【创新设计】（广东专用）2022高考英语 大二轮总复习定时训练 2

定时训练(2)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Ⅰ.专题特训(定语从句)一、定语从句根据语境填入适当的关系代词或关系副词，使句意完整，然后熟读感悟。1．Theweatherwasverysunnythefollowingday，______waswhatwehadexpected.解析　本题用which代替前面整个句子，引导非限制性定语从句。答案　which2．Themanabout______youtoldmetheotherdayturnedouttobeathief.解析　先行词是人，且从句缺宾语，故用whom。答案　whom3．Ihavefinishedreadingallthebooks______wereborrowedfromtheschoollibrary.解析　先行词是物thebooks，且有all修饰，只能用that。答案　that4．Icannotforgetthetime______Istayedinthecountrywiththosefarmers.解析　定语从句中不缺主语，也不缺宾语，从句中缺时间状语，因此需用关系副词when来引导从句。答案　when5．______isreportedinthenewspaper，thewarbetweenthetwocountrieshascometoastop.解析　当非限制性定语从句放在句首时，只能用as引导；当as在从句中作主语时，后面常接动词的被动语态。答案　As6．LuXun，______realnameisZhouShuren，wrotelotsofnovelsandessays.解析　关系词在从句中作定语，用whose。答案　whose7．Canyouthinkofanotherexample______thisphrasecanbeused?解析　定语从句中不缺主语，也不缺宾语，关系词在从句中作地点状语，因此需用where来引导。where＝inwhich。答案　where8．Shenzhenisnotthecity______itusedtobetwentyyearsago.解析　当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也在从句中作表语时，用that。答案　that9．Doyoustillrememberthehappydays______wespenttogetherinBeijing?解析　定语从句中缺宾语，用that，which或不填均可。答案　that/which/不填10．Ihaveboughtthesameskirt______sheiswearing.解析　先行词前有thesame修饰，定语从句用as/that作关系词。as引导从句表示“与……同样”；that引导从句表示“同一个”。这里表示“同样的”，故用as引导。答案　as11．Thegirlarrangedtohavepianolessonsatthetrainingcentrewithhersister______shewouldstayforanhour.解析　句意：这个女孩准备在培训中心和她姐姐一起上钢琴课。在那里她将待一个小时。先行词为thetrainingcentre，从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。8\n答案　where12．StephenHawkingbelievesthattheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet______lifehasdevelopedgradually.解析　句意：史蒂芬·霍金认为，地球可能不是唯一有生命进化的行星。where在此引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，相当于ontheplanet。答案　where二、名词性从句根据语境填入适当的关联词，使句意完整；然后熟读感悟。1．Thismuseumisnot______itwastenyearsago.解析　此处what引导表语从句，并在从句中作表语。whatitwastenyearsago“它十年前的样子”。答案　what2．Shedresseswell，butthetroubleis______theclothessheiswearingdon'tgowitheachotherverywell.解析　此处that引导表语从句。that在从句中不充当成分。答案　that3．Youhavenoidea______anxiousIhavebeenforhersafety.解析　此处how引导的从句表示名词idea的具体内容，是同位语从句。答案　how4．Myradiodoesn'twork.Idon'tknow______isthetrouble.解析　句意：我的收音机坏了，我不知道问题出在哪里。由句子结构可知，此处缺宾语从句的引导词，其在从句中充当表语。答案　where5．______hedoesn'tlikethemisveryclear.解析　此处that引导主语从句。注意that从句位于句首时，that是绝对不能省略的。这个句子也可以改成用it作形式主语的句子：Itisveryclearthathedoesn'tlikethem.答案　That6．Theoldwomanwasshockedby______hadhappenedtoherdaughter.解析　what引导宾语从句，作介词by的宾语，且what在从句中作主语。答案　what7．Couldyoutellmefor______youhaveboughtthisfurcoat?解析　whom作介词的宾语并引导tell后的宾语从句，介词for前置，将其还原后应为：...youhaveboughtthisfurcoatfor(whom)?答案　whom8．______ThomasEdisonbecameagreatinventorisknowntoall.解析　此处how引导主语从句。答案　How9．______we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.解析　此处whether引导主语从句。答案　Whether10．______hefeltsorryforwas______hewasn'tintimetopreventtheaccident.解析　前半句为what引导的主语从句，后半句为that引导的表语从句。答案　What；that11．Itwasneverclear______themanhadn'treportedtheaccidentsooner.8\n解析　句意：为什么这个人没有尽快报告这起事故还不清楚。本题考查主语从句。It为形式主语，真正的主语为设空处以及其后面的从句。答案　why12．I'mafraidhe'smoreofatalkerthanadoer，whichis______heneverfinishesanything.解析　句意：恐怕与其说他是个实干家不如说他是个空谈家，这就是他总是一事无成的原因。在which引导的定语从句中，is后面是一个表语从句。答案　why13．Toimprovethequalityofourproducts，weaskedforsuggestions______hadusedtheproducts.解析　句意：为提高产品的质量，我们向用过这些产品的人征求建议。考查名词性从句。这里whoever(＝anyonewho)引导宾语从句，而且在从句中作主语。Iwillhelpwhoeverneedshelp.＝Iwillhelpanyonewhoneedshelp.答案　whoever14．Shehasbeenin________doctorsdescribeasavegetativestateforsixyears.解析　what引导的名词性从句作介词in的宾语，what在从句中作describe的宾语。答案　what15．Parentsaretaughttounderstand________importanteducationistotheirchildren'sfuture.解析　句意：教家长理解教育对他们孩子的未来有多么重要。应使用how修饰形容词important。答案　how三、状语从句根据语境填入适当的连接词，使句意完整，然后熟读感悟。1．Mr.SmithhaslearnedsomeChinese______hecametoShenzhen.解析　句意：自从史密斯先生来到深圳，他已经学会了一些中文。此处since引导的时间状语从句。since“自从”，从句的时态若是一般过去时，相应的主句中的时态常是完成时或完成进行时。答案　since2．Ifyouworkwithastrongwill，youwillovercomeanydifficulty，______greatitis.解析　however(＝nomatterhow)引导让步状语从句。句意：工作中如果你有坚定的信念，不管困难有多大，你都会克服。答案　however3．Anewschoolwasbuilt______therehadoncebeenawasteland.解析　where引导地点状语从句。句意：一所新的学校在那个曾是废墟的地方建起来了。答案　where4．______you'vegotsuchagoldenchance，whynotmakethebestofit?解析　此处since(＝nowthat)引导原因状语从句，意为“既然”。句意：既然你已经得到一个如此宝贵的机会，为何不充分利用呢？答案　Since5．Awholemonthhadpassed______shefullyrecovered.解析　before引导时间状语从句，before“还未……就……；不到……就；……才……；趁；还没来得及”。句意：一整个月过去了，她才完全康复。答案　before6．Iheardaknockatthedoor______Iwashavingdinner.解析　如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段8\n时间内正在进行的动作时，when，while与as可互换使用。句意：当我正在吃饭时，我听到了敲门声。答案　when/while/as7．______thedaywentby，theweathergotworse.解析　此处as引导时间状语从句。从属连词as可表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时进行，可译为“一边……(一边……)”或“随着……”。句意：随着日子一天天过去，天气变得更糟糕了。答案　As8．______IlikeChinesefood，Iwon'tvisitthatrestauranttoday.I'dliketotryadifferentone.解析　although引导让步状语从句。although/though尽管。句意：尽管我喜欢中国食物，但我今天不会去那家餐馆。我想试一家不同的餐馆。答案　Although/Though9．Youwillsucceedintheend______yougiveuphalfway.解析　unless引导条件状语从句。unless＝ifnot如果不。句意：你最终会成功，除非你中途放弃。答案　unless10．Tomdidn'tgotobed______hismothercamebackfromwork.解析　until引导时间状语从句。not...until...直到……才……。句意：直到他妈妈下班回来，Tom才上床睡觉。答案　until11．Ididn'tknowwhathappened.Hehadrushedoutoftheroom________Icouldaskhim.解析　before引导时间状语从句。before在……之前，还没来得及。句意：我不知道发生了什么事情。我还没来得及问，他就已经冲出了房间。答案　before12．Pleasekeepreadingthepoem______youhaverememberedit.解析　until引导时间状语从句。until直到。句意：请一直读这首诗，直到你记住它。答案　until13．Canyouimaginehowlongitwillbe______anewdrugisinventedforAIDS?解析　考查before引导的时间状语从句。此为Itwillbe＋时间段＋before(……多久之后才……)结构的变形。howlong后的从句作imagine的宾语，要用陈述句语序。答案　before14．______youunderstandtherule，youwillfinditveryeasytoobey.解析　once引导条件状语从句。once一旦。句意：一旦你明白了规则，你就会发现很容易遵循。答案　Once15．______inBeijing，IpaidavisittotheSummerPalace.解析　此题考查while引导的时间状语从句。当前后主语一致时，从句可以省略主语和be动词。句意：在北京期间，我参观了颐和园。答案　WhileⅡ.完形填空体裁：说明文　话题：计算机科学　时间：15分钟Thecomputervirusisanoutcomeofthecomputerovergrowthinthe1980s.Thecauseoftheterm“computervirus”isthe__1__betweenthebiologicalvirusandtheevilprograminfectedwith8\ncomputers.The__2__ofthistermcamefromanAmericansciencefiction“TheAdolescenceofP－1”，publishedin1977.Humanviruses__3__alivingcellandturnitintoafactoryfor__4__viruses.However，computervirusesaresmallprograms.Theycopybyattachingacopyofthemselvestoanotherprogram.Once__5__tothehostprogram，thevirusesthenlookforother__6__to“infect”．Inthisway，theviruscanspread__7__throughoutaharddiskoranentireorganizationwhenitinfectsaLANoramultiusersystem.Atsomepoint，determinedbyhowtheviruswasprogrammed，thevirus__8__．Thetimingoftheattackcanbelinkedtoanumberof__9__，includingacertaintimeordate，thepresenceofaparticularfile，thesecurityprivilegeleveloftheuser，andthenumberoftimesafileisused.Likewise，themodeofattack__10__．So－called“benign(良性的)”virusesmightsimplydisplayamessage.Malignantvirusesaredesignedto__11__thesystem.Theattackistowipeoutdata，to__12__filesortoformattheharddisk.Therearefourmaintypesofviruses:shell，intrusive，operatingsystemandsourceode.Shellviruses__13__themselvesaroundahostprogramanddon'tchangetheoriginalprogram.Shellprogramsare__14__towrite，whichiswhyabouthalfofvirusesareofthistype.Intrusivevirusesinvadeanexistingprogramandactuallyinsertaportionofthemselvesintothehostprogram.Intrusivevirusesarehardtowriteandverydifficultto__15__withoutdamagingthehostfile.【语篇导读】　本文为说明文，介绍了计算机病毒名称的由来，病毒侵入程序的方式，病毒发作的时间和方式，以及病毒的类型。1．A.divisionB．agreementC．differenceD．similarity解析　根据常识，计算机上传染的有害程序与生物学中病毒之间有“相似性”，才会叫计算机病毒。答案　D2．A.startB．useC．originD．meaning解析　从后文camefrom可知，是指这个词的“来源”。答案　C3．A.seizeB．invadeC．killD．make解析　根据常识，病毒应是“入侵”活细胞。答案　B4．A.preventingB．reducingC．designingD．manufacturing解析　工厂应是“制造”病毒。答案　D5．A.addedB．attachedC．addictedD．accustomed解析　由前段末句中attachingacopyofthemselvestoanotherprogram可知，此处指病毒程序“附加到”一个主程序上。原词复现。答案　B6．A.programsB．factoriesC．creaturesD．attacks解析　由前文的thehostprogram可知此处是otherprograms。原词复现。8\n答案　A7．A.absolutelyB．steadilyC．quicklyD．automatically解析　由throughoutaharddiskoranentireorganization可知，这种病毒传播非常“迅速”。答案　C8．A.attacksB．appearsC．spreadsD．produces解析　由下句的Thetimingoftheattack可知。原词复现。答案　A9．A.risksB．infectionsC．causesD．situations解析　由including...可知，病毒发作的时间与许多种“情况”有关。答案　D10．A.variesB．simplifiesC．decreasesD．behaves解析　由Likewise(同样地)可知，正确选项应与anumberofsituations意义相关，故选varies。答案　A11．A.defendB．damageC．breakD．misread解析　由下句wipeoutdata等可知，恶性病毒是设计来“损坏”系统的。答案　B12．A.provideB．saveC．deleteD．change解析　与wipeoutdata(消除数据)和formattheharddisk(格式化硬盘)相并列的应是deletefiles(删除文件)。答案　C13．A.wrapB．adjustC．installD．apply解析　由后文don'tchangetheoriginalprogram可知，这种病毒自己“裹在”在主程序周围，不修改原程序。答案　A14．A.difficultB．impossibleC．hardD．easy解析　由whichiswhyabouthalfofvirusesareofthistype可知，这种病毒的程序很容易写；由与之对应的下句也可知选与hard意义相反的词。反义词同现。答案　D15．A.settleB．removeC．recoverD．recognize解析　结合上句，本句不难理解：不损坏主文件的情况下很难“移除”侵入的病毒。答案　BⅢ.阅读理解体裁：说明文　话题：生活用品故事　时间：6分钟WhatdefinesAmericanclothingorfashion?CanyouthinkofapieceofclothingthatisinseparablylinkedtoAmericanculture?Youranswerwouldbebluejeans.8\nLeviStraussdidnotinventjeans，butheisconsideredthefirstpersontomakeandsellgreatnumbersofthem.HewasborninBavaria，anareathattodayispartofGermany.In1847heandhisfamilyimmigratedtotheUnitedStates.LeviStraussopenedasmalldrygoodsstore，firstinNewYork，theninSanFrancisco，California.Amongtheproductshesoldwerejeans.ThesepantswereespeciallyusefulforminersinCalifornia.Theyneededclothingmadefromastrongmaterial.Jeansareusuallymadefromaheavycottonclothcalleddenim.LeviStrausspartneredwithaclothingmakernamedJacobDavis.Davishadinventedaprocessformakingrivetsforjeans.Theselittlemetalconnectorshelpedholdthepiecesofclothtogethertomakethejeansstronger.In1873，thegovernmentgaveStraussandDavisapatentfortheirinvention.Thatmeantnooneelsecouldlegallycopyitwithouttheirpermission.In1928，theLeviStrausscompanyregisteredtheword“Levi's”asatrademarkfortheirproduct.TheSmithsonian'sNationalMuseumofAmericanHistoryinWashingtonhasoneoftheoldestknownpairsofLevi's.WriterJamesSullivanpublishedabookcalledJeans:ACulturalHistoryofanAmericanIcon.Init，hesaysjeansrepresenttwoAmericanvalues:creativityandrebellion.CowboysworejeansintheoldWildWest.Inthe1950s，peoplesawfamousHollywoodactorslikeJamesDeanandMarlonBrandowearingjeansinmovies.Todayjeansstillcomeinbluebutalsolotsofothercolors.Theycanalsodifferwidelyinprice.Youmightfindjeansfor15dollarsinanAmericandiscountstore.However，theycanalsosellforthousandsofdollarsapair.Somepeopleliketobuyjeansthatlookfreshandnew.Othersliketobuynewjeansthataretornandlookold.Whatkindofjeansdoyoulike?Letusknow.Sendanemailtolearningenglish@voanews.com.【语篇导读】　本文介绍牛仔裤的发展历史，以及其演变的过程和受人们欢迎的原因。1．WheredidLeviStraussstarttoselljeans?A．Germany.B．NewYork.C．SanFrancisco.D．TheSmithsonian'sNationalMuseum.解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“LeviStraussopenedasmalldrygoodsstore，firstinNewYork，theninSanFrancisco，California.Amongtheproductshesoldwerejeans.”可知LeviStrauss开始卖牛仔裤是在纽约。答案　B2．Whydidminerslovetowearjeans?A．Becausejeansweredurable.B．Becausejeanswereverybeautiful.C．Becauseminersdidn'tlikeotherpants.8\nD．Becausejeanswereverypopular.解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“ThesepantswereespeciallyusefulforminersinCalifornia.Theyneededclothingmadefromastrongmaterial.Jeansareusuallymadefromaheavycottonclothcalleddenim.”可知矿工喜欢牛仔裤的原因是它们耐穿。答案　A3．IfyouarewatchingaHollywoodfilm，youmightnoticethat________hasjeansoninit.A．JamesSullivanB．LeviStraussC．JacobDavisD．MarlonBrando解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知D项中的MarlonBrando的是好莱坞的电影演员，所以选D。其他三人：JamesSullivan是Jeans:ACulturalHistoryofanAmericanIcon.的作者；LeviStrauss和JacobDavis是牛仔裤的制造商。答案　D4．WhendidtheLeviStrausscompanyfirstproduceLevi'sjeans?A．Inthelate1920s.B．Inthelate1840s.C．Intheearly1870s.D．Inthe1950s.解析　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“In1928，theLeviStrausscompanyregisteredtheword”Levi's“asatrademarkfortheirproduct.”可知从二十世纪二十年代末LeviStrauss的公司开始生产Levi's牌子的牛仔裤。答案　A5．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Thecoloursaboutjeans.B．Thepricesaboutjeans.C．Thestyleaboutjeans.D．Thenowsituationsaboutjeans.解析　推理判断题。文章最后一段中主要谈到了现在牛仔裤有不同的颜色；不同的价格；不同的人喜欢不同款式的牛仔裤。由此可以判断本段主要讨论的是关于牛仔裤的现状。故选D。答案　D8