北京市顺义区2022届高三英语下学期一模考试试题（Word版附答案）

顺义区2022届高三第一次统练英语试卷第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Thursdaywouldbehuge.ButwhencoachannouncedthechampionshipgamewouldbeanightgameonThursday,Devin'sheart___1___.Theconcertwasatthesametimeasthegame.AndMs.Poltishad___2___Devintosingabriefsolo(独唱).Thinkingthesoccerteamwasontheedgeofatitleandhewasabigreason—he___3___theleagueinscoring,Devinfrowned(皱眉).Hecouldn'tdisappointhisteamby___4___thegame.Thatnight,Devinlayinbed,staringatthetrophies(奖杯)fromraces,baseballleaguesandfree-throwcontestswhich___5___hisshelves.Thesolowasonlyfourlinesinthemiddleofasong,butthethoughtofsinging___6___madehimshiver(颤抖).He'dneversungasolobefore.Nowitwasarelieftoknowhedidn'thaveto.Thesoccergamewasaperfect___7___.WhileatthemomentMs.Poltis'wordscametohismind"Ichoseyounotbecauseyou'rethebestsingerbutbecauseyouworkhard,likethepersoninthesong.Andyouhaveaverynicevoice.Sodon'tbenervous.Beproud."Itwasnosecretthatseveralotherchoirmembershad___8___singingvoicesthanhedid.Buthelikedthesong,andhe___9___howkindandinspiringMs.Poltisalwayswas.FinallyDevinmadeachoiceandwhisperedthesolowith____10____,"nomatterhowhardthestruggle.Iwillneverletyoudown…"1.A.bledB.sankC.hurtD.beat2.A.taughtB.allowedC.chosenD.ordered3.A.ledB.wonC.joinedD.formed4.A.watchingB.playingC.enteringD.skipping5.A.linedB.piledC.coveredD.decorated6.A.loudlyB.outsideC.aloneD.proudly7A.platformB.requestC.conditionD.excuse8.A.louderB.strongerC.softerD.deeper,9.A.appreciatedB.acceptedC.confirmedD.praised10.A.tensionB.patienceC.sorrowD.confidence第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Five-year-oldNaomilostherteddybearonahikingpath___11___theautumnof2020.TeddywasthefirstgiftNaomi’sparentsgavetoher.Despite___12___(constant)checkingwiththelostandfound,herfamilydidn’tgetthebearback.Fortunately,Ranger(护林员)Tom,___13___monitorsactualbearactivity,cameacrosstheteddybear.Hekeptitandrodewithit___14___afriendofthefamilyspottedthebearandhelpedsenditbackhomenearlyayearlater.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Starch(淀粉)isthemostimportantcomponentofhumanfood.Recently,Chinesescientistshavecreatedstarch___15___(use)CO2,hydrogenandelectricity.Labtestsshowthatitisabout8.5timesmoreefficientthanstarch___16___(produce)bytraditionalagriculture.Inthenearfuture,manycountries___17___(benefit)fromthetechnology.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。GBOWSisthelargestresearchandpreservationfacilityforrareandendangeredplantsandanimalsinAsia.Forfuturestudy,theresearchershavetocollecttherareplantandrecord___18___(detail)oftheplant,includingwhereit___19___(find),itssizeandthenumberofindividualplantsinthehabitat.AtGBOWS,seedsarestoredinglassbottlesandplacedinhugefreezersat-20℃.Eachcontainerhasalabel___20___(enable)scientiststoviewinformationabouttheseedsinside.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A,2018WildlifePhotographeroftheYearwasSouthAfricanSkyeMeakerwinnerofa45,000entrycompetition,just16yearsofage.SkyehasbeenpublishedovertheyearsinprintmedianotjustforhisphotographybutalsovoicinghisopiniononconservationinSouthAfricaandtheneedformoreyoungphotographersoutthere.ForSkye,photographyisnotjustaboutthecompetitionsenteredandwonbutalsotheplatformitaffordshimtocreateawarenessaboutournaturalworldandconservingitinthelongterm.HereispartofaninterviewtoSkyefromtheRationalPerspective.Host:Howdoyougettohavetheabilitytoseetheseanimalsinthewild?Skye:Well,I'vebeenfortunateenoughthatmyparentsaresopassionateaboutthebushthatit'sjustaby-productofmegoingonadventureswiththemthatI'vebeenabletopursuemyphotographybecauseit'snotsomethingthateverykidwilllike.Iwantwildlifephotography.Soit'squiteauniquesituationforme.It'ssomethingthatIhavebeenbroughtupandsomethingI'vebeenfortunatetoexperience.Host:Howdoyoutakeagoodpictureofaleopard?Skye:IhadbeenfollowingLimpy(theLeopard)formanyyearsandsheholdsaspecialplaceinmyheart.Ihadgrownalongsideher.Forme,theperfectshotisonewhereIfeelasifI'mnotreallythere.It'sonewheretheanimaliscomfortableenoughtobehaveasifI'mnotthere.Iliketofeelimmersedinthemomentandcapturenatureatitsmostnatural.IliketofocusonwhatIwouldliketoseeinthemomentandwhatIfeel.SoinmywinningpictureIsawthepeaceandtranquillityofthe,moment,andthat'swhatItriedtocapture.21.WhatdoesSkyethinkofphotography?A.Aplatformtoshowneeds.B.Awaytogaingoodreputation.C.Achancetogetclosetonaturalworld.D.Aplacetoraiseawarenessofconservation.22.WhichofthefollowingenablesSkyetoobservewildanimals?A.Hislearningexperience.B.Winningthecompetition.C.Adventuringwithhisparents.D.Hisphotographyknowledge.23.WhatistherealreasonforSkype'ssuccess?AHestayedinthewildpeacefully.B.Hecapturedtheanimaltotakepictures.C.Hefoundaspecialplacefortheanimal.D.Hetookthephotooftheanimalinitsnaturalstate.BIthasalwaysbeenhorribleformetopicturemylifeinoldage.Myrecentvisitstotheseniorcarecenter,however,easedsomeofmyfearsandprovidedvaluablefoodforthought.Lookingformeaningfulwaystospendmyweekendsaftermyexams,Isigneduptoaprogramofartsandcraftsfortheelderlyrunbymyschoolmates.IwasinformedthattheRenciNursingHome,wheretheprogramwouldbeheld,housedsomeofthelessfortunateelderlyinSingapore.Somebackgroundresearchgavemetheimpressionthatmanyofthemsufferedfromphysicalissuesandhadlittlefamilysupport.Asaresult,Iexpectedtheatmospheretheretobediscouraging.And,judgingbythelackofinterestinthepaintingactivities,Itrulysensedafeelingofpurposelessnessthere.Giventhatweliveinasocietyinwhichthebondsbetweenthegenerationsareweakening,perhapsthedisappointingatmosphereinthehomewasn’tsurprising.Thepeoplewerecutofffromthetiesthatmakelifemeaningful.Isitsafetosaythenthatourlivesafterretirementwilllikelyfeelaimless?ButafterIspoketoaPortuguese-Chineseman,Ithoughtthatthiswasn’tnecessarilyso.Attheageof90,hedisplayedasurprisinglystrongsenseofcontroloverhislife.Hislivelinesswasexceptionalamongtheelderlypopulationinthehome.Hehadspenthislifeeithertravelingaroundtheworldasabackpacker,orworkinghardinSingaporetosaveupforhistrips.Hehadmadeitaruletolearnforeignlanguages,,exerciseandeathealthily—somethinghecontinuedtododuringhisstayinthenursinghome.WhilehespoketomeabouthowhistimeinLondonhadshapedhisviewofculturaldifference.Ilookedintohiseves.IknewthatthiswasthekindofcontroloverlifethatIwantedformyself.Idon'twanttospendhalfofmytimewanderingaboutinforeigncountrieslikehedid,butIdowanttoappreciatetherichnessthatlifehastooffer.24.WhydidtheauthorgototheRenciNurseryHome?A.Becauseitwasrunbyhisschoolmates.B.Becausehemeanttolearnartsandcrafts.C.Becausehewantedasignificantweekend.D.Becauseithousedsomelessfortunateelderly.25.Beforetheauthorenteredthenursinghome,hethoughtitwas_______.A.aplacefilledwithdepressionsB.aplacesolvingphysicalproblemsC.aplacefullofimpressiveactivitiesD.aplaceconnectingdifferentgenerations26.Whatmainlyhelpedtheauthorchangehisattitudetowardoldage?A.Thehardworkoftheelderly.B.Thelivelinessofanoldman.C.Theviewofculturaldifference.D.Thecareofthenursinghome.27.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.CaringfortheElderly.B.LivingbyHisOwnLaw.C.TravelingonOurWayD.PreparingfortheOldAge.CDoescollegeyearseemalongwayoff?Whataboutseveralyearslater?Thesearethedatestolooktowardwhenplanningyourcareer.Thepossibilitiesarepreparedespeciallyforthosewhoseethebigpictureandhaveinsighttoresearchtheiroptions.Studentspickoccupationsformanyreasons.Yetchoosingsomethingthatsimplysoundsexcitingmaynotbethebestoption.Familiaritywithacareerdoesn’tautomaticallymakeitagoodprofessionforyou.Althoughnoonecanpredictthefuture,itmakesmoresensetoeyetrendsintheeconomyandtheworkplacebeforemakingthatcriticaldecision.Pickingtherightfieldwillmakelandingadreamjobafterschoolareality.Havingtheabilitytoseethebigpictureiskey.Highschoolgraduatesshouldresearchthejobsthatwillbeindemandin10to20yearstodeterminethebestfuturecareersastheyconsiderfurther,schooling.Accordingtooneguidancecounselor“Thekeywordwouldbe‘explore’.Exploreeveryoption—don’tlimityourselforsellyourselfshort.Thinkthatyoucandowhateveryouwanttodo.”Choosingacareercanbecomplicatedbecauseoftoday’srapidlychangingworld.AccordingtoNextStepMagazineup-and-comingjobsare,notsurprisingly,inhealthcareincludingdentists,medicalscientists.homehealthaides,etc.Whenchoosingacareerinhealthcare,considerhowattainableitis.Howlongwillittaketocompletethenecessaryprogram?Alsoconsiderthesalary,status,andqualityoflifeofthatprofession.Somejobsrequirelonghours,weekends,andholidays,whileothershavemoretraditionalhours.Sometimesajobissignificantlymoredifficultortediousthanitappears.Selectingacareerbecauseyouwanttomakeadifferenceinothers’livesbecomesunsettlingwhenyourealizethatcrucialchangesmaynotbepossibleduetocomplicatedreasons.Ajob’stotalcompensationpackagecanbecriticaltoo.It’snotjustaboutthesalary.It’sabouthealthcarebenefits,paidvacation,retirementplans,stockoptionsandotherperksoftenavailabletoeducatedandspeciallytrainedindividuals.Keepingyouroptionsopen,evenifthecareerdecisionseemsobvious,canworktoyouradvantage.Continuetoresearchresponsibilities.Toavoiddisappointment,thinkahead,andtrytopredictwherethevoidswillbeinthecareermarket.28.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,studentsshould__________.A.considertheirdreamscriticallyB.haveinsightintotheircollegeyearC.researchbeforemakingjobdecisionsD.choosegoodprofessionsautomatically29.Asforjoboption,whatwouldtheauthorsuggesthighschoolgraduatesdo?A.Pickprofessionsinhealthcare.B.Makeadifferenceinothers’lives.C.Avoidoccupationsbasedoninterests.D.Comparedifficultiesofdifferentjobs30.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Possibilitiesoffindingagoodprofession.B.Factorstobeconsideredforplanningacareer.C.Abilitiestobeneededforfutureemployment.D.BenefitsofpickingarightoccupationDTheideaofunpluggedrunningisgainingsteaminthefitnesscommunity,asrecentstudiesshow,thatbeingaddictedtotrackingfitnessmetricscanleadtonegativemindsetsandoutcomes.EoinWhelan,aseniorlecturerinbusinessinformationsystemsattheNationalUniversityofIrelandGalway,exploresthepsychologybehindengagementwithsocialmediaandfitnesstrackingapps.“Peoplearegettingmoreenjoymentoutofgatheringthedataandanalyzingthatandsharingitwithotherpeople”,WhelantoldCNN,addingthatthereisabigelementofsocialcomparisonforthosewhousefitnesstrackingapps.“Peoplewillcomparethemselvestopeoplewhoarebetterthanthem,whoarerunningfasterorrunninglonger.Andultimatelyweknowthatmakesthemfeelbad.”Whelanalsonotedthatpeoplewhoareveryreliantonsmartwatches.fitnesstrackersorfitnessappsaremorelikelytoskiptheirworkoutifthebatteriesontheirtrackingdevicesaredead.It’slikewecan’tinterpretourownbodysignals.Wearebecomingverydependentonthetechnologytoactuallydothatforus.Whenyouasksomeoftheathletesasimplequestionlike“howdidyousleeplastnight?”theycan’tanswerunlesstheylookatthedata.Otherresearchesshowthattoomuchscreentime,includinglookingatoursmartwatchorfitnessapps,hasnegativeimpactsonmentalhealth.Theinformationpeoplegatherfromsmartwatchesandworkouttrackingappscancontributeto“informationoverload”problems.Havingaconstantflowofinformationduetotechnologycanleadtostress,anxiety,lossofsleep,depression,andmore.Themoreweallownotificationsandalertstobeckon(吸引)us,themorestressandanxietychemicalsarereleased,makingusonedgeandourmentalandemotionalsystemsarefloodedwithamessagethatsays,“checkmenow”.Someexpertsadvocateustocreatescreen-freezonesaswellastaking“techbreaks”,whereweseta15-or30-timerduringwhichwedon’tcheckourphone.Thetimelimittellsourbrainthatwecancheckthephonesoonandreducestheanxietyoffeelingwehavetocheckinallthetime.Runningwatch-freeisbeneficialformorethanjustthecasualjoggerorweekendwarrior.Someprofessionalsalsohavehadsuccesswithleavingtheirwatchesathome.WelshrunnerSteveJonesfamouslysetaworldrecordatthe1984ChicagoMarathonwithoutwearingawatch.Helatertoldjournalistshedidn'tevenknowhewasonworldrecord-paceuntilhecrossedthefinishline.It’snotallnegative,though.Otherstudiesshowtherearemanyupsidestousingfitnesstrackers.Whenusingthesetechnologies,somepeopletendtoexerciseforlongerandatahigherintensityaswell,whichisallgoodfortheirphysicalwell-being.Soditchingthedatamightnotbebestforeveryone.,31.AccordingtoWhelan,whydopeopleinvolvethemselvesinfitnesstrackingapps?A.Becausetheyfailtointerprettheirownbodysignals.B.Becausetheywanttolearnfromthosewhoexercisebetter.C.Becausetheyskipworkoutwhentheirbatteriesrunout.D.Becausetheygainsatisfactionwhentheyseethedata.32.Whatcould“techbreaks”doforus,accordingtoWhelan?A.Theyenableourmindtorelaxforawhile.B.Theyallowustocheckourphoneatanytime.C.Theyexposeourmindtocrowdedinformation.D.Theyreleaseanxietychemicalsaffectingus.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ditching”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Tracking.B.Abandoning.C.Analyzing.D.Collecting.34.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Runningwatch-freegivespeoplemoremotivation.B.Professionalrunnersdonotwearawatchwhiletraining.C.Informationoverloadhasbadeffectsonourmentalhealth.D.Thesetbacksofrunningwatch-freeoutweighthebenefits.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。AlternativemedicinehasbecomemuchmorepopularintheWestinrecentyears.___35___Andtheyareturningtotreatmentssuchashomeopathy,yoga,andacupuncture（针灸）tocomplementorsometimesevenreplacethewesternmedicine.Acupunctureisbasedontheideathatenergyflowsthroughthehumanbodyalong12linesormeridians（经络）,whichendupattheorgansinthebody.___36___Toremovetheblockage,anacupuncturistinserts（插入）veryfineneedlesintothebodyatpointsalongthemeridians.Thisstimulatestheflowofenergy,andrestoresthepatient'shealth.Acupunctureonlyreallybecamewell-knownintheWestinthe1970saspeoplebegantotravelmorefrequentlybetweenthetwoareasoftheworld.___37___Howeverinthelastfewyearsithasbecomemoreestablishedasanalternativetowesternmedicaltreatments,sinceclinicaltestshave,shownthatacupunctureiseffectiveforsomeconditions.___38___Manysportspeoplehaveexperimentedwithacupuncturewhenfightinginjury.MartinaHingis,thefamoustennisplayer,hadawristinjurycuredthroughtreatment,andNBAlegendKobeBryantalsousedacupunctureonhisleg.Itisalsousedtotreatdepression,stressandanxiety.___39___Inthepastsomepeoplehaveexperiencedallergicreactions,brokenneedlesandevenpuncturedlungswhilebeingtreated,althoughthisisveryuncommon.A.Thetreatmentisoftenusedtorelieveheadaches,dentalpain,etc.B.Illnessistheresultofablockageoftheenergyflowtotheseorgans.C.Thetreatmentisthoughttoincreasethebody'sresistancetoinfection.D.IntheFarEast,acupunctureisusedtotreatawiderangeofcomplaints.E.However,beforeyougo,checkiftheacupuncturistisqualifiedandregistered.F.Atfirst,doctorsintheWestoftendoubtedaboutthemedicalvalueofacupuncture.G.Itseemsthatpeoplearebecomingincreasinglyworriedaboutthesideeffectsofdrugs.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40，41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Somepeopleseecolourswhentheyheardifferentsounds.Othersseecolourswhentheyseewordsandnumbersprintedinblackandwhite.Theseinterestingpeoplearecalledsynaesthetes,andwhattheyexperienceiscalledsynaesthesia.AstudyattheUniversityofSussexisfindingouthowlearningtoseesoundsascoloursorthinkoflettersincolourcouldimproveyourIQandmemory.Oneofthestudyleaders,DrBorsaysthatcarryingoutthesetestshasgiventhemtheopportunitytofindoutmoreabouthowpeopleusedifferentkindsofmemory.DrBorbasedhislatestresearcharoundsomethingscientistsalreadyknowalotabout—"chunking".Heexplainsthatthisisawayofbreakinglargepiecesofinformationintosmallerunits,tomakeiteasiertoremember."WhenIgiveyoumyphonenumber,01274737215,youprobablyrememberitas01274737215,orsomethingsimilar.Ifyoucanremember012andthefirst74,youcanremembertherest.Youcangetsomeamazingbenefitsfromchunking!"Thisisreallyimportantforunderstandingsynaesthesia.DrBorsaysthatsynaesthesiaaddsextrainformationtothingsthataredifficulttoremember,suchaslettersandnumbers,orextracolours.This,helpsusrememberthingsbetter.AndDrBor'sownstudyofoneamazingperson,whohasbothsynaesthesiaandaverystrongmemoryadvantage,supportsthisideaaswell.Thestudybeganasawaytotestwhethersynaesthesiaisconnectedtogreaterabilitiestodocertainthingsandaimedtocreateawayoflearningsynaesthesiatodevelopbenefitsforeveryone.Aftertraining,peoplewereabletopassthenormalsynaesthesiatests,andtheirIQjumpedupabout12points!ButDrBorsaystheyneedtotesttheincreaseinIQwithdifferentgroupsofpeopleapartfromcleverstudentswhotookpartinthisstudy.40.Accordingtothepassage,whendopeopleexperiencesynaesthesia?41.Howcansynaesthesiahelpimprovememory?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy?DrBorhasprovedthattheIQofpeoplefromdifferentgroupswasabletoimproveabout12pointsafterlearningsynaesthesia.43.Besidessynaesthesia,whatdoyouthinkaresomeotherwaystoimproveyourmemory?（Inabout40words）第二节（20分）44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim对中国学生的寒假生活很感兴趣，请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件。内容包括：1.介绍寒假相关信息；2.说明自己的寒假安排。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua,【答案】1.B2.C3.A4.D5.A6.C7.D8.B9.A10.D【答案】11.in##during12.constantly13.who14.until##till##before【答案】15.using16.produced17.willbenefit【答案】18.details19.wasfound##isfound20.toenable【答案】21.D22.C23.D【答案】24.C25.A26.B27.B【答案】28.C29.D30.B【答案】31.D32.A33.B34.C【答案】35.G36.B37.F38.A39.E【答案】40.PeopleexperienceSynaesthesiawhentheyseecolourswhilehearingdifferentsoundsorseeingwordsandnumbersprintedinblackandwhite.41.Byaddingextrainformationtothingsthataredifficulttoremember,suchaslettersandnumbers,orextracolours.42.DrBorhasprovedthattheIQofpeoplefromdifferentgroupswasabletoimproveabout12pointsafterlearningsynaesthesia.DrBorhasprovedthatcleverstudents’IQwasabletojumpupabout12pointsafterlearningsynaesthesia.DrBorsaystheyneedtotesttheincreaseinIQwithdifferentgroupsofpeopleapartfromcleverstudentswhotookpartinthisstudy.43.言之有理即可。Possibleanswer：Inordertoimproveourmemorywecandonewthingsandchangeourdailyhabitstokeepourbrainactive.WecanalsotrytomemorizesomethingnewandplayMathspuzzletogetlotsofregularexercise.44【答案】DearJim,I’mverygladtointroduceChinesestudents’wintervacationtoyou.,WintervacationusuallystartsinJanuaryandendsinFebruary.ItisthetimewhentheweatherinthenorthisthecoldestandtheSpringFestival,themostimportanttraditionalfestivalforChinesepeople,iscelebrated.ThiswintervacationwillbeextremelyexcitingforasportsfanlikemebecauseIwillenjoywatchingthe2022WinterOlympicGames.Besides,asaseniorthreestudent,Iwillschedulemystudyandfollowittomakemyholidaymorerewarding.Whataboutyourrecentholiday?Doyouhaveanythinginterestingtoshare?Lookingforwardtohearingfromyou.Yours,LiHua