北京市顺义区2021-2022学年高三英语下学期第二次统练试题（Word版附答案）

顺义区2022届高三第二次统练英语试卷第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Iloveanimals.SowhenDr.Vanninisaidhisvethospitalneededhelp,Iwas___1___.Ivolunteeredtocleanupandhelpinseveralmedicalprocedures.ButthemomentIwillnever___2___camewhenanemergencywasrushedthroughthefrontdoor.Aretriever(寻回犬)wasindeep___3___.Acheck-uprevealedthatshehadababydevelopinginherbodybutnoheartbeatcouldbedetected.Itwasassumedthatherpuppy(小狗)hadnot___4___.Theretrieverwouldneedimmediate___5___tosaveherlife.Icouldn’ttakemyeyesoffDr.Vannini’shandsasshestoppedthebleedingandrepairedthedog’svitalorgans.Neartheendofthesurgery,somethingcaughtmyeye.IthoughtIsawthe___6___puppymove.Icouldn’tkeepstillandwhispered.Thepuppyhadindeedshownaspark(火花)oflife!We___7___tookaction.Soon,hewasupandmoving.Itwasa(n)___8___feelingtoholdthisnewlifeinmyhands.TheexperiencewasespeciallymeaningfulformebecauseaweekearlierIhadwitnessedthe___9___,theendoflife.Mybeloveddog,Scamper,finallydiedofalifelongweaknessofheart.Healmost_____10_____ittosix.Scamperwasagreatdog,atruefriend,andIwillneverforgethim.SeeingthenewpuppyandhismotherleavethehospitalissomethingIwillneverforgeteither.1.A.shockedB.puzzledC.delightedD.depressed2.A.suspectB.forgetC.encounterD.seize3.A.confusionB.thoughtC.sufferingD.sorrow4.A.survivedB.jumpedC.barkedD.waked5.A.supportB.responseC.comfortD.surgery6.A.homelessB.lifelessC.carelessD.faultless7.A.quicklyB.finallyC.softlyD.roughly8.A.ashamedB.formalC.boredD.incredible 9.A.eventB.growthC.oppositeD.accident10.A.madeB.gaveC.liftedD.held【1~10题答案】【答案】1.C2.B3.C4.A5.D6.B7.A8.D9.C10.A第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。WorldHealthDayiscelebratedeveryyearonApril7,thefoundingdayoftheWHO.____11____(establish)in1950,thiseventhasathemeeachyeartodrawattentiontoacurrentworldhealthissue.Thedayisalsousedtohighlightthe____12____(important)ofpersonalhealth.Forcommonpeople,wecantakesomeextrasteps____13____(care)forourhealthlikegettingagymmembership(andgoing!)orstartingadiet.【11~13题答案】【答案】11Established12.importance13.tocareB阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。InMarch2018,acoupleopenedthefirstZeroGreeninBristol,____14____(sell)foodandhouseholditemsentirelywithoutpackaging.Shoppers____15____(encourage)tobringtheirowncontainerstotaketheirshoppinghome.Althoughtherewasalotoftrialanderror,plusadditionalchallenges,theybelieve____16____theyaredoingisasustainablebusinessmodel.【14~16题答案】【答案】14.selling15.areencouraged##wereencouraged16.whatC 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Skijumping____17____(feature)ineachWinterOlympicssince1924.Comparedwithotherskisports,skijumpingis____18____(safe)becauseit’sasingleandindependentaction.Skijumpersneedtojumpoffahighplatformalone,____19____requiresastrongwillandfocus.Inadditiontomentalstrength,flexibilityisvital____20____skijumpers.Theyneedtostretchouttheirbodiesandkeepapostureforalongtimewhilegoingdownfromaramp.【17~20题答案】【答案】17.hasfeatured18.safer19.which20.for第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMakeItModular:StudentDesignChallenge!Imagineyourcommunityasamaterialbank,richwithresourcestoreuse.Howcouldyouimprovethebuiltenvironmentbyupcyclingwaste,circulating(循环)existingmaterials,orregeneratingnature?Yourchallengeistodesignastructurethatmeetsaneedinyourcommunitynowbutcouldalsoberepurposedlater.“Designingfordeconstruction”involvesamodularapproachinwhichbuildingelementscouldbeeasilyreconfigured,reimagined,andrepurposedovertime.Yourdesignshould:•Includeanapproximately20’longx8’widex9.6’highvolumetricmodule•Berelevanttooneofthefollowinguses:*AffordableHousing*Covid-eraPublicSpace*ReimaginedOutdoorClassroom•Approachthetaskwithareal-worldperspective,demonstratingskillsandknowledgefromone ormoreofthefollowingfields:architecture,engineering,construction,and/ortheskilledtradesRequirements:1.Opentostudentsages13-21andcurrentlyenrolled(入学)inhighschoolorhomeschooled.2.AllentriesMUSTsharetheentrant’sgradelevelintheintroductorystep.3.SubmissionsmustbeenteredbetweenMarch7,2022,andJune20,2022.IfyouhaveneverpostedanInstructablebefore,pleaserefertoHowtoWriteanInstructableguideformoreinformation.Theprizesareintendedasscholarshipfundstosupportthewinners’education,suchastuition,books,room&boardortransportation.Entrieswillbejudgedbasedonthefollowingcriteria:*3DDigitalLiteracy(能力)andDesign;*EngineeringMindset;*Real-worldRelevance;*Presentation.Readthefullcontestrulesformoredetails.21.Accordingtothepassage,thedesignscan______.A.beusednowandrepurposedlaterB.beplacedinamaterialbankC.besubmittedonAugust20,2022D.berelatedtoartandliterature22.IfastudenthasneverpostedanInstructablebefore,whatshouldheorshedo?A.Contacttheorganizers.B.Quitthedesigncontest.C.Refertoanonlineguide.D.Readthefullcontestrules.23.Whatcanwinnersdowiththeprizes?A.Toenrollinahighschool.B.Topayfortuitionandbooks.C.Topolishhispresentation.D.Toimprovethebuiltenvironment.【21~23题答案】【答案】21.A22.C23.BB WilliamFlahertywasdiagnosed(诊断)withHLHwhenhewas3.It’sanoften-fataldiseasewheretheimmune(免疫的)systemattacksthebody’sorgans.ThedoctorgaveWilliam9.5(onascaleof1to10,1isyou’resuperhealthyand10isyou’redead),whichhitthefamily.Thereweredayswhentheydidn’tknowifhewouldlivethrough.InAprilof2008,Williamgotabone-marrow(骨髓)transplantfromhisolderbrotherCharles.Therecoverfromittooklong.Hehadalotofaftereffectsandevenhad22ofhisteethpulled.Atfive,Williamskiedforthefirsttime.Ithelpedalotwithlowbonedensity(密度)andgothimbackingoodshape.Oneyearlater,WilliammovedtoPuertoRicoandfellinlovewiththeisland.WhenhebroughtuptorepresentPuertoRicoinAlpineskiing,hisfriendslaughed.PuertoRicodoesn’thavesnow.ButWilliamdidn’tquit.However,itwastoughforWilliamtobalancehistrainingwithmedicalappointmentsandgoingtoschool.Sohedidaschoolprogramtotallyonline.Hewenttoalotofcampsandtherewerelotsofearlymorningslike4:00AMalarmclock.ButhehasmanagedtomaintainstraightAssincehalfwaythroughthirdgradeandheplanstoheadtocollegetostudyaerospaceengineering.Evenacoldcanlayhimupfortwoweeks,soWilliamtookextrapre-cautionsoverthelasttwoyears.Whiletraining,heworeanN95maskthewholetimeandcouldn’tridetheliftwithanyone.Aftertraining,hecamehomedirectly,hidinhisbedroomandstayedawayfrompeople.In2022,the17-year-oldboyhashadmorethan30operations.Havingpreparedfor7yearshefinallymadeittothestartinglineatBeijingOlympics.“Skiingisreallyhelpfulbecauseitforcesmetofocusononething,”hesaid.“Ireallywanttoprovetoalltheothertransplantsurvivorsthattheycandowhatevertheywantinlife.”24.WhydidWilliamFlahertystartskiingattheageoffive?A.Toimprovehealth.B.Toentertainhimself.C.Tofollowhisfamily.D.TojoinintheOlympics.25.WhydidWilliamdecidetorepresentPuertoRicoinAlpineskiing?A.Becausehisfriendssupportedhim. B.BecausehelovedskiingandPuertoRico.C.Becausethatcouldhelphimenteragoodcollege.D.BecausePuertoRicohadbettertrainingenvironment.26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeWilliamFlaherty?A.Braveandkind.B.Hopefulandhelpful.C.Passionateandshy.D.Optimisticandhardworking.27.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.SkiingLifeofaTeenager.B.PreparingWellfortheOlympics.C.SurvivingfromSevereIllness.D.DefeatingDiseasetoDeliverHope.【24~27题答案】【答案】24.A25.B26.D27.DCAnageingpopulationisaglobalphenomenon.Countriesarelookingforthebalmtoaddressthedemandsofaswellingelderlycommunity.Manynationsarethreatenedbyashortageofhealthcareworkersbecauseofunenviabletaskssuchasbathing,feedingandchangingthediapers.Advancementsintechnologynowpresentaninnovativesolutiontothis.Japanhasnowdevelopedcarebots,specially-designedrobots,toreplacehumancaregivers.Japanisalsoworkingatmorecoordinatedcarefortheelderlywithinthecommunitywhichincludestheintegrationofhospitals,homecare,elderlycarecentresandnursinghomes.Puttinginplaceasystemthatcaneffectivelytrackandretrievethemedicalhistoryofeveryelderlyperson,Japanleveragestechnologytoprovidequalityhealthcarefortheseniors.TheuniquefeatureaboutSwedenisthatmostoftheelderlyliveintheirownhomeswheretheycontinuetoenjoylivingindependently.Localgovernmentsallocatefundsandmanageserviceswhilecitizenshavethefreedomtochoosethetypeofhomeservicesandtheirserviceprovider.Theycanapplyforhomecareservicesincludingdeliveringmealstohomes,hangingcurtains,changinglightbulbsetc.InSweden,thefocusisalsoonpreventivecare—keepingtheelderlyhealthy.Theelderlywhoareillarenotjustgivenmedicinesbutalsoaspecifictypeofphysicalactivity,wheretheirdoctorsalsomonitortheoutcome.Singaporealsoprovidesmorehomecareservicesandday-carecentreswheretheolderpeoplecangoforrehabilitativeandsocialactivities.Besides,thegovernmentiscreatingmoredementia-friendly communities,wheresupportcomesfromthecommunity.Variouspeoplewithinacommunitylikepolicemen,shopkeepersandothervolunteersaretrainedtoassisttheelderlywithdementia(痴呆).Withgreatercommunityawarenessandsupport,itismoreplausibleforadementiasufferertostayathomeinsteadofanursinghome.Inoursearchforthebestmodeltomeetthedemandsofaburgeoningageingpopulation,letuskeepinmindthatthereisnoone-size-fits-allsolution.Whatisimportantisshoulderingtheresponsibilitiesofcaringforthemandensuringthemtoagewellandcomfortably.28.HowdoesJapandealwiththeproblemoftheshortageofhealthcareworkers?A.Byofferingqualityhealthcarefortheseniors.B.Bytrackingthemedicalhistoryofeveryelderlyperson.C.Bydevelopingrobotsprogrammedwithcaregivingfunctions.D.Byintegratingplaceslikehospitals,homecare,andnursinghomes.29.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoSwedenandSingaporehaveincommon?A.Optionalcareservicesarebothprovidedfree.B.Independentlivingisrespectedandsupported.C.Preventivecarefortheelderlyishighlyvalued.D.Socialactivitiesandvoluntaryhelpareenjoyed.30.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Modelsforgivingtheelderlycare.B.Countrieswithanageingpopulation.C.Responsibilitiesofcaringfortheelderly.D.Demandsofagrowingelderlycommunity.【28~30题答案】【答案】28.C29.B30.ADAneconomist,AdamSmith,famouslywrotethat“itisnotfromthebenevolence(慈善)ofthebutcher,thebrewerorthebaker,thatweexpectourdinner,butfromtheirregardtotheirownself-interest.”LikeSmith,manyeconomiststodaybelievethatone’sself-interestiswhatdrivescompetitionandgrowthinmarketeconomies.Yet,inanincreasinglyinterconnectedsociety,itisevenmorecrucialtohavecollaborativeskills.Thusweshouldencouragecooperationtobetterprepare childrenforthefuture.Firstly,inthepresentagemarkedbythetransformativepotentialoftechnologytofacilitateinteractions,cooperationisanespeciallyprizedsoftskilltohave.Asaresearchstudyproves,softskillssuchasgoodcommunicationandempathyconsistofqualitativeindicatorsofoutstandingemployeesascomparedtotechnicalskillsorknowledge.Incontrast,excessively(过分地)competitiveandindividualisticbehaviourmayfracturesocialrelationsinthecommunityofco-workersandsincenomanisanisland,eventhemostcompetentemployeewillnotbeabletopursuehisgoalseffectivelywithoutthehelpofotherswhoareabletoshareacommonvisionandunderstanding.Moreover,encouragingcooperationincreaseahealthysenseofself-esteeminchildrenthatbetterpreparesthemforthecompetitiveworkingworld.Manymodernsocietiestodayareconsumedbyanobsessivedriveforsuccessandthepressuretoperformhasinfiltratedbothclassroomsandofficesalike.Theconsequencesofthefiercecompetitivecultureincludehigherratesofanxietyanddepressionamonguniversitystudentsandofficeworkers,whichareallcounterproductive.Teamworkcanhelpamaturingindividualrealisethateachhashisorherownuniquesetofabilitiestobringtothetableandthatanotherperson’sstrengthsdonotinanywaydiminish(降低)thevalueofhisorhertalents.Thus,cooperationcanaffirmtheself-worthofchildrenbycorrectingtheviolentinsightthatwinningorpaperachievementisanexclusive(唯一)measureofsuccessinlife.However,criticsmayclaimthatinacutthroatworld,adaptingtocompetitionshouldbeofsupremepriorityineducationandparenting.Toachieveone’sdeepestambitions,suchastobecomeamedicalstudent,ortocreateatechstart-up,onehastoadoptcompetitionbyactivelyfightingforopportunitiesanddistinguishingoneselffromothers.Nevertheless,sincepassioncanalreadystimulatechildrentoworkhardtofulfilltheirambitions,theneedtoencouragecompetitionmaybeattheendoftheday.Asmuchasexternalcompetitioncandrivepeopletopursueexcellence,internalmotivationisatleastequallyorarguablyevenmoreessential,andcollaborationplaysaninstrumentalroleinhelpingoneuncoverone’stendencyandmotivations.31.WhatcanbeinferredfromAdamSmith’swords?A.Oursocietyisincreasinglyinterconnected.B.Ourdinnerismadeoutoftheregardstomarkets.C.Self-interestpushesthedevelopmentofeconomies. D.Thebutcher,thebrewerorthebakerisnotsympathy.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fracture”meaninparagraph2probablymean?A.Deepen.B.Establish.C.Maintain.D.Damage.33.Whichofthefollowingmighttheauthoragreewith?A.Paperachievementisanexclusivemeasureofsuccess.B.Confidenceandambitionscanbeachievedthroughcooperation.C.Activelyfightingfordistinguishingoneselfisahealthycompetition.D.Competitionisnotessentialforpeopletopursueexcellence.34.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthispassage?A.Tointroduceparentstheadvantagesofcooperation.B.Toinformparentstobalancecooperationandcompetition.C.Topersuadeparentstocareabouttheirchildren’seducation.D.Totellparentstoencouragetheirchildrentolearntocooperate.【31~34题答案】【答案】31.C32.D33.B34.D第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenyouneedtofindasolutiontoadesignproblem,youcouldaskyourself,“Whatanimalsorplantsfaceasimilarproblemintheirlives,andhowdotheyhandleit?”____35____Termites(白蚁)inAfricacontrolthetemperatureandaircurrentsintheirnestsbyhavingthickwallsandairspacesinthetoppart.TheEastgateCentreinHarare,Zimbabwewasdesignedinasimilarway,withthickoverhangsshadingthewindows,andalltheofficesconnectedtoabigchimneylettinghotairescape.Thisallowsittostaycoolwhileusingmuchlessair-conditioning.____36____EngineerNakatsualsoaskedhimselfthesamequestion.____37____Akeenbirdwatcher,Nakatsurealisedthatkingfishersalsoexperienceanabruptpressurechangewhendivingintothewater,buttheirbeaksallowthemtopiercethroughthewatersmoothly.Histeamfoundthatputtingalong,pointednoseonthetraingreatlyreducedtheloudboomsinthetunnelandallowedittorunfaster.Havingabigpictureoftheworldweliveinalsohelpsusunderstandhowtechnologycanbeused toprotectinsteadofdestroyit.____38____Ontheotherhand,plasticpackagingcreatesalotofwasteandpollution.Onecompanyhascomeupwithanalternativematerialmadeofcomhuskwasteandsomebigcompaniesarestartingtouseit.____39____Nakatsuworriesthatchildrentodaydonothavetheopportunitytotouchandfeelnature.Headvisesthatstudentsinuniversityshouldstudymorethanonenarrowfieldsothattheydonotjusthaveonefixedwayofthinking.A.Innature,everythinggetsrecycled.B.Tomimic(模仿)nature,wemustbefamiliarwithit.C.Itturnsoutthatnaturalbeautyoftenhasalogicalreasonbehindit.D.Largecitiesfullofpeopleareoftencomparedtoants’colonies(群).E.Thisideawasusedtoarrangehundredsofmirrorsatasolarpowerplant.F.ItcouldbeagoodsolutionforthehotandcrowdedcitiesinSoutheastAsiatoo.G.Hisproblemwasthatthepressurefromabullettrainrushingintoatunnelathighspeedcausedloudnoises.【35~39题答案】【答案】35.D36.F37.G38.A39.B第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。“Chooseyourfriendswisely”maynotonlybegoodparentaladvicebutalsoawaytodobetterincollege,aresearchstudyfinds.Researchersprovethatstudentswhobefriendstudiouspeersspendmorehoursstudyingthemselvesandposthighergradesduringtheirfreshmanyear.It’simportanttoclarifythathavingsmartfriendsisn’tasimportantashavingstudiousfriendsinthisstudy.Theresearchersdidn’tfindthatfriends’gradesmattered.Whatinfluencedastudent’scollegegradeswerehisorherfriends’highschoolstudyhabits.Tobesure,studentswithhighergradestendtohavebetterstudyhabits.Theyalsofoundthat,foreveryadditional10hoursaweekthatastudent’sfriendshadspentstudyinginhighschool,onaverage,thestudent’sownstudytimeincollegewouldlikelyincreasebyalmost25minutesaday,andthestudent’sownGPA(GradePointAverage)wouldlikelyrisebyalmostatenthofapointduringfreshmanyear.Almostidenticalresultsareamongfreshman roommatesrandomlyassignedbythecollege,whichconfirmsthatpeersareactuallyinfluencingstudyhabitsandechoingthefriendshipanalysis.Theresearcherscontrolledforgender,raceandprioracademicachievementandfoundthatthepositiveinfluenceofstudiouspeerswassimilarforbothhighachievingandlowachievingstudents.ThedifferencebetweenaBandB+averageis0.3points,sostudiousfriendsareonlynudginggradesupabit.Thatmeanspeersarejustoneofmanyfactorsinfluencinghowwellstudentsdoincollege.Soshouldweencourageparentstopicktheirkids,friendsincollege?“Thisisoneoutcome-GPA.Thereareotherthingsinlife,saidMehtawhoadmitstoselectingstudiousfriendswhenhewasincollege.40.Whatdoresearcherssuggeststudentsdoincollegeinthisstudy?41.Howcanstudiousfriendshelpastudentdobetterincollege?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.▶Thestudyshowedthatthepositiveinfluenceofstudiouspeerswasonlyforhighachievingstudents.43.Besidespeerpressurewhatdoyouthinkisthemostimportantfactorthathelpsimproveyourgrades?(Inabout40words)【40~43题答案】【答案】40.Chooseyourfriendswisely./Befriendormakefriendswithstudiousstudents.41.Byinfluencingthestudent’sstudyhabits.42.Thestudyshowedthatthepositiveinfluenceofstudiouspeerswasonlyforhighachievingstudents.Theresearchersfoundthatthepositiveinfluenceofstudiouspeerswassimilarforbothhighachievingandlowachievingstudents.43.Inmyopinion,studyhabitsisthemostimportantfactorthathelpsimprovegrades.Becauseabetterstudyhabitcanmakeyouself-disciplineandbecomeabettertimeplanner,whichcaninreturnbenefityouunderthelimitedtimeduringschool.第二节（20分）44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim在邮件中提到他将来的生活，也想了解你的职业设想，请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.你想从事的职业； 2.选择该职业的原因；3.实现该目标的方法。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【44题答案】【答案】DearJim,Havingheardaboutyourplanforthefuture,I’mhappytoshareminewithyou.Becomingajournalisthasalwaysbeenmydream.WhenIwasachild,Ithoughtitwasagreatjobasitofferedjournalistslotsofchancestotravel.Overtime,Ihavecometofeelthattheresponsibilitiesofrevealingfactsandspreadinginspiringstoriesmakethejobmoremeaningfulandattractive.Inmyopinion,writingabilityisveryimportantforajournalist,soIpractiseitalmosteveryday.Inaddition,IplantostudyjournalismatCommunicationUniversityofBeijingandcurrentlyIampreparingfortheentranceexam.How’syourlifenow?Hopetohearfromyousoon.Yours,LiHua