【创新设计】（广东专用）2022高考英语 大二轮总复习定时训练 12

定时训练(12)　Ⅰ.完形填空体裁：说明文　话题：友谊　时间：14分钟Peoplealwayssaythatteenagefriendshipsarethemostprecious.Kidsaretoo__1__tounderstandrealfriendshipwhileadultstendtorelateittofameandwealth.Thingsare__2__withhighschoolbestfriends.Weshareeachother's__3__．Wediscussnewsfromallwalksoflifeandbeginto__4__ourvalues.We__5__eachotheronthejourneytothebiggestchallengeinourlives.Wealsosharesuccessandfailure.The__6__offriendshipbecomedeeplyrooted.Manyofusdon'trealizethisuntilweenter__7__．Oneofmyfriends，Cora，experiencedhow__8__thebondwithhighschoolfriendscanbe.“Itwasmyhighschoolfriendwhohelpedmegetthroughthedarkestdaysinmylife，”Corasaid.In2022Cora__9__herjobinNewYork.Cora'sbestfriendwasstayinginacollegedormitoryandtookherin.Eachnightthetwogirlssqueezed(挤)intoa__10__singlebed，chattingandcrying.“I'llneverforgethercareandencouragement，whichsupportedmeoutofthe__11__，”saidCora.Istillremembermy__12__daysinSenior3.Atthetime，I__13__a20－pagemessagewithmybestfriend，bothofushopingtokeepthefriendshipgoingforever.Butwedidn'trealizewewere__14__deepineachother'sheart.Duringthepast10years，wheneverI'veneededhelporwantedtopouroutmy__15__，shehasalwaysbeenthereattheotherendofatelephoneline.【语篇导读】　作者通过孩子与成人的比较说明友谊在不同年龄段的认知特点。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　1．A.sillyB．youngC．slowD．naughty解析　此处指孩子年龄还太小(young)，不懂得真正的友谊。答案　B2．A.differentB．familiarC．simpleD．comfortable解析　上文讲了孩提时期还不懂得真正的友谊，成年人则常把友谊同名声、财富联系在一起。根据第二段及下文所描述的情况可知，高中时期最要好的朋友之间的友谊则与上述两种情形不一样，故用different。答案　A3．A.successB．failureC．valuesD．secrets解析　此处指分享彼此的“秘密”。A、B、C三项在下文中都做了描述，故可排除，否则重复。答案　D4．A.shapeB．changeC．designD．discover解析　此处指讨论生活中方方面面的事情并开始“形成”自己的价值观。答案　A5．A.praiseB．blame6\nC．informD．support解析　根据该空后的“...tothebiggestchallenge...”及本段中的“Wealsosharesuccessandfailure.”可知，本句句意为：在通向我们人生最大挑战的旅途中，我们彼此“支持”。答案　D6．A.flowersB．fruitsC．leavesD．seeds解析　本句用了比喻。四个选项中能与句中的rooted搭配的只可能是D项。此处指在相互讨论、彼此支持、分享成败的过程中，友谊的“种子”深深地扎根于我们之间。答案　D7．A.universityB．classroomC．societyD．hotel解析　根据下文讲的Cora的例子可知，她是在出了学校进入社会后才体会到高中时期友谊的珍贵，而作者在下文中讲的自己的经历也是如此。因此，本句句意为：我们许多人直到进入“社会”后才认识到这一点。答案　C8．A.strongB．freeC．clearD．weak解析　Cora在进入社会后，体会到与高中的好朋友之间的关系是多么紧密。strong在此意为“紧密的，牢固的”。答案　A9．A.gotB．foundC．lostD．changed解析　根据下文讲的Cora和她的好朋友挤在一张单人床上以及上文中的thedarkestdays可知，Cora“失去”了工作。答案　C10．A.newB．narrowC．warmD．large解析　根据该空前的squeezed(挤)into及该空后的singlebed可知，床应该很“窄”。答案　B11．A.circleB．marriageC．darknessD．loneliness解析　根据上文中的thedarkestdays可知，Cora把失业那一段时间称为人生中最黑暗的日子，故此处指她的好朋友的关心和鼓励帮助她走出了“黑暗”。答案　C12．A.lonelyB．busyC．sadD．last解析　两人交换着信息，希望能长久保持相互之间的友谊，由此情景可判断出应是在高三“最后的”日子里。答案　D13．A.sentB．completedC．wroteD．exchanged解析　作者和好朋友交换(exchange)了长达二十页的信息，希望友谊能够长存。答案　D14．A.alreadyB．even6\nC．insteadD．still解析　根据本文讲述的重点“高中时期的友谊是最珍贵的”可知，此处指当时她们还没有意识到她们“已经”在彼此的内心深处了。答案　A15．A.excitementB．breathC．unhappinessD．joy解析　此处应指在作者想倾吐内心的“不快”时也会给她最好的朋友打电话。答案　CⅡ.语法填空Eachstoryisdifferent.Somearedetailed；othersareunclear.Somehaveabeginning，middleandend；__1__wanderwithoutaclearconclusion.Yetallthosethingsdonotreallymatter.__2__matterstothestorytelleristhatthestoryisheard—without__3__(interrupt)，statementorjudgment.Listeningtosomeone'sstorycosts__4__(little)thanexpensivediagnostictestingbutiskeytohealingandanalysis.Ioftenthoughtofwhatawomanoncetaughtme，andIreminded__5__oftheimportanceofstopping，sittingdownand__6__(true)listening.Iamadoctor.And，notlongafter，in__7__unexpectedtwist(扭伤)，Ibecamethepatient，withajudgmentofnumeroussclerosis(细胞壁硬化)atage31.Now，20yearslater，Isitallthetime—inawheelchair.ForaslongasIcould，Icontinuedtoseepatientsfrommychair，__8__Ihadtoquitwhenmyhands__9__(affect)．Istillteachmedicalstudentsandotherhealthcareprofessionals，butnow__10__theviewpointofaphysicianandpatient，ItellthemIbelieveinthepoweroflisteningandtellthemIknowthatvasthealingtakesplacewithinmewhensomeonestops，sitsdownandlistenstomystory.答案　1.others　2.What　3.interruption　4.less5．myself　6.truly　7.an　8.but　9.wereaffected10．fromⅢ.阅读理解A体裁：说明文　话题：西方文化　时间：6分钟Inmyopinion，Halloweenisthemostmisunderstoodholidayoftheyear.Iamawarethattheword“holiday”impliesholyday.Unfortunately，mostthingsthatpeopledon'tunderstandcanbecomefearful.ThebiggestmisunderstandingaboutHalloweenisthatitisadayfordevilworshipping.HalloweenisnowcelebratedonOctober31asacostumeandcandyholiday，butthosetraditionshaveactualmeaninginhistory.October31stwascelebratedasaholidaywithgreatfestivalsbecauseitmarkstheendoftheharvestyear.Italsomarkstheendofthelighterhalfoftheyearandthebeginningofthedarkerhalfoftheyear，becausethelightofdaygetsshorterandthedarkofnightgetslonger.Inancientcultures，thiswasareallymeaningfulevent.Alsoitisbelievedthatonthisday，theveilbetweentheworlds(deadandalive)isatitsthinnestpointandthatthespiritscanmosteasilypassthroughit.Itisaveryspecialdaytohonorspirit.Manypeopleinancienttimesbelievingthatthedeadwouldwalkamongusbecamefearful6\nanddesignedstrangecostumestofoolthedead，whichiswherethetraditionofHalloweencostumescomesfrom.Besides，becauseHalloweenmarksthebeginningofthedarkerhalfoftheyear，manypeoplesawthatasevilandbecamefrightenedandthereforehadsuchnegativeassociationswiththistimeofyear.Halloween，forme，isadeeplypersonalholiday.Itisatimetoreflectonthespiritualnatureofmyself.Itisadaytoreconnecttothemagicalthingsinlife，suchashowthelovethatIfeelformygrandmother，whopassedawayovertenyearsago，isstillasstrongnowwhenIthinkofherasiteverwaswhenIcouldbewithherinperson.MyhusbandandIexchangedourweddingvows(誓言)onHalloweenbecauseIcouldn'tthinkofamoremeaningfulorromanticdaytopledgeourloveandlifetoeachother.【语篇导读】　本文介绍了万圣节为什么让人们产生负面的联想。1．Inancientcultures，peoplecelebratedOctober31stbecause________．A．theyfeltextremelyfrightenedonthisdayB．thisdaymarkedtheendoftheharvestyearC．thisdaymarkedthebeginningofanewyearD．theythoughtthisdayhadamagicalpower解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句和最后一句可知，在古代文化习俗中，人们庆祝10月31日是因为这一天是一年收获结束的标志，故选B项。答案　B2．HowdopeoplecometomisunderstandHalloweennowadays?A．Theyregarditasaspecialharvestholiday.B．Theythinkit'llbringthembadluck.C．Theythinkthedeadwilltroublethemonthisday.D．Theyregarditasadaytoworshipthedead.解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“ThebiggestmisunderstandingaboutHalloweenisthatitisadayfordevilworshipping.”可知，人们误解万圣节是因为人们认为这一天是来敬奉死者的。答案　D3．WhydidpeopleinancienttimeswearstrangecostumesonHalloween?A．Toattractpeople'sattention.B．Tothreatenthechildren.C．Tofoolthedead.D．Tocheatothers.解析　细节理解题。根据第四段第三句可知，人们穿上怪异的服装是为了欺骗死人的灵魂。答案　C4．Intheauthor'sopinion，Halloweenisadayto______．A．enjoydeliciousfoodsB．showourlovetoothersC．recallthewonderfultimesD．checkourpastbehavior解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、三句可推知，作者认为万圣节是回忆人生美好时光的时候，故选C项。答案　C5．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．HowtocelebrateHalloween.6\nB．HowHalloweenbecamepopular.C．ThespecialmeaningofHalloween.D．WhyHalloweenhasabadreputation.解析　主旨大意题。本文介绍了人们对万圣节存在误解的缘由，即介绍了万圣节为什么让人们产生负面的联想，因此D项正确。答案　DB体裁：说明文　话题：现代科技　时间：8分钟Plasticisoneofthemostimportanttechnologicaldiscoveriesofthe20thcentury.However，itmaysoonbereplaced.Thenewdevelopment—liquidwood—canreplaceplasticsinallbranchesofmodernindustries.Plasticasamaterialenjoysthebiggestdemandinthemodernworld，butitdoeshaveanumberofdrawbacks.Firstandforemost，plasticisn'trecyclable.Secondly，itcontainstoxins(毒物)helpingdevelopcancerousdiseases.Finally，it'smadeofoilandoilreservesaren'tendless.Theliquidwoodtechnologyislikelytoreplaceplasticandprovidemankindwithnewmaterialsformanyyearsahead.NorbertEisenfreich，aseniorresearcherattheFaunhoferInstituteforChemicalTechnology(ICT)inGermany，saidthatarboform，thenewmaterial，ismadeoflignin(木质素)，whichcanbeobtainedfromsofttissuesofwood.Oncemixedwithseveralothermaterials，itturnsintosolidandnon－toxicalternativeforplastics.ICTteamleaderEmiliaReginaInone－Kauffmannsaidthewood－workingindustryseparateswoodintothreebasiccomponents，includinglignin.Ligninisn'tusedfortheproductionofpaper.SpecialistsofICTmixedligninwithseveralnaturalmaterialsandthusinventedthematerialwhichcouldbemeltedandmolded(铸型)．Whensolid，arboformlookslikeplasticandpossessesthequalitiesofpolishedwood.Itcanbeusedfortheproductionofanyitems.Arboformisalreadyusedfortheproductionofcarpartswhichrequireextrastrength.Inaddition，liquidwoodcanberecycledrepeatedly.Thematerialpreservedallofitsqualitiesevenifit'sreprocessedtentimes.However，thenewinventiondoesn'tenjoyanextensiveuseduetothehighcontentofsulphur(硫)init.Germanresearchersaresuretoreducetheamountofsulphurby90percentverysoontomakearboformusableforhomeneeds.【语篇导读】　塑料制品是20世纪最重要的发明之一，但因为其缺点与不足，将被另外一种全新的材料所取代。6．Accordingtothepassage，plastic________．A．playsabigroleinthemodernworldB．helpstoprotectourenvironmentinsomewayC．hasbeenreplacedbythenewlydiscoveredmaterialD．helpsustoreducetheuseofpetrol解析　细节理解题。由文章第一段第一句和常识可知，塑料是现代社会中不可或缺的原材料。答案　A7．Theunderlinedword“alternative”inParagraph3refersto________．A．ligninorarboformB．plastics6\nC．mixtureofseveralmaterialsD．softtissuesofwood解析　词义猜测题。由上文的条件状语从句可知，arboform和其他几种材料混合以后，就变成了不含毒的固体，成为塑料的alternative，也就是说alternative指的就是arboform和几种材料的混合物。答案　C8．What'stheadvantageofarboformoverplastics?A．Itiseasilymadefromnaturaloil.B．Itismorewidelyusedinhousehold.C．Itisrecyclableandfriendlytotheenvironment.D．Itcontainsnopoisonousmaterials.解析　细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段可知，arboform是可以被重复循环利用的，因而对环境也有利。答案　C9．ItcanbeconcludedthatGermanresearcherswillfocustheirfutureworkfirstlyon________．A．thematerial'sextensiveuseB．thecontentofsulphurinarboformC．theproductioncostofarboformD．thequalitiesofliquidwood解析　推理判断题。由文章最后一段可知，arboform之所以还没有得到广泛应用是因为它的硫含量太高，故德国的研究者会首先把研究重点置于降低硫含量上。答案　B10．Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________．A．advertisethenewmaterial—arboformB．introduceliquidwoodwhichwillreplaceplasticC．advertisenewproductsmadeofarboformD．showreadershowtoproducearboform解析　推理判断题。文章通过拿arboform和塑料作比较，一是为了介绍arboform这种新材料，同时也为了说明arboform即将取代塑料这一趋势。答案　B6