内蒙古呼和浩特市2022届高三英语下学期一模考试试题（Word版附答案）

2022年呼和浩特市高三年级第一次质量数据监测英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、座位号涂写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。3.考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AHowcoolcanlibrariesbeinanera(时代)ofiPodsandKindles?Morethanyouthink.Onlyifyouknowwheretogo.²CentralLibrary:Seattle,Washington,UnitedStatesTheCentralLibraryinSeattleismodernandfashionableandhastouristsfromaroundtheworldpayingvisitsandtakingtours.ItwasdesignedbyDutcharchitectRemKoolhaasandAmericandesignerJoshuaRamus.Toursbeganin2006,twoyearsafteritsopening.Thelibraryholdsvariousartexhibitions,booksigningsandotherevents,whilevisitorscanstopbytheChocolatecartforacoffeeandscanthroughthegiftshopanytime.²TrinityCollegeLibrary:Dublin,IrelandTheTrinityCollegeLibraryinDublinistheoldestlibraryinIreland,foundedin1592byQueenElizabethI.Itisthelargestsinglelibraryintheworld,alsoknownastheLongRoom,whichcontainsmorethan200,000ofthelibrary’soldestbooks.TheLongRoomhousesoneoftheoldestharps(竖琴)inIreland.Datingtothe15thcentury,theoldharpisthemodelforthesymbolforeland.²GeiselLibrary,UniversityofCalifornia:SanDiego,UnitedStatesAtfirstglanceitlookslikeaspaceship.ArchitectWilliamPereira,whohelpeddesignactualspacelaunchfacilitiesatCapeCanaveralinHouston,Texas,designedthelibraryin1970.Ithasbeenfeaturedinsci-fifilms,shortstoriesandnovels.Thelibraryhosts“DinnerintheLibrary”,which,invitesreadersforcocktails,andalsoaspecialspeechfromdistinguishedauthors.²TUDelftLibrary:TheNetherlandsThelibraryattheDelftUniversityofTechnologywasconstructedin1997andhasmorethan862,000books,16,000magazinesubscriptionsanditsownmuseum.Thebuildingitselfexistsbeneaththeground,soyoucan’treallyseetheactualLibrary.Whatmakesitinterestingistheroof,whichisagrassyhill.Theroofcovers5,500squaremeters.Andithasbecomeoneofthemoststrikingandgreeneststructuresinthearea.1.WhatcanyoudoinCentralLibrary?A.Youcanbuysouvenirs.B.Youcandrinkcocktails.C.Youcanenjoysci-fifilms.D.Youcanseetheoldharp.2.WhatmakesGeiselLibrarydifferentfromtheothers?A.QueenElizabethIfoundedthelibrary.B.Ithasareoffergrassyhill.CFamouswritersoftendeliverspeechesthere.D.Itisthelargestsinglelibraryintheworld.3.Whichofthefourlibrarieshasthelongesthistory?A.CentralLibrary.B.TrinityCollegeLibrary.C.GeiselLibrary.D.TUDelftLibrary.BIwasdoingsomeChristmasshoppinginatoystoreanddecidedtolookatBarbiedollsformynieces.AnicelydressedlittlegirlwasexcitedlylookingthroughtheBarbiedollsaswell.Asshewaslooking，alittleboycametothePokemontoys.Hewasdressedneatly，buthisclotheswereobviouslyold.Hewaswithhisfatheraswell，andkeptpickingupthePokemonvideotoys.Eachtimehepickedoneupandlookedathisfather，hisfathershookhisheadandsaid，“No.”ThelittlegirlhadchosenherBarbie.However，shestoppedandwaswatchingthem.Ratherdejectedly，theboyhadtogiveupthePokemontoysandchoosesomethingelse.ThelittlegirlputherBarbiebackontheshelf，andranovertothePokemontoys.Sheexcitedlypickeduponeandracedtowardsthecheckout.Ipickedupmypurchasesandgotinlinebehindthem.Then，muchtothelittlegirl'sdelight，thelittleboyandhisfathergotinlinebehindme.Afterthetoywaspaidfor,andbagged，thelittlegirlhandeditbacktothecashier(收银员)andwhisperedsomethinginherear.Thecashiersmiledandputthepackageunderthecounter.Ipaidformypurchasesandwasrearrangingthingswhenthelittleboycameuptothecashier.Thecashiercheckedhispurchasesandsaid，“Congratulations，youaremyhundredthcustomertoday，andyouwinaprize！”Withthat，shehandedthelittleboythePokemontoys，andhecouldonlystareinsurprise.Itwasexactlywhathehadwanted!Thelittlegirlandherfatherhadbeenstandingatthedoorwayduringallofthis.Thentheywalkedout.AsIwalkedbacktomycar，Iheardthefatheraskhisdaughterwhyshehaddonethat.I'llneverforgetwhatshesaidtohim.“Daddy，didn'tGrandparentswantmetobuysomethingthatwouldmakemehappy？”Hesaid，“Ofcoursetheydid，honey.”Towhichthelittlegirlreplied，“Well，Ijustdid！”IfeelveryshockedtohavewitnessedthetruespiritofChristmasinthattoystore，intheformofalittlegirlwhounderstandsmoreaboutthemeaningofthisfestivalthanmostadultsIknow.4.Theunderlinedword“dejectedly”inthesecondparagraphprobablymeans__________.A.disappointedlyB.delightedlyC.excitedlyD.unexpectedly5.HowdidthelittleboygetthePokemontoys?A.HisfatherboughthimthePoknemontoys.B.Fortunately，hewasthehundredthcustomerandwonthePoknemontoys.C.ThelittlegirlboughtthePoknemontoysforhim.D.ThecashierfeltsympathyforthelittleboyandgavehimthePoknemontoys.6.Whatdidthelittlegirlmeanwhensaying“Daddy，didn'tGrandparentswantmetobuysomethingthatwouldmakemehappy？”A.HerGrandparentswantedhertobehappy.B.ThePoknemontoysmadeherhappy.C.Makingthelittleboyhappymadeherhappy.D.HerGrandparentshopedthatshecouldhelpothers.7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?AthestoryhappenedbeforeChristmas.,B.ThelittleboyhadnotenoughmoneytobuythePoknemontoys.CTheauthorwasdeeplymovedbythebehaviorofthelittlegirl.D.AlthoughthelittlegirllikedthePoknemontoysverymuch，shegavethemtotheboy.CForgenerations,thestandardwaytolearnhowtorideabicyclewaswithtrainingwheels.Butinrecentyears,manyparentsprefertotraintheirkidswithbalancebikes,two-wheelersthatenablechildrentodevelopthecompetenceneededforbicycling.Giventhebenefitsofbalancebikes,whydidittakesolongforthemtoreplacetrainingwheels?Thereareplentyofotherexamplesinwhichignoredsolutionsthatinvolvesubtraction(减法)turnouttobebetteralternatives.InsomeEuropeancities,forexample,urbanplannershavegottenridoftrafficlightsandroadsignstomakestreetssafer.LeidyKlotz,anengineerattheUniversityofVirginia,noticedthatreformativedesigns,inwhichelementsareremovedfromanexistingmodel,wereuncommon.SohereachedouttoAdams,asocialpsychologist,totrytofigureoutwhythiswasthecase.Thetworesearchershypothesized(假设)thattheremightbeanexplanation:whenfacedwithaproblem,peopletendtoselectsolutionsthatinvolveaddingnewelementsratherthantakingexistingcomponentsaway.Adams,Klotzandtheircolleaguessetouttotestiftheirhypothesiswascorrect.Theresearchersfirstcarriedoutasetofstudies.Inone,theyasked91participantstomakeapatternsymmetrical(对称的)byeitheraddingorremovingcoloredboxes.Only18peopleusedsubtraction.Inanother,theteamscannedthroughideasforimprovementsubmittedtoanincominguniversitypresidentandfoundthatonly11percentof651projectplansinvolvedgettingridofanexistingregulation,practiceorprogram.Thesefindingssuggestthat“additivesolutionshavesortofapriority”,saysBenjaminConverse,aco-authorofthestudy.“Subtractivesolutionsarenotnecessarilyhardertoconsider,buttheytakemoreefforttofind.”Fornowtheteamhopesthatthesefindingswillencouragepeopleacrossvariousfieldstothinkaboutsubtractiveoptionsthatmightbetypicallyignored.“Thehopeisthat,justbygettingpeopletothinkaboutthismore,maybeitwillhelpinspiresomeotherignoredsubtractions,”Conversesays.8.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph1?A.Topresentaproblem.B.Tointroducethetopic.,C.Togivesomeexamples.D.Toputforwardaconcept.9.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Balancebikesarenotgoodfortrainingkids.B.Peopleusedtolearnridingbikeseffortlessly.C.Parentsnowtrainkidstoridebikespointedly.D.SomeEuropeancitiesignoretheirgovernance.10.WhatdoesConversesayaboutsubtractivesolutions?A.Theyaresuperiortoadditivesolutions.B.Theyareoftenharmfulforcreativity.C.Theyarealwaysoverlookedbyourbrain.D.Theyareoftenpreferredbyconservatives.11.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ANewWayofManagementB.ATrendofAvoidingRegulationsC.ANewConceptofProblem-solvingD.AStudyonProblem–solvingMethodsDAnewstudysuggeststhatlongperiodsinspacecancausethehumanhearttoshrink(萎缩).Thestudy—byateamofAmericanresearchers—comesastheU.S.makesplanstobuildalong-termbaseonthemoonandpreparestosendastronauts(宇航员)toMars.PartofthestudywasbasedontheexperiencesofretiredastronautScottKelly.TheU.S.spaceagencyNASAsaysthatduringhiscareer,KellyspentmoretimeinspacethananyotherAmericanastronaut.OneofKelly’sstaysaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)lasted340days.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofTexas’SouthwesternMedicalCenter(UTSouthwestern)inDallasanalyzed(分析)physicaldatacollectedduringScott’slongstayaboardtheISS.Thegoalwastolearntheeffectsofweightlessnessonhearthealthandperformance.TheteamfoundthatduringKelly’sstayinspace,theleftventricle(心房)ofhisheartshrankabout0.74gramsperweek.Dr.BenjaminLevineisaprofessoratUTSouthwestern.Hewastheleaderoftheresearch.Inastatement,heexplainedthatbecauseoftheconditionsinspace,theheartdoesnothavetoworkashardtopumpblooduphillfromthefeet.Overtime,thiscancauseshrinkage.Inanefforttokeeptheir,musclesandbodieshealthyinspace,astronautsarerequiredtoperformdifferentkindsofexercisesthroughouttheirstay.Reductionsinheartsizearealsoseeninpatientswhospendlongperiodsinbedbecausetheyarelyingflatandtheheartdoesnothavetoworkashardtopump.Asecondpartofthestudyexamineddatafromalong-distanceswimmerwhospentnearlyayeartryingtocrossthePacificOcean.Theswimmer,BenoitLecomte,waschosenbecauseheswammorethan2,800kilometerover159days.Levinesayslong-distanceswimminghassimilareffectstoweightlessnessbecausewaterpressureworksagainsttheforceofgravity.ThestudyshowedthatduringLecomte’sswim,hisleftheartventricleshrankabout0.72gramsperweek.12.Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheirstudy?A.Byinterviewingastronauts.B.Byexaminingcollectedinformation.C.ByexperimentingaboardtheISS.D.Bycomparingpeopleindifferentfields.13.Whatareastronautsaskedtodotokeeptheirheartsfitinspaceaccordingtothetext?A.Dovariousexercises.B.Stayinspaceforlesstime.C.Standontheirheadssometimes.D.Havemorehealthyfood.14.Whoisleastlikelytosufferfromashrunkheartaccordingtothetext?A.Apatientwhospendsalongtimeinbed.B.Along-distanceprofessionalswimmer.C.Anastronauttravellinginspaceforlong.D.Arunnerwhotrainshard.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.U.S.BuildsaLong-termBaseinSpaceB.NewWaystoFightHeartDiseasesC.LongSpaceflightsCanShrinktheHeartD.Long-distanceSwimmingCanKeepYourHeartHealthy第二节（共5小题；每题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。DestinationUnknownCheap"blindbox"planeticketsbecomeapopularchoicefortravel.Apromotionoffering$15planeticketsisbeingadvertisedbyanonlinetravelplatform.Whilesuchalowpricesoundsamazing,thereisjustonerule.____16____Labeledasa"destinationblind,box"onthesite,ticketsareboughtthrougharathersimplebookingprocedure.Passengersprovidetheirtravelinformation,selectadepartureairportandthenpaytheirmoneytobooktheticket.____17____Butoncethey"lockin"theirtickets,there'snomoneygoingback."Planeticketblindbox"isnowahottopicontheonlineplatforms.HenryFan,amarketingexpertsaid,"Ibelieveyoungpeopleareabigtargetgroupforthispromotion,becausetheynotonlyenjoythethrilloftheunknown,butalsoliketoshowofftheirlivesthroughthesetypesofcommercialactivities.____18____Whatmattersisthatitsuggeststhatonehas'adventurous'and'life-loving'qualities."Manynetizenssharethescreenshots(截图)ofticketstheyhavedrawn.____19____Someothersclaimitistooraretodrawaticketthatisideal."Ifitwantstobeaprofitableactivity,thereleaseoftheticketsmusthavebeenplannedaheadandisnotasrandomasitseems.____20____Themarketingcampaignmayalsobeaimedatthefastsaleofsometicketsfromlesspopularairlinesthatwereoriginallynotthatexpensive.Iftheysellalargequantityoftickets,thecompanymaystillearnaprofiteventhoughthepriceislow,"saidanexpertintourism.A.Itwillnothavepopularairlines.B.Itdoesn'tmatteriftheyfinallygoornot.C.Thepromotionhasbecomeahottopiconsocialmedia.D.Theupcomingholidayisexpectedtobeamajortravelperiod.E.Ifthedateanddestinationareunsuitable,usersmayaskforarefund.F.Someeventeachthebookingprocedureunderthefreecancelingpolicy.G.Thepurchaserisnottoldwheretheflightisheadingorwhenitwilltakeoff.第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。Maryusesawalkingstick.Benjaminrecentlylearnedhowtowalk.Maryis99.Benjaminis2.Theneighborsmayseemlike____21____friends,butduringthepandemic(疫情),theyformedaunique____22____atthefencebetweentheirhousesinMinneapolis.“Benjaminjustturned2yearsold.We’vebeen____23____withMarylongbeforehewasborn,”Benjamin’smom,SarahOlsonsaid.Theydidn’tseeMarymuch,____24____lastyearwhenthe,COV1D-19pandemic____25____andthefamilyhadtostayhome,Marywassomeonetheycould____26____—outside.Duringthepandemic,theOlsons____27____playedintheiryard,andMarywouldbeinhers.Benjaminwould____28____Marywhenhesawherintheyardandtheywouldplaygames.There'sa97-year____29____gap,butBenjamindoesn’tseeit.“She’sjustMary,or‘Mimi’,”Sarahsaid.“We’reinsideandhe’llgo,‘Mimi?Mimi?’andwe'llgooutsideand______30______Mary.ThenMarywillcallout,‘HeyBenjamin!’How______31______asceneitis!”ForMary,whowascompletely______32______duringthepandemic,afriendwasjustwhatsheneeded.ItseemsMaryhas______33______achildlikespiritwithBenjamin,playingwithbubblesandevenwaterguns.Morethanayearaftertheyfirststarted______34______together,BenjaminandMarystill______35______eachother'scompany.BenjaminandMary'sfriendshiphas______36______somanybecausepeopleliketoseerelationshipsformso______37______foryoungpeopleandelderlypeople.“Wedidn'thavetoworkonitatall;itjust______38______,”Sarahsaid.“Friendshipcanbe______39______insomanydifferentways.I’mreallyhappythey’vedevelopedthisfriendship,”shesaid.“Itissucharewarding______40______forbothofthem.”21.A.unfaithfulB.unlikelyC.closeD.special22.A.bondB.habitC.beliefD.impression23.A.strangersB.friendsC.neighborsD.relatives24.A.butB.soC.becauseD.or25.A.continuedB.endedC.hitD.faded26.A.visitB.seeC.recognizeD.invite27.A.seldomB.oftenC.onceD.never28.A.talkaboutB.makeroomforC.tendtoD.runoverto29A.ageB.cultureC.generationD.knowledge30.A.lookintoB.lookthroughC.lookafterD.lookfor31.A.strangeB.familiarC.sweetD.awkward32.A.differentB.forgottenC.independentD.alone,33.A.rediscoveredB.brokenC.understoodD.accepted34.A.chattingB.playingC.workingD.learning35.A.ignoreB.imagineC.missD.enjoy36.A.amusedB.shockedC.touchedD.puzzled37.A.naturallyB.quicklyC.obviouslyD.normally38.A.remainedB.changedC.matteredD.happened39.A.establishedB.spoiledC.betrayedD.improved40.A.coincidenceB.experienceC.practiceD.lesson第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Beijing,togetherwithZhangjiakou,succeededingettingthechancetohostthe2022WinterOlympicGames,____41____speedsupthedevelopmentofZhangjiakouCity.WordcamethattheBeijing-Zhangjiakouhigh-speedrailway,____42____(locate)inNorthChina,isnow____43____construction,andisexpectedtobecompletedby2020inpreparationforthecitiestohostthe2022WinterOlympicGames.StartingfromBeijingNorthRailwayStationandheadingwestthroughtheGreatWall,theprojectis____44____(probable)thebiggestchallengeever.Itsdesignerssaythattheexplosionsneededtodigthetunnelswillnothaveanegativeeffectonthestructure.Therailwaylinehasa____45____(long)of174kmasadouble-trackpassageline,withtenstationsalongitsroute.Enjoying____46____totalinvestmentof31.17billionyuan,thetrainwilltravelasfastas300km/h,____47____thetripbetweenthetwocitieswillonlytake40minutes.Accordingtotheplan,thehigh-speedrailwaywillhavetwobranch____48____(line)—oneistoYanqingStation,theotheristoTaizichengofChongli,wheretheOlympicvillagelies.Thefullrailway,____49____(include)a70-kilometersectionthroughBeijing,_____50_____(complete)infourandahalfyears.第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。,删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。HealthLadiesandgentlemen,I’mhonortosharethetopic“health”withyou.Asanoldsayinggo,healthisabovewealth.Youmustfeelthesameway.Withouthealth,wecan’tachievethatwesetouttodo.Withhealth,howcanwecatchupwiththerapidlychangedworld?Inbrief,healthisanything.Tokeephealth,weshouldhaveabalanceddietandformgoodlivinghabits.Inaddition,weshouldalsotakeonenoughexerciseandkeepagoodstateofmind.Inconclusion,Ipersonalbelieveahealthylifeisthesourceofhappiness.Solet’skeepeyeonourhealthandenjoyahealthylife.Thankyou.第二节：书面表达（满分25分）52.假定你是李华，你的英国笔友David来信说他在阅读中文名著时感到很吃力，难以坚持，请你给他写封回信，劝他不要放弃。要点如下：1.阅读中文名著的益处；2.给出具体建议。参考词汇：Chineseclassics中文名著注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearDavid,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,,LiHua【答案】1.A2.C3.B【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.D【答案】8.B9.C10.C11.D【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.C【答案】16.G17.E18.B19.F20.A【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.A25.C26.B27.B28.D29.A30.D31.C32.D33.A34.B35.D36.C37.A38.D39.A40.B【答案】41.which42.located43.under44.probably45.length46.a47.so##and48.lines49.including50.willbecompleted【51题答案】【答案】1.honor→honored2.go→goes3.that→what4.With→Without5.changed→changing6.anything→everything7.health→healthy8.去掉take后面的on9.personal→personally10.在keep后加an【52题答案】【答案】范文DearTom,KnowingthatyouarehavingsometroubleinreadingtheChineseclassics,Iamwritingtosharemyopinionsandadviceonthistopic.Firstandforemost,itisofgreatsignificanceforaChineselearnertoreadmorebooksintheoriginallanguage.Bydoingso,notonlycanyouappreciatethecharmofthelanguage,butyoucanalsobroadenyourviewsinunderstandingthecultureandhistoryofChina.Additionally,readingChinesenovelswillsurelycontributetogoodcommunicationandpositiveinteractionwithyourChineseclassmatesandfriends.AsforhowtosolvethechallengesinreadingtheChineseclassics,I,dothinkinterestcomesfirstandchoosingbookssuitabletoyourlevelisequallyimportant.Don’tlostheart,withalittlepatience,andyouwillbenefitalotfromreading.IhopewhatIhavementionedabovecanhelpyouandpleasefeelfreetocontactmeifyouhaveanyquestions.Yours,LiHua