【高考专题辅导】湖北省2022版高考英语 专题检测卷（十七）阅读理解

阅读理解(建议用时:25分钟)A(2022·十堰模拟)体裁说明文题材手机的使用词数296　　Holdingacellphoneagainstyourearorstoringitinyourpocketmaybedangeroustoyourhealth.Thisexplainsawarningthatcellphonemanufacturersincludeinthesmallprintthatisoftenignoredwhenanewphoneispurchased.Apple,forexample,doesn’twantiPhonestocomeclosertoyouthan1.5centimeters;ResearchInMotion,BlackBerry’smanufacturer,recommends2.5centimeters.Ifhealthissuesarisefromcellphoneuse,thepossibleeffectsarehuge.Voicecalls—Americanschatoncellphones2.26trillion(万亿)minutesannually—earn$109billionforthewirelesscarriers.DevraDavis,anexpertwhohasworkedfortheUniversityofPittsburgh,haspublishedabookaboutcellphoneradiation,“Disconnect.”Thebooksurveysscientificresearchandconcludesthequestionisnotsettled.BraincancerisaconcernthatMs.Davisexamines.Overall,therehasnotbeenanincreaseinitsincidencesincecellphonesarrived.Buttheaveragemasksanincreaseinbraincancerinthe20-to-29agegroupandadropfortheolderpopulation.“Mostcancershavemultiplecauses,”shesays,butshepointstolaboratoryresearchthatsuggestslow-energyradiationcoulddamagecellsthatcouldpossiblyleadtocancer.Childrenaremorevulnerable(易受伤的)toradiationthanadults,Ms.Davisandotherscientistspointout.Radiationthatpenetratesonlyfivecentimetersintothebrainofanadultwillreachmuchdeeperintothebrainsofchildrenbecausetheirskullsarethinnerandtheirbrainscontainmoreabsorptivefluid(易吸收的液体).Nostudieshaveyetbeencompletedoncellphoneradiationandchildren,shesays.HenryLai,aresearchprofessorinthebioengineeringdepartmentattheUniversityofWashington,beganlaboratoryradiationstudiesin1980andfoundthatratsexposedtoradiationhaddamagedDNAintheirbrains.Ms.Davisrecommendsusingwiredheadsetsorthephone’sspeaker.Childrenshouldtextrather-7-\nthancall,shesaid,andpregnantwomenshouldkeepphonesawayfromtheabdomen(腹部).1.AccordingtoMs.Davis,braincancerincreases　　　.A.amongchildren　　　　B.amongoldpeopleC.inthetwentiesD.amongpregnantwomen2.Whydochildreneasilybeaffectedbyradiation?A.Becausetheyhaven’tgrownup.B.Becausetheyaretooyoungtoprotectthemselves.C.Becausetheyusecellphonesmoreoftenthanadults.D.Becausetheirskullsarethinnerandtheirbrainsareeasilyhurt.3.Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A.Pregnantwomenshouldkeepcellphonesaway.B.Peopleshouldusecellphonesinthecorrectway.C.Ifyouareachild,you’dbettertextratherthanmakephonecalls.D.Whenyouuseacellphone,useawiredheadsetorthephone’sspeaker.4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Becarefulwhenusingcellphones.B.Don’tholdyourcellphoneagainstyourear.C.RatsexposedtoradiationhavedamagedDNAintheirbrains.D.Low-energyradiationcoulddamagecellsthatcouldleadtocancer.B体裁议论文题材禽流感的防治词数373　　Tiredness,coughing,arunnynoseandasorethroat—amongallsicknessesthereisprobablynonemorecommonthantheflu,whichweallgetnowandthen.However,birdfluisacompletelydifferentstory.Tenyearsago,theH5N1birdflusweptacross15countries,includingChina,withsufferersreportingchestpain,difficultybreathing,feverandseverecoughing.Morethan600peoplewereinfected,andabout60percentdied.NowanothertypeofbirdfluhitShanghaiandthreeneighboringprovinces,andthistimethevirusiscalledH7N9.BytheafternoonofApril11,thenewvirushadtakenninelivesoutof35infected,accordingtoXinhuaNewsAgency.-7-\nThe“H”and“N”inthevirus’namereferstotwokindsofproteinsonthesurfaceofthevirus.Anychangeofthenumbersofthetwoproteinsindicatesanewmutation(变异).Mostofthemutationsonlyaffectbirds,suchaschickensandpigeons,anddon’tnormallyspreadtohumans.Butoncetheydo,theresultscanbedisastrous.“Anytimeananimalinfluenzaviruscrossestohumans,itisacauseforconcern,”MalikPeiris,virologist(病毒学家)attheUniversityofHongKong,toldNaturemagazine.TaketheSARSepidemic(传染病)10yearsagoasanexample.Thevirusbehindthediseaseisthoughttohavejumpedtohumansfromanimals.Theviruswasacomplete“stranger”tohumanbodies,whichhadn’tdevelopedanimmunityagainstit.ButthereissomethingmoreaboutthenewH7N9birdflu.UnliketheH5N1birdflu,whichcausesseveresicknessinbirds,theH7N9hasbeenevolvingundertheradar(悄悄地)sinceittravelsbetweenbirdswithoutcausingnoticeableillness.Thatmakesitdifficulttokeeptrackofthedisease.Thegoodnewsisthatthere’ssofarnosignthatthevirusisspreadingfrompersontoperson.Butsincethereisnovaccineforthediseaseyet,theWorldHealthOrganizationrecommendsthatyouwashyourhandsaftermeetingwithsickpeopleandbeforeandafteryoueatorpreparefood,andtheyalsosuggestavoidingcontactwithbirdsortheireggs.5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.TheH5N1birdfluturnedouttohavesomethingtodowiththeSARSepidemic.B.Morethan600peopleacrosstheworlddiedfromtheH5N1birdflutenyearsago.C.Mostofthemutationsoftheproteinsinthebirdfluvirusareharmfultobothbirdsandhumans.D.Thename,H7N9birdflu,showsthattherehavebeennewmutationsoftheproteinsinthevirus.6.WiththeexampleoftheSARSepidemicinParagraph5,theauthorintendsto　　　.A.introducewheretheSARSviruscamefromB.informusoftheharmfuleffectsoftheSARSepidemictenyearsagoC.showthehorribleeffectsananimalinfluenzaviruscanhaveonceitspreadstohumansD.comparethedifferencesbetweentheSARSepidemicandtheH7N9birdflu7.WhatmakestheH7N9birdflumorefrighteningthantheH5N1birdfluaccordingtothetext?A.Itcancauseseveresicknessinbirds.-7-\nB.Itcanspreadfrompersontoperson.C.Itaffectsagreaternumberofbirds.D.Itdoesn’tsickenbirdsandthuscanspreadunnoticed.8.WhatarepeopleadvisedtodotoprotectthemselvesagainsttheH7N9birdflu?a.Togetvaccinatedforthedisease.b.Tokeepawayfrombirdsandtheireggs.c.Tostopeatingchickensandducks.d.Toavoidmeetingwithsickpeople.e.Towashhandsthoroughlyandregularly.A.a,b　　　B.c,d　　　C.b,e　　　D.a,eC体裁记叙文题材第一次欧洲旅行词数326　　AsaboygrowingupinIndia,Ihadlongedtotravelabroad.IusedtolistentothestoriesmyfatherwouldtellmeabouthisstayinCanadaandtourstoEuropeinthe1970s,withgreatinterest.Mybigmomentfinallycameinthesummerof1998whenIwasabletoaccompanymyparentstoEurope,wheremyfatherwastoattendameeting.WeplannedtotraveltoBelgium,NetherlandsandWestGermany.IhavevividmemorieseventodayofgoingtoMumbaiairportatnightallexcitedaboutfinallygoingabroad.IhadheardseveralgreatthingsaboutLufthansatillthenbutnowIfinallygottoexperiencethemfirsthand,duringtheflighttoFrankfurt.WeflewbusinessclassandeventodayIcanremembertheexcellentservicebytheLufthansacrew.Theflightwasreallysmoothandthoroughlyenjoyable,evenforsomeonelikeme,whoisotherwisescaredofflying.AfterspendingalmosttwoweeksinEurope,wetooktheLufthansaairportexpressfromDusseldorftoFrankfurtairport,forourreturnflight.Whatajourneythatwas!AllalongtheRhine(莱茵河),itwassimplyanunforgettableexperience.IwasinasombremoodontheflightbacktoMumbaiasitmarkedtheendofawonderfulvacation,buttheLufthansacrewmemberswereabletochangeitintoamostenjoyableexperienceyetagain,withthequalityoftheirservice.Beingthefirstairlinetotakemeoverseas,Lufthansawillalwaysholdaspecialplaceinmyheart.Eventoday,IcontinuetoenjoyflightsonLufthansaandsimplycannotdreamofchoosing-7-\nanyotherairline.Flying,ingeneral,forme,hasalwaysbeenanordeal(terribleandpainfulexperience).FlyingonLufthansa,however,issomethingIalwayshaveandalwayswilllookforwardto.9.Whichcountrydoestheauthorliveinnow?A.India.B.Canada.C.Belgium.D.Germany.10.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheauthor’striptoEuropein1998?A.Theauthortraveledwithoneofhisparents.B.Boththeirgoingandreturnarebyair.C.Theytraveledinspringthatyear.D.TheystayedinEuropefornearlytwomonths.11.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatLufthansais　　　.A.acityinIndiaB.acityinEuropeC.anairlinecompanyD.atravelagency12.Theunderlinedword“sombre”inthe4thparagraphprobablymeans“　　　”.A.happyB.sadC.angryD.enjoyable【拓展训练】1.阅读C篇文章,写出下列单词的含义。(1)thoroughlyadv.　　　　(2)somberadj.(3)longtodo2.阅读C篇文章,回答下列问题。Whatmadetheauthorsointerestedintravelingabroad?-7-\n答案解析A　　【文章大意】使用手机会带来辐射的负影响,因此需要正确使用手机。1.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段“Buttheaveragemasksanincreaseinbraincancerinthe20-to-29agegroupandadropfortheolderpopulation.”可知脑癌主要发生在20多岁的人群中,故选C项。2.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第六段的“Radiationthatpenetratesonlyfivecentimetersintothebrainofanadultwillreachmuchdeeperintothebrainsofchildrenbecausetheirskullsarethinnerandtheirbrainscontainmoreabsorptivefluid.”可知,小孩更容易受辐射的影响是因为他们的头骨更薄,大脑更容易受伤,故选D项。3.【解析】选B。推理判断题。最后一段讲述的都是一些正确使用手机以防止辐射影响的方法,由此判断选B项。4.【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍使用手机的负面作用,最后警示人们要正确使用手机。因此A项更能说明全文的主旨,而其他三项只是文中的细节,故选A项。B　　【文章大意】新一波禽流感疫情来袭,你该如何应对?5.【解析】选D。细节理解题。A项文中没有提及,B项提到的600多人是感染theH5N1birdflu的人数,死亡人数为这一人数的60%,也就是不到400人;由第四段的“Mostofthemutationsonlyaffectbirds,suchaschickensandpigeons,anddon’tnormallyspreadtohumans.”可以推知C项不对;由第四段的“Anychangeofthenumbersofthetwoproteinsindicatesanewmutation.”可推知D项正确。6.【解析】选C。推理判断题。这里列举SARS的例子是为了说明本段首句谈到的“Anytimeananimalinfluenzaviruscrossestohumans,itisacauseforconcern”,而本段又是进一步说明上一段最后一句话“Butoncetheydo,theresultscanbedisastrous.”,所以C项为正确答案。7.【解析】选D。细节理解题。由倒数第二段可知,H7N9禽流感与H5N1禽流感不同的是它不会在禽类间导致明显的疫情,这使得它的传播不容易被及时发现,故答案为D。8.【解析】选C。细节理解题。由最后一段可知,专家建议人们勤洗手,尽量避免接触禽类以及禽类下的蛋,所以C项为正确答案。最后一段提到了现在还没有针对H7N9禽流感的疫苗,故a不对。c,d文中没有提及。C-7-\n　　【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者给我们讲述了他第一次去欧洲的难忘旅行。9.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段首句以及最后一段“Beingthefirstairlinetotakemeoverseas”可分析,作者生活的国度是印度(India)。10.【解析】选B。细节理解题。A项错在与事实“和父母双亲一起去的”不符;C项错在与事实“他们是在夏季去的”不符;D项错在与事实“在欧洲待了两个星期”不符。B项与文章吻合。11.【解析】选C。推理判断题。通过后三段内容不难看出,此为一家航空公司的名称(德国汉莎航空公司)。12.【解析】选B。词义猜测题。想到愉快的旅行就要结束,其心情自然不好,故选B项。根据后半句“但德国汉莎航空公司却以其高质量的服务使得‘我’这一返程旅行转变为amostenjoyableexperience”也可推知。【拓展训练】1.答案：(1)彻底地(2)阴沉的;忧郁的(3)渴望做某事2.答案：Hisfather’sstoriesabouthistravelingexperiences.-7-