【优化指导】（山东专用）2022高考英语总复习 课时作业34 新人教版

【优化指导】（新课标全国）2022高考英语总复习课时作业34Unit4选修7一、单项填空1．Babiesarenotbornwith______moralsense；theycan’ttell______differencebetweenrightandwrong.A．the；the　　　　　　　　　B．a；aC．a；theD．/；a解析：考查冠词。moralsense意思“是非感”。第一个空处指“孩子不会生来就有是非感”，因此用不定冠词；第二个空处考查的是固定短语：tellthedifferencebetween...and...，因此C项符合。答案：C2．AllthestudentsinhisclassinsistedthatJack______thecleverestandthathe______monitor.A．shouldbe；chosenB．were；mustbechosenC．was；shouldchooseD．was；bechosen解析：insist表示“坚持说”时宾语从句中用陈述语气，表示“坚决要求”时宾语从句中用虚拟语气(should)＋动词原形。第二个空主语he和choose之间是被动关系，因此选D项。句意：班里所有的学生都坚持说Jack是最聪明的，并坚决要求选他为班长。答案：D3．Twomonthslater，asIcouldn’tseetherewasanypointin______theyhadbeeninvestigating，Isimplydroppedout.A．whichB．whereC．whatD．that解析：考查名词性从句中连词的选用。从语境看，连词在这里引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语，因此用what。答案：C4．—Jennytookthe8：00bustoGuangzhouthismorning.—Really？She______the9：00train.It’smuchmorecomfortableandsafertotravelbytrain.A．couldhavetakenB．shouldtakeC．musthavetakenD．cantake解析：9\n上句表示珍妮已乘坐8点的汽车去广州了。后句说她本可以坐9点的火车去，坐火车比坐汽车更舒服，更安全。“情态动词could＋完成式”表示“本来可以做但没做”，即实际上并没有做某事。答案：A5．Youmustcomebackontime，______I’llallowyoutogothere.A．onthatconditionB．onconditionthatC．onwhichconditionD．onnocondition6．Itissimplyforthatreason______Iwon’ttellhimthetruththathismotherhasbeendead.A．whyB．thatC．soD．which解析：考查强调句。强调了状语部分simplyforthatreason。第一个that是强调句，第二个that引导的从句是truth的同位语从句。reason后不是定语从句，此题易错选A项。答案：B7．Ourgameoftennis______.We’dbeenplayingforabouthalfanhourwhenitstartedtorain.A．hasinterruptedB．wasinterruptedC．hadinterruptedD．hadbeeninterrupted解析：考查动词时态。我们在进行的网球赛由于天开始下雨被打断的，所以要用一般过去时。不要受第二句话的时态的感染而误选D项。答案：B8．Heisn’ttoblamebecauseheis______achild.A．nomorethanB．notlessthanC．morethanD．lessthan解析：nomorethan“仅仅，只是”。句意：他不应该受到责备，他仅仅是个孩子。答案：A9．______tobethebeststudent，Lucyreceivedascholarshipthisyear.A．JudgingB．TojudgeC．JudgedD．Beingjudge解析：考查非谓语动词。动词judge与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词表示被动。答案：C9\n10．Itremainsaquestion______wecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime.A．howB．thatC．whenD．what解析：考查how引导的同位语从句。句意：如何在这么短的时间内弄到那么多的钱仍是个问题。答案：A11．Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars______roadconditionsneed______.A．that；tobeimprovedB．which；tobeimprovedC．where；improvingD．when；improving解析：第一个空考查that引导的同位语从句，表示问题很确定了；第二个空考查needtobedone“需要被干”。答案：A12．______willtakethepositionisnoneofmybusiness.A．WhoB．WhoeverC．WhomD．Whomever解析：whoever引导了主语从句并作从句的主语。句意：不论谁当选都与我无关。答案：B13．—Hey，Tom，wherehaveyoubeen?—Oh，I______inthetrafficjam.OtherwiseI______hereearlier.A．gotstuck；wouldhavecomeB．gotstuck；wasC．havegotstuck；wouldhavecomeD．hadgotstuck；wouldcome解析：第一个空getstuckin表示“受困于……”；第二个空是含有otherwise的含蓄条件句的虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反。答案：A14．Countlesspeopleindevelopingcountriesnolongersuffermalnutrition.______，povertyremainsaproblemworldwide.A．WhileB．NeverthelessC．BesidesD．Inaddition解析：nevertheless“然而”。句意：发展中国家的无数人不再遭受营养不良的疾苦。然而，贫穷仍然是全世界面临的问题。答案：B9\n15．Whowouldyourather______itforyoutomorrow?A．havedeliveredB．hasdeliveredC．havedeliverD．hasdelivering二、完形填空Deepintheheartofeverygoodbookliesthewisdomofcenturies.Toreaditistobecomewiser.Booksarewrittenforthebenefitand__1__ofallthosewholiketoreadthem.Buttheyareof__2__types.Therearebooksforchildren，__3__foradults.Somebooksarewrittenforspecialists，somearewrittenforstudents，andmanyarewrittenjustforthesatisfactionofthe__4__.Indeed，thevarietyofbooksis__5__.Oneofthereasonsforthe__6__ofsuchawidevarietyofbooksisthatthefieldofknowledgeisverybroad.Evento__7__asmallpartofit，onehastoreadseveralbooksformanyyears.Anotherreasonisthatdifferentpeoplehavedifferentlikesanddislikes.To__8__thesebroadandvaryingneedsofpeopleforinformation，knowledgeandrecreation，moreandmorebooksarebeingwritteneveryyear.Thosewhoaimtospecializein(专攻)acertainbranchofknowledge__9__moreonthebooksthatprovideinformationontheirparticularfieldofstudy.Butthosewhohaveno__10__interestinanysubjectreadandbuyalltypesofbooks.Almosteverybook__11__theknowledgeofthereaderanddevelopshisintellectaswell.__12__thereaderdoesnotlearnanynewfactsfromthebook，hemay__13__learnafewnewwords，expressionsorideas.Bookshavealsohelpedto__14__betterunderstandingamongthepeoplesoftheworld.__15__readingbooks，peopleofonecountryhavecometoknowabouttheremarkable__16__ofthoseinothercountrieshavemade.Thus，bookscouldbe__17__oneofthechannelsofcommunicationamongmen.Indeed，withoutbooksmanwouldnothavemadesomuch__18__ashehasmadetoday.By__19__theknowledgethathehasgainedfrombookstopracticalpurposes，hehasmadetheworlda__20__placetolivein.本文介绍了读书的好处。读书是人与人之间沟通和交流的一个很好的渠道。读书也有利于人们生活质量的提高。9\n1．A.profession　　　　　　B．pleasureC．measurementD．commitment解析：根据句中benefit可推断，与之对应的是pleasure。出版书主要是为了那些喜欢读书的人的利益和乐趣。答案：B2．A.superiorB．rareC．differentD．delicate解析：后文说有为孩子们写的书，也有为成年人写的书等等，因此书的种类繁多。答案：C3．A.otherthanB．exceptforC．insteadofD．aswellas解析：后文提到不同类型的书，因此这里指既有为儿童写的书，也有为成年人写的书。答案：D4．A.mindB．healthC．thoughtD．body解析：根据句中satisfaction可推断，有的书只是为了给人带来精神上的满足。答案：A5．A.incompetentB．wideC．suspiciousD．apparent解析：根据前文内容可推断，书的种类是非常多的。答案：B6．A.existenceB．insistenceC．performanceD．absence解析：根据语境可知，这里表示存在如此多种类书的原因。答案：A7．A.receiveB．completeC．graspD．find解析：根据句中onehastoreadseveralbooks可推断，这里表示掌握知识，用grasp。答案：C8．A.feelB．identifyC．winD．meet解析：根据句中moreandmorebooksarebeingwritten可推断，写越来越多的书的目的是满足人们的需要。9\n答案：D9．A.testB．focusC．reportD．turn解析：根据句中specializein可推断，这一类人应该把注意力更多地放在相关领域的书。答案：B10．A.particularB．regularC．commonD．appropriate解析：根据句中alltypesofbooks可推断，这类人没有特别的兴趣，所以阅读范围很广。答案：A11．A.sharesB．broadensC．keepsD．spreads解析：根据句中developshisintellect可推断，这里讲书的作用，它可以拓宽读者的知识面。答案：B12．A.AsifB．BecauseC．EvenifD．Unless解析：根据句中doesnot和learnafew可以推断，是让步关系，表示“即使”。答案：C13．A.inbriefB．atonceC．ingeneralD．atleast解析：与newfacts相比，words，expressionsorideas显得不那么重要，故用atleast，“至少”。答案：D14．A.promoteB．changeC．defendD．approve解析：根据betterunderstanding可推断，通过读书可以促进全世界人们之间的了解。答案：A15．A.InB．OnC．ByD．For解析：根据句中havecometoknow可推断，这些是通过看书才知道的，用by。答案：C16．A.conditionB．achievements9\nC．talentD．similarities解析：根据句中remarkable和thoseinothercountrieshavemade可知，这里指别国取得的显著的成就。答案：B17．A.characterizedbyB．connectedwithC．extendedtoD．regardedas解析：根据句中channels可知，书被看作是人与人之间沟通的一个渠道。答案：D18．A.progressB．moneyC．noiseD．profit解析：根据后句中hehasmadetheworld可推出，这里指没有书的话，人类不可能取得像今天一样的进步。答案：A19．A.pointingB．referringC．applyingD．explaining解析：根据句中practicalpurposes可知，这里指把从书本获得的知识运用于实际。答案：C20．A.pleasantB．mysteriousC．competitiveD．terrible解析：这里讲的是读书给人带来的益处，由此可得出答案。答案：A三、短文填空根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inmanycountries，itisimportanttohavemanychildren.IntheUS，afewreligiousgroupsemphasizetheimportanceoflargefamilies，butmostpeoplethinkoneortwochildrenareenough，andmanycoupleshavenochildren.__1__Havingmanychildrenwouldrestrictthefreedomandindividualismoftheparentsaswellastheotherchildreninthefamily.Parentsteachindividualismbythewaytheyraisetheirchildren.__2__Parentsbeginteachingthisselfrelianceearly，askingthechildtodothingsonherownandpraisingherwhenshedoes.__3__Theybringtheirchildrenwiththemtochurch，tosportingevents，tostores，andtosocialevents.However，manyplaces，suchasexpensiverestaurants9\nandlivetheatreproductions，donotwelcomechildren.Mostformalsocialgatherings，thosewithwritteninvitationsdonotwelcomechildreneither.Children，especiallyboysareexpectedtobeenergeticandassertive(果敢的)．__4__Parentsareexpectedtokeeptheirchildrenundercontrolatalltimes，particularlyinpublicplacesandinthehomesofothers.Whenachildmisbehaves，onlythechild’sparentsmaydisciplinehim.__5__Mostparentsdisciplinetheirchildrenbyrewardinggoodbehaviors，notbypunishingbadbehaviors.Whileaspanking，aslaptothechild’sbuttocks(屁股)，isacceptabletosomepeople，anypunishmentthatwoundsthechildorleavesamarkisconsideredchildabuseandisagainstthelaw.A．TherelationshipbetweenAmericanparentsandtheirchildrenisharmony.B．Thatdoesn’tmean，though，thattheyareallowedto“runwild”inpublic.C．Becausetakingcareofachildisverycostly，financially，emotionally，andsocially，manycouplesviewlargefamiliesasadisadvantage.D．Othersadultsshouldnotinterfere(干涉)unlessthechildisdoingsomethingwhichmaybeharmfultohimself.E．Americanchildrenareexpectedtoacceptinvitationstoaformalparty.F．Manyparentswanttoexposetheirchildrentoavarietyofsituations.G．Theywanttocreateaselfreliant，independentchild，whocanmakeitonherownbyageeighteen.答案：1.C　2.G　3.F　4.B　5.D四、短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/\，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\划掉。修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及修改均限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从11处起)不计分。Timefliesasanarrow.I’malreadyinthesecondhalfofseniorGrade3beforeIrealizedit.ItisonlyalittlemorethanthreemonthsbeforeIgraduatemiddleschool.Atthepresent.I’mbusyreviewmylessoninordertotakethecollegeentranceexamination.IhopetogotoBeijingUniversity，thatisoneofthebest9\nuniversitynotonlyinChinabutalsointheworld.I’lltrymybesttoturnmydreamintoreality.Mostofmyclassmatesarealsostudyingveryhardtorealizeourwishes.Idobelieveeveryonewillabletoenteraverygooduniversityandcollege.9