（新高考）2022届高三英语上学期第一次月考备考A卷（带解析）

（新高考）此卷只装订不密封班级姓名准考证号考场号座位号此卷只装订不密封班级姓名准考证号考场号座位号2021-2022学年上学期高三第一次月考备考金卷英语（A）注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第Ⅰ卷（选择题）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）1.Wherearethetwospeakers?A.Inaplane.B.Attheairport.C.Attherailwaystation.2.Howmanychairsareneeded?A.13.B.14.C.15.3.Whereisthemannow?A.InWashington.B.InNewYork.C.InBoston.4.Wheredoesthisdialoguemostprobablytakeplace?A.Inaconcert.B.Inamuseum.,C.Inarestaurant.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hedoesn'tlikeJapanesefood.B.Hedoesn'twanttoeatout.C.Hewantstopay.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听第6段材料，回答第6-8题。6.Wheredidthemanfindhisschoolbag?A.Underatree.B.Inthelanguagelab.C.Inapark.7.Whatisthepriceofthebag?A.$69.50.B.$69.15.C.$59.60.8.Howlongwillthewomanhavetowaittogetthenextweatherreport?A.30minutes.B.20minutes.C.10minutes.听第7段材料，回答第9-11题。9.Whereisthebank?A.Besidethesupermarket.B.Oppositethesupermarket.C.Nexttothebookstore.10.Howfaristhebank?A.Twoblocksaway.B.Threeblocksaway.C.Fourblocksaway.11.Whichdoesthemanchoosetotake?A.BusNo.104.B.StreetcarB-102.C.StreetcarB-201.,听第8段材料，回答第12-14题。12.Whereistheman’smothernow?A.Inthehospital.B.Athome.C.Intheoffice13.Whydoesthemanaskaweekoff?A.Becausehehastoseeadoctor.B.Becauseheneedstolookafterhismother.C.Becausehehasn’thiredanyonetohelphimyet.14.Whydoesthewomanadmiretheman?A.Becauseheisagoodson.B.Becauseheishelpful.C.Becauseheisasuccessfulman.听第9段材料，回答第15-17题。15.WhydoesStevekeepemptycans?A.Hismothercollectsthemasahobby.B.Hewantstousethemagain.C.Hewantstosellthemtothedustman.16.WhatisNOTmentionedasreusable(可再度使用的)inthisdialogue?A.Glass.B.Paper.C.Metal.17.Whatdoesthegovernmentdotoavoidwaste?A.Thegovernmentlimitstheuseofplastic.B.Thegovernmentproducesalotofbamboochopsticks.C.Thegovernmentencouragestheuseofpaperforfastfoodboxes.听第10段材料，回答第18-20题。18.Whydidthemandecidetoleavethecollege,inhissecondterm?A.Hedidn'tlikethebiglectureclasses.B.Hecouldn'taffordfurthereducation.C.Hewasnotinterestedineducation.,19.Whatdoeshethinkofhisworkexperiences?A.Theywerepersonallyrewarding.B.Theyshouldbepartofschoollife.C.TheygavehimachancetolearnGerman.20.Whereistheuniversityhedecidestogotointheend?A.InSouthCarolina.B.InFlorida.C.InOhio.【答案】1-5BBACC6-10AABBC11-15CABAC16-20BCAAC第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ANobodysaysschooliseasy.Studyingisdifficult,asismemorizinginformationforatest.Fortunately,therearebooksthatcanhelpyoutomakedealingwithschooleasier.UnlimitedMemorybyKevinHorsleyThisbookisabestsellerinmemoryimprovement.Ithasstrategiestohelplearnfasterandbecomemoreproductive.Ofcourse,havingagoodmemorycomesinhandyoutsideoftheclassroomaswell.Really,thisisagreatbookforlifeingeneral.OnCoursebySkipDowningItisanotherbookworthreading.Initseighthedition,thebookprovidesself-assessmenttoolstohelpidentifywhatisneededtochangeforacademicsuccess.Itcontainsguidedjournalentriestohelpreaderswithresponsibility,self-management,self-awareness,learningandself-esteem.Student’sGuidetoWritingCollegePapersbyKateL.TurabianManystudentsreachcollegeandfindthatessaywritingincollegeisverydifferentfromthatinhighschool.Whetherthisisthecaseornot,Student’sGuidetoWritingCollegePapersisaperfectchoiceforthosewhowanttoimprovewritingskills.It’s,availableonKindleorinhardbackorpaperbackforms.Rightnow,thisoneisitsfourthedition.Thebookcoverswritingactualpaper,citingsources,andstyle.HowtoBecomeaStraight-AStudentbyCalNewportThebookcameoutin2006.Itenjoysgreatpopularityamonglearnersallovertheworld.Thebookdealswithdifferentapproachesandstrategiestohelpachievegoodacademicperformancebutspendlesstimeonstudying,withafocusonstudyingsmarter,notharder.It’savailableonKindleandinaudiobookandpaperbackforms.21.WhatdoyouknowaboutUnlimitedMemory?A.Itispracticalindailylife.B.Itispopularandsellsbest.C.Ithelpstoproducemoreworks.D.ItiswrittenbyKateL.Turabian.22.Whatdothelasttwobookshaveincommon?A.Theyhavevariousforms.B.Theyareworld-famousbooks.C.Theywerepublished15yearsago.D.Theymainlyfocusonimprovingwritingskills.23.Whoaretheintendedreaders?A.Parents.B.Children.C.Teachers.D.Students.【答案】21.A22.A23.D【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本有助于学生学习书籍。21．细节理解题。根据UnlimitedMemorybyKevinHorsley中“Really,thisisagreatbookforlifeingeneral.(说真的，这是一本对生活很重要的书)”可知，UnlimitedMemory是日常生活中一本很实用的书。故选A。22．细节理解题。根据Student’sGuidetoWritingCollegePapersbyKateL.Turabian中“It’savailableonKindleorinhardbackorpaperbackforms.Rightnow,thisoneisitsfourthedition.(这本书可以在Kindle上找到，也可以以精装本或平装本的形式找到。现在，这本书已经是第四版了)”和HowtoBecomeaStraight-AStudentby,CalNewport中“It’savailableonKindleandinaudiobookandpaperbackforms.(它可以在Kindle、有声读物和平装本上找到)”可知，最后两本书的共同之处是它们有多种形式。故选A。23．推理判断题。根据第一段“Nobodysaysschooliseasy.Studyingisdifficult,asismemorizinginformationforatest.Fortunately,therearebooksthatcanhelpyoutomakedealingwithschooleasier.(没人说上学容易。学习是困难的，为考试而记忆信息也是困难的。幸运的是，有一些书可以帮助你更容易地应对学校学习生活)”可知，上学不易，因为有些信息很难记忆，由此可知，作者写这篇文章主要是给学习有困难的学生推荐基本实用的书籍。故选D。BIn1939,seven-year-oldMiriamSchreibershouldhavestartedfirstgrade.Instead,shespentthatyear—andthefollowingfive—tryingtosurvive.ShewaslivinginPolandwhenWorldWarIIbrokeout.“Myentirelifewasruinedwithinminutes,”shesays.“Iwaslookingforwardtostartingschool.”Shenevermadeit.Andnothavingadegreehasalwaysbeenathorninherside.Decadeslater,though,thenow-89-year-oldHolocaustsurvivorfinallygotsomethingshehadalwayslongedfor.KapiloffBrander,directorofcommunityprogramsatJewishFamilyServices,reachedouttotheNewEnglandJewishAcademy,aJewishhighschool,toaskwhethertheschoolcouldhelpMariamfulfillherwish.RichardNabel,theprincipaloftheschool,broughtafewseniorstudentstoMiriam’shometohearherstorybeforetheycameupwiththeideaofpresentingheranhonorarydiplomaattheschool’s2020graduationceremony.MiriamsufferedalotinaslavelaborcampinSiberiabeforeshegotliberatedin1946.SheandherremainingfamilymemberswenttoarefugeecampinGermany,whereshegotmarriedandhadherfirstchildattheageof16.Havingspentyearsinrefugeecampsindifferentcountries,shefinallyimmigratedtoAmericain1960.Gettingaformaleducationwasneveranoptionforherbutshelearnedsevenlanguagesovertheyears.“Ieducatedmyself,”shesays.“Ireadbooksdayandnight.Istilldo.”OnAugust16,duringasociallydistancedceremonyintheschoolgym,MiriamwaspresentedwithahighschooldiplomafromtheNewEnglandJewishAcademy.,“Thereweren’ttoomanydryeyesamongthe30ofusthere,”saysNabel.Miriam’sfamilywasespeciallymoved.“I’mnotsuresheevenrealizestheimportanceofthatmomenttome,”saysBernie,hereldestson.“Iamsoproudofher.”24.WhatcanbelearnedaboutMariamfromparagraph1?A.Sheregrettednotbeingeducatedatschool.B.Shestartedfirstgradeattheageofseven.C.ShefeltluckytohavesurvivedWorldWarII.D.ShespentfiveyearsinPolandduringthewar.25.HowdidMariamgetherlong-cherishedwishfulfilled?A.Shemadeitthroughherownefforts.B.SheturnedtoKapiloffBranderforhelp.C.Theseniorstudentsthemselvespresentedadiplomatoher.D.RichardNabellearnedaboutherstoryanddecidedtohelp.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMariam?A.Educated.B.Intelligent.C.Determined.D.Patient.27.WhatdidNabelmeanbysaying“Thereweren’ttoomanydryeyes”?A.Mariam’sstorywasordinarybutinspiring.B.Mostofthosepresentweredeeplytouched.C.HewasimpressedbyMariamandwasproudofher.D.HefelthonoredtopresentMariamwithadiploma.【答案】24.A25.D26.C27.B【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了89岁的二战大屠杀幸存者Miriam的求学故事。战争的爆发使得她失去了上学的机会，战争时期的苦难没有打倒她，她一直坚持自学，读书，她的故事感动了新英格兰犹太学院和学生，授予了她荣誉文凭，帮她完成了夙愿。24．细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“‘Iwaslookingforwardtostartingschool.’Shenevermadeit.Andnothavingadegreehasalwaysbeenathorninherside.(“我很期待开学。”她没能成功。没有学位一直是她心中的刺。)”,可知，她一直期待去上学，但是却因为战争没能上学，这是令她感到遗憾的。故选A项。25．细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“RichardNabel,theprincipaloftheschool,broughtafewseniorstudentstoMiriam’shometohearherstorybeforetheycameupwiththeideaofpresentingheranhonorarydiplomaattheschool’s2020graduationceremony.(该校校长RichardNabel带了几名高年级学生去Miriam家听她的故事，然后他们想出了在学校2020年毕业典礼上授予她荣誉文凭的主意。)”可知，校长了解了Miriam的故事后，决定给与她荣誉文凭，完成她的梦想。故选D项。26．推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容“Gettingaformaleducationwasneveranoptionforherbutshelearnedsevenlanguagesovertheyears.‘Ieducatedmyself,’shesays.‘Ireadbooksdayandnight.Istilldo.’(接受正规教育从来都不是她的选择，但多年来她学会了7种语言。“我自学了，”她说。“我日夜读书。我现在仍然这样。”)”可知，虽然不能接受正规教育，但Miriam仍然坚持学习，读书，由此可推知，她是一个有决心的人。故选C项。27．词义猜测题。根据前文“OnAugust16,duringasociallydistancedceremonyintheschoolgym,MiriamwaspresentedwithahighschooldiplomafromtheNewEnglandJewishAcademy.(8月16日，在学校体育馆举行的一个社交疏远的仪式上，Miriam被授予了新英格兰犹太学院的高中文凭。)”可知，“eyes”应是指代参加了这个仪式的人，结合主人公Miriam的故事以及后文“Miriam’sfamilywasespeciallymoved.(Miriam的家人特别感动。)”可知，她能够得到文凭是令人感动的，因此可推知，句子“Thereweren’ttoomanydryeyes”应是表达“很多人都很感动”含义。故选B项。CIt’spossiblethatyourphone’sface-unlockmightfinallybeabletoworkwhileyou’rewearingamask.Researchershavefoundthatfacialrecognitionalgorithms(算法)aregettingbetteratrecognizingfacesinmasks,accordingtodatapublishedonTuesdaybytheNationalInstituteforStandardsandTechnology(NIST).Usingindependenttestingofmorethan150separatefacialrecognitionalgorithms,thenewreportsuggestsmasksmaynotbeasbigaproblemforfacialrecognitionsystemsasinitiallythought.WhenNISTfirstexaminedmasks’effectonfacialrecognitioninJuly2020,it,foundthatalgorithmsweren’tgreatatidentifyingfaceswithmasks.“Facerecognitioncanmakeerrors,whichcanimplicatepeopleforcrimestheyhaven’tcommitted,”writestheElectronicFrontierFoundation(EFF).“ItisparticularlybadatrecognizingAfricanAmericansandotherethnicminorities,women,andyoungpeople.”Butthepandemichasgivendevelopersplentyoftimetofocusonthemaskproblem,andNIST’sdatashowsthatfacialrecognitionalgorithmsaregettingbetteratworkingwithmaskedfaces.“Afterthepandemic,somedevelopershavesubmittedalgorithmswhichshowsignificantlyimprovedaccuracyandarenowamongthemostaccurateinourtest,”thereportreads.NIST’spublicrankingforfacialrecognitiontestsbearsoutthisreport.Eightdifferentalgorithmsnowholdfalseratesbelow0.05percent.Nevertheless,thereremainanumberoflimitationstothestudy.NISTresearchersdidnotemployactualimagesofmaskedfaces.Instead,theyappliedmasksdigitallytoensureconsistencyacrossthesample.Asaresult,“Wewerenotabletogetathoroughsimulation(模仿)oftheendlessvariationsincolor,design,shape,texture,andwaysmaskscanbeworn,”thereportstates.Thedigitalmaskwasabluesurgicalmaskcoveringthefullwidthoftheface,buttestersnotedthatperformancevariedconsiderablydependingonhowhighthemaskwasplacedontheface.28.Recognizingmaskedfaceswithfacialrecognitionsystemsusedtobethoughtas_______.A.effectiveB.impossibleC.easyD.challenging29.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“bearout”inParagraph3mean?A.Make.B.Prove.C.Deny.D.Oppose.30.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthestudy?A.Thewaytowearmasksmayaffectrecognitionaccuracy.B.Thedesignofamaskmakesnodifferencetofacialrecognition.C.Facialrecognitionfailurerateswerequitelowatthebeginning.D.Theresearchersadoptedrealsurgicalmaskstoensuretheaccuracy.31.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?,A.LimitationsofFacialRecognitionSoftwareB.TheChallengeofRecognizingMaskedFacesC.TheimprovementinFacialRecognitionAlgorithmsD.DifferentApplicationsofFacialRecognitionTechnology【答案】28.D29.B30.A31.C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，面部识别算法在识别戴面具的面孔方面表现得越来越好。28．推理判断题。根据第一段“Usingindependenttestingofmorethan150separatefacialrecognitionalgorithms,thenewreportsuggestsmasksmaynotbeasbigaproblemforfacialrecognitionsystemsasinitiallythought.（通过对150多种不同的面部识别算法进行独立测试，这份新报告表明，面具对于面部识别系统来说可能不像最初想象的那样是个大问题。）”中的asbigaproblemforfacialrecognitionsystemsasinitiallythought可知，使用面部识别系统识别蒙面面孔曾被认为是一种很有挑战性的（challenging）技术。故选D项。29．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段““Afterthepandemic,somedevelopershavesubmittedalgorithmswhichshowsignificantlyimprovedaccuracyandarenowamongthemostaccurateinourtest,”thereportreads.（“大流行之后，一些开发人员已经提交了算法，这些算法显著提高了准确性，现在在我们的测试中是最准确的，”报告写道。）”以及“Eightdifferentalgorithmsnowholdfalseratesbelow0.05percent.（现在有八种不同的算法将错误率控制在0.05%以下。）”可知，报告称算法提高了正确性，其中八种错误率在0.05%以下，进一步推出，该公共排名证实了这个报告。bearout意为“证实，证明”。故选B项。30．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thedigitalmaskwasabluesurgicalmaskcoveringthefullwidthoftheface,buttestersnotedthatperformancevariedconsiderablydependingonhowhighthemaskwasplacedontheface.（数字口罩是一种覆盖整个脸部宽度的蓝色外科口罩，但测试人员注意到，性能差异很大，取决于口罩放在脸上的高度。）”中的dependingonhowhighthemaskwasplacedontheface可知，戴口罩的方式会影响识别的正确性。故选A项。31．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“Researchershavefoundthatfacial,recognitionalgorithms(算法)aregettingbetteratrecognizingfacesinmasks,（研究人员发现，面部识别算法(somethingsomething)在识别戴面具的面孔方面表现得越来越好。）”可知，文章主要关于人脸识别算法的改进在识别戴面具的面孔方面表现越来越好。C项“人脸识别算法的改进”符合题意，适合做标题。故选C项。DManylivestockfarmers(牧场主)inthewesternworldarebecomingworriedbyalonger-termthreattotheirincomefromthegrowingpopularityofvegetarian(素食的)diets.Herecomesthequestionwhethertoeatmeatornot.Beforeairingourview,weshouldconsiderseriouslythethreereasonsthatvegetariansgiveforrefusinganimalproducts.Theeasiestpointtoargueagainstisthateatingmeatisunhealthy.Nothingishealthierthanavarieddiet,includingfiber,vegetable,fruitandmeat.Althoughstudiesshowthateatingredandprocessedmeatmayraisetheriskofsomecancers,itisimportantnottooverstatetheeffect.Thisweek,forexample,CancerResearchUKreportedthateatinganextrapieceofbaconeverydayraisedtheriskofbowelcancerby20percent.Butthatmeansjusteightextra(largelycurable)casesinevery10,000peopleoversixyears.Ourtreatmentoffarmanimalsisanissuethatvegetariansfindmoretroubling.Acommonviewisthatraisinganimalsinasmallareacauseunacceptablesuffering.Inthisregard,agriculturalauthoritiesshouldtakeuptheresponsibilitytoenforcewelfarestandardsthatgiveeachanimalenoughspacetostandandmovearoundcomfortably.Also,consumershaveanimportantroletoplayinimprovingconditionsforfarmanimals.Forexample,thedislikeof“batteryhens”ledtoanEUbanin2012onkeepingchickensinbarrencages.Theenvironmentalimpactoflivestockfarmingisitsgreatestprobleminacentury.TheUNFoodandAgricultureOrganizationestimatesthatfarmedanimalsaccountfor14.5%ofgreenhousegasemission.Althoughchangesingrazing（放牧）practicescouldsubstantiallyreducetheenvironmentalimpactoflivestockfarming,itwillalwaysusemoreresourcesthanproducingthesamenumberofcaloriesfromplantcrops.Meatproductionshouldfocusontheworld’straditionalgrasslands,withouttakingupnew,land.32.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonagainstanimalproductsgivenbyvegetarians?A.Itharmshumanhealth.B.Itcausesanimalsuffering.C.Itdamagestheenvironment.D.Itthreatenstheincomeoffarmers.33.WhydoestheauthormentionthereportfromCancerResearchUKinparagraph2?A.Toprovethateatingtoomuchmeatisunhealthy.B.Topersuadepeopleoutofeatingtoomuchmeat.C.Toshowthateatingmeatisnotasunhealthyasvegetariansthink.D.Topresentthefactthateatingtoomuchbaconmaycausecancer.34.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsraisinganimalsinasmallarea?A.Favorable.B.Negative.C.Indifferent.D.Unclear.35.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Thechangesinfeedingpractices.B.Thechallengesthatlivestockfarmingfaces.C.Thenegativeeffectsoflivestockfarmingontheenvironment.D.Themeasurestoreducetheenvironmentalimpactoflivestockfarming.【答案】32.D33.C34.B35.C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了素食主义者拒绝动物产品的三个原因。32．细节理解题。根据第二段“Theeasiestpointtoargueagainstisthateatingmeatisunhealthy.（最容易反驳的观点是吃肉是不健康的。）”，第三段“Ourtreatmentoffarmanimalsisanissuethatvegetariansfindmoretroubling.（我们对待农场动物的方式是素食主义者认为更令人不安的一个问题。）”以及第四段“Theenvironmental,impactoflivestockfarmingisitsgreatestprobleminacentury.（畜牧业对环境的影响是一个世纪以来最大的问题。）”可知，素食主义者拒绝肉食的原因不包括D项“它威胁到农民的收入”。故选D项。33．推理判断题。根据第二段“Butthatmeansjusteightextra(largelycurable)casesinevery10,000peopleoversixyears.（但这意味着在未来六年内，每10000人中只有8例额外的病例，且大部分可治愈。）”可知，该段提出这个报告的目的是证明吃肉并不像素食者想象的那样不健康。故选C项。34．推理判断题。根据第三段“Acommonviewisthatraisinganimalsinasmallareacauseunacceptablesuffering.Inthisregard,agriculturalauthoritiesshouldtakeuptheresponsibilitytoenforcewelfarestandardsthatgiveeachanimalenoughspacetostandandmovearoundcomfortably.（一个普遍的观点是，在小范围内饲养动物会造成不可接受的痛苦。在这方面，农业当局应当承担责任，执行福利标准，使每头牲畜有足够的空间舒适地站立和移动。）”中的giveeachanimalenoughspacetostandandmovearoundcomfortably可知，作者对小范围饲养动物持反对（negative）态度。故选B项。35．主旨大意题。根据第四段中心句“Theenvironmentalimpactoflivestockfarmingisitsgreatestprobleminacentury.（畜牧业对环境的影响是一个世纪以来最大的问题。）”可知，第四段主要讨论畜牧业对环境的不良影响。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenyou’relostsomething,you’llfeelupsetandfearthatyouwillneverfindthelostobject.Actually,ifyouthinkaboutitforamoment,you’llfinditsoon.Takealong,deepbreath.___36___Onlywhenyouregainyourcalmcanyoufocusonfindingtheobjectagain.Oftenwhenwe’velostsomething,especiallyifit’sanimportantobjectlikeasetofkeysorapassport,wegetworried.Theselongdeepbreathswillhelpyoutoregainyourcalm.___37___,Ofcourse,thisisunlikelytobethecasewithkeysorotherIDstuff.Butitcaneasilybethecasewithbooks,magazines,DVDS,etc.Ifthereisachancethatyouhavelentanobjecttosomeoneelse,thensendaquickemailortextmessageouttothelikelypeople.However,makesurethatthemessagedoesn’taccuse(谴责)othersoftakingtheobjectinquestion.___38___Slowdown.Themoreimportanttheobjectis,themorewearelikelytorunaroundlikeaheadlesschickenwiththemistakenideathatourrushwillspeedupfindingtheobject.___39___Slowingdownwillgiveyouachancetothinkbacktothelasttimeandplaceyousawthemissingobject.Thismaygiveyouaclue(线索)ortwoastowheretheobjectis.GethelpfromothersGettingthehelpofsomeoneelseanyonewhoknowswhattheobjectlookslikewilldofine.___40___Also,thisgivesanextrathoughtpatterntothesearch.Infact,Itmaybethebestwaytofindlostobjectsfast.A.Thiswon’thelpyoufindthelostobjectbutithelpsyoucalmdown.B.Thisdoublesthenumberofpeoplelookingforthelostobject.C.Hasanyonetidieduprecently?D.Haveyoulenttheobjectout?E.Youcaneventurntothoseyoudon’tknowatall.F.Makethemessagemorealongthelinesthatyou’reworriedbecauseofthisparticularobject.G.Infact,it’salmostalwaysacaseofmorehurry,lessspeed.【答案】36.A37.D38.F39.G40.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。当你丢失了一些东西时你会感到心烦意乱，文章介绍了四个关于找东西的建议。36．根据小标题“Takealong,deepbreath.(深呼吸)”和下文“Onlywhenyouregainyourcalmcanyoufocusonfindingtheobjectagain.(只有当你恢复平静时，你才能再次集中精力寻找目标)”可知，此处内容与讲述深呼吸有助于冷静下来有关，,且选项A中的代词This指的是小标题Takealong,deepbreath，因此选项A“Thiswon’thelpyoufindthelostobjectbutithelpsyoucalmdown.(这不会帮助你找到丢失的东西，但可以帮助你冷静下来)”符合题意。故选A。37．此处是本段小标题，根据下文“Ifthereisachancethatyouhavelentanobjecttosomeoneelse,thensendaquickemailortextmessageouttothelikelypeople.(如果你有可能将物品借给了其他人，那么就向可能的人发送一封快速电子邮件或短信)”可知，此处内容与讲述有可能把东西借出去有关，选项D“Haveyoulenttheobjectout?(你有把东西借出去吗?)”符合题意。故选D。38．根据上文“However,makesurethatthemessagedoesn’taccuse(谴责)othersoftakingtheobjectinquestion.(但是，请确保邮件中没有指责其他人拿走了你的东西)”可知，此处内容与讲述信息内容的侧重点有关，选项F中的message与上文的message一致。故选F。39．根据上文“Themoreimportanttheobjectis,themorewearelikelytorunaroundlikeaheadlesschickenwiththemistakenideathatourrushwillspeedupfindingtheobject(物品越重要，我们就越有可能像无头苍蝇一样东奔西跑，错误地认为匆忙会加快找到物品的速度)”和下文“Slowingdownwillgiveyouachancetothinkbacktothelasttimeandplaceyousawthemissingobject.(慢下来会让你有机会回想最后一次看到失踪物品的时间和地点)”可知，此处内容与加快速度找不到物品，会适得其反有关，选项G“Infact,it’salmostalwaysacaseofmorehurry,lessspeed.(事实上，几乎总是越急越慢)”符合题意。故选G。40．根据上文“Gettingthehelpofsomeoneelseanyonewhoknowswhattheobjectlookslikewilldofine.(寻求其他人的帮助，任何知道物品外观的人都可能帮上忙)”可知，此处内容与寻求他人帮助的好处有关，选项B“Thisdoublesthenumberofpeoplelookingforthelostobject.(这将使寻找失物的人数翻倍)”符合题意。故选B。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。WhenIwasnineyearsold,Ilovedtogofishingwithmydad.Buttheonlythingthatwasn’tvery____41____aboutitwasthathecouldcatchmanyfishwhileIcouldn’t.Iusuallygot____42____andkeptaskinghimwhy.Healwaysanswered,“Son,ifyouwanttocatchafish,youhavetothinklikeafish.”Irememberbeingevenmoreupsetthenbecause“I’mnotafish!”Ididn’tknowhowto____43____thesamethought.Besides,I____44____,howcouldwhatIthinkinfluencewhatafishdoes?AsIgotalittleolderIbegantounderstandwhatmydadreally____45____.SoIreadsomebooksonfish.AndIevenjoinedthelocalfishingclubandstartedattendingtheirmeetings____46____.Ilearnedthatafishisacold-bloodedanimalandthereforeisverysensitivetowater____47____.Thatiswhyfish____48____shallowwatertodeepwaterbecausetheformeriswarmer.Besides,waterisusuallywarmerindirectsunlightthanintheshade.Yet,fishdon’thaveanyeyelids(眼皮)andthesun____49____theireyes.ThemoreIunderstoodfish,themoreIbecameeffectiveatfindingand____50____them.WhenIgrewupandenteredthe____51____circles,Irememberhearingmyfirstbosssay,“Weallneedtothinklike____52____.”Butitdidn’tcompletely____53____.Mydadneveroncesaid,“Ifyouwanttocatchafishyouneedtothinklikeafisherman.”Yearslater,withgreateffortstoprovidelong-term____54____tocustomersmucholderandricherthanme,Icametorealizewhatweallneedistothinkmorelikethegroupthatwe____55____.41.A.contentB.funC.normalD.typical42.A.amazedB.confusedC.curiousD.upset43.A.shareB.strikeC.predictD.read44.A.addedB.knewC.reasonedD.realized45.A.saidB.experiencedC.meantD.claimed46.A.locallyB.finallyC.regularlyD.usually47.A.qualityB.depthC.heightD.temperature48.A.leaveB.preferC.adjustD.turn49.A.protectsB.catchesC.hurtsD.reaches,50.A.enjoyingB.fishingC.studyingD.catching51.A.businessB.agricultureC.governmentD.administration52.A.customersB.salespeopleC.fishermenD.bosses53.A.makesenseB.makeprogressC.takeeffectD.takeplace54.A.businessB.cooperationC.connectionsD.services55.A.meetB.targetC.trustD.form【答案】41.B42.D43.A44.C45.C46.C47.D48.B49.C50.D51.A52.B53.A54.D55.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了小时候父亲教作者钓鱼，告诉他像鱼一样思考才能钓到鱼，多年后进入商界的作者通过父亲的话并结合多年的实践认识到应该像客户一样思考。41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但唯一无趣的是，他能钓到很多鱼，而我什么也钓不到。A.content满足的；B.fun有趣的；C.normal正常的；D.typical典型的。根据后文“hecouldcatchmanyfishwhileIcouldn’t.”可知，因为父亲钓到鱼，作者钓不到，所以作者感到无趣。故选B。42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我通常变得沮丧，不停地问他为什么。A.amazed吃惊的；B.confused困惑的；C.curious好奇的；D.upset沮丧的，不安的。联系前文可知作者钓不到鱼，所以心情很沮丧。故选D。43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道如何分享同样的想法。A.share分享；B.strike碰撞；C.predict预测；D.read阅读。根据前文“I’mnotafish!”可知，作者没法认为自己是一条鱼，所以不知道如何分享同样的想法，指“像鱼一样思考”。故选A。44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我思忖着，我的想法怎么会影响鱼的行为呢？A.added补充说；B.knew知道；C.reasoned推论；D.realized意识到。根据空后的“howcouldwhatIthinkinfluencewhatafishdoes?”可知，作者在想的想法怎么会影响鱼的行为呢？用reason一词突出了作者的不解，故选C。45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我开始明白我父亲的意思。A.said说；B.experienced经历，体验；C.meant意思是；D.claimed宣称。这里指的是父亲让他像鱼一样思考的意思。故选C。,46．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我甚至加入了当地的钓鱼俱乐部，并开始定期参加他们的会议。A.locally在本地；B.finally最后；C.regularly定期地；D.usually通常地。根据前文“AndIevenjoinedthelocalfishingclub”可知，因为作者加入了当地的钓鱼俱乐部，所以会定期地参加俱乐部会议。故选C。47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道鱼是冷血动物，因此对水温非常敏感。A.quality质量；B.depth深度；C.height高度；D.temperature温度。根据前文“afishisacold-bloodedanimal”可知，因为鱼是冷血动物，所以对水温敏感。且下文“Thatiswhyfish48shallowwatertodeepwaterbecausetheformeriswarmer.”谈到的也是水温问题。故选D。48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么鱼喜欢浅水而不是深水，因为前者更温暖。A.leave离开；B.prefer偏爱；C.adjust适应；D.turn转身。根据后文“becausetheformeriswarmer.”可知，因为浅水区更温暖，所以鱼偏爱浅水区。故选B。49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，鱼没有眼皮，阳光会伤害它们的眼睛。A.protects保护；B.catches抓住；C.hurts伤害；D.reaches到达。根据常识和前文“fishdon’thaveanyeyelids(眼皮)”可知，因为鱼没有眼皮，所以阳光会伤害到它的眼睛。故选C。50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我越了解鱼，我就越能准确地发现和捕捉它们。A.enjoying喜欢；B.fishing钓鱼；C.studying研究；D.catching抓住。根据前文“ThemoreIunderstoodfish,themoreIbecameeffectiveatfinding”可知，作者对鱼越了解，越能发现并抓到鱼。且上文的“hecouldcatchmanyfish”也是提示。故选D。51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我长大进入商界时，我记得我的第一任老板说过：“我们都需要像销售人员一样思考。”A.business商业；B.agriculture农业；C.government政府；D.administration管理。根据后文“customersmucholderandricherthanme…”可知，作者的工作是服务客户，由此推知他进入了商界。故选A。52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.customers顾客；B.salespeople销售员；C.fishermen渔夫；D.bosses老板。根据后文“Mydadneveroncesaid,“Ifyouwant,tocatchafishyouneedtothinklikeafisherman.”可知，作者父亲从未说过，“如果你想钓到一条鱼，你需要像渔夫一样思考。”，因此此处用salespeople对应fisherman。故选B。53．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但这并不完全有道理。A.makesense有道理；B.makeprogress取得进步；C.takeeffect见效；D.takeplace发生。根据空后的“Mydadneveroncesaid.“Ifyouwanttocatchafishyouneedtothinklikeafisherman.”可知，我父亲从未说过，“如果你想钓到一条鱼，你需要像渔夫一样思考。”，并结合下文作者通过实践最终认识到的道理可知，老板说的话根本行不通，应该向客户一样思考而不是像销售人员一样思考。故选A。54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年后，我努力为比我年长和富有得多的客户提供长期服务，我意识到我们都需要的是更像我们的目标群体思考。A.business生意；B.cooperation合作；C.connections连接；D.services服务。根据后文“tocustomersmucholderandricherthanme”可知，此处指为比作者年长和富有得多的客户提供长期服务。故选D。55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.meet遇见；B.target面向（某群体）；C.trust信任；D.form形成。由空前“thinkmorelikethegroup”可知，此处指要像我们的目标群体去思考。故选B。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）第三部分英语知识运用第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon,whowassoexpert____56____heattendedQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.Buthewasfamousfordefeating“KingCholera”.Cholerawasa____57____(dead)diseaseandneitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.JohnSnowwantedtofacethechallengeandsolve____58____problem.Hesuspectedthatpeople____59____(absorb)thisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.So____60____anothersevereoutbreakhitLondon,hebeganhisenquiry.Hefoundthatmanyvictimslinkedtotheoutbreak____61____(be)nearthewaterpump,sohehadthehandle____62____(remove).Soonafterwardsthedisease,sloweddown.Hedrewthe____63____(conclude)thatthepollutedwaterwas____64____(blame).Thewatercompanieswereinstructednottoexposepeople____65____pollutedwateranymore.FinallyKingCholerawasdefeated.【答案】56.that57.deadly58.the59.Absorbed60.when/as61.were62.removed63.conclusion64.toblame65.to【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了约翰·斯诺医生打败霍乱王的故事。56．考查状语从句的引导词。句意：约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生，他医术如此精湛以至于他成为了维多利亚女王的私人医生。根据soexpert可知此处要用that，短语so…that…“如此…以至于…”，引导结果状语从句。故填that。57．考查形容词。句意：霍乱是一种致命的疾病，人们既不知道它的病因，也不知道如何治疗。根据名词disease可知此处要用形容词，作定语，deadly“致命的”。故填deadly。58．考查冠词。句意：约翰·斯诺想面对挑战，解决这个问题。名词problem指的是上文的Cholera，可知此处要用定冠词the，表示特指。故填the。59．考查时态。句意：他怀疑人们是在吃饭时把这种疾病吸收进体内的。分析句子可知，此处是that引导的宾语从句的谓语，根据主句谓语动词suspected以及此处描述过去的事情，可知此处时态也是一般过去时，要用动词的过去式absorbed。故填absorbed。60．考查状语从句的引导词。句意：因此，当伦敦再次发生严重疫情时，他开始了调查。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处为时间状语从句，表达“当”应用when/as。故填when/as。61．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：他发现许多与疾病爆发有关的受害者都在水泵附近，所以他把水泵的把手拿掉了。分析句子可知，此处是that引导的宾语从句的谓语，根据主句谓语动词found以及此处描述过去的事情，可知此处时态也是一般过去时，主语是manyvictims，可知此处谓语动词要用复数形式。故填were。62．考查过去分词。句意：他发现许多与疾病爆发有关的受害者都在水泵附近，所以他把水泵的把手拿掉了。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作宾补，逻辑,主语handle与remove之间是被动关系，可知此处要用过去分词。短语havesth.done“让某事被做”。故填removed。63．考查名词。句意：他得出结论，受污染的水是罪魁祸首。根据定冠词the可知此处要用名词，此处特指后文的那个结论，故应用名词单数形式。故填conclusion。64．考查不定式的被动语态。句意：他得出结论，受污染的水是罪魁祸首。此处为固定表达betoblame“应该被责备”。故填toblame。65．考查介词。句意：自来水公司接到指示，不准人们再接触被污染的水。此处为固定短语expose…to…“暴露于，接触”。故填to。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）假如你叫李华，你的美国笔友Tom对中国中学生的暑假生活很感兴趣，来信询问相关情况。请根据以下信息给他回信，内容包括：1.介绍中学生的暑假活动；2.分享你一次难忘的暑假经历。注意:1.词数80左右；2.请在答题卡相应位置作答。【答案】DearTom,Howiseverythinggoing?LearningthatyouareinterestedinChinesesummervacation,Iamdelightedtosharesomeinformationwithyou.ForChinesestudents,thesummervacationusuallylastsformorethan1month,duringwhichtimestudents’activitiescanbevarious,rangingfromacademicimprovementtohobbycultivation.Somemaybeoccupiedwithafter-schoolclassessoastoenrichthemselvesmentally;somemaytakeupmoresportstokeepphysicallyfit;othersmayjointheirfriendssothattheycouldgetentertainedtogether.Asforme,thissummervacationisthemostunforgettable.Shortthoughitwas,Ispentafulfillingandrewardingone.Thehighlightwasmyvoluntaryexperienceinthenursinghome,whereIhadagoodchatwiththeelderlyandlistenedtotheirlifestories.Bypracticingthevoluntaryspirit,notonlyhaveIgainedabetterknowledgeofthe,seniorcitizensbutIalsohavedonemybitforthesociety.Hopefully,myinformationcanbeofhelp.Ifyouhaveanydoubt,dofeelfreetoaskme.YoursLiHua【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求假如你叫李华，你的美国笔友Tom对中国中学生的暑假生活很感兴趣，来信询问相关情况。请根据已给信息给他回信。1.词汇积累对……感兴趣：beinterestedin→acquireatastefor各种各样的：various→varied假期：vacation→holiday获得：gain→get2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Hopefully,myinformationcanbeofhelp.拓展句：Ihopethatmyinformationcanbeofhelp.[高分句型1]ForChinesestudents,thesummervacationusuallylastsformorethan1month,duringwhichtimestudents’activitiescanbevarious,rangingfromacademicimprovementtohobbycultivation.(运用了介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Ifyouhaveanydoubt,dofeelfreetoaskme.(运用了if引导的条件状语从句)第二节读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。OneSaturdaymorning,Jeremywokeuptoaquiethouse.UsuallyMomwasawakemakingbreakfastandcleaningthekitchen,butnottoday.Atthesoundofhismomcoughing,Jeremyknockedonherbedroomdoorandaskedwithgreatconcern,“Mom,,areyouok?”“Honey,”Momsaidweakly.“Ihaveaterriblecold.Youcanhavecereal(燕麦)forbreakfastandwatchcartoons.I’mgoingtostayinbed.”Jeremypouredsomecerealintoabowlandatethepiecesdry.Mommustfeelverybadifshewasstayinginbedallday.HowcouldJeremyhelp?First,hewipedupthecrumbsofcerealheleftonthekitchencounter.Healsoputawaythecerealboxneatly,sothekitchenlookedjustasitdidwhenhewokeup.Butwhatelsecouldhedo?Jeremythought.Saturdaywasthedaywhenmomdidlaundry.Jeremylovedtowatchtheclothesspinninginthemachine.Thatshouldbefun!Herantohisroomtogetthelaundrybasket,insidewhichtherewashismother’sfavoritewhitedress,amongotherclothesandapairofredsocks.Jeremyopenedthedoortothewasherandputtheclothinginside.HehadwatchedMomdolaundrylotsoftimes,soheknewwheretofindthewashingpowderandhowtopouritintothemachine.Finally,heclosedthedoorandpressedthebigbuttonthatsaid“START.”Jeremylookedthroughtheroundglasswindow.Waterwaspouringin,andthemachinewasstartingtospin,makinghisclothingtumblearound.Thatwaseasy!Jeremywatchedcartoonsuntilheheardthewashingmachinebeep.Thatmeantthewashingwasdone.Jeremyopenedthedoortotakeoutthedampclothes.Hetookoutafewatatimeandmovedthemintothedryer.Everythingseemedclean,andJeremyfeltproud.Thenhepulledoutapinkdress.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Butherememberedtherewasnopinkdressinthelaundrybasket._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Holdingtheneatlyfoldedpinkdress,Jeremynervouslyknockedathismom’sbedroomdooragain.,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】OnePossibleVersion:Butherememberedtherewasnopinkdressinthelaundrybasket.“Wherediditcomefrom?”Jeremywondered,reachingintothewashertotakeoutmoreclothes.Thenmuchtohisastonishment,hepulledouttwoT-shirts,bothinlightpink.Realizingtherewassomethingwrong,Jeremystoodfrozen,hisheartsinking.Whilerackinghisbrainforreasons,hecaughtsightoftheredsocks,anditsuddenlyoccurredtohimthattheymustbetoblamefortheaccident.Withnomeansofhandlingthesituation,Jeremywasinsuchapanicthatheeventhoughtofhidingthedressfromhismom.“Thatisn’tapositiveapproachtotheproblem,”heremindedhimself.Finally,hedecidedtodryandfoldthelaundrybeforetellinghismomeverything.Holdingtheneatlyfoldedpinkdress,Jeremynervouslyknockedathismom’sbedroomdooragain.Afterwhatseemedlikeages,hecametothebedside,hisheaddrooping.Sensinghisson’sunease,hismotherinquiredwithconcernwhatwaswrong.“Sorrymom,Ishouldn’thaveruinedyourfavoritedress.”Jeremyapologized.Stutteringoutthemistakehehadmade,hewasreadytogetagoodscoldingforhiswrongdoing.Realizingwhat’sgoingon,momsmiledunderstandinglyatJeremy,“Nevermind,dear.Iknowyoumeanttohelp.”Thenmomheldthedressupbeforeherandsaidinanapprovingtone,“Youknowwhat?Ithinkitlooksnice.”AtthisJeremybeamedwithrelief,makingasilentvowtobemorecarefulinhelpinghismomoutnexttime.【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是一个周六的早上，Jeremy发现妈妈生病了，决定帮妈妈分担家务，却在洗衣服时不小心把衣服混色了的故事。1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“但他记得洗衣篮里没有粉红色的连衣裙。”可知，第一段可描写Jeremy发现衣服变色并找到变色的原因。,②由第二段首句内容“Jeremy拿着那件叠得整整齐齐的粉红色连衣裙，紧张地再次敲了敲妈妈的卧室门。”可知，第二段可描写Jeremy向妈妈承认错误的过程。2.续写线索：发现衣服变色——找到变色原因——决定向妈妈承认错误——获得原谅3.词汇激活行为类①.拿出，取出：takeout/pullout②.发现，看见：see/notice/catchsightof③.打算做某事：wanttodo/meantodo情绪类①.令人惊讶的：tohisastonishment/toone'ssurprise②.积极的态度：positiveapproach/positiveattitude[高分句型1]Whilerackinghisbrainforreasons,hecaughtsightoftheredsocks,anditsuddenlyoccurredtohimthattheymustbetoblamefortheaccident.（运用了while引导的状语从句的省略；that引导的主语从句）[高分句型2]Withnomeansofhandlingthesituation,Jeremywasinsuchapanicthatheeventhoughtofhidingthedressfromhismom.（运用了such...that...如此……以至于……引导结果状语从句）