河南省天一大联考2022届高三英语上学期阶段性测试（二）（附解析）

绝密★启用前天一大联考2021-2022学年高中毕业班阶段性测试(二)英语考生注意：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Wholikesthefilm?A.Susan.B.Tom.C.John.2.Whendidthemovieactuallystart?A.At17:00.B.At17:30.C.At18:00.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Inafoodstore.C.Inaclothesshop.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Bossandsecretary.C.Husbandandwife.5.Whatwillthespeakersgetreadyfor? A.Abirthdayparty.B.Awelcomeparty.C.Asend-offparty.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Onabus.B.Nearabusstop.C.Inastore.7.Whatdidthemando?A.Hehurtthewoman.B.Hehelpedthewomancarrythebags.C.Hemadethewomandropthebags.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Sheisareceptionist.B.Sheisatraveler.C.Sheisacleaner.9.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Hisdaughterhascaughtacold.B.Theroomhelivesinistoohot.C.Somethingiswrongwiththeelectricheater.10.Whatwillthewomandoforthemanfirst?A.Bringhimtwotowels.B.Gethimsomehotwater.C.Lookafterhisdaughters.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whereisthemanspeakerlearningtodrive?A.AtRobert’sDrivingSchool.B.AtRussell’sDrivingSchool.C.AtRupert’sDrivingSchool.12.Whendidthemantakehisdrivingtest?A.Lastweek.B.Lastmonth.C.Yesterday.13.Whydidthemanfailthelasttest?A.Hedidn’tparkintherightplace.B.Hehitsomethingduringhisdriving.C.Hedrovethroughtheredlight. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Wherearethespeakers?A.Attheman’s.B.Atthewoman’s.C.Attheman’sboss’s.15.Whatisthewomanprobably?A.Ateacher.B.Adoctor.C.Anurse.16.Whendidthemangraduate?A.3yearsago.B.13yearsago.C.30yearsago.17.Whatkindofpersonalitydoesthewomanhave?A.Shy.B.Outgoing.C.Selfish.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whycan’ttheclockbesoldeasily?A.Itisn’tvaluable.B.Ithasanobviousmark.C.Itdoesn’twork.19.Howdidthecollegegettheantiqueglasses?A.Theyweregivenbyadirector.B.TheywerepresentedbyArnolfini.C.Thecollegeboughtthemfromthemarket.20.Whichstolenobjectworriesthespeakermost?A.Thevideorecorder.B.Apaintingofthecollege.C.Examinationpapers.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHottestTravelDestinationsSometimesfiguringoutthebestplacetogocanbedifficult.Herearesomehottesttraveldestinationsthatoffersomeofthemostbeautiful,artistic,andfashionableplacesontheglobe.Ibiza,SpainWhileIbizaisknownasapartycity,thereisfarmoretodointhishistorictownthansimplydrinkanddanceunderthestars.Builtmainlyinthesecondcentury,it’saworldheritagesitewitharchitecturedatingbacktoasearlyasthe7thcentury.Don’tmissCharoRuiz,Ibiza’smostfamous fashionbrand.Plus,theIbizaFashionFestivaltakesplaceeveryJune.Tangier,MoroccoKnownasthe"doortoAfrica",Tangierhasarichandcomplexhistorydatingbackthirtycenturies.Ithasallthebeautyofthenaturalworld.AfterspendingamorningsunbathingbytheMediterraneanSea,getinsomeamazingshoppinganddiscovergreatdealsoneverything.Beforeyouheadhome,stopoffinMarakeshtovisitsomeofthetopMoroccandesigners.Havana,CubaSteppingontothestreetsofHavanafeelslikesteppingbackintime.Foradayofsightseeing,checkouttheremainingarchitectureofOldHavana,whichwasbuilttencenturiesago.Youcaneasilydoitwithoneofthearea’smanywalkingtours.OrvisittheMuseumofRumforatasteoftheisland’smostpopularwine.Youmightcomeacrossaclothingshopofferingsomeclassicfinds!Melbourne,AustraliaBuiltlargelyduringthe1850sgoldrush,Melbourneremainsasaliveasever.MakesuretocheckoutthehottestAustralianbrands.Moreover,visittheBlockArcadeinCollinsStreettoseesomeofthe19thcenturyarchitecturaldetailstheworldhastooffer.And,ifyouwanttocatchthelargestconsumerfashionfestivalintheworld,grabticketsfortheyearlyVirginAustraliaMelbourneFashionFestival.21.WhatcanvisitorsdoinbothIbizaandHavana?A.Tastelocalwine.B.VisitmodernMuseums.C.Appreciateancientbuildings.D.Enjoypartiesunderthestars.22.Toattendthegloballylargestconsumerfashionfestival,youhavetogoto.A.SpainB.MoroccoC.CubaD.Australia23.Whichofthefollowingcitiesistheoldest?A.Ibiza.B.Tangier.C.Havana.D.Melbourne.B36-year-oldJuanDuallikestojokethathe’semptyinside.Juan’sstorybeganwhenhewasonly13.Itwasthenthathewasdiagnosedwithaterribledisease,whichlefthimwitha99.8%chanceofdevelopingcancerofthedigestivesystem.Atage19,rightafterfinishinghigh-school,Juanunderwentatoughoperationtotakeawayhiscolon(结肠)andrectum(直肠).Sadly,itwasonlythebeginning.Byage28,Juan’sdiseasehadaffectedhisstomachandgallbladder(胆囊)sohehadto goundertheknifeagain.Havingjustrecoveredfromseveralserioussurgeries,JuanDualdecidedtoaccepttheinvitationofsomefriendsofhisparentsandtraveltoJapan.Itwastherethatthingsstartedtochangeforthebetter.Hedidn’tspeakawordofJapanese,sohespentmostofhistimewalkinghisdog.Oneday,thedogpulledharder,andJuanrealizedthathewasstillabletojog,andhestartedtodojustthat.Monthslater,hefoundhimselfworkinginasmall,peacefultowninEngland.Therewaslittleintermsofentertainment,butthetownwassurroundedbyhills,sohedevotedevenmoreofhistimetorunning.Hebefriendedsomelike-mindedfolksandtoldthemwhathe’dbeenthrough,andtheyseemedamazedatthefactthathewasstillalive,letalonethathewaspushinghimselftoexercise.That’swhentheideaoffocusingonmotivatingotherstookrootinhismind.WiththehelpofPepa,anutritionist,JuanDualslowlyrelearnedhowtoeattokeephisenergylevelhighenoughtosustainhimduringphysicalactivity.Eightmonthsafterhislastoperation,hefinishedtheBarcelonahalfmarathonintwohours.Hethenstartedtrainingformountainrunningandultra-marathons.24.WhydoesJuanDualsayheisemptyinside?A.Becausehehasnodesireforanything.B.Becausehedoesn’thavemuchknowledge.C.Becausehealwayssuffersfromgreathunger.D.Becausemanyofhisorganshavebeenremoved.25.WhatmadeJuanDualawarethathecouldstillrun?A.Hisparents’support.C.Theideaofchallenginghimself.B.Awalkwithhisdog.D.Hisquickrecoveryfromsurgeries.26.WhendidJuanDualdecidetoinspireotherswithhisstory?A.AfterfinishingtheBarcelonahalfmarathon.B.AfterbeingintroducedtoanutritionistnamedPepa.C.AftersharingitwithhisfriendsinanEnglishtown.D.Aftermakingfriendswithpeoplewithsimilarsufferings.27.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeJuanDual?A.Ambitiousandintelligent.B.Inspiringandresponsible.C.Unfortunatebutdetermined.D.Confidentbutstubborn. CDengueisaverypainfulillnessspreadbymosquitoes.Inseverecases,denguecanevenbedeadly.Dengueisaseriousdiseaseaffectingpeopleinaround120countries.Itcancausehighfevers,headaches,andseverepain.It’scausedbyavirusspreadbybitesfrommosquitoes.Therefore,dengueismorecommoninwarmareas.Everyyear,roughly390millionpeoplegetdengue,andasmanyas25,000diefromit.Nowscientistsseemtohavefoundawaytoprotecthumansfromdenguebyfirstprotectingmosquitoes.Denguefeveriscausedbyavirus.Thoughitmayseemstrangetothinkofitthisway,themosquitoesthatspreadthedenguevirusarealsoinfectedwithit.Butthevirusdoesn’tseemtohurtthemosquitoes.Wolbachiaisakindofbacteriacommonlyfoundinmanyinsects.Insomeinsects,Wolbachiacankeepsomevirusesfromduplicatingthemselves,whichishowvirusesgrowinsideabody.Wolbachiaisn’tnaturallyfoundinmosquitoes.ButbyinfectingthesemosquitoeswithWolbachia,scientistscankeepthemosquitoesfromcatchingthedenguevirus.Evenbetter,theyoungmosquitoescomingfromtheeggsoftheinfectedmosquitoesalsocarryWolbachia.ResearchersworkingwiththeWorldMosquitoProgram(WMP)rana27-monthstudyinYogyakarta,Indonesia.Theysplita10-square-mileareaupinto24smallerareas.Inhalfoftheareas,thescientistsdidnothing.Intheotherhalf,theysetoutcontainersofeggsfrommosquitoesthathadWolbachia.Theydidthiseverytwoweeksforjust4to6months.Tenmonthslater,80%ofthemosquitoesinthetreatedareascarriedWolbachia.Theresearchersreportthenumberofdenguecasesinthetreatedareaswasreducedby77%andthatthenumberofpeopleneedinghospitalcarefordenguedroppedby86%.Becausetheresultsoftheexperimentweresogood,theWMPhasplacedWolbachia-infectedmosquitoeggsinallpartsofYogyakartaandsurroundingareas.TheWMPsaysthatwithinayear,theireffortswillprotect2.5millionpeopleagainstdengueandthattheireffortswillbeturnedintoaprogramthatcanberepeatedworldwide.28.Whatkindofdiseaseisdengue?A.Itislikelytocausedeath.B.Itcausesnopainbutfevers.C.Ithappenslessofteninhotareas.D.Ithurtsbothpeopleandmosquitoes.29.Theunderlinedword"duplicating"inparagraph3mostprobablymeans"". A.worseningtheharmofB.expandingthesizeofC.increasingforcesofD.makingcopiesof30.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthemethodfromthefigureslistedinparagraph5?A.Itswideuse.B.Itseffectiveness.C.Itscomplexity.D.Itseasyoperation.31.What’stheWMP’sattitudetowardsthemethod?A.Ambiguous.B.Positive.C.Tolerant.D.Skeptical.DInAustralia,plentyofwildthingscanbiteorsting(刺伤)you.Strangelyenough,oneofthemisatree.Nowscientistshavefiguredoutwhatmakesthetree’sstingsobad.TherainforestsofeasternAustraliaarehometoastingingtreeknownasDendrocnide.Manypeoplecallitthegympie-gympietree-anamegiventothetreebynativeAustralians.It'scoveredwithsharp,needle-likehairsthatcarrypoison.Ifyoutouchagympie-gympietree,youwon’tforgetitanytimesoon.Thepaincanstaywithyouforhours,daysorweeks.Insomecases,it’sbeenreportedtostayformonths.Scientistshavelonglookedforthesourceofthispowerfulsting.NowresearchersattheUniversityofQueenslandhavediscoveredwhatmakesthisstingingplantsopainful.Aftercarefullystudyingdifferentkindsofgympie-gympietrees,thescientistswereabletoseparateoutdifferentchemicalsthatthetreesproduce.Thisallowedthemtoidentifyagroupofchemicalsthattheybelievedwasresponsibleforthepain.Theresearcherscreatedartificialversionsofthesechemicals,whichtheycall"gympietides".Sureenough,whenthescientistsinjectedmicewithgympietides,themicelicked(舔)attheplaceswherethey’dbeeninjected,indicatingthattheyhurtinthoseplaces.Whenthescientistsstudiedthewaygympietideswerebuilt,theyfoundthattheyformedaknot-likeshape.Theshapemakesthechemicalsverystable,whichhelpsexplainwhythepainstayssolong.Theknot-likeshapeofthegympietideswassimilartotheshapeofpoisonsproducedbypoisonousspidersandconesnails.Thescientistsweresurprisedtoseethreeverydifferentkindsoflifeallusingsimilarpoisons.Spidersandconesnailscarrypoisonsbecausetheycatchfoodbystingingothercreatures.It’snotclearhowstinginghelpsthegympie-gympietree.Thoughthetree’sstingmaystopsomeanimalsfromeatingit,itdoesn’tstopallanimals.Beetlesandpademelons(smallrelativesofthekangaroo)areabletoeattheplantwithouttrouble. 32.Whyisatouchonthestingingtreeunforgettable?A.Becauseithassounusualanappearance.B.Becauseitisextremelyrareinexistence.C.Becausetouchingitcreatesaquitestrangefeeling.D.Becausethepaincausedbyitdoesn’tgoawayquickly.33.Whatdoscientistsfailtofindoutaboutthestingingtree?A.Howitproducespoisons.B.Whatpoisonsitproduces.C.Howitbenefitsfromthesting.D.Theconsequencesofitssting.34.Whatdoesthetextimplyaboutthestingingtree?A.Itproducesthesamepoisonsasspiders.B.Poisonousasitis,italsohasnaturalenemies.C.Animalsarewiseenoughtostayawayfromit.D.Onlyonechemicalinitcausespaintothetoucher.35.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.ScientistsDiscoverStingingTree’sSecretB.Caution:StingingTreeCanBiteandPoisonYouC.ScientistsDiscoveraStrangeSpeciesinAustraliaD.EffectiveWaystoAvoidBeingHurtbyStingingTree第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whetheryou'reattendingadinnerpartyorspendingafewnightswithafamilymemberorfriend,knowingandfollowingpropermannersforguestsisnecessary.36.Ifyoureceivetheinvitationinwriting,followupwithareplyinwriting.Averbalinvitationcanbeansweredeitherwithanoteorphonecall.Getintouchwiththehostassoonaspossible.It’salwaysagoodideatoarrivewithin10to15minutesoftheappointedtimeontheinvitation.Ifyougettheretooearly,youmightbeinthewayduringpartypreparations.Conversely(相反地),ifyougetthereanhourlate,youmightmisssomethingimportant.37,suchasaconcert,wedding,funeralorgraduation. Respectyourhost’spersonalspace.Thismeansyoushouldneverbreakintoaroomwithacloseddoororinterruptaconversation.Don’texpectyourhosttowanttospendtheentiredaywithyou.38.Andthatincludesyourgeneroushost.Allparties,personalvisits,andovernightstaysshouldendwhileyou’restillhavinganicetime.Therefore,youshouldknowtoleave.Besides,youshouldalwayssendathank-younoteafteraparty,longvisit,orovernightstay.Dothisassoonasyougethome.Thankthehost,makeapositivecommentaboutsomeaspectofthevisit,andendwithanoteaboutlookingforwardtoseeinghimorheragain.39.Beingaguestwithgoodmannersmeansmuchmorethanjustshowingupandbeingthelifeoftheparty.40,soyouneedtoshowyourappreciationbybeingkindandpolite.A.EveryoneneedsalittletimealoneB.ThehosttriestoinviteandentertainyouC.YoushouldalwaysrespondtoaninvitationD.AwkwardsituationshappenfromtimetotimeE.YoumightevenofferaninvitationtoyourhomeF.AlwaysbethoughtfulandkeepyourhostinmindG.Therearetimeswhenit'snecessarytobeontime第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。IwasblessedforallthespecialmomentsIhadwithmymother.Whenshewas82,shethoughtshewas41mebyaskingmetotakehertothemanydoctorvisitsshehad,butitwasa42formetospendtimewithher.Itriedtomakean43ofourdaystogether.Oneday,whileweweredrivinganddecidingwheretoeatlunch,Isawalargearcade(电子游戏厅).ThenI44.Thearcadewasmostly45exceptforachildren’sbirthdaygatheringinthebackcorner.I46thespecialbuffetlunch,anditcamewithfiftytokens(游戏币)forthearcadegames.47theshinygoldentokens,Mom’seyesopenedwide.Therewasloudmusicplayingandsomeoneinamousecostume48thelittlechildrento dance.Mymotherwas49bythedancingmouse,andweswungalonginourseats.Welaughedasthekidstriedtofollowthemouse’s50.Afterweate,itwastimeto51thosegoldentokens.Momwas52ofplayingSkee-Ballandcollectingtickets.Shemovedfromgametogamelikeachild.Shehad53whenwatchingonemachinespewout(吐出)seventicketsagainandagain!Shelaughedaboutthesuper54stringofticketsandplacedthemaroundhernecklikeanecklace.Ihandedhertokenaftertokenforthenextgametobeplayeduntilourtokenswereall55.Thenwewenttotradeinour56atthecounter.Westoodthereforalongwhileasmymothertriedto57whattogetwithhertickets.58,shechoseatoywhistle(哨子)withapictureofthemouseonit.Theclerkgaveheranextraone,forme,sowe59themtogetherhappily.Ikeepthatwhistleonmydesk,asa60ofawonderfulexperiencewithmymomaswesatisfiedherwillingnesstomakethemostofeveryday.41.A.confusingB.embarrassingC.challengingD.bothering42.A.trialB.privilegeC.rightD.shame43.A.alarmB.excuseC.adventureD.experience44.A.pulledupB.cutinC.fellbehindD.brokedown45.A.messyB.modernC.secureD.empty46.A.finishedB.soldC.orderedD.promoted47.A.WinningB.SeeingC.BuyingD.Imagining48.A.requiringB.convincingC.remindingD.encouraging49.A.delightedB.relievedC.annoyedD.frightened50.A.interestsB.thoughtsC.movesD.expressions51.A.countB.useC.storeD.return52.A.afraidB.proudC.ashamedD.fond53.A.funB.timeC.patienceD.courage54.A.thickB.valuableC.longD.flexible55.A.absentB.goneC.accessibleD.reserved56.A.awardsB.belongingsC.honorsD.tickets57.A.decideB.acceptC.recordD.remember58.A.InstantlyB.ActuallyC.FinallyD.Honestly 59.A.blewB.decoratedC.fixedD.knocked60.A.meansB.souvenirC.reasonD.consequence第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。BritishbillionaireRichardBransonissettogointospaceonSundayonarocketplanebuiltbythespacetourismcompanycreatedby61(he).He'lljointwopilotsandthreeotherexpertsontheflight.VirginGalactic-thebusinessBransonstartedin2004-aimstoflyprivate62(citizen)totheedgeofspace.Thetripsaredesignedtopermitpassengers63(experience)threetofourminutesofweightlessnessandobservethecurvature(曲度)ofEarth.VirginGalactic'sexperiencetakesplaceinaspaceplane64(call)VSSUnity.Alargecarrierairplane65(carry)thespaceplaneto15,000meters.VSSUnitythenfliestotheedgeofEarth’satmosphere,66(depend)onrocketpower.ThetripwillbeginandendatVirginGalactic’sSpaceportAmericacomplexinthesouthwesternstateofNewMexico.Theflightisexpectedtocarrythegroupto67heightofabout89kilometers.Virgin’smissionmarksthe22ndtestflight68thespacecraft,andfourthcrewedtripbeyondEarth’satmosphere.Butitwillbethefirsttocarryafullgroupofspacetravelersinadditiontopilots.If69(success),Sunday’sflightwillmeanthatBransonmadeittospacebeforeJeffBezos-the70(create)ofcompetingspacetourismcompanyBlueOrigin.第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下而写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。 LastSundayinthelibrary,therewasanoldwomaninfrontofmecheckoutseveralbooks.Thelibrarianaskedherthatshewantedtopaythe$4.25fineonheraccount.Shehesitatedforseveralsecondsormore,afterwhatshesaidinasoftlyvoice,"Icanpayonlyonedollartoday."Ilookedintomypurseandfounda5-dollarbills.IgaveittothelibrarianandsaidthatI’dcoverwiththat.Afterthelibrarianhandedmetomychange,Ipushedthewoman’sdollarbacktoherandtoldfinehadtakencareof.Sheisamazedandthankedme.Thenhewalkedawayfeelinggood.Ifeltgood,either.第二节书面表达(满分25分)你校将举行英语作文比赛。请你以“BenefitsofExercisingRegularly”为题写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：1.定期运动的好处；2.你的建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。BenefitsofExercisingRegularly