上海市杨浦区2022届高三英语下学期线上期中质量调研（二模）试题（Word版附答案）

2021学年度第二学期期中线上教学质量评估高三英语学科2022.4（满分:115分答题时间:105分钟）I.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TheLife-GiversoftheDesert:OasesthroughouttheWorldOases(绿洲)havehadastronginfluenceonthedevelopmentofsocietyindesertregions.Aspectsoftradeaswellasmilitaryandpoliticalpowerhaveallbeenimpactedbyoases.Merchantshavereliedonthesefertilezones(21)______(get)accesstovitalwater,food,andothersuppliesontheirjourneys.Historically,theBahariyaOasis,(22)______(locate)370kilometersfromCairo,isremarkable.Duringtheancienttime,thiswaterreservewasanagriculturalcenter.Morerecently,tourismhasbroughtimportantincometotheregion,which(23)______(stretch)morethan2,000squarekilometers.It’snotsurprising(24)______fascinatedhistoryloversarebythearea’shistoryandgeographicalfeatures.Inrecentyears,morethan100goldenmummies(25)______(discover)aspartofatombsystem,whichradarhasshowntoincludemorethan10,000mummies.Thisamazingdiscoverywasmadein1996,(26)______adonkeyfellintoaholeandtheanimal’sownersawthefaceofashiny,golden-coloredmummyinside.Themummiesarenearanothersignificantpieceofhistory:theTempleofAlexandertheGreat.Visitorstotheregioncanalsoseetombs(27)______(cut)outofhugerocks.(28)______datingbackto2500yearsago,thetombswereinsuchconditionascouldbedeterminedtobelongtoawealthyfamily.Intermsofphysicalfeatures,BahariyaisknownforitshotandcoldspringsandCrystalMountain,whichisnotreallyamountainbutratherlargemassesofvarioustypesofcrystals.Sittinginsharpcontrasttothetough,dryconditionsthatsurround(29)______,oasesareremarkable.Theyexist(30)______delicateyetcrucialecosystems,providingsignificantagricultural,tourism,andlife-givingbenefitstotheregions.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.stimulationB.scaredC.practiceD.frustratingE.wanderingF.trustedG.readilyH.respondI.simplyJ.stuffK.gratefulTheBenefitsofBoredomHowdidyoufeelonthelastdayoftheterm?Perhapsyouwereexcitedforanupcomingholiday,or(31)______becausemorninglie-inswerenowpossible.Whateveryoufelt,youprobably weren’tbored.Astheweeksrollon,though,boredomhasawayofcatchingyouup.As(32)______asthismightfeel,itcanactuallybegoodforyoutobebored.Whathappenswhenyouarebored?Whenyoufeelbored,yourbrainis(33)______strugglingtofindsomethingtoactivateitsnerves.Ifitcan’tfind(34)______,forexample,bywatchingtelevision,yourmindwilllookinwards.That’swhenyoudaydreamoryoufindyourmind“(35)______”.Scientistshavefoundthatdaydreaminggivesyourbrainthespacetosolveproblems.Itcanalsostirimagination,ideasandcreativity.Isboredomgoodforyou?SandiMann,whowroteabookcalledTheScienceofBoredom,believesthateveryoneshouldacceptboredom(36)______.Accordingtoherresearch,“Peoplewhoareboredaremorecreative.”Mannalsosaysthatacceptingboredommeansyou’relesslikelytobecomebored,“becausethemorenewandexcitingthingsweexperience,themorewewant,sowebecomelessacceptingoftheboring(37)______.”Whatifboredommakesyourestless?Learninghowtoacceptand(38)______toboredomisimportant.Manypeoplefindboredomtobeanuncomfortablefeeling.That’sOK—with(39)______,youcanlearnto“sitwith”thatfeelingandtouseittofindfunandmeaningfulactivitiestodo.There’salsoadifferencebetweenfeelingboredfromtimetotimeandfeelingindifferentoruninterestedinthingsoveralongperiod.Ifthathappens,talktoa(40)______adultwhowillbeabletohelpyou.II.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.AI-basedConservationEffortsWhenanendangeredseabirdhitsapowerline,itmakesasound“verymuchlikethelasersoundfromStarWars,”saysconservation(野生动物保护)biologistMarcTravers.Heshould(41)______ashisteamfromtheEndangeredSeabirdRecoveryProjectrecordedthousandsofhoursofaudiotodetermineifpowerlinesaffectedlocalseabirds.Traverswastryingtohelpestablishhow(42)______birdswerekilledbypowerlinesontheislandofKauaiinHawaiiin2011.Histeamrecorded600hoursofaudioandsenttherecordingstoConservationMetrics,acompanythatassistsconservationeffortswithAIresources.ConservationMetricsusedaprogramto“listen”totherecordingsand(43)______thesoundsthatsignifiedbirdelectrocutions(触电身亡).Theresultwas(44)______,asthenumberofbirdelectrocutionswasinthethousands.Armedwith(45)______thatpowerlineswerekillingasignificantnumberofbirds,theteamworkedwiththelocalutilityservicetoreducebirddeaths.(46)______,humanshavebeenpoorguardiansoftheplanet.Humanshavealteredasmuchas 97percentoflandecosystems.Keypopulationsof(47)______animalshavedroppedasmuchas68percentsince1970.The(48)______inbiodiversityaroundtheworldhascreatedadepressingsituation.Conservationefforts(49)______keyresourcestheyneedtohaverealimpacts.(50)______,humansnowhaveAI-basedtoolsthatcanhelp.AIcanquicklyandaccurately(51)______largeamountsofdatacreatedbyobservationsinthefield.ThenotherprogramssuchasPAWS(ProtectionAssistantforWildlifeSecurity)canhelpanalyzethedataandsuggestthemost(52)______waystofocusconservationefforts.Inlargenationalparksandwildlifereserves,poachers(偷猎者)areadangerforanimalsbothbigandsmall.Someanimalsareworthalotofmoneyontheblackmarket.Parkguardsareleftwithanimpossibletaskbecausethereistoomuchlandto(53)______.ButthePAWSprogramallowsguardstofocustheirefforts.PAWShasevenpredictedthe(54)______oftrapsinareasnotyetpatrolled(巡逻)byrangers!Westillfacemanychallengesto(55)______thelossofwildlife,butAI-poweredprogramspromisetobeapowerfulconservationtool.41.A.assumeB.knowC.hopeD.lead42.A.frequentlyB.directlyC.violentlyD.rarely43.A.imitateB.locateC.countD.present44.A.puzzlingB.demandingC.disturbingD.uplifting45.A.justiceB.proofC.imageD.wisdom46.A.IntheoryB.BydefinitionC.OnthecontraryD.Bymanymeasures47.A.monitoredB.enclosedC.requestedD.overlooked48.A.declineB.expansionC.climbD.quality49.A.supplyB.renewC.lackD.invent50.A.ObviouslyB.FortunatelyC.InterestinglyD.Initially51.A.giveawayB.sortthroughC.getoverD.makeup52.A.exclusiveB.delicateC.effectiveD.special53.A.conveyB.markC.coverD.hide54.A.emergenceB.movementC.evolutionD.existence55.A.recoverB.reverseC.removeD.revealSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)ThemenglancedaroundthelivingroomwhichHanahadtakengreatpainstodecorateproperly.Anewfloweredruglayonthefloor,andfreshwhitecurtainsthatKikuhadhelpedHanasewhungatthewindows.Thefirsttightbudsofthefloweringpeachintheiryardhadbegunto bloom,andknowingtherewouldbecallers,Hanahadarrangedabunchonthetable.“We’llcomerighttothepoint,”atallred-headedmansaidwithoutbotheringtositdown.“There’vebeensomecomplaintsfromtheneighbourhoodabouthavingJapaneseonthisblock,”Tarocaughthisbreath.“Isee.Canyoutellmewhoitwasthatcomplained?”“Justsomeoftheneighbours.”“Whatisitthatwehavedonetooffendthem?”“Well,nothingspecific.”Tarolookedateachofthemeninturnandtriedtokeephisvoicesteady.“Gentlemen,”hebegan.“MywifeandIlookedmany,manymonthstofindahomewherewemightraiseourdaughter.Whentheownersaidtherewouldbenoobjectiontoourmovinginhere,wetrustedhim.Itwasadreamcometrueforus.Wehavealreadyspentmuchtimeandmoneytomakethishouseourhome.Andnow,youwouldaskustoleave?”Tarodarednotstopbeforehefinishedallhewantedtosay:“Ishouldliketomeetthoseneighbourswhoobjecttous,”hesaid.“Isitanyofyougentlemen?”Themenlookeduncomfortable.“We’rejustheretorepresentthem.”“Thenpleaseinvitethemtocometalktome.Iftheycantellmewhywearen’tdesirableorwhywedonotdeservetheirrespect,Ishallconsidertheirrequest.IamtheproprietorofTakedaDryGoodsandGrocersonSeventhStreetandIwouldbehappytohavethemvisitmyshopaswell.”Themenglanceduneasilyatoneanotherandhadnothingmoretosay.56.Themainpurposeofthegentlemen’svisitwasto______.A.arrangeameetingforTarototalkwiththeangryneighboursB.makeTaroawareofthecomplaintsaboutthefamily’sdecorationsC.tellTarothathisfamilywasnotwelcomeintheneighbourhoodD.extendtheirwelcometothefamilytosettleintheneighbourhood57.Theunderlinedword“proprietor”isclosestinmeaningto______.A.ownerB.newcomerC.customerD.caller58.WhichdescriptionbestreflectsTaro’scharacter?A.Hewaseagertoavoidconflicts.B.Hewasbravetodefendhisrights.C.Hewasoffensiveanddisrespectful.D.Hewasconsiderateofothers’feelings.59.Whatsocialproblemisrevealedinthestory?A.Unsafeneighbourhood.B.IllegalImmigration.C.Housingshortage.D.Racialprejudice.(B)Footballstarinspirespoetrypupils.RioFerdinandisoneofthePremierLeague’sgreatesteverWhenyouwereatschool,whatsubjectdidyoulikeCOMPETITIONWhynotwriteyourownpoem players.HemadehisfirstappearanceintheLeagueforWestHaminthe1995-96seasonandbythetimeheretiredfromthe2014-15season,hehadwonthePremierLeaguetitlesixtimeswithManchesterUnited.FerdinandwaseagertobeajudgeinthePremierLeagueWritingStarscompetition,wherechildrencanhandintheirownpoemonthethemeofdiversity.Ferdinanddecidedtodropinonhisoldschool,CamelotPrimaryinPeckham,London,andanswersomequestions.AreyouexcitedtobeajudgeforthePremierLeagueWritingStarspoetrycompetition?“I’mveryexcitedbecauseyougetthechancetoseewhatthekidsareuptonowandhowthekidsthink.It’sreallyimportantforpeopletoexpressthemselvesthroughwords.Ican’twaittoreadallofthepoems.”themost?“Ilikedrama,PEandEnglish.Theseweremythreestrongestsubjectsatschool.”Whatwasyourfavouritebookatschool?“Asakid,myfavouritebookwasTheTwitsbyRoaldDahl.”ThePremierLeagueWritingStarscompetitionasksustocelebratethewaysinwhichwearebeautifullydifferentandwonderfullythesame.Whyisthisanimportanttheme?“Itisanimportantthemebecauseitistrue.I’vebeentomanypartsoftheworldandeveryoneissimilarinthewaytheyare.Everywhereyougo,therearealotofdifferentpeopleintheworld,butweareverymuchthesameinmanyways.”onthethemeofdiversityforthePremierWritingStarscompetition?Lastyear,morethan25,000childrenentered.Youcouldevenwritearaporsonglyrics.YourclasscouldwinapoetryworkshopandhavethePremierLeaguetrophyvisityourprimaryschool!RioFerdinand’sfellowjudgesincludepoetJosephCoelho,musicianOllyMursandwriterLaurenChild.Therewillbetwonationalwinnersandtenregionalwinnersfrombothkeystage1(fivetosevenyearsold)andkeystage2(sevento11yearsold).TheclosingdateisFriday13May,sogetyourteachertoregisteronPLPrimaryStars.comthisweek!60.Toenterthecompetition,anapplicantmust______.A.beundertheageofsevenB.handinapoemthisweekC.writeaboutthethemeofdiversityD.registeronFriday13May61.WhatcanbelearnedaboutRioFerdinand?A.Herosetofameforthepoemshewrotebackatschool.B.HeoncedroppedoutofCamelotPrimaryinPeckham.C.Hehasbeenanorganizerofthecompetitionsince2015.D.Heisdelightedtobethejudgeinthecompetition.62.Thepurposeoftheposteristo______. A.promotethepopularityofthecompetitionB.introducetheassociationofPremierLeagueC.motivatechildrentodosportsintheirsparetimeD.bridgethegapbetweensportsandliterature(C)Wildanimalsareequippedwithavarietyoftechniquestoavoidbecominglunchforabiggeranimal,alsoknownasapredator(捕食者)innature.Themostwell-knownmethodsincludetheclassicfightandflightaswellasfreeze.Ateamofresearcherswonderedwhetherclosenesstopeoplemightimpactthosesurvivalstrategies.“Weoftenseethatanimalsaremoretolerantaroundusinurbanareas,butwedon’treallyknowwhy.”saysevolutionarybiologistDanBlumstein.“Isitindividualplasticity,meaningindividualschangetheirfearofusandthatleadstotolerance?Orcantherebeanevolutionaryfactorinvolved?”Tofindout,Blumsteinandhiscolleaguescombinedinformationfrom173studiesofover100species,includingmammals,birds,fishandevenmollusks.Itturnsoutthatregardlessofevolutionaryancestry,theanimalsreactinasimilarwaytolifeamonghumans:theylosetheiranti-predatorcharacteristics.Thatpatternisespeciallypronouncedforplant-eatinganimalsandforsocialspecies.Thisbehavioralchangeisperhapsunsurprisingwhenit’sintentional,theresultofdomesticationorcontrolledbreeding.Butitturnsoutthaturbanizationaloneresultsinasimilarchange,thougharoundthreetimesmoreslowly.Themainpointis:we’reessentiallydomesticatinganimalsbyurbanization.We’reselectingforthesamesortsofcharacteristicsthatwewouldifwewereactuallytryingtodomesticatethem.Iftheurbanizationprocesshelpsanimalsbetterco-existwithpeople,itcouldbetotheirbenefit.Butifitmakesthemmoredefenselesstotheirnonhumanpredators,itcouldbearealproblem.Eitherway,theseresultsmeanthatcitylivinghasenoughofaninfluenceonwildanimalsthatevolutionaryprocesseskickin.Thosereductionsinanti-predatorcharacteristicsbecomeencodedintheirgenes.We’rechangingthepopulationgeneticsonewayoranother.Whattheresearchersnowwonderiswhetherthemerepresenceoftouristsinlessurbanizedareascancausesimilarchangesinwildanimals.Ifso,seriousquestionsexistfortheideaofethical,welfare-orientedeco-tourism.Ifwewishtohelpanimalskeeptheiranti-predatordefenses,theresearcherssay,wemighthavetointentionallyexposeanimalstopredators.It’sjustyetoneotherwaythatwe’rechangingtheworldaroundus.63.TheresearchledbyBlumsteinisaimedat______.A.determininghowanimals’survivalisimpactedbyindividualplasticityB.studyinghowlivingamonghumansaffectsanimals’survivalstrategiesC.comparingtheeffectivenessofdifferentsurvivaltechniquesD.findingoutwhichevolutionaryfactorimpactsanimals’survivalmethods 64.Whichofthefollowingpracticesmaycontributetoanimalslosinganti-predatorcharacteristics?A.Controlledbreedingofanimals.B.Banningtheoperationofeco-tourism.C.Plannedselectionoffavorablegenes.D.Eliminatingdomestication.65.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisBlumsteinlikelytoagreewith?A.UrbanizationhasmadewildanimalsmorealertB.Urbanizationhasbroughtconcretebenefitstoanimals.C.Citylivinghasledtoanimals’geneticvariations.D.Citylivinghashelpedtopreserveanimalspecies.66.Theanimalrescuecenterspottedaninjuredfoxayearagoandhassincenurseditbacktohealth.Beforereleasingitbacktothewild,thecentershouldprobably______.A.exposethefoxtotheurbanenvironmentrepeatedlyB.trainthefoxtoco-existwiththelessaggressivepredatorsC.intentionallygetthefoxaccustomedtothepresenceofhumansD.purposefullyadaptthefoxtopredatorrelatedenvironmentSectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.MoreandmoreEuropeansarenowchoosingtotravelbylandorseawheneverpossible.B.However,airlinesinEuropealsohavewarnedoftheharmfuleffectsoftheflightshamingmovement.C.Inaddition,travelersaremorelikelytodiscoverinterestingnewrestaurantsandhotels,andgetachancetointeractwiththelocals.D.Anewanti-flyingmovementknownas“flightshaming”isgivingEarth-lovingtravelersawayofshakingofftheirguiltwhilestillexperiencingthejoysofdomesticandinternationaltravel.E.It’sawayofrevisitingholidaytravelplan,includingyouraccommodationswhileprotectingtheenvironment.F.Otherlocalcelebrities,includingenvironmentaliconGretaThunberg,followedsuit.FlightShaming:#stayonthegroundFortheenvironmentallyconscious,boardingaflightcanbeasourceofmildstressorguilt,consideringthelargeamountsofcarbonfootprintthatcomeswithit.(67)____________Flightshaming,orflygskam,isamovementthatoriginatedinSwedenin2017.Backthen,singerStaffanLindbergdeclaredhisintentiontogiveupflyingtoandfromhisconcertsinfavoroftravelbytrain,bus,car,orboat.(68)____________Beforelong,asubstantialportionofthegeneralpublichadhappilyjumpedonboard.Thefollowingyear,thehashtag#jagstannarpamarken—whichtranslatesas#stayonthegroundstartedgainingpopularityontheInternet,andby2019,annualairtravelinSwedenhadfallenby5%.Although“shame”hasarelativelynegativemeaningassociatedwithit,theoveralloutcomeof theflightshamingmovementhasbeenundeniablypositive.NolongerrestrictedtoSwedenalone,thetrendhasspreadthroughoutEurope.(69)____________Besides,themovementislessaboutshamingotherpeopleoutofflyingthanitisaboutchangingone’sowntravelhabitsforthebenefitsoftheEarth.Aninterestingsideeffectoftheflightshamingmovementisthatthosewhoobserveitoftenrediscoverthenoveltyofslow,purposefultravel.Whentravelingbyland,onecantakeinthevarietyofsights,sounds,andsmellsalongtheway.(70)____________Withoutdoubt,travelerswillingtotakeonthechallengeofflygskamhavetheopportunitytoexperiencelocalcultureinwaysthatpassengersflyingthousandsofmilesabovecouldonlydreamof.III.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.ANewWaveofMigrationAstheseaextendssteadilyinlandincountriessuchasBangladeshandasdecreasingrainsputalreadymarginalfarmlandoutofplayinEthiopiaandotherplaces,awaveofmigrationcausedbythechangingclimateistakingshapeonthehorizon.Butmost“climatemigrants”willnotbeheadingabroadtostartnewlives;insteadtheywillsettleelsewhereintheirhomecountries.Areportreleasedthisweekdeclaresthatifnothingisdonetocontrolglobalwarmingandfactormigrationintodevelopmentplanning,bymid-centurythisinternalpopulationshiftcouldinvolvemorethan140millionpeopleinthreeregionsexamined:sub-SaharanAfrica,southAsiaandLatinAmerica.“Climatechangeisalreadyadriverofinternalmigration,anditwillbecomemoresointhefuture,”saysJohnRoome,seniordirectorofClimatechangeatTheWorldBankGroup.Thepotentialforsuchanincreaseinareaconsistingof55percentofthedevelopingworld’spopulationraisesquestionsofenvironmentaljusticebecausethosewhohavecontributedtheleasttoglobalwarmingareforcedtoshouldermoreoftheburden.ItisnecessaryfordevelopedcountriesliketheU.S.tostepup,saysMariaCristinaGarcia,aprofessorofAmericanStudiesatCornellUniversity.Developedcountriescanhelpbybothworkingtolimitgreenhousegasemissionsandfundingeffortstohelpdevelopingnationsplanforclimatemigrationchallenges.Thestudyofclimatemigrationisstillrelativelynew,andprojectionsofjusthowmanypeoplemightbedrivenfromtheirhomesastheworldwarmsarehardtopindown.Somepeoplewillneedtomigratedespiteanymeasuresthatmightbetaken—but“thisdoesn’thavetobeacrisis”Roomesays.Properlymanagedmigrationcouldevenbringmoreeconomicopportunitiestosomepoorcommunities.Butplanningneedstostartnow.IV.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.72.在等待测试结果的时候，居民们都如坐针毡。(seem) 73.再怎么强调保持社交距离的重要性也不为过。(distance)74.入侵物种所造成的经济与环境损失真是超乎人们的想象。(imagination)75.看见线上课堂里的老师摇身一变成了社区志愿者，这位女孩情不自禁地向她比心。(transform)V.GuidedWritingDirections:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假如你是明启中学的学生李明。学生会将要举办英语演讲比赛，正在征求学生意见。请你根据下表中的比赛方案，向学生会写封邮件，指明需要改善的地方并提出改进建议与理由。英语演讲比赛主题MyDream时长2分钟提交方式发送视频到电子邮箱speechcontest@126.com评奖方式校园网上师生投票评奖参赛截止日期本月底前