者诊所接受了许多测试，以监测她健\n康状况。A.sets设置；B.passes通过；C.undergoes经历，接受；D.runs跑。根据空后的“numeroustests”可知是接受许多测试。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.monitored监测；B.done完成；C.improved提升；D.covered覆盖。根据前文的“Today,Elenaisinasurvivorshipclinicand___14___numeroustests”可知，是她在诊所中接受了许多测试，以监测她的健康状况。故选A。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着Elena的长大，他们不得不面对更多的挑战。A.interruption打扰；B.chances机会；C.attention注意力；D.challenges挑战。根据前文的“However,asElenagetsolder,theyhavetoface”可知，随着年龄的增长，Elena面临着更多的挑战。故选D。【37题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运地是，所有的努力都得到了回报。A.takeoff起飞；B.carryon继续；C.payoff回报；D.setup建立。根据前文的“Luckily”可知，努力得到了回报。故选C。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每一年我都发现自己更能干，精神更强大。A.capable能够的，胜任的；B.efficient高效的；C.ambitious雄心壮志的；D.creative有创造力的。根据后文的“mentallystronger”可知，她发下自己每一年都越强壮，同时能胜任更多的事情。故选A。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，埃琳娜的锻炼见证了她的成长。“你可以快乐，也可以悲伤，但我选择快乐。”埃琳娜说。A.witnessed见证；B.checked检查；C.delayed推迟；D.forced迫使。根据“hergrowth”可知，是锻炼见证了她的成长。故选A。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.deserve值得；B.choose选择；C.mean意味着；D.try尝试。根据前文的“Youcanbehappyorsad”可知，面对疾病可以快乐也可以悲伤，但她选择了快乐。故选B。第II卷（50分）注意事项：用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。\n第三部分英语知识运用第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Fordecades,schooleducation___41___(lay)toomuchemphasisonthescoreonegetsinexamsandignoredotheraspectsofchildren's___42___(person)developmentsuchasphysicaleducationandbasiclifeskills.Partlyasaresultofthis,manyyoungpeopleare___43___(able)tocookasimplemeal,can'tmanagetheirtimeortheirfinanceswell,anddon'tknowhowtodothelaundryorbasichousekeeping.Inarecently___44___(announce)planoncompulsoryeducation,theMinistryofEducationhasseparated“practicalactivities”___45___thepreviouscourse“comprehensivepractice"andmadethemanindependentcourse.InthecomingsemesterinSeptember,primaryandsecondaryschoolpupilswillfind___46___new“practicalactivities”courseintheirschedule,withatleastoneclasshoureveryweek.Somecomplainthatmuchofpupils'timeandenergymight___47___(occupy),butthefactis___48___learningpracticalskillsisanimportantelementinshapingaperson'scharacter.Ofcourse,thetimeshavechanged.Itmayseemunrealisticandunnecessarytorequireeveryyoungperson___49___(learn)suchthingswhentheycangetmostthingsdonebyclickingonanapp.Butlearninghowtocooktwoorthree___50___(dish)anddesigninganutritiousrecipe,forinstance,areskillsthatcultivatechildren'sindependenceandfosteragoodworkspirit.【答案】41.haslaid42.personal43.unable44.announced45.from46.the47.beoccupied48.that49.tolearn50.dishes【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是几十年来，学校教育过于强调考试成绩，而忽视了孩子个人发展的其他方面。为解决该问题教育部在最近公布的义务教育计划中，教育部将“实践活动”与之前的“综合实践”课程分开，成为独立的课程。\n【41题详解】考查动词。句意：几十年来，学校教育过于强调考试成绩，而忽视了孩子个人发展的其他方面，如体育教育和基本生活技能。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写动词作谓语。句中fordecades意为“几十年来”，表示的是从过去到现在，为现在完成时的时间标志，句中的schooleducation为单数。故填写haslaid。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：同上。设空处应该填写形容词作定语修饰development。person为名词，意为“个人”，其形容词为personal，意为“个人的”，符合句意。故填personal。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：很多年轻人不能做一顿简单的饭。设空处应该填写形容词作表语。根据句意，此处表示的是“不能做某事”。unable意为“不能的”。符合句意。故填unable。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在最近公布的义务教育计划中，教育部将“实践活动”与之前的“综合实践”课程分开，成为独立的课程。句中的hasseparated为谓语动词，设空处应该是用非谓语动词。announce为动词，意为“宣布”，和plan之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词表示被动，同时表示完成。announced意为“被宣布的”，符合句意。故填announced【45题详解】考查介词。句意：同上。句中separatesthfromsth为固定搭配，意为“把…从…分离”，from符合句意。故填from。【46题详解】考查冠词。句意：在9月份即将到来的新学期，中小学生将会在课程表中发现新的“实践活动”课程。new“practicalactivities”course为名词短语，前面需要填写冠词，此处表示特指，故用the。【47题详解】考查被动语态。句意：有些人抱怨说，学生的大部分时间和精力可能被占用了，但事实是，学习实用技能是塑造一个人的性格的一个重要因素。occupy为动词，意为“占据，占有”，其和muchofpupils'timeandenergy之间是被动关系，同时该空放于might之后，故应该使用情态动词的被动语态。故填beoccupied。【48题详解】考查表语从句。句意：同上。设空处置于系动词is之后，引导的是表语从句。that\n在引导名词性从句的时，在从句中不做成分，无意义，只起到引导作用。故填that。【49题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当年轻人可以通过点击应用程序完成大部分事情的时候，要求他们学习这些东西似乎是不现实的，也是不必要的。句中的mayseem为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。requiresbtodosth为固定搭配，意为“要求某人去做某事”。填tolearn。【50题详解】考查名词。句意：但学习如何烹饪两三道菜和设计一个有营养的食谱，是培养孩子的独立性和良好的工作精神的技能。设空处需要填写名词作宾语。dish为可数名词，意为“菜”，根据前文的twoorthree可知此处应该使用复数。故填dishes。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1．每处错误及修改均仅限一词。2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Today,Iwaswalkingtoworkonabusystreet.Ipassedbyblindelderlyladysittingincoldwind.Seenheroldfaceandsightlesseyes,Istoppedimmediately.ThenItookoutsomemoney,benddowntoherlevelandgentlypressedthemintoherhand.Theladyslightnoddedherheadwithappreciations.Ifeltblessedbutmovedon.Thissmallinteractionhelpedwithmeunderstandthemeaningofgiving.Howablessingitistobekindnesstothoseinneed.【答案】1.by后加a2.Seen→Seeing3.bend→bent4.them→it5.slight→sightly6.appreciations→appreciation7.but→and\n8.去掉with9.How→What10.kindness→kind【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述是作者在上班的路上帮助一个老人的经历。【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：我路过一位坐在寒风中失明的老妇人。句中elderlylady为可数名词，在文中第一次出现，应用不定冠词泛指，且blind发音以辅音音素开头，故在by后加a。2.考查非谓语动词。句意：看到她苍老的脸和失明的眼睛，我立刻停了下来。句中see和I之间是主动关系，且表示伴随。故应该使用现在分词作状语。故将Seen改为Seeing。3.考查时态。句意：然后我拿出一些钱，弯下腰，轻轻地把钱塞到她手里。整篇文章描述的是过去发生的事情，故使用一般过去时。句中bend为动词原形。故将bend改为bent。4.考查代词。句意：同上。此处的代词指代的是money，money是不可数名词。故将them改为it。5.考查副词。句意：那个老妇人微微点了点头，表示感激。句中slight为形容词，意为“轻轻的”，句中应该使用副词修饰动词nod。故将slight改为slightly。6.考查名词的数。句意：同上。句中appreciation为不可数名词，意为“感激”，故将appreciations改为appreciation。7.考查连词。句意：我感到很开心，然后继续前行。根据句意，句中的feltblessed和movedon之间是并列关系，故应该使用and连接。故将but改为and。8.考查动词。句意：这个小小的互动让我明白了给予的意义。句中的help为及物动词，后面可以直接加宾语me，不需要接介词with。故将with删除。9.考查感叹句。句意：善待那些需要帮助的人是多么的幸福啊！根据句子结构可知，句中是对名词ablessing进行感叹，故应该使用感叹句引导词what。该单词置于句首，首字母应该大写。故将How改为What。10.考查形容词。句意：同上。根据句子结构，句中应该使用形容词作表语，bekindtosb对某人友善。故将kindness改为kind。第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.假定你是李华。某英文报正面向高二学生举办题为“Hello,SeniorThree!”的征文比赛。请从以下几个方面谈谈你对高三的想法。1．学习方面；\n2．生活方面；3．自我期望。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Hello,SeniorThree!________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Hello,SeniorThree!Hello,everyone!ItismygreathonortooffermythoughtsaboutSeniorThree.AsfarasIamconcerned,thereareseveralimportantaspectsthatyouneedtofocusonthroughoutthelastyearofyourseniorhighschoollife.Firstofall,everysecondcountsforSeniorThreestudents.Settingafuturegoalhelpsyoukeepfocusedandsticktowhatreallymatters.Secondly,asourschoollifeisbecomingmoreandmorechallenging,notonlymustyouworkhardtoacquireasmuchknowledgeaspossible,butyoualsohavetofosterefficientandeffectivelearningmethodsandhabits.What’smore,gettingactivelyinvolvedinclassandreviewingwhathasbeentaughtafterclassarereallybeneficialtoyou.Lastbutnotleast,workingouteverydayandhavingabalanceddietcanensureyourhealth.Ibelieveweallcanachieveourdreamsaslongaswemakeenoughpreparations.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华。某英文报正面向高二学生举办题为“Hello,SeniorThree!”的征文比赛。请从以下几个方面谈谈你对高三的想法。【详解】1.词汇积累方面：aspect→perspective关注：focuson→concentrateon坚持：stickto→persistin参与：getinvolvedin→takepartin2.句式拓展\n合并简单句原句：Firstofall,everysecondcountsforSeniorThreestudents.Settingafuturegoalhelpsyoukeepfocusedandsticktowhatreallymatters.拓展句：Firstofall,sinceeverysecondcountsforSeniorThreestudents,settingafuturegoalhelpsyoukeepfocusedandsticktowhatreallymatters.【点睛】[高分句型1]AsfarasIamconcerned,thereareseveralimportantaspectsthatyouneedtofocusonthroughoutthelastyearofyourseniorhighschoollife.(运用了定语从句)[高分句型2]Settingafuturegoalhelpsyoukeepfocusedandsticktowhatreallymatters.(运用了动名词作主语)听力答案：1—5ABCBC6—10ACCBB11—15CACCB16—20ABABA