2022版高考英语一轮完形填空和语法填空优练题8含解析

2022版高考英语一轮完形填空和语法填空优练题（8）李仕才PartA：完形填空AOnesummerIwasdrivingfrommyhometownofTahoeCity,California,toNewOrleans.Inthemiddleofthedesert,Ipassedayoungmanstandingbytheroadside.Hehadhisthumboutandheldagascaninhis__1__hand.Idroverightbyhim.Therewasatime__2__you'dbecalledajerkforpassingbysomebodyinneed.Nowyouareafoolfor__3__.“Idon'twanttogetinvolved”seemstohavebecomeanationalmotto.Severaldays__4__Iwasstillthinkingaboutthehitchhiker(搭便车的人),abouthowIdidn'teverliftedmyfootofftheacceleratorforhim.“Doesanyonestopanymore？”Iwondered.BlancheDuBoisoncesaid,“Ihavealwaysdependedonthe__5__ofstrangers.”Isthatpossiblethesedays?OnewaytotestthiswouldbeforapersontojourneyacrosstheUSwithoutany__6__，justrelyingonthegoodwillofothers.Whatwouldhappen?Wouldhefindfood,shelterandsupport?Theideaintrigued(激起兴趣)me.TheweekI__7__37,IrealizedthatIhad__8__donesomethingtrulycrazy.SoIdecidedtoreallydoit:travelfromthePacifictotheAtlanticwithoutapenny.Iwouldonly__9__offersofrides,foodandplacestosleep.ForsixweeksIhitched82ridesand__10__4,223milesacross14states.Iwastreated__11__everywhereIwent.Iwasamazedbypeople'sreadinesstohelpa__12__.Ifoundpeoplewere__13__compassionate(富有同情心的).HearingIhadnomoneyandtook__14__，peopleboughtmefoodandgavemenecessities.Thosewhohadthe__15__togiveoftengavethemost.InNebraskaahousepainternamedMikenotedthecoldweatherandasked__16__Ihadacoat.Ididn't,sohegavemeabiggreenarmystylejacket.Alumbermill(锯木场)workernamedTim__17__metoasimpledinnerwithhisfamilyintheirshabbyhouse.Thenheofferedmeatent.I__18__，butTiminsisted,packingitintomybaghimself.Iwas__19__toallthepeopleImetfortheirrides,theirfood,theirshelter,andtheirgifts.Myfaithinordinaryfolkswas__20__.Itturnsoutyoucanstilldependonthekindnessofstrangers.1.A.another　　　　　　B.eachC.otherD.both8\n2.A.whatB.whenC.whichD.who3.A.helpingB.collectingC.dependingD.hoping4.A.beforeB.agoC.earlierD.later5.A.kindnessB.generousnessC.happinessD.patience6.A.waterB.clothesC.luggageD.money7.A.cameB.turnedC.grewD.developed8.A.everB.neverC.oftenD.always9.A.winB.receiveC.acceptD.earn10.A.recoveredB.coveredC.adventuredD.discovered11.A.impolitelyB.rudelyC.kindlyD.comfortably12.A.strangerB.learnerC.scholarD.visitor13.A.generallyB.constantlyC.occasionallyD.regularly14.A.everythingB.nothingC.somethingD.anything15.A.mostB.moreC.lessD.least16.A.whereB.howC.ifD.why17.A.encouragedB.invitedC.forcedD.advised18.A.refusedB.offeredC.agreedD.approved8\n19.A.gladB.excitedC.gratefulD.disappointed20.A.replacedB.renewedC.retoldD.repeated[文章大意]　文章讲述了作者通过自己的亲身经历改变了对帮助他人的看法。作者又重新相信，当遇到困难的时候，陌生人也会帮助你的。1.C。文章中的年轻人一只手竖起大拇指，另一只手里拿着汽油罐。other“另外的”，符合语境。2.B。Therewasatimewhen...“有一段时间……”，先行词为time，when引导定语从句，故选B项。3．A。从上一句的“Therewasatime...forpassingbysomebodyinneed.”可知，此处应选helping“帮助”。4．D。根据语境可知，此处表示几天以后(later)，作者还在想这个搭便车的人。5．A。从文章的最后一句“Itturnsoutyoucanstilldependonthekindnessofstrangers.”可知答案为A项。6．D。water,clothes和luggage太片面，同时根据下文的“SoIdecided...withoutapenny.”可知，应选D项。7．B。到作者37岁这一周时，作者意识到自己从来没有(never)做过真正疯狂的事。turn“变成，变为”，为系动词，符合语境。8．B。参见上题解析。9．C。作者将只接受人们提供的乘车(机会)、食物和睡的地方。accept“接受”，符合语境。10．B。cover意为“走完(一段路程)”，符合语境。11．C。从下文的“Iwasamazedbypeople'sreadinesstohelp”可知，作者受到了陌生人的友好对待。kindly“友好地，好意地”，符合语境。12．A。从文章的最后一句“Itturnsoutyoucanstilldependonthekindnessofstrangers.”可知，答案为A项。13．A。根据下文的叙述可知，此处表示作者发现人们通常(generally)是富有同情心的。14．B。根据上文内容可知，作者没有带任何东西。故选nothing。15．D。根据下文所举的两个事例可知，那些最贫穷的人往往是给得最多的人。故选least。16．C。Mike问作者是否有外套。if“是否”，引导宾语从句。17．B。invite“邀请”，符合语境。18．A。根据后面的“butTiminsisted,packingitintomybaghimself”可知，作者一开始拒绝(refused)了。19．C。从“allthepeopleImetfortheirrides,theirfood,theirshelter，andtheir8\ngifts”可以看出，此处表示作者感激陌生人提供的帮助。grateful“感激的”，符合语境。20．B。通过独自旅行的经历，作者得到了陌生人这么多的帮助，作者对普通人的那份信任又回来了。renew“重新开始，继续”，符合语境。B(2022·甘肃第一次诊断)Challengesandtoughexperiencescanhelpyoufindoutwhoyoureallyare.About2yearsago,Iwas__1__inoneofmyfirsttaekwondo(跆拳道)championships.Iwasvery__2__inmyself.Myopponent(对手)wasskinny.Thethoughtsinmyheadweresomethinglike“She’sso__3__，ofcourseyou’llwin.”Asthematchstarted,myopponent’strue__4__cameout.Shecamestraightatmeandlandedaheadkickonme,__5__threepointsinthefirstfiveseconds.Iwassoshocked,__6__andforgoteverythingmycoachsaid.Iwaskicking__7__，inhopesofnotlosing.But__8__hitme.Ilost215.Ihadneverlostbefore.Iwasafraidofthegirl，andtome,hernamewas__9__withmydefeat.Theexperiencelastedwithme.Iworkedandtrainedharderthanbefore.Ilistenedtomy__10__wholeheartedlyandmadesureIwasnotoverconfident.Thefollowingyear,I__11__thesamegirlonceagainatthestatechampionships.Iwas__12__.Butwithencouragementfrommycoach,I__13__someconfidence.Whenthefightstarted,Ididnotpaniclikethepreviousmatchbutlistenedtomycoach’s__14__.Hisvoice__15__mearoundthering(竞技场),attackingatkeymoments.Themainthoughtinmyheadwasnotaboutwinningorlosing,__16__doingmybest.Eventually,Iwon.Myhardwork,andlisteningtomycoachall__17__.Myopponenthadthe__18__skinnyfigure,butdidnotfrightenmeanymore.Fromthisexperience,Ilearnednottoletconfidenceovershadowreality.Itisimportantto__19__thefactthattherearepeoplebetterthanyou.Withthisideainmind,youcanworkhardtobecomeapersonthatisbetter.Thisexperiencealsotaughtmenottojudgeothersbasedontheir__20__.【解题导语】　作者在跆拳道锦标赛上遇到了一位身形极瘦的对手，作者的轻敌使自己遭受惨败。此后作者跟随教练努力训练。在比赛中与该对手再次相遇时，作者沉着应战，最终获胜。这次经历让作者明白不能轻敌也不能以貌取人。1．A.strugglingB．competingC．playingD．quarrelling解析：选B。根据下文中的“inoneofmyfirsttaekwondo(跆拳道)8\nchampionships”可知，作者是在参加一个跆拳道锦标赛。compete“参加比赛”。2．A.confidentB．proudC．contentD．ashamed解析：选A。根据下文中的“Myopponent(对手)wasskinny”及“ofcourseyou’llwin”可知，作者看到对手极瘦时，对自己获胜充满了自信。confident“自信的”；proud“骄傲的”；content“满意的”；ashamed“羞愧的”。3．A.youngB．strongC．tinyD．ugly解析：选C。根据前文中的“Myopponent(对手)wasskinny”可知，这个对手极瘦。tiny“极小的”，符合语境。4．A.expressionB．personalityC．senseD．figure解析：选B。比赛一开始对手真正的个性就展现出来了。expression“表情，表达”；personality“个性”；sense“感觉，意识”；figure“人物”。5．A.takingB．scoringC．reachingD．catching解析：选B。对手在前五秒就得了三分。score“得分”。6．A.surprisedB．excitedC．tiredD．panicked解析：选D。作者对对手开场时的猛攻感到震惊，结合下文中的“andforgoteverythingmycoachsaid”可知，作者感到恐慌，忘了教练说过的话。panicked“惊慌失措的，恐慌的”。7．A.blindlyB．bravelyC．angrilyD．cautiously解析：选A。作者此时惊慌失措，所以盲目地踢，希望不会输掉比赛。blindly“盲目地”；bravely“勇敢地”；angrily“生气地”；cautiously“小心地，谨慎地”。8．A.imaginationB．intelligenceC．realityD．memory解析：选C。根据下文中的“Ilost215”可知，作者还是输了，现实给了作者沉痛的一击。imagination“想象”；intelligence“智力，才智”；reality“现实”；memory“记忆”。9．A.associatedB．filledC．mixedD．compared解析：选A。作者害怕这个女孩，并且对于她来说，这个女孩的名字与自己的失败相关。beassociatedwith“与……有关联”；befilledwith“充满”；bemixed8\nwith“与……混合”；becomparedwith“与……比较”。10．A.teammateB．coachC．opponentD．judge解析：选B。作者更刻苦地训练并全心全意地听教练(coach)的指导。11．A.facedB．recognizedC．admiredD．reminded解析：选A。作者在锦标赛上又迎战那个女孩。face“与……比赛，迎战”；recognize“认出”；admire“钦佩，仰慕”；remind“使想起，提醒”。12．A.courageousB．afraidC．delightedD．alone解析：选B。由于上次比赛造成了阴影，作者感到害怕，但教练的鼓励让作者有了些信心。courageous“勇敢的，无畏的”；afraid“害怕的”；delighted“高兴的”；alone“独自”。13．A.lackedB．borrowedC．rememberedD．developed解析：选D。作者在教练的鼓励下产生了一些自信。lack“缺乏”；borrow“借”；remember“记得”；develop“产生”。14.A.judgmentB．praiseC．adviceD．criticism解析：选C。根据下文中的“Hisvoice______mearoundthering(竞技场)，attackingatkeymoments”可知，教练在竞技场周围指导，作者没有像上次比赛那样恐慌而是听取教练的建议(advice)。15.A.directedB．forcedC．keptD．showed解析：选A。教练在竞技场周围指导作者。direct“指导”；force“强迫”；keep“保持”；show“展示，表明”。16.A.andB．orC．soD．but解析：选D。作者头脑里想的不是输赢，而是尽全力打好比赛。not...but...“不是……而是……”。17.A.paidbackB．paidoffC．calledbackD．calledoff解析：选B。根据前文中的“Eventually,Iwon.”可知，作者的努力最终得到了回报。payback“偿还”；payoff“取得成功，奏效”；callback“回电话”；calloff“取消”。18.A.differentB．common8\nC．rareD．same解析：选D。作者的对手有同样的(same)极瘦体形，但不会让作者感到害怕了。19.A.acceptB．ignoreC．receiveD．oppose解析：选A。接受人外有人这个事实很重要。accept“接受”；ignore“忽视”；receive“收到”；oppose“阻挠”。20.A.behaviorB．descriptionC．wordsD．appearances解析：选D。这次经历也让作者懂得了不要以貌取人。behavior“行为”；description“描写”；word“说的话”；appearance“外貌，外表”。PartB：短文语法填空Itwasthedayofthepoetryfestival,andIwas1.________(excite).Atmyoldschool,Ihadwonthepoetryribboneveryyear.Idowritegoodpoetry.WhenMrs.Bakercalledonme,Istoodup.Ididn'tevenbothertolookatmypaper.I'dspentsomuchtime2.________(perfect)therhymes,andcountingthe3.________(beat),thatIknewthepoembyheart.IhadjuststartedthethirdversewhenInoticedMrs.Bakerwasglaringatme.“Linda,you4.________(suppose)tobereadinganoriginalwork,apoemyoumadeupyourself,notrecitingsomethingyoulearned.”Iopenedmymouthtoexplain,butnowordscameout.“Youwillleavetheroomandwillnotreturnuntilyouareready5.________(apologize)，”saidMrs.Baker.“Now.Go！”Iturnedandlefttheroom.I'dbeenstandingoutsideforabouthalfanhourwhenJoseph,anotherschoolteacher,cameovertoaskmewhy.Now,asJosephwaited6.________metoanswer,helookedsokindandsympathetic7.________Ipouredoutthewholestory,tryingnottocry.“Linda,acceptingdefeat,whenyoushouldstandupfor8.________(you),canbecomeaverydangeroushabit.YouknowyouaretheonlyLindaBrowninthewholeworld.”9.________eyessmilingintomine,Itookadeepbreathand10.________(knock)ontheclassroomdoor,readytofaceMrs.Baker—readytorecitemypoem.8\n【参考答案】1．excited　考查形容词。根据下文可知，作者擅长写诗并且每年都会获奖。因此，在诗歌节时，作者应该感到很兴奋。此处应用exite的过去分词修饰人，表示“感到……的”。故填excited。2．perfecting　考查非谓语动词。perfect意为“使完美”。此处为spendsometime(in)doingsth.“花时间做某事”。故填perfecting。3．beats　考查名词的数。根据空格前的“rhymes,andcounting”可知，此处是指数节拍，beat在此处为可数名词。故填beats。4．aresupposed　考查固定搭配。根据空格后的“to”和空格前的主语“you”可知，此处构成“besupposedtodo”的固定结构，意为“理应做……”。故填aresupposed。5．toapologiz(s)e　考查固定搭配。空格前有“areready”，与空格处构成bereadytodosth.“准备好做某事”。故填toapologiz(s)e。6．for　考查介词。根据语境可知，此处是指约瑟夫等着作者回答。waitforsb.todosth.意为“等着某人做某事”，符合语境。故填for。7．that　考查连词。根据语境可知，空格处与其前的“so”构成“so...that”结构，引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。8．yourself　考查代词。本句是指约瑟夫鼓励作者说“当你应该站起来为自己据理力争时你却接受了失败，这会成为一个非常危险的习惯”。故填反身代词yourself。9．His　考查形容词性物主代词。根据空格后“eyessmilingintomine”可知，此处是指约瑟夫的眼睛在对作者(的眼睛)微笑。故填His。10．knocked　考查动词的时态。根据空格前的并列结构“tookadeepbreath”可知，此处应为一般过去时。故填knocked。8