浙江省台州市2021-2022学年高二英语上学期期末质量评估试卷（Word版附解析）

台州市2021学年第一学期高二年级期末质量评估试题英语选择题部分注意事项：1.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题纸上。2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whenwilltheman'strainarrive?A.At7:00pmB.At8:00pm.C.At9:00pm.2.Whatdoesthemanprobablydo?A.Asalesman.B.Awriter.C.Anarchitect.3.WhichplaceisclosedonMondays?A.TheHugeHamburger.B.TheHappyDragon.C.TheSunPizzeria.4.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.Makesomecoffee.B.Findashelter.C.Fetchanumbrella.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Howtocookameal.B.Wheretomeetafriend.C.Whattobringforcamping.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独自。每段对话或独白后在几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题,6.Wheredidthemanhavehisbesttrip?A.InSouthAfrica.B.InSoutheastAsia.C.InCentralAmerica7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.CreateatravelblogB.KeepatraveldiaryC.Takesomephotos听第7段材料，回答第8至10题，8.WhatdoesthemansayaboutthecharactersinEricCarle'sbooks?ABrave.B.Strange.C.Energetic.9.Whichbookdidthemanlovemostasachild?A.TheVeryHungryCaterpillarB.TheArtistWhoPaintedaBlueHorse.C.BrownBear,BrownBear,WhatDoYouSee?10.Whatisthemangoingtodofirst?A.Dosomeshopping.B.Borrowsomebooks.C.Pickuphisson.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhydidthewomanaccepttheofferfromGregoryAssociates?A.IthasagoodfameB.Itwasherfirstoffer.C.Itcoveredtravelexpenses.12.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherjobonthewhole?A.Satisfied.B.DisappointedC.Worried13.Whataboutthejobmakesthewomanunhappy?A.ThelowpayB.TheshortholidaysC.Theworkhours听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whichpositionisavailablenow?A.Akitchenhand.B.Anassistantcook.C.Acleaner.15.Howoftenwillthemanhavetoworkifhegetsthejob?A.Onceaweek.B.Twiceaweek.C.Threetimesaweek.16.Howmuchwillthemangetanhourifhegetsthejob?A.$15B.$18.C.$2017.Whatdoesthewomanremindthemantodoatlast?A.Offerareference.B.Bringhispassport.C.Prepareanapplicationform,听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhatcanweknowaboutSimoes'grandma?A.Sheis84yearsoldB.Shehiresacaretaker.C.Shehasaphysicaldisability.19.WhatdidLililikedoingforSimoes'grandma?A.Closingthedoorforher.B.Clearingthewayforher.C.Fetchingcarpetmatsforher.20.WhatdidSimoes'familythinkofLili?A.Naughty.B.Quiet.C.Considerate第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AMyfirstyearofcollegewasafairytalethattookplacestudyingabroadinthehistoricandenrichedcityofValencia,Spain.RecentlyIcameacrosstheSpanishexpressionmerecerlapena,ortobeworthit.LookingbackonmytimeinValencia,Icansafelyandfirmlysaythatthehardworktrulymereciólapena.DepartingtoanynewplacerequiresadaptationandmymovetoSpainwasnoexception.BecomingcomfortablewiththeSpanishculturedidtaketineandlearningSpanishhasrequiredeveryounceofmypatience.IntherarechancethattimetravelwouldeverexistandIcouldgobackintime,IwouldwithoutadoubtchoosetostudyabroadinSpainagain.Granted,thereareafewchaptersinmyfairytalethatIwouldtweak,butmyonlytrueregretisnotbeingabletoconversefluentlyandflawlesslyinSpanishafterhavingspentelevenmonthsinSpain.Thatbeingsaid,IdidimprovemySpanish-speakingskills.However,Iwashopingforadramaticimprovement,whichsadlyneveroccurred.Therefore,ifIwerepermittedanydo-overs,IwouldimmersemyselfmoreintheSpanishcultureandlanguagethanIdid.AlthoughIdidmakemanySpanishacquaintanceswhileinValencia,thetroublewiththeseSpanishfriendsofminewastheireagernesstopracticetheirEnglish,thushinderingmyaimtoimprovemySpanish.FurtheraggravatingwasthefactthattheirEnglishabilitywasalreadyfargreaterthantheknowledgethatIhadofSpanish,whichnotonlyoccasionallyembarrassedmeovermymistakesandlackofvocabulary,butalsoforcedEnglishtobethelanguageforourconversationsifwe,everhadseriousmatterstodiscuss.Yet,beyondthat,IbloomedandchangedinmorewaysthanI'dthoughtpossible.OverallmyexperienceinSpaincouldbedescribedlikenoother:sweeterthanaValencianorange.1.Whatdidtheauthorregretaboutherstudyabroad?A.Thatshedidn'tachieveSpanishfluency.B.Thatshedidn'timproveheroralSpanish.C.Thatshedidn'tmakeanySpanishfriends.D.Thatshedidn'texperiencetheSpanishculture.2.WhydidtheSpanishcommunicatewiththeauthorinEnglish?A.Toavoidseriousdiscussions.B.Totesttheauthor'svocabulary.C.Toreduceembarrassingmistakes.D.Tosharpentheirspeakingskills.3.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofherexperienceinSpain?AStrangeB.Frustrating.C.Carefree.D.Rewarding.【答案】1.A2.D3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在西班牙留学的经历以及感悟。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Granted,thereareafewchaptersinmyfairytalethatIwouldtweak,butmyonlytrueregretisnotbeingabletoconversefluentlyandflawlesslyinSpanishafterhavingspentelevenmonthsinSpain.(诚然，我的童话故事中有几个章节需要修改，但我唯一真正遗憾的是，在西班牙生活了11个月之后，我不能用西班牙语流利而完美地交谈)”可知，作者在国外留学期间后悔她的西班牙语不够流利。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“AlthoughIdidmakemanySpanishacquaintanceswhileinValencia,thetroublewiththeseSpanishfriendsofminewastheireagernesstopracticetheirEnglish,thushinderingmyaimtoimprovemySpanish.(虽然我在瓦伦西亚期间确实结识了许多西班牙人，但我的这些西班牙朋友的麻烦在于他们急于练习英语，从而阻碍了我提高西班牙语水平的目标)”可知，西班牙人用英语和作者交流是为了提高他们的口语技能。故选D。,【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yet,beyondthat,IbloomedandchangedinmorewaysthanI'dthoughtpossible.OverallmyexperienceinSpaincouldbedescribedlikenoother:sweeterthanaValencianorange.(然而，除此之外，我在很多方面都比我想象的更加成熟和改变。总的来说，我在西班牙的经历可以说是独一无二的：比瓦伦西亚橙子还甜)”可推知，作者觉得在西班牙的经历有益。故选D。BWhatisthesecrettotheworld'smostcreativeminds—themindsofresourcefulinventors,innovativescientistsandinspiredartists?Aretheysimplyluckytobebornwiththerightgenes?Moststudiessuggestthatonlyabouttenpercentofcreativityisdeterminedbyaperson'sgenes.Sowhataretherequirementsforcreativity?Firstofall,creativitytakestime.Wetendtothinkofbreakthroughsascominginasuddenflashofbrilliance,butthisisrarelythecase.Ideasoftendevelopandformoveralongperiod.Infact,manyofhistory'smostcreativepeoplehaveareputationasdaydreamersorprocrastinators.MartinLutherKing,Jr,reportedlywrotehis"IHaveaDream"speechatteno'clockthenightbeforehedeliveredit,butithadgonethroughalongperiodof"preparationandincubation"inhismindbeforethat.Inasurprisingtwist,creativitymayalsobesparkedbysuffering.Wecanseethisinthelivesofmanygreatcreativegeniuses.ArtistPaulKleesufferedgreatpainformuchofhislifeasdidmanyotherartists,andcomposerJohannSebastianBachlostbothhisparentswhenhewasonlynineyearsold.Thoseinvestigatingthesourcesofcreativityhavenotedthatsomecreativegeniusesdonotalwaysfitinwellwithsocialnorms.Theydon'tseemabletosuppressthefountainofideasthatbubbleupintheirminds,someofwhichmayseeminappropriatetoothers.Creativepeoplearealsocurious.Theyseemwiredtoseeknoveltyandtakerisks.Aschildren,creativepeopleareoftenunabletositstill,unabletofocusontheirlessons,instead,alwayslookingforsomethingnewandinterestingtocapturetheirattention.Thesearchforthesourceofcreativitycontinues.Mostresearchersagreethattheanswerwillbecomplexandthatthereisprobablynosinglecharacteristicwhichcanexplaintheworld'smostcreativeminds.4.MartinLutherKing'sspeechismentionedtoshow__________.,A.creativepeoplemagicupideasB.thecreativeprocessrequirestimeC.rightgenescontributetocreativityD.thelast-minutepressurebringsbreakthroughs5.Howdoestheauthorprovehispointinthe3rdparagraph?A.Byquotingsayings.B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Byprovidingexamples.D.Byanalyzingaphenomenon.6.Whichofthefollowingsignsdocreativekidsprobablyexhibit?A.Lackofcuriosity.B.Highactivitylevel.C.Distraction-freemode.D.Goodadaptationskills.7.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Torevealthesecretsofbrilliantinventions.B.Topresentthesufferingsofartisticgeniuses.C.Toexplorethecharacteristicsofcreativeminds.D.Tointroducetheachievementsofinnovativescientists【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。大多数研究表明，只有10%的创造力是由一个人的基因决定的。文中主要就创造力的要求和特点进行了说明。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Firstofall,creativitytakestime.Wetendtothinkofbreakthroughsascominginasuddenflashofbrilliance,butthisisrarelythecase.Ideasoftendevelopandformoveralongperiod.Infact,manyofhistory'smostcreativepeoplehaveareputationasdaydreamersorprocrastinators.MartinLutherKing,Jr,reportedlywrotehis"IHaveaDream"speechatteno'clockthenightbeforehedeliveredit,butithadgonethroughalongperiodof"preparationandincubation"inhismindbeforethat.(首先，创造需要时间。我们倾向于认为突破是突如其来的辉煌，但事实并非如此。思想的发展和形成往往需要很长一段时间。事实上，历史上许多最有创造力的人都以空想家或拖延者而闻名。据报道，马丁·路德·金在发表“我有一个梦想”演讲的前一天晚上10点就写好了，但在那之前，他在头脑中经历了很长一段时间的“准备和酝酿”)”可推知，马丁·路德·金的演讲被提到是为了表明创造过程需要时间。故选B。【5题详解】,推理判断题。根据第三段“Inasurprisingtwist,creativitymayalsobesparkedbysuffering.Wecanseethisinthelivesofmanygreatcreativegeniuses.ArtistPaulKleesufferedgreatpainformuchofhislifeasdidmanyotherartists,andcomposerJohannSebastianBachlostbothhisparentswhenhewasonlynineyearsold.(令人惊讶的是，苦难也可能激发创造力。我们可以在许多伟大的创意天才的生活中看到这一点。艺术家保罗·克利和许多其他艺术家一样，在一生的大部分时间里都遭受了巨大的痛苦。作曲家约翰·塞巴斯蒂安·巴赫在9岁时就失去了双亲)”可推知，作者在第三段通过举例子来证明自己的观点。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Aschildren,creativepeopleareoftenunabletositstill,unabletofocusontheirlessons,instead,alwayslookingforsomethingnewandinterestingtocapturetheirattention.(作为孩子，有创造力的人往往不能安静地坐着，不能专注于他们的课程，相反，总是寻找新的和有趣的吸引他们的注意力的东西)”可知，有创造力的孩子可能会表现出活动水平高。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thesearchforthesourceofcreativitycontinues.Mostresearchersagreethattheanswerwillbecomplexandthatthereisprobablynosinglecharacteristicwhichcanexplaintheworld'smostcreativeminds.(对创造力源泉的探索仍在继续。大多数研究人员都认为，答案是复杂的，可能没有单一的特征可以解释世界上最有创造力的头脑)”结合文中主要就创造力的要求和特点进行了说明。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是探索创造性思维的特点。故选C。CImaginethisscenario:In2050,youfindanenvelope,insidewhichisanoldCDmarkedwiththedate1998,yourgreat-grandfather'sname,andthewords"alloverseasbankaccounts".Ifthisweretohappen,youwouldbeveryexcited,atleastatfirst.Yourexcitementwouldbequicklyfollowedbyfrustrationbecauseitwouldbedifficultforyoutoretrievetheinformationonthedisk.Eveniftherecordwasstillingoodcondition,itwouldbehardtofindadevicethatcouldreadit.Computersanddigitaltechnologyhavevastlyexpandedourcapacitytostoreallkindsofinformation,buthowlongwillouraccesstothisstoredinformationlast?Thisisaproblemthatbegantoworrytechnologyexperts.Theybecameconcernedthat,withoutbetterwaysofpreservinginformation,futuregenerationsmightlookbackonourtimesasthe"digitaldarkages".Theymaynot,haveaccesstothedigitalrecordofourlivesandourworld.VintCerf,avicepresidentatGoogle,arguesthatthiscouldhappenifwedonotquicklytakestepstoaddresstheissue.Heusestheterm"bitrot"todescribehowourdigitalrecordsmayslowlybutsurelybecomeinaccessible.Mostsoftwaresandappsthatwereusedtocreatedocumentsandwebsitestenortwentyyearsagoarealreadyoutofdate,andinanotherfiftyyearstheymaynotevenbeavailable.Wecanreadlettersfromlongago,butwillwebeabletoreadaTwitterfeedoraccessaSnapchatexchangeahundredyearsfromnow?ComputerscientistMahadevSatyanarayananofCarnegieMellonUniversityhasfoundawaytostoreeverything—alltogetherintheCloud.Usinghisstate-of-the-artapproach,Satyanarayananhasbeenabletorecoverandpreservedigitalrecordsthatmightotherwisehavebeenlostforever.BothCerfandSatyanarayananstresstheimportanceofdeliberatepreservation.Importantrecordsshallbetransferredtonewformsofstoragetechnologyastheyappear.Otherwise,theymaydisappearintothedigitaldarkages.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"refertointhe2ndparagraph?A.ThefindofaCD.B.Atraveltothefuture.C.Therecoveryofbankaccounts.D.Anencounterwithyourgreat-grandfather.9.HowdoCerfandSatyanarayanansuggestwehandleimportantdata?A.PostonTwitter.B.Storevianewtechnology.C.UploadtotheCloud.D.Recordintraditionalletters.10.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.E-Waste:DarkSideofDigitalAgeB.AreWeLivingintheDigitalDarkAges?C.WhatCantheDigitalDarkAgesTeachUs?D.Google'sVintCerfwarnsofDarkTechnologies【答案】8.A9.B10.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了虽然计算机和数字技术极大地扩展了我们存储各种信息的能力，但是未来可能无法查看这些信息，导致“数字黑暗时代”。对此有人建议重要的记录应当在新的存储技术出现时转移到新的存储技术中。,【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Imaginethisscenario:In2050,youfindanenvelope,insidewhichisanoldCDmarkedwiththedate1998,yourgreat-grandfather'sname,andthewords"alloverseasbankaccounts".”以及画线词后文“youwouldbeveryexcited,atleastatfirst”可知，想象一下这样的场景:在2050年，你发现一个信封，里面是一张旧CD，上面写着日期1998，你曾祖父的名字，以及“所有海外银行账户”的字样，即如果找到这张CD，你会非常兴奋，至少一开始是这样。故this指的是“找到一张CD”。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“BothCerfandSatyanarayananstresstheimportanceofdeliberatepreservation.Importantrecordsshallbetransferredtonewformsofstoragetechnologyastheyappear.Otherwise,theymaydisappearintothedigitaldarkages.(Cerf和Satyanarayanan都强调了蓄意保存的重要性。重要的记录应当在新的存储技术出现时转移到新的存储技术中。否则，它们可能会消失在数字黑暗时代)”可知，Cerf和Satyanarayanan建议我们通过新技术进行存储来处理重要数据。故选B。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Computersanddigitaltechnologyhavevastlyexpandedourcapacitytostoreallkindsofinformation,buthowlongwillouraccesstothisstoredinformationlast?Thisisaproblemthatbegantoworrytechnologyexperts.Theybecameconcernedthat,withoutbetterwaysofpreservinginformation,futuregenerationsmightlookbackonourtimesasthe"digitaldarkages".Theymaynothaveaccesstothedigitalrecordofourlivesandourworld.(计算机和数字技术极大地扩展了我们存储各种信息的能力，但我们还能使用这些存储的信息多久呢？这是一个开始让技术专家担忧的问题。他们开始担心，如果没有更好的保存信息的方法，未来几代人回顾我们的时代时，可能会成为“数字黑暗时代”。他们可能无法接触到我们生活和世界的数字记录)”结合文章主要说明了虽然计算机和数字技术极大地扩展了我们存储各种信息的能力，但是未来可能无法查看这些信息，导致“数字黑暗时代”。对此有人建议重要的记录应当在新的存储技术出现时转移到新的存储技术中。可知，B选项“我们生活在数字黑暗时代吗？”最符合文章标题。故选B。第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项,为多余选项。What'stheMereExposureEffect?Hasiteveroccurredtoyouthatyoustartedlikingthatsongyouusedtohatebecauseyouhadlistenedtoitrepeatedly?Haveyouevernoticedhowthemoretimeyouspendwithaperson,themorepleasanthe/shebecomes?___11___Alsoknownasthefamiliarityprinciple,thiseffectexplainswhy,byrepeatedlyexposingourselvestoanewstimulus,ourresponsetoitbecomesmorepositive.RobertZajoncisoneoftheauthorswhostudiedthisparticularpsychologicaleffect.Heprovedthepresenceofthispreferenceinthefaceofstimuliofaverydiversenature.Words,sounds,photographsoffaces…___12___Researchersconductedastudytotesttheinfluenceofthiseffectonthelikingforcertainfoods.Forthis,theygaveagroupofstudentsseveraljuicestheydidn'tknowuntilthatmoment.___13___Whenaskedwhichonestheylikedbest,therewasacleartendencytojudgethosetheydrankthemostasmorepositive.Fechner,aGermanpsychologist,thefatherofsomecurrentpsychophysicaltheories,offersanexplanationforthiseffect.___14___Butthis"newnessphobia"fadesawayasyourepeatedlyexposeyourselftotheno-longer-newstimuli.However,youmustkeepinmindthatyoucangetboredifrepeatedexposuretothestimulusbecomesexcessive.___15___Andifyouwatchthesamemovieeveryday,it'llloseitscharm.Thisprincipleoffamiliarityisthefoundationofmanyofyourpreferences,regardlessofyourgreaterorlessertasteforadventureandrisk.Theproductsyoubuy,theplacesyoufrequent,andthepeopleyoulikecanallbeaffectedbythisprinciple.Therefore,it'sconvenienttobeawareofitsinfluenceonyourmind.A.Thisiswhatthemere-exposureeffectisabout.B.Thereasonforthemereexposureeffectisuncertain.C.Sometriedthemfivetimes,others10,andothers15D.Peopletendtoreactwithfearoranxietytonewelements.E.Ifyoueatthesamethingeveryday,you'llenduphatingit.F.Inallcases,peopleseemtofavorthosemostfamiliartothem.G.Theeffecthappensduetotheirfearofnewchallengesandthreats.,【答案】11.A12.F13.C14.D15.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是“曝光效应”以及这种心理现象对人的影响。【11题详解】根据上文“Hasiteveroccurredtoyouthatyoustartedlikingthatsongyouusedtohatebecauseyouhadlistenedtoitrepeatedly?Haveyouevernoticedhow,themoretimeyouspendwithaperson,themorepleasanthe/shebecomes?(你有没有想过，你开始喜欢那首你曾经很讨厌的歌，因为你已经听了很多遍了？你有没有注意到，你和一个人相处的时间越长，他/她就会变得越愉快？)”以及后文“Alsoknownasthefamiliarityprinciple,thiseffectexplainswhy,byrepeatedlyexposingourselvestoanewstimulus,ourresponsetoitbecomesmorepositive.(这种效应也被称为熟悉原则，它解释了为什么通过不断地将自己暴露在新刺激下，我们对它的反应变得更加积极)”可知，本句应当是在说明上文提到的一系列现象是什么：曝光效应，A选项中effect对应后文中thiseffect。故A选项“这就是曝光效应的意义所在”符合语境，故选A。【12题详解】根据上文“RobertZajoncisoneoftheauthorswhostudiedthisparticularpsychologicaleffect.Heprovedthepresenceofthispreferenceinthefaceofstimuliofaverydiversenature.Words,sounds,photographsoffaces…(RobertZajonc是研究这种特殊心理效应的作者之一。他证明了在面对各种各样的刺激时，这种偏好的存在。文字、声音、面孔的照片……)”可知，本句是在说明这种心理效应带给人们的影响：人们似乎都喜欢那些他们最熟悉的东西。故F选项“在所有的情况下，人们似乎都喜欢那些他们最熟悉的东西”符合语境，故选F。【13题详解】根据上文“Researchersconductedastudytotesttheinfluenceofthiseffectonthelikingforcertainfoods.Forthis,theygaveagroupofstudentsseveraljuicestheydidn'tknowuntilthatmoment.(研究人员进行了一项研究，以测试这种效应对人们喜欢某些食物的影响。为此，他们给了一组学生一些果汁，直到那一刻他们才知道)”以及后文“Whenaskedwhichonestheylikedbest,therewasacleartendencytojudgethosetheydrankthemostasmorepositive.(当被问及他们最喜欢哪种时，他们明显倾向于认为喝得最多的果汁更积极)”可知，本句应是在说明人们接受测试的次数，故C选项“有些人试了5次，其他人试了10次，其他人试了15次”符合语境，故选C。【14题详解】,根据上文“Fechner,aGermanpsychologist.thefatherofsomecurrentpsychophysicaltheories,offersanexplanationforthiseffect.(Fechner，一位德国心理学家，当代一些心理物理学理论之父，为这种效应提供了一种解释)”以及后文“Butthis"newnessphobia"fadesawayasyourepeatedlyexposeyourselftotheno-longer-newstimuli.(但是这种“新奇恐惧症”会随着你不断地将自己暴露在不再新鲜的刺激下而逐渐消失)”可知，后文提到了“新奇恐惧症”，可见人们对新事物的反应是恐惧或焦虑。故D选项“人们对新事物的反应往往是恐惧或焦虑”符合语境，故选D。【15题详解】根据上文“However,youmustkeepinmindthatyoucangetboredifrepeatedexposuretothestimulusbecomesexcessive.(然而，你必须记住，如果反复接触刺激过度，你会感到无聊)”以及后文“Andifyouwatchthesamemovieeveryday,it'llloseitscharm.(如果你每天都看同样的电影，它就会失去它的魅力)”可知，本句与后文并列，都是在说明反复接触刺激导致感到无聊的情况。故E选项“如果你每天都吃同样的东西，你最终会讨厌它”符合语境，故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Itorethetopoffmymeal:spaghettiwithbeefandsauce.Thearomarushedoutofthepacket.Itsmelledlike___16___.Growingup,Ialwayshada(n)___17___forMeals,Ready-to-Eat,orMREs.Withtheirspecial___18___:airtightandwaterproof(防水的),thethickplasticbagscan___19___almostanychangesintemperatureand___20___aminimumofthreeyearswithnorefrigeration.InmyArmyhousehold,therewas___21___onelyingaroundsomewhere:inthebackofmydad'scar,orinacloset.MysiblingsandIweren't___22___toeatthemoften.Theyweresavedforcampingtripsorthenightsmydadwasinchargeofdinner.Myfathercouldhave___23___usanythingpizza,BurgerKingicecream—butwewould___24___MREs.Thenwefaceda___25___decision.Itwasn'tjustabouttheentree(主菜)whichwasprintedonthefrontofthepack:MenuNo.12:Meatloaf;MenuNo.17:Beef.Itwasalsoaboutthe___26___thatweren'tmentionedontheoutsideofthepackage:thedrycakeorthebrownie;thecookiesorthepeanutbutter…Myfirstexperienceof___27___camewhenIhadtochoosewhichoneIwanted.___28___thepackageslyingonourcounter.Ihadmyheartinmymouth.Myhandswere___29___beforegrabbingone.,___30___beateatingdinnerfromthosebrownplasticbags,andthat'swhy,whenIsawMREsfor___31___onAmazon,Iboughtsomefor$15apiece.I___32___apictureonsocialmedia,andmyformermilitaryfriendslaughed.ButasIopenedtheshipment,itfelt___33___I'dunearthedaboxfilledwithchildhoodmemorabilia.Duringmyfather's24-yearArmycareer,myfamilylivedin___34___housesinfivestates.WhileIneverhadahometown,the___35___was—stillis—hometome,andMREsareapartofthat.16.A.loveB.homeC.friendshipD.adventure17.A.budgetB.pityC.excuseD.affection18.A.recipeB.packagingC.meatD.quality19.A.reduceB.measureC.resistD.analyze20.A.hideB.lastC.freezeD.leak21.A.merelyB.everC.sometimesD.always22.A.trainedB.accompaniedC.allowedD.bothered23.A.passedB.cookedC.awardedD.offered24.A.chooseB.rejectC.deliverD.prepare25.A.toughB.dangerousC.wiseD.careless26.A.extrasB.addressesC.cookiesD.brands27A.disappointmentB.excitementC.anxietyD.fright28.A.ThrowingawayB.ArguingaboutC.PuttingasideD.Staringat29.A.stretchingB.achingC.shakingD.rising30.A.AnythingB.NothingC.EverythingD.Something31.A.tripsB.displayC.soldiersD.sale32.A.tookB.postedC.spottedD.described33.A.asifB.incaseC.evenifD.nowthat34.A.remoteB.cheapC.privateD.different35.A.ArmyB.StateC.CarD.Internet【答案】16.B17.D18.B19.C20.B21.D22.C23.D24.A25.A26.A27.C28.D29.C30.B31.D32.B33.A34.D35.A,【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者对即食食品情有独钟。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：闻起来有家的味道。A.love爱；B.home家；C.friendship友谊；D.adventure冒险。根据上句“Thearomarushedoutofthepacket.(香味从包裹里散发出来)”可知，一打开包裹，香味就散发出来。由此可知根据香味可以感受到家的味道。故选B。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在成长过程中，我对美食，即食食品或MREs很有感情。A.budget预算；B.pity遗憾；C.excuse原谅；D.affection感情。根据下文“InmyArmyhousehold,therewas6onelyingaroundsomewhere：inthebackofmydad'scar,orinacloset.(在我的军人家庭，那里总有即食食品：在我父亲的车后面或者在储藏室)”可知，作者喜欢吃即食食品，对这些食品有感情。故选D。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：拥有特殊的包装：密封和防水，厚厚的袋子能抵制任何气温的变化，持续至少3年没有冰箱。A.recipe食谱；B.packaging包装；C.meat肉；D.quality质量。根据“airtightandwaterproof(防水的)(密封和防水)”可知这是特殊包装的。故选B。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：拥有特殊的包装：密封和防水，厚厚的袋子能抵制任何气温的变化，持续至少3年没有冰箱。A.reduce减少；B.measure测量；C.resist抵制；D.analyze分析。根据“thethickplasticbags”可知，厚厚的袋子能抵制任何气温的变化。故选C。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：拥有特殊的包装：密封和防水，厚厚的袋子能抵制任何气温的变化，持续至少3年没有冰箱。A.hide隐藏；B.last持续；C.freeze结冰；D.leak漏，泄露。根据“thethickplasticbagscan4almostanychangesintemperature(厚厚的袋子能抵制任何气温的变化)”可知，这种厚袋子可以用好长时间。故选B。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我的军人家庭，那里总有即食食品：在我父亲的车后面或者在储藏室。A.merely仅仅；B.ever曾今；C.sometimes有时；D.always总是。根据上文“Growingup,Ialwayshada(n)2forMeals,(在成长过程中，我对即食食品很有感情)”可知，作者喜欢即食食品，因此他就会经常买，因此家里总是有这些东西。故选D。,【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和兄弟姐妹不被允许经常吃即食食品。A.trained训练；B.accompanied陪伴；C.allowed允许；D.bothered打扰。根据下句“Theyweresavedforcampingtripsorthenightsmydadwasinchargeofdinner.(即食食品是要被节省下来为外出旅游或者父亲负责做饭时才可以吃)”可知，即食食品不被允许经常吃。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲本能够给我们提供披萨饼，汉堡王，冰淇淋之类的东西——但是我们宁愿选择即食食品。A.passed通过；B.cooked做饭；C.awarded授予；D.offered提供。根据“thenightsmydadwasinchargeofdinner”可知，此处指父亲给我们做饭时给我们提供的食物，故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲本能够给我们提供披萨饼，汉堡王，冰淇淋之类的东西——但是我们宁愿选择即食食品。A.choose选择；B.reject反对；C.deliver运送；D.prepare准备。根据上句“Theyweresavedforcampingtripsorthenightsmydadwasinchargeofdinner.(即食食品是要被节省下来为外出旅游或者父亲负责做饭时才可以吃)”可知，父亲负责做饭时，我们可以选择吃即食食品。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我们面临困难的决定。A.tough困难的；B.dangerous危险的；C.wise明智的；D.careless粗心的。根据“Itwasn'tjustabouttheentree(主菜)whichwasprintedonthefrontofthepack(那不是打印在包装前面的主菜)”可知，那不是打印在包装前面的主菜，因此我们面临困难的决定。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那也不是在包装外面被提到的额外的事物：第12号菜单：肉饼；第17号菜单：牛排。A.extras额外的事物；B.addresses地址；C.cookies甜饼；D.brands商标。根据“thedrycakeorthebrownie;thecookiesorthepeanutbutter(干蛋糕或者巧克力方块蛋糕；甜饼或者坚果奶油)”可知，这些东西都是额外的食品。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我不知选择哪一个时，我第一次经历了焦虑。A.disappointment失望；B.excitement兴奋；C.anxiety焦虑；D.fright害怕。根据“whenIhadtochoosewhichoneIwanted.(当我不知选择哪一个时)”可知，作者不知选择什么时，自然会感到焦虑。故选C。,【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：盯着放在柜台上的包装的东西，我提心吊胆。A.Throwingaway扔掉；B.Arguingabout争论；C.Puttingaside搁置；D.Staringat盯着。根据“Ihadmyheartinmymouth.(我提心吊胆)”可知，作者很紧张，不知选择哪一个，只能盯着放在柜台上的包装的东西。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在抓到一个东西之前，我的手在颤抖。A.stretching延伸；B.aching疼痛；C.shaking颤抖；D.rising上升。根据上句“Ihadmyheartinmymouth.(我提心吊胆)”可知，作者很紧张，因此手在抓东西时在颤抖。故选C。【30题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：没有什么食物能比得上来自那些棕色塑料袋里的食品，这就是为什么当我看到在亚马逊上销售即食食品时，我以15美元一个的价格买了一些。A.Anything任何事；B.Nothing没有什么；C.Everything一切；D.Something某物。根据上文“Growingup,Ialwayshada(n)3forMeals,(在成长过程中，我对即食食品很有感情)”可知，没有什么食物能比得上来自那些棕色塑料袋里的即食食品。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有什么食物能比得上来自那些棕色塑料袋里的食品，这就是为什么当我看到在亚马逊上销售即食食品时，我以15美元一个的价格买了一些。A.trips旅行；B.display展示；C.soldiers士兵；D.sale销售。根据“Iboughtsomefor$15apiece”可知，我买了一些，是因为在亚马逊逊上有销售的。固定搭配forsale(在销售)，故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在社交媒体上发布了一张照片，我以前的战友都笑了。A.took带；B.posted发布；C.spotted发现；D.described描述。根据“apictureonsocialmedia”可知，此处是在社交媒体上发布了一张照片。故选B。【33题详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：但是，当我打开送来的东西时，就好像在挖掘一个装满我孩提时代的收藏品。A.asif好像；B.incase万一；C.evenif即使；D.nowthat既然。根据“I'dunearthedaboxfilledwithchildhoodmemorabilia.”可知，作者小心翼翼的样子就像是在挖掘一个装满我孩提时代的收藏品。故选A。【34题详解】,考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我父亲24年的军队生涯中，我们家住在5个州的不同房子里。A.remote遥远的；B.cheap便宜的；C.private私人的；D.different不同的。根据“infivestates”可知，他们是住在不同地方的房子里。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我从来没有家乡，但军队曾经是——现在仍然是——我的家，而即食食品也是其中的一部分。A.Army军队；B.State州；C.Car小车；D.Internet网络。根据“Duringmyfather's24-yearArmycareer,”可知，父亲在部队服役时间很长，作者跟随父亲辗转五个州，因此部队就是他的家。故选A。非选择题部分注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。InNorthwestChina'sGansuProvince___36___(lie)ZhangyeNationalGeopark,whichisblessedwithaspectacularDanxia(redcloud)landformarea___37___(cover)about19squaremiles.TheDanxialandformsare___38___masterpieceofnature.Thecolorfulmountainridgesarejustlikeanoverturnedpalettefromheaven.Bandsoffieryred,creamyorange,richgreenandbrightyellowstreakacrossthemountain,forming___39___isknownasthemostbeautifulrainbowmountain.Theincrediblelandscapeswerecreatedbysandstoneandmineralspilingontopofoneanotherovertheyearsduetotectonicplatemovements.Wind,rain,andtinethencarvedtherockformationsandrollinghillsinto___40___(vary)extraordinaryshapes,includingtowers,pillarsandvalleys.___41___(declare)aUNESCOWorldHeritagesitein2010andanationalgeoparkin2011,thelandformhasbecomeatoptourist___42___(attract).Theparkfeaturesaseriesofboardwalksthatallowvisitorstowalkaroundthecolorfulsandstonelandscapes.Thereareviewingplatforms___43___(special)designed,enablingtouriststogetclosetothehillsandfeasttheireyes___44___themagnificentsightswithoutdamagingthefragileecosystem.Shuttlebusserviceisavailable,making____45____easyfortouriststogetaroundthepark.【答案】36.lies37.covering38.a39.what,40.various41.Declared42.attraction43.specially44.on##upon45.it【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述中国西北部的甘肃省张掖国家地质公园里的丹霞地貌。【36题详解】考查动词时态。句意：在中国西北部的甘肃省有个张掖国家地质公园，这里很幸运地拥有大约19平方英里的壮观的丹霞（赤云）地貌。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查倒装句的谓语动词，表示地点的介词短语InNorthwestChina'sGansuProvince位于句首时，句子谓语要全部倒装；这句话是描述现在的事实，所以谓语用一般现在时；主语是ZhangyeNationalGeopark，所以谓语用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填lies。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：见第1题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查现在分词做后置定语，修饰名词短语aspectacularDanxia(redcloud)landformarea，是被修饰的名词是逻辑主谓关系。故填covering。【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：丹霞地貌是大自然的杰作。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查不定冠词修饰可数名词单数，表示“一个”的意思，且masterpiece是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。【39题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：成片的火红色，奶油橙，深绿色和亮黄色在山脉间留下一条条痕迹，形成了最有名的漂亮的彩虹山。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词form后面的宾语从句结构。从句中缺少主语，指物，表示“什么”的意思，应用what引导。故填what。【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：风，雨和叉把岩层和起伏的山丘雕刻成各种各样独特的形状，包括塔，柱子和山谷的样子。并且根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查形容词修饰后面的名词shapes。故填various。,【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在2010年被宣布成为世界教科文组织文化遗产和在2011年被宣布为国家地质公园，这个地貌已经成为最受游客们欢迎的旅游胜地。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查过去分词做状语，动词declare和被修饰的主语thelandform是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动。故填Declared。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：见第6题。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查名词作表语，前面有不定冠词a修饰，所以用单数形式。故填attraction。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：有被特别设计的观景台，可以让游客们近距离接近这些山脉并且尽情的欣赏这些壮观的风景，同时还不会毁坏这里脆弱的生态系统。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查副词修饰动词designed。故填specially。【44题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：见四8题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定搭配feasttheireyeson/upon，表示“让他们大饱眼福”的意思。故填on或upon。【45题详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：有班车接送就使得游客们游览公园变得容易了。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查it做make的形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语togetaroundthepark。故填it。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）46.假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter参与策划校园“中国文化节”，来信请你推荐一些活动项目。现请你给他回复一封邮件，内容包括：1.活动项目名称；2.推荐理由；3.预祝活动成功。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】DearPeter,,Knowingthatyouareamemberofdesignersofyourschool’sChineseCultureFestivals,Iammorethangladtogiveyousometipsontheperformances.First,itwillbeveryattractivetopreparespecialtydishesofChina.Youcaninvitethecooksofyourschooltodothem.Besides,Ithinkifitispossible,studentsandteachersdressedintheirtraditionalcostumesmayalsobeawonderfulsight.What’sthemostimportantisthatyou’dbettersparesomeareasforourIntangibleCulturalHeritage,suchaspaper-cutting,flyingkites,whichmustbeamazingtoallpeoplepresent.Hopeeverythinggoeswell!Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Peter推荐一些有关校园“中国文化节”的活动项目。【详解】1.词汇积累非常：morethan→very高兴：glad→happy建议：tip→suggestion此外：Besides→what’smore2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：FirstitwillbeveryattractivetopreparespecialtydishesofChina.Youcaninvitethecooksofyourschooltodothem.拓展句：First,itwillbeveryattractivetopreparespecialtydishesofChina,whichyoucaninvitethecooksofyourschooltodo.【点睛】【高分句型1】Besides,Ithinkifitispossible,studentsandteachersdressedintheirtraditionalcostumesmayalsobeawonderfulsight.（由省略that引导的宾语从句和if引导的条件状语从句）【高分句型2】What’sthemostimportantisthatyou’dbettersparesomeareasforourIntangibleCulturalHeritage,suchaspaper-cutting,flyingkites,whichmustbeamazingtoallpeoplepresent.,（由what引导的主语从句，that引导的表语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句）第二节读后续写（满分25分）47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Isabelsatcarefullyinsertingpapersintoafolder.ShehadbeenattheGatewayNatureCenter'sofficeallmorningandwaswearyoffiling.Shewanteddesperatelytoworkwiththeanimals,especiallythebirdsinthecenter.Buthermom,whowastheassistantdirectorofthecenter,saidIsabelwastooyoung."I'vebeenaweekendvolunteerthiswholeschoolyear.Iknowmoreaboutbirdsthanalmostanyoneelsehere,"shesaidtoherself,recallingasevidencetheextensiveresearchshehaddonereadingbooksandwebsitesonnaturalhistory.Thenshesighed.Shehadneverbeengoodatspeakingupforherself.Suddenly,thequietwasshatteredbyAmyJensenburstinginandlettingthedoorslam.Isabelfeltherselfshrink.Amy,whohadbeenavolunteerabitlongerthanIsabel,walkedaroundasifshewereinchargeoftheplace."Hey,Isabel."shebarked,plantingahandonIsabel'sshoulder.Isabelwilledherselftoremainstill,thoughshewouldhavelovedtobrushAmy'shandoffJustthen,Isabel'smotherrushedintotheroomwithMr.Garza,thecustodian(管理员)."ThehurricaneisenteringtheGulf,"shereported."TheGulfShorePreserveneedshelppreparingforthestorm.I'vegottogodownthere.Youshouldbeokayuphere,butIneedyougirlstohelpMr.Garzagetthestormshuttersdownintheaviary(鸟舍).StayinsidewithMr.Garzaafteryougetthestormshuttersdown."Isabelleapedtoherfeet,excitedtohaveanopportunitytohelpthebirds.Mr.Garzaandthegirlsworkedquicklyandweresoonbackinside,listeningtothewindbatterandrattletheshutters.WhenMr.Garzafoundanemergencyweatherreportonthecomputer,aconcernedexpressioncrossedhisface."Astormisheadingourway,"heannounced.Amy'seyeswidenedinhorror.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph1:,"Theaviaryistobeflooded."Isabelthoughtoherself._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Afterseveralhours,Isabel’smomreturnedtothecenter._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】“Theaviaryistobeflooded.”Isabelthoughtoherself.Shewasrestlessbecausesheknewthebirdstoowellandshewasworriedthattheaviarywouldbeflooded,whichwouldscarethebirds.Shecouldn'twaittotellMr.Garzathattheyshouldprotectthechickenaviaryfrombeingflooded.ButMr.Garzasaiditwastoodangerousforthemtogooutside.IsabelignoredMr.Garza'swarningandsherushedoutoftheofficetotheaviary.Quicklyshegotaladderandplasticsheetsandclimbeduptheladdertocoveroneaviaryafteranotherwithplasticsheets,afterwhichshecamebacktotheoffice,aswetasadrownedrat.Afterseveralhours,Isabel'smomreturnedtothecenter.Whensheenteredtheoffice,shesawIsabel,whowasdrenched.Shewasconcernedaboutherdaughter.Mr.Garzatoldherwhathadhappened.Shewasverymoved.Shewasproudofherdaughter'sbravebehavior.Atthistime,shebelievedthatIsabelwasverysuitabletoworkwiththeanimals.Whatshecoulddowasnotjusthelpsortoutdocuments.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了伊莎贝尔在GatewayNatureCenter做志愿者，她厌倦了整理资料，她非常想做一些和动物有关的工作，一天，暴风雨即将来临，她的妈妈去了海湾海岸保护区，走时交代她帮加尔扎先生把鸟舍的挡风玻璃关上，然后待在办公室里面，加尔扎先生说一场风暴正朝他们袭来。【详解】1.段落续写：①,由第一段首句内容““鸟舍将被淹没。”伊莎贝尔自言自语。”可知，第一段可描写伊莎贝尔如何帮助保护鸟舍不被淹。②由第二段首句内容“几个小时后，伊莎贝尔的妈妈回到了中心。”可知，第二段可描写伊莎贝尔的妈妈改变对伊莎贝尔的看法。2.续写线索：告诉加尔扎先生——冲出办公室——盖塑料布——妈妈的想法改变3.词汇激活行为类①冲出：rushoutof/dashoutof②爬上：climbedup/ascend③覆盖：cover/blanket④认为：believe/think情绪类①担心的：anxious/concerned②感动的：moved/touched【点睛】[高分句型1]Quicklyshegotaladderandplasticsheetsandclimbeduptheladdertocoveroneaviaryafteranotherwithplasticsheets,afterwhichshecamebacktotheoffice,aswetasadrownedrat.（由“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句）[高分句型2]Whensheenteredtheoffice,shesawIsabel,whowasdrenched.（由关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句和when引导的时间状语从句）听力答案：1-5CCABC6-10BACBA11-15AACAB16-20BBCBC