首页

【高考复习指导】2022届高考英语二轮复习 书面表达课堂训练

资源预览文档简介为自动调取,内容显示的完整度及准确度或有误差,请您下载后查看完整的文档内容。

1/19

2/19

剩余17页未读,查看更多内容需下载

书面表达1.江苏高考考纲解读和近几年考点分布(1)《英语考试大纲》对学生的书面表达能力作了明确的规定:“要求考生根据所给情景,用英语写一篇150个单词左右的短文。情景包括目的、对象、时间、地点、内容等;提供情景的形式有图画、图表、提纲等。”高中英语课程标准也对写作规定了必须要达到的要求:①能通过文字及图表提供的信息进行简单描述。②能写出常见体裁的应用文,如信函和一般通知等。③能描述人物或事件并进行简单的评论。④能填写有关个人情况的表格,如申请表等。⑤能以小组形式根据课文改编短剧。(2)书面表达是考查考生用英语表达自己思想的能力,即运用所学的英语知识及合乎英语习惯的表达方式来传递信息,进行思想交流的能力。这将要求考生根据所给的情景和要求,在限定时间内(一般25分钟)写出150个单词左右的书面材料。因此考生要做到:审题正确、要点全面,能够运用所学的语法结构、词汇知识,使上下文连贯,同时语言要准确、得当,条理清楚,书写规范。所以,具有良好的书面表达能力是非常必要的,它也进一步突出了对考生创新能力的考查。①命题形式多样化。虽然每年的书面表达都属于提高性写作,但其越来越重视创造情景,由单纯的汉语提示转向以图表为主、汉语提示为辅。考生必须首先理解图表的含义,然后才能开始组句成文。②体裁呈现多样化。书面表达的体裁为应用文(书信、通知、便条等)、记叙文(图表作文、日记等)和说明文(人物介绍、活动介绍等)。③试题突出了交际性、实用性。书面表达的内容主要取材于校园、家庭生活和一般外事活动,符合高中学生的年龄特点和生活背景,基本都是考生已经熟悉的或将来有可能经历的事情,情景真实可信。所提出的要求符合考生的实际英语水平,具有可写性,能够充分展示学生的书面表达能力。④改革力度逐年增大。高考英语书面表达(全国卷)的命题方式和题型相对稳定,与单独命制的试题相比,全国卷改革的力度较小,命题思想相对稳定。而单独命制的试题则敢于创新,勇于求变。如北京卷增设“开放作文”题型;上海卷也呈现灵活性较强的特点。随着更多的省市自行命题,书面表达的题型也将稳中有变。⑤内容更突出时代特色。近几年的话题十分贴近现代生活,因此内容贴近考生的学习和生活将成为今后命题的方向。(3)《2022年江苏高考说明》中对书面表达命题的变化:2022年考试说明,在《2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏卷)说明》的基础上,进行了适当修订,并替换了部分典型题示例。书面表达示例部分多了读写任务作文,这一作文类型将阅读与写作有机地结合,通过阅读所给材料的有关信息,进而对比信息进行加工,并结合平时积累的相关信息知识,按照任务要求谋篇布局,完成指定的写作任务。这是个难度颇大的作文类型。-19-\n2.江苏历年高考命题特点从2022年起,江苏高考英语独立命题。几年来,高考的书面表达已逐渐进入成熟阶段,其主要特点有:(1)体裁以记叙文和论述文为主。文章一般要求是半开放性的,既让考生按照命题者的立意去完成规定内容,又给考生以自由发挥的空间。(2)形式一般以条文式为主,少量为看图说话。大部分考题还给出了要点提示,用以指导考生顺利完成写作任务,但要求考生不能逐句翻译,应保持文体的正确结构。(3)主题往往与考生的学习、生活有关,题材的时代感很强,如同学在生活中发生冲突、简单介绍考生自己的英语学习情况、使用鼠标的利和弊等。3.2022年江苏高考英语书面表达特点(1)近几年的江苏高考书面表达从体裁看以应用文为主,但2022年的书面表达为概括写作题,是考试说明中刚提出的新题型,当年即考,实属罕见。(2)往年的高考话题比较回避热点问题,常考查常规话题,并贴近学生生活,但2022年的书面表达话题为跨文化话题——讨论“英文词汇收录”问题。尽管从当前的文化大背景而言,英语对汉语的冲击与影响确实很大,但此话题与学生的日常生活和社会生活有一定关系,但离高中生的认知能力有一定的距离,而且它对学生对两种文化的语言了解提出了要求,学生在短暂的时间内要写出有力度的,能拿到高分的跨文化书面表达难度较大。(3)另外,该书面表达也考核了学生对语言的阅读理解与概括能力,这无疑对他们的语言功底提出了巨大的挑战。学生要在有限的时间内做到立意明确、用词准确、观点鲜明(对所给话题的褒贬)、结构正确实属不易。此次江苏卷书面表达给我们的提示是:学生在日常的学习中阅读面要广,多涉猎不同领域的话题,并善于思考,积累知识夯实基础,提升自己语言的输入与输出能力,只有这样才能以不变应万变。-19-\n策略1 注意文章的条理性条理性指的是合理布局文章结构。首先,在文章思路、组织材料、叙述顺序等方面要有一定的条理性。其次,根据需要,安排好段落,各段之间要层次分明,也要重视每一段的开头和结尾,开头语往往是总起句,结尾语往往是总结句。策略2 注意文章的准确性准确性指要求写出语法正确的句子,包括时态、语态、用词和句法等,要准确、地道地表达。必须要牢牢掌握一些常用句型或习惯表达,避免中式英语,在实践中不断总结中英在用法上的差异,养成用英语思维写作的习惯。策略3 注意文章的流畅性流畅性指根据整篇文章思想的需要,有效采用不同的连接手段,使文章层次清楚、行文连贯。以下是书面表达常见的过渡语:(1)并列递进:and;andthen;also;aswellas;besides;what'smore;furthermore;moreover;first;firstly;second;secondly;further;still;last;next;finally;tobeginwith;tostartwith;equallyimportant;inaddition;lastbutnottheleast;again(2)列举:forexample;forinstance;thatistosay;namely;toillustrate;afterall;first,second,third...;firstly,secondly,thirdly...;first,next,then...;inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace...;foronething,foranotherthing...;tobeginwith;toconclude(3)解释:asamatteroffact;franklyspeaking;inotherwords;infact;inthiscase(4)总结:inall;infact;inbrief;onthewhole;inshort;ingeneral;inoneword;finally;atlast;inconclusion;asIhaveshown;inotherwords;ashasbeenstated;insummary;toconclude;indeed;thus;altogether;inparticular;tosummarize;ashasbeensaid;inaword;tosumup(5)时间顺序:when;while;as;after;before;since;until;assoonas;once;now;then;afterwards;earlier;later;immediately;soon;next;inafewdays;gradually;suddenly;finally(6)空间顺序:near(to);far(from);infrontof;behind;beside;beyond;above;below;totherightleft;around;outside(7)比较词:inthesameway;justlike;justas(8)对照:but;still;yet;however;onthecontrary;inspiteof;eventhough;incontrast;bycontrast;incomparison;bycomparison;ontheonehand...ontheotherhand;or;otherwise;like;unlike;while;insteadof(9)原因:because;since;as;nowthat;becauseof;thanksto;dueto;owingto;for;forthisreason(10)结果:so;therefore;thus;hence;accordingly;consequently;asaresult(11)目的:forthisreason;forthispurpose;sothat;that;inorderthat;lest;forfearthat(12)强调:infact;indeed;surely;necessarily;certainly;withoutanydoubt;truly;torepeat;aboveall;mostimportant(13)解释说明:forexample;infact;inthiscase(14)让步和转折:however;nevertheless;nonetheless;still;though;yet;inspiteof;atanyrate;inanycase;whoever;whatever;but;although;afterall(15)补充:also;further;furthermore;likewise;similarly;moreover;inaddition;what'smore;too;either;neither;not...but...;notonly...butalso...;besides(16)条件:if;suppose(that);supposing(that);unless;incase;so(as)longas;sofaras;on-19-\ncondition(that);provided(that);providing(that)策略4 注意文章的简洁性和多样性简洁性就是语言简洁,不重复。多样性就是能随情景内容的变化写出句式多样的语句。这也是新课程标准对写作的评价标准。策略5 注意文章的思想性《英语课程标准》对写作的要求,增加了情感因素,在准确流畅表达写作要点的同时,适当增加句子的感情色彩,增加一些人情味,使文章读起来更亲切,完全达到与读者进行交流的目的。策略6 注意文章的美观性美观性指的是卷面书写规范、清楚、干净、整洁;就内容而言,应该有一些写作佳句,以下是考生可以套用、仿写的一些句型:(1)Wefirmlysubscribetothebeliefthat...=Wefirmlybelievethat...(2)I'mreadingthebookinthehopethat...=I'mreadingthebookhoping...(3)Thebare/sadtruthisthat...(4)Whatdevelopingcountriesreallyneedtodois(to)stoppovertybyfightingthecausesofit.(5)Anotherimportantthingtorememberisthat...(6)Anotherreasonthatmanmakesgreatnursesisthat...(7)Chancesarethat...=It'spossiblethat...(8)Similarly,manyordinaryjobsmaylookdull,buttheyareasessentialaswatertooursociety.(9)It'suptoallofusroaduserstomakesurethatweavoidaccidentsbypayingattentiontoroadsafety.(10)It'sbettertofaceadifficultproblemratherthanignoreit.(11)Onlywhenyouhavegraspedtheruleswillyoufinditeasytolearn...Onlybyworkinghardcanyouachievesuccess.(12)Westillhavealongwaytogotosolvealltheproblemsconcerning...(13)Wehavenoproblem/difficultydoing...=Wehavenoproblem/difficultywithsth.(14)Wefinddoing...tobechallengingbutrewarding.(15)Itaimstocreateaplatformforthosepeopletosharetheirthoughtsandideas.(16)Parentsputalotofpressureontheirchildrentodowellatschool.(17)Peoplearemakingadaptationstotheirlivestotrytocauselessdamagetotheenvironment.(18)Exercisecanmakeabigdifferencetoyourstateofhealth.(19)Ithinkhardworkisfundamentaltosuccess.(20)Theconferenceacceleratedthepaceofeducationalreforms.(21)Thequestionofwhether...iseasytoanswer.一、漫画题(2022·江苏卷)请根据你对下面两幅图的理解,以ActionsSpeakLouderthanWords为题,用英语写一篇短文。-19-\n图1  图2你的短文应包括以下内容:1.简要描述两幅图的内容。2.概述你对这两幅图中不同做法的理解。3.举例说明这两幅图给你的启示。注意:1.可参照图片适当发挥。2.词数150左右。3.短文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息,如校名、人名等。参考词汇:横幅banner 树桩stump【名师点拨】这是一篇看图写作题,是高考英语写作中对考生来说相对较难的一种形式。它主要考查考生综合运用语言的能力,要求考生通过观察和分析单幅或一组画,把图画内容转化成文字信息。但是,它并不是要求考生按照试题里的“提示”进行逐句翻译,而是要求考生在充分领会“提示”的前提下,用自己的语言写成一篇内容充实、语言正确、句子连贯、用词贴切的作文。本文写作中的信息要点是:第一段:描述图画,即描述这两幅图的内容;第二段:揭示画旨,即概述你对这两幅图中不同做法的理解;第三段:发表启示,即举例说明这两幅图给你的启示。【范文】ActionsSpeakLouderthanWordsPeoplecelebrateEarthDaydifferently.InPicture1amanistryingtoputupabanneronalonelytreesurroundedbystumps,butinvain,whilePicture2showsacouplearehappilyplantingtrees.Themessageconveyedhereisclear:“Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.”Ourearthissufferingseveredamage.Shouldwejustpaylipserviceortakepracticalmeasurestoprotectit?Theanswerisdefinitelythelatter.Immediateactionsshouldbetakenlikestoppingcuttingdowntrees,tobettertheenvironment.-19-\nActionsareimportantinotherfields,too.Insteadofshoutingemptyslogans,itismoremeaningfultodonatebooksandsportsgoodstochildreninneed.Weshouldstrictlyandvoluntarilyfollowtrafficrules,stoppingattheredlightratherthancomplainingabouttrafficjams.Onlywhenwematchourwordswithactionscanwemakeadifferenceinwhateverwehopetoaccomplish.【考点突破】漫画题是《考试说明》中新增的书面表达示例。与材料性作文相比,它对学生的逻辑思维能力要求更高。它首先要求学生有敏锐的观察、理解、联想能力,以实现从图画信息到材料信息的转化。在此过程中学生应在识图的同时展开联想,在联想中体会图意,在体会中把握主题。要想准确把握主题,必须确保联想严格依据图画,切实领会要求,正确把握文体,以求主题明确、图文一致。但须知图画题写作大都属于陈述、说明文体,无须修辞、抒情等表述。审图确定后就应从图中提炼出所要表达的要点材料。要点应服务于主题,提炼要点的过程也是构思成文的过程。要点应精准、有效,做到心中有数,不疏不漏,做到有的放矢,不可漫无边际,偏离画面内容。以下是写该类文章时可以套用的一些模式:1.解决问题型(1)描述图画所呈现的问题:Aswecanseefromthepicture,itshowsussomeproblems________(问题的现状),whicharebecomingmoreandmoreserious.(2)分析图画,剖析问题:Obviously,thepicturedescribesacommonproblem,whichexistsinmanyaspects.Foronething,________(存在问题方面一);foranother,________(存在问题方面二).(3)陈述个人看法:Inmypersonalopinion,thisproblemcallsfortheattentionofthewholesociety.Ononehand,relevantandeffectivelawsshouldbepassedto________(解决方法一);ontheotherhand,weshouldraisepeople'sawarenessof________(解决方法二).Meanwhile,weshouldalways________(个人做法).2.分析现象型(1)描述图画所呈现的现象:Thisisapicturewhichdescribesvividlyakindofcommonphenomenonthat________(某种现象),whichcanbefoundeverywhere,andshouldarouseourattention.(2)分析该类现象产生的原因:Itiswellknownthat________(分析该类现象).Whatarethereasonsforthephenomenon?Foronething,________(原因一);foranother,________(原因二).(3)陈述个人看法:Consideringtheseriousnessof________(该类现象),itishightimethatwetookmoreeffectivemeasurestosolveit.Firstly,________(解决方法一);secondly,________(解决方法二).Onlyinthiswaycanwe________(达到的目的).Ifwecan________(个人做法),________(该类现象消失或问题解决)sooninthefuture.3.阐明主题型(1)描述图画所呈现的主题:Asisvividlydescribedinthepictureabove,________(某个主题),whichhasarousedaheateddiscussionandcallsforoursocialconcern.(2)分析该主题:Asamatteroffact,thepicturereflectsacommonpractice,whichexistsinmanyplaces.Tobeginwith,________(产生背景一);inaddition,________(产生背景二).-19-\n(3)陈述个人看法:Asforme,Iholdtheviewthatwehavetheresponsibilitytosolvethisproblem.Firstofall,wemusttakearightattitudetowards________(看法一).What'smore,________(看法二).Onlyinthiswaycanwe________(达到的目标).二、要点提示题(2022·江苏卷)生活中冲突时有发生。假设你班同学苏华和李江打篮球时发生争执,导致关系紧张。请你结合此事,并根据以下提示,用英语写一篇短文,向学校英文报HappyTeens法治专栏投稿。简要描述事情的经过打篮球、碰撞、争执……分析发生冲突的原因    ●遇事不够冷静●……谈谈避免冲突的做法请考生根据自己的经历或感想,提出至少两种做法  注意:1.对所有要点逐一陈述,适当发挥,不要简单翻译。2.词数:150左右。开头已经写好,不计入总词数。3.作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息,如校名、人名等。Conflictswithothersarecommonineverydaylife.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【名师点拨】该书面表达题是以表格的形式呈现的,旨在要求考生具有分析表格的能力,并通过表格所提供的相关信息来分析问题。表格类书面表达在文体上具有多样性的特点,可以是任意体裁。因此,我们应在确定好体裁后,再对材料进行分析。本文写作中的信息要点是:简要介绍事情的经过;发生冲突的原因;避免冲突的措施。【范文】Conflicts_with_others_are_common_in_everyday_life.Duringthebasketballgameyesterdayafternoon,SuHuaandLiJiangbumpedintoeachother,tryingtocatchtheball.Thentheystartedshoutingandyelling,anditturnedintoahorriblequarrel.Tobehonest,itwasSu'sfaultbutLiwasalsotoblame—theywerenotcalmenoughandbothsaidsomereallymeanthings.Theycaredtoomuchaboutwinningandlosing.Asamatteroffact,blocking,pushingandbumpingarejustpartofatoughgame.Toavoidsuchconflicts,weshouldbekindtooneanother,whichisessentialtoenjoyaharmoniouslife.Itisalsoavirtuetoforgiveandforget,especiallyinsuchacompetitiveandstressfulsociety.Insteadofblamingeachother,weshouldcommunicatemoreandputourselvesinothers'place.Don'tbeself-centredandtrytobeconsiderate.Wemustlearntohandleconflictscalmlyandwisely.【考点突破】以要点形式对考查内容加以呈现,是近几年江苏高考英语写作常见的考查方式,采用材料加个人观点的半开放式表达形式;在写作该类文章时,考生需仔细审题,确定并紧扣要点,切忌天马行空,无限发挥;考生需根据提纲所提供材料的要点,精心组织归纳,依照材料内在的逻辑顺序,精选动词,使其要点句子化,同时恰当使用连接性词语,-19-\n从而做到文章自然流畅,衔接紧凑;同时合理使用并列句、复合句、强调句、倒装句等句式,为文章增光添彩。以下是写该类文章时可以套用的一些模式:1.阐述主题型(1)导入议论话题:________(某个论点)hasbecomeahottopicamongpeople,especiallyamongtheyoung.Recentlyaheateddiscussiononthetopicwasheldinourclass,fromwhichwecanlearnalot.(2)分析并举例说明使论述言之有理:Firstofall,________(理由一).Forexample,________(举例说明).What'smore,________(理由二).Anothercaseisthat________(举例说明).Furthermore,__________(理由三).(3)阐明个人观点:AsfarasI'mconcerned,weshouldpayattentiontoeverysmallbitto________(达到目标).Atthesametime,________.What'smore,________.Inconclusion,________(个人看法).2.解决方法型(1)问题现状:Inrecentdays,wehavetofacesuchaproblem________,whichisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.Inthefirstplace,________(说明问题的现状).What'smore,________(举例进一步说明现状).(2)怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点):Confrontedwiththeproblem,weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasurestocopewiththesituation.Foronething,________(解决方法一).Foranother________(解决方法二).Finally,________(解决方法三).(3)陈述个人看法:Frommypointofview,Ibelievethat________(我的解决方法).Consequently,I'mconfidentthatabrightfutureisawaitingusbecause________(带来的好处).3.正反观点对比型(1)导入主题:Thereisawidespreadconcernovertheissuethat________(某个主题).Butitiswellknownthattheopinionconcerningthishottopicvariesfrompersontoperson.(2)正方观点:Amajorityofpeopleapproveoftheopinionthat________(正方观点).Fromtheirpointofviewtherearetwofactorscontributingtothisattitudeasfollows:inthefirstplace,________(原因一).Furthermore,________(原因二).(3)反方观点:Onthecontrary,somepeopledifferintheiropinionsonthismatter.Theyholdtheviewthat________(反方观点).Ontheonehand,________(原因一).Ontheotherhand,________(原因二).(4)阐明个人看法:AsfarasIamconcerned,Ithinkweshouldtakeimmediatemeasuresto________.Firstofall,________.Inaddition,________(个人观点).三、图表题自1978年以来,我国海外留学生回国人数逐年上升。请在ShanghaiDaily上发表一篇文章,根据图表叙述海外人员归国情况,分析回国原因,并希望更多的海外学者回国创业。-19-\n要求:1.可根据内容要点适当增加细节,使行文连贯。2.词数:150左右。开头已为你写好,不计入总词数。参考词汇:制定政策workoutpolicies 海归人员returneeTherehasbeenareversalofthebraindrainsince1978acrossthecountry.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【范文】There_has_been_a_reversal_of_the_brain_drain_since_1978_across_the_country.Between1978and2022,about7,000overseasChinesereturnedtoShanghaiaftercompletingtheirstudiesabroad.Theyaccountedforabout25%ofallreturneesnationwide.Theyear2022haswitnessedaboom.Thenumberofreturneescameupto15,000.Bytheendof2022,afurther32,000willhavereturnedtothiscity.Thereversalofthebraindrainmainlyarisesfromthreefacts.Firstly,ourgovernmentvaluesoverseasChinesescholarshighly,encouragesthemtoreturnhometostarttheirowncareersandhasworkedoutaseriesofpreferentialpolicies.InShanghai,thefamousinternationalcity,theycanenjoyamodernlifestyle.Secondly,China'seconomyhasbeendevelopingatahighspeed,whichprovidesthemwithavastspaceofdevelopment.Manyreturneeshaveachievedoutstandingsuccessinscientificresearchorinhigh-levelmanagement.Theyareplayingamoreandmoreimportantrole.Thirdly,thecurrentglobalfinancialcrisisleavesmanyoverseasoutofworkorattheedgeofbeinglaidoff.Theyfeelmoresecureathomebecausetheeconomyismorestable.IhopethatmoreoverseasChinesecanheadhome.Thereisabrightfutureaheadofthem.【考点突破】高考图表题要求考生根据所给的图表信息进行分析,阅读其中的文字和说明,弄清各种信息之间的关系,提炼其要点,进而将其转化为表意的说明文字。在组织语言进行写作时,首先思考主题,将文字说明材料和图表有机地结合起来,按照写作主旨要求组织层次清楚、合乎逻辑、前后连贯的文章。在分析图表时切不可凭空想象,要善于抓住总的规律和趋势,根据图表中所揭示的信息,分析其原因并就其存在的问题提出解决方法或建议。如果材料要求阐述作者个人观点,考生则需在最后加入自己的观点。-19-\n而曲线图常表示事物的变化趋势,考生应认真观察坐标系所显示的数据信息,并且密切注意交汇在坐标横轴和纵轴上的数字及单位。认真观察坐标系信息,抓住曲线图变化趋势,结合提供的时间和数据参照寻求切入点;根据曲线图的变化过程,尽可能利用所给的文字信息进行分类、比较、总结;写作过程中不必要将图中全部数据信息加以描述,只需将典型内容加以分析。同时,注意根据有无时间参照确定整篇文章时态,文章时态方面除特定的时间用过去时外,常用一般现在时,来对某些客观情况加以描述。以下是写该类文章时可以套用的一些模式:1.曲线图表类(1)分析曲线图表中的数据变化反映出的问题或趋势,简要概述图表所揭示的信息:Fromthelinegraphabove,itcanbeconcludedthattherehasbeenaslight/sharp/steadyincrease/fallfromAin________(时间一)toBin________(时间二).Thefigures,presentedinthegraph,describethegeneraltrendin________(某方面).Comparedwith/to...,Bis+倍数+as+形容词+asthatofA.(2)分析原因:Thereareseveralreasonsthataccountforit,whichshouldarousetheattentionofthewholesociety.Inthefirstplace,________(原因一);what'smore,________(原因二);lastbutnotleast,________(原因三).(3)提出解决问题的办法或建议:Asamatteroffact,it'sclearfromthegraphthatitiseveryone'sdutyto________(建议一).Allofusshouldtryourbestto________(建议二).Atthesametime,________(建议三).Onlyinthiswaycanwe________(达到的目标).2.饼形图表类(1)开门见山地点明饼形图表所反映的主题:Afterconsideringtheinformationinthepiechart,wemayconcludethat________(某个主题),whichshowsthegreatchangesinthepercentageof________(某方面)overtheperiodfromAtoB.(2)分析数据间的主要差异或趋势,并就该现象阐述其理由:Asisillustratedbythefiguresinthepiechart,...%ofthepeoplewouldliketodoAwhile...%ofthepeopleintendtodoB;comparedto/withC,Damountsto...%in________(某方面).Thereareseveralreasonsaccountingforit.Ononehand,________(理由一);ontheotherhand,________(理由二);inaddition,________(理由三).(3)归纳总结或发表建议:Inaword,thereisnodoubtthat________(某种趋势).Inorderto________(达到某目的),wearesupposedto________(建议一).Moreover________(建议二).Onlyinthiswaycanwe________(达到的目标).3.柱状图表类(1)描述图表,得出结论:Asisshowninthebarchart,about...percentofthepeopledoA;comparedwithB,thenumberofthepeopleofdoingCaccountsfor...%;atthesametime,thepeoplewhodoDmakeup...percent.Fromthedatagiveninthebarchart,itcanbeinferredthat________(某个结论).(2)紧扣主题,根据图表比较分析原因,论证结论:________(某现象)mainlyarisesfromthefollowingfacts.Foronething,________(原因一);foranother,________(原因二);furthermore,________(原因三).(3)发表议论,提出自己的看法:Onthewhole,itisapparentfromthebarchartthat________(某种趋势),sowecandrawtheconclusionthat________(某结论).Onthisbasis,________(目标一).Moreover,________(目标二).四、开放性作文-19-\n(2022·浙江卷)请以OneThingI'mProudof为题,用英语写一篇100~120词的短文,记述一件你自己认为得意的事情。要求如下:1.记述事情经过。2.简要说明你感到得意的原因或从中得到的启示。注意:文章的标题已给出,不计入总词数。【范文】OneThingI'mProudofIstillrememberhowIbecameagoodtabletennisplayer.ThefirstdayIwenttohighschool,Isawsomeofmyclassmatesplayingtabletennis.Amazedathowskilfultheywere,Iwasdeterminedtobejustasgood.Lateron,Ioftenwatchedthemcarefullytolearntheirtechniques.ThenIkeptpractisinguntilIbecameconfidentenoughtochallengethegoodplayers.AttheendofthetermIbecameoneofthebestplayersinmyclass.Iamreallyproudofthisexperience,becauseithelpsmerealizethatweallcanfulfillourpotentialandachieveourgoalsthroughhardwork.Italsohelpsmebetterunderstandtheproverb“Practicemakesperfect.”【考点突破】开放性作文所给提示比较简单,要求学生根据提供的情景写一段文字。学生需要充分发挥自己的想象力和创造力,自己拓宽主题,组织篇章结构。这既能体现出学生活跃的思维,又能表现出学生的逻辑思维能力和灵活运用英语的能力。以下是写该类文章时可以套用的一些模式:描述事件发生的时间、地点:Thisstoryhappenedin________(地点)on/in________(时间);Oneday/Onceuponatime/Theotherday/Itwasin________(地点或时间)thatthestoryhappened举例说明:Forexample/instance________suchasA,B,Candsoon;Aparticularexampleforthisis...说明故事主体:Thisstoryisnotrare.../Thestorystillhasarealisticsignificance.提出假设的方法:Supposethat.../Itisnotsurprisingthat...描述人的情感:be/feelhappy/delighted/satisfied/sad/disappointed/...;toone'sdisappointment/joy/pleasure/delight/surprise/...;makesb.angry/sad/proud/pleased/happy/...五、任务型写作题(2022·江苏卷)请阅读下面短文,并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。Whenwereadnewspapers,weoftencomeacrosssuchEnglishwordsas“AIDS”and“PK”.WhenwewatchTV,wefrequentlyhearwordslike“NBA”or“PM2.5”.Whenwespeak,weautomaticallyusewordslike“OUT”or“Bye-bye”.Englishwordsandexpressionslikethesearegettingpopular.Theyhavealreadybecomepartofourdailylanguage.And239EnglishwordshavebeenincludedinthelatestDictionaryofContemporaryChinese.Theinclusionhasstartedaheateddiscussion.AgroupofscholarssignedaletterofcomplaintovertheinclusionoftheseEnglishwords,which,theythink,goesagainstChineselanguagepolicies.TheynotonlyworrythatChineseisborrowinganincreasingnumberofEnglishwordsbutarealsoconcernedthattheinclusionmayhurtthedignityoftheChineselanguage.However,othersareinfavouroftheinclusionbecauseitishardtosaywhetheritwillthreatentheChineselanguage.Theybelievetheselectionismostlyaresultoftheirfunctionanduseindailylife.【写作内容】1.用约30个单词写出上文概要。2.用约120个单词发表你的观点,内容包括:-19-\n(1)支持或反对汉语词典收录英语词汇。(2)用2~3个理由或论据支撑你的观点。【写作要求】1.可以支持文中任一观点,但必须提供理由或论据。2.阐述观点或提供论据时,不能直接引用原文语句。3.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。4.不必写标题。【评分标准】内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。【范文】支持:Today,moreandmoreEnglishwordsfindtheirwayintotheChineselanguage.EventheDictionaryofContemporaryChineseincludes239Englishwords.Somepeoplesupportitwhileothersdonot.Generally,Iaminfavouroftheinclusion.AsthenumberofEnglishlearnersisontherise,it'snotdifficultforthemtounderstandthesewordsinChinesecontexts.Besides,itis,onsomeoccasions,moreconvenienttouseEnglishwords.Mostpeoplenowadaysuse“IT”insteadofitstranslationxinxijishu.Inourglobalvillage,wecanseethatit'snotuncommonforonelanguagetoborrowwordsfromotherlanguages.InEnglish,therearemanywordsborrowedfromLatin,French,orevenChinese.Infact,Chinesehasneverstoppedtakingwordsfromotherlanguages,say,ganbuorminzhufromJapanese.So,it'ssafetoconcludethatitisreasonabletoincludeEnglishwhichfacilitatesdailycommunication.反对:WithEnglishwordsgettingpopularinbothmediaanddailylife,aChinesedictionaryhasincluded239ofthem,leavingthepublicdividedintotwoopposinggroups:“For”and“Against”.Itendtotakethe“Against”sidefortworeasons.Firstly,thisinclusionhasactuallypollutedourmothertongue.Soonerorlater,manyEnglishaccentswillriseandfallwiththefourChinesetones.And,rulesdon'ttellushowtopronouncesuchEnglish-turnedChinesewordsas“wifi”and“Out”inaChineseway!Secondly,suchaninclusionmaygiverisetoprejudicesoftheeducatedagainstthosewithlittleknowledgeofEnglish.Justforoneillustration,whilecollegestudentstake“Bye-bye”forgrantedwhenpartingfromeachother,itmayunconsciouslyhurtthefeelingsofsomeonewhoisusedtozaijian.Inshort,notonlyhastheinclusionpoisonedChinese,itmayalsobringaboutdistancebetweentheChinesepeople.【名师点拨】该篇书面表达是一篇议论文写作。2022年江苏英语高考首次采用新题型,这也是在2022年高考大纲中第一次出现。该篇书面表达要求考生首先用30个单词概括所给的文字,然后再给出自己的评判。不管考生是赞成还是反对哪一观点,都要提供足够的理由或者论据。首先,概括部分考查了学生的概括能力,学生在概括的时候要注意语言的精炼,要点要齐全。其次,阐述的理由或论据要简洁明了,层次分明。最后,对自己的观点要作出总结。【考点突破】本文属于任务型写作,要求简单描述短文内容并就短文内容发表个人的观点,属于议论文的范围,所以使用一般现在时和第三人称。本文讨论的话题是:很多英语单词进入中文词典。要求针对这个现象发表个人观点。要点:1.简述短文:很多英语单词进入中文词典。2.发表观点:支持者认为,随着学习英语的人越来越多,人们也能理解这些词的意-19-\n思,不影响阅读。而且这是文化融合的一种表现;反对者认为,这是一种文化污染,会影响这些词的纯正的发音等,同时对于那些英语不好的人来说还是一种偏见等。本文要特别注意思想的辩证性,看待问题要一分为二,不能绝对化。写作时要注意尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式,同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。【常规模版】第一段:概括文章要点,语言要精炼,概括要全面,行文连贯,表达准确。概括时常用的句式有:(一)说明文类适用“段意合并法”,常用模板:1.Thisarticledealswith/discusses/analyzes/stronglyemphasizestheimpactofsth.2.Thisarticlenotonlydescribes...butalsosuggests...3.Thisarticlecomparesthedisadvantages/benefitsof...andsummarizeskeyfindings...4.Thisarticlegivesanaccountof/providesananalysisof/providesamethodof...5.Thisarticleshows/tellsusthat...6.Theauthorfindsitnecessaryto.../Thepurposeofthereportistoshowthat...7.Theauthorholdstheideathat...,givingitanexampleofsb.who...8.Theauthorstronglyemphasizesthebenefitsofgettingupearlysuchas...9.Thisarticlepointsoutthecommonphenomenon(主题),which...(补充解释)(二)记叙文类适用“要素串联法”,常用模版:1.Thepassage/storyisaboutamisunderstandingbetweenastudentandateacher.2.Theauthortellsusastoryabouta________.3.Thepassageisastoryabout________.4.Accordingtothepassage,theherointhestory________.(三)议论文适用“主题概括法”,常用模版:1.Theessay/passage/authorhighlightstheimportanceofencouragementforstudents.2.Theessay/passage/authorarguesinsupportof...,statingthat...3.Theessay/passage/authoroutlinestheharmfuleffectsofsmoking.4.Thearticlegivestheviewthat...should/shouldn't...(主题)...(补充论据)5.Thepassagehighlightstheimportanceofsth.第二段:写完概括后,用恰当的过渡语引出下文;并根据要求进行分析或举例或说明自己的看法。①分析现象及原因:Thematerialreflectssuchaphenomenonthat...Therearesomereasonsaccountingforit./Whatthematerialreflectsisthat...Somefactorsleadtosuchaphenomenonasfollows.②举例说明:Thisiscommonin/among...Let'stake...forexample.③说明自己的观点:Inmyopinion/Frommypointofview,...第三段:根据要求或启示,提出看法或如何解决该问题,可以用套语配名言来点题。常用的结论性词语有:1.Inconclusion...2.Inshort...3.Inaword...4.Ingeneral...5.Allinall...6.Allthesethingsconsidered...7.Tosumup...8.Therefore...-19-\n15分和20多分的作文差距在哪里?15分的作文中规中矩,该对的都对,包括内容要点的完整,语法与词形的正确,但全都是很简单句子的一个堆砌,没有任何的亮点。而20多分的作文在句型词汇方面做了很好的包装,文中的句子如人穿的衣服,它已经不是普通校服,而是一些上等名牌,所以让人觉得很“拽”,而高考英语写作要的就是这种很“拽”的感觉。A.英语书面表达在评阅时遵循三原则:1.语言第一位(语言高级)。2.内容第二位(要点齐全)。3.结构第三位(文章分段)。B.英语书面表达要强化“高级”“复杂”两个概念:四项原则:1.词组优先原则:[原文]Anewrailwayisbeingbuiltinmyhometown.[修正]Anewrailwayisunderconstructioninmyhometown.2.地道原则:[原文]Throughtravelling,Ilearnedalotofknowledge.[修正]Throughtravelling,Igained/obtainedalotofknowledge.3.避免重复原则:[原文]Ilikereadingwhilemybrotherlikeswatchingtelevision.[修正]Ilikereadingwhilemybrotherenjoyswatchingtelevision.4.后高长原则——后学到、较高级、较长词汇:原词       替换词harddiligentlyveryrather/extremelypayattentiontoattachimportancetohappydelighted/enjoyablemoreandmoretheincreasingnumberofC.英语书面表达要强化“语法”“修辞”两个概念:四个“不如”:1.肯定不如双否好:修辞的使用在书面表达中算作很大的亮点,在高中阶段很少有学生会注重修辞的应用。双重否定也是种修辞,而且对于考生来说,只要稍加注意,便可在文章中设计双重否定的句子变为亮点句,起到强调作用。如:Thepostmancomesontimeeveryday.→Thepostmanneverfailstocomeontime.Hecamehereat5p.m.yesterday.→Hedidnotcomehereuntil5p.m.yesterday.IhavemadegreatprogressinEnglishwithhishelp.→Icouldn'thavemadesomuchprogressinEnglishwithouthishelp.2.陈述不如倒装妙:倒装是一种简单易行的使句子呈现亮点的方法。如:Onlywhenwerealizetheimportanceofenvironmentalprotectioncanwesolvetheproblemofpollution.Sopreciousistimethatwecan'taffordtowasteit.Diligentashewas,hefailedinpassingtheexam.Bynomeansshouldteenagersgetintothehabitofsmoking.-19-\n在高中阶段只需掌握倒装的四种形式,足以应对书面表达。如何应用倒装,有很多方法和技巧。具体的方法为:(1)否定词开头:Hedidn'tcomehereuntil5p.m.yesterday.→Notuntil/till5p.m.didhecomehereyesterday.→Itwasnotuntil/till5p.m.thathecamehereyesterday.Iwillnevermarryyou.→NeverwillImarryyou.I'veneverseensuchawonderfulfilmbefore.→NeverbeforehaveIseensuchawonderfulfilm.(2)地点状语开头:把地点状语放在句首,后面主谓倒装。这样做的好处之一是倒装本身就是高级结构,其次是倒装后把真正的主语放到了句子的末尾,后面还可以继续加从句,使整个句子呈现更多的亮点。Onthebankstandsomeflowers.Intheskyhanglittlestars.Inthecentreofourschoolliesourlibrary.Inthecentreofourschoolliesourlibrary,whichisbetweenthegardenandtheteachingbuilding.(3)Only+介词短语:OnlyinthiswaycanIimprovemyEnglish.Onlybytakingexercisescanwekeephealthy.Onlyinthiswaycanweachieveourgoal.(4)形容词+as+主语+be动词:YoungasIam,Icanmanageit.Richasourcountryis,wehavealotofproblems.Badlyinjuredashewas,hemanagedtotakedownthecar'snumber.3.主动不如被动巧:英语是一门客观的语言,而汉语是一门主观的语言,具体体现在:英语中经常用被动语态,汉语中经常用主动语态;英语中经常用事物或形式主语开头,强调一件事发生在什么人身上,而汉语中经常用人称开头,强调一个人发生了什么事。所以使用被动语态符合英语的习惯,如果能将整个文章中两个句子变成被动语态,就会呈现句型的变化,使整篇文章句型丰富。如在高考中,很多学生在表达“我们每次最多可以借五本书,可以借十天”时:试比较:Wecanborrowfivebooksatmost,andwecankeepthemfortendays.Atmostfivebookscanbeborrowedatatimeandtheycanbekeptfortendays.哪种表达法所得分数会更高?4.从句不如分词傲:几乎所有的状语从句都可以变成独立主格或分词结构。如何变成独立主格或分词结构呢?学会下面的口诀,如果你的作文中有状语从句,便可改为独立主格或分词结构,形成最大的亮点。口诀:一去(去连词),二看(看主语),三改(改分词)。如:Ifsuchisthecase,youshouldapologizetoher.第一步,去掉连词if;第二步,看前后两句话的主语,前后主语不一致,所以要改成独立主格;第三步,改分词,把is变成being。最后变成:Suchbeingthecase,youshouldapologizetoher.如果前后两句话主语一致,就变成分词结构。[原文]Theyoungmancouldn'thelpcryingwhenheheardthebadnews.-19-\n[修正]Hearingthebadnews,theyoungmancouldn'thelpcrying.[原文]Ifeverythingistakenintoconsideration,weoughttohaveanotherchance.[修正]Everythingtakenintoconsideration,weoughttohaveanotherchance.D.英语书面表达的应对策略:1.夯实基本,尤其需注重高频动词、名词的用法,做到词不离句,句不离篇。2.训练英语思维,多背诵、默写范文。3.注重写作训练的规范化,做到句与句之间有连接词,段与段之间有过渡句。4.注重写作训练形式多样化,关注议论文、漫画类、图表题和应用文的表达形式。E.英语成语与谚语:Romanisnotbuiltoneday./WheninRome,doasRomansdo./Don'tcountyoureggsbeforetheyarehatched./Nevercryoverthesplitmilk./There'retworabbitsfightingeachotherinyourheart./Helookslikeacatonahotbrick./Onestone,twobirds./Onecoinhastwosides./Asstrongasahorse./Asbusyasabee./Thereisnoplacelikehome./Aswallowdoesn'tmakeasummer./Twoheadsarebetterthanone./Allthatglitteringisnotgold.书面表达1假如你是新华中学的学生李华,你的美国朋友Tom一周前给你发了电子邮件,询问你暑假里的打算,但你因准备期末考试未能及时回复。请根据以下要点给他回封邮件:1.未及时回信的原因。2.你假期的打算(如做兼职、旅行、做志愿者等)。注意:1.词数:150。2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。Onepossibleversion:DearTom,Howiseverythinggoingonwithyou?I'mwritingthislettertoexpressmyapologytoyoufornotwritingyoubackintime.Inthefirstplace,I'llbesohappyifyoucouldacceptmyapology.It'sofgreatimportanceformetomakefullpreparationsforthefinalexamlastweek.Therefore,Icouldn'tspareenoughtimetowriteyoubackintime.What'smore,IamwillingtotellyouthatIamtodosomepart-timejobsinthesummerholiday.Noonecandenythefactthatwecanhaveourvisionbroadenedintheprocess.Lastbutnotleast,itmustbepointedoutthatIwouldlovetogotravellingduringthisholiday.Iamlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.AndI'llappreciateitverymuchifyougivemeanearlyreply.Yourssincerely,LiHua书面表达2孩子的成长和教育是社会热议的话题,现今父母包揽一切、孩子过度依赖等现象十分严重。请阅读下面的漫画,按要求用英语写一篇短文。-19-\n要求:1.描述漫画内容。2.分析漫画所揭示的问题。3.提出你的看法。注意:1.短文开头已给出,不计入总词数。2.考生可适当发挥,使文章内容充实、连贯。3.词数120左右。4.文中不能出现考生的具体信息。参考词汇:为……作准备,为……铺平道路pavethewayOnepossibleversion:Fromthepicturewecanseeafamilyofthreewalkingonalongredcarpet.Theson,welldressed,wavesproudlyinthemiddlewhilethefatherbehindbendsforwardtoholdthejacketandthemotherinfrontrollsoutthecarpet,sweating.Itshowsacommonphenomenonnowadaysthatchildrenarethefocusoffamilies,shoulderingthehopeoftheirparents.Parentsarrangeeverythingfortheirchildrenandsparenoefforttopavethewayfortheirsuccess.Asaconsequence,childrenbecomesoreliantontheirparentsthattheyhavenoindependentthoughtorcreativeideas.Suchasituationisofgreatconcern.Inmyopinion,overprotectionandtoomuchcareareextremelybadforchildren'sdevelopment.Insteadofdoingeverythingforthem,parentsshouldencouragetheirchildrentoovercomedifficultiesandinspirethemtodevelopbythemselves.Onlyinthiswaycantheygrowuptobeindependentandbecometrulysuccessful.书面表达3林书豪(JeremyLin)在NBA的优异表现在全球掀起了一股“林旋风”。近期某网站就林书豪现象对网民进行了一次调查,结果见下表。请根据下面表格的文字内容和饼状图,用英语写一篇短文,短文内容须包括表中提供的所有信息。成功原因勤奋天赋教育运气从他身上你学到了什么?(不少于两点)  注意:1.对所给提示,不要简单翻译,可适当增加细节,使行文连贯。2.词数150左右。开头已给出,不计入总词数。Recently,asurveyonJeremyLinhasbeenconductedamongnetizensonawebsite.________________________________________________________________________-19-\n________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion:Recently,_a_survey_on_Jeremy_Lin_has_been_conducted_among_netizens_on_a_website.Peoplesurveyedhavedifferentopinionsabouthissuccessandhisfuture.Someofthemconsiderdiligenceasanimportantfactorofhissuccess.SomeofthemthinkLinpossessesaremarkabletalentforbasketball.Itisalsobelievedthattheeducationthathehasreceivedcontributestohissuccess.Othersthinkofluckasoneofthefactorsleadingtosuccess.AsforLin'spossibleachievementinthefuture,70%ofthembelievethathewillmakemoreachievementsinNBAthanYaoMing,while20%ofthemholdtheoppositeopinion.Theresthavenoideaaboutthematter.JeremyLinhasmanygoodqualitiesthatwecanlearnfrom.Wearesupposedtoaimhighandmakeeveryefforttoachievegreatsuccess.Inaddition,weshouldtryourbesttoovercomewhateverdifficultieswemeet,insteadoflosingheart.Onlybydoingsocanwerealizeourdreamsinthefuture.书面表达4阅读下面的短文,然后按照要求,写一篇150词左右的英语短文。Chinanews,Shanghai,October8—Accordingtoarandomsurveycovering3,800elementaryandsecondaryschoolstudentsinShanghai,thetwogroupsofstudentshaveverydifferentcareeroutlooks.Mostpupilsdreamofstartingtheirownbusinessaftergraduation,whilehighschoolstudentslongforfreelancing.“It'ssocooltobeyourownboss,andyoucandecidewhentostartaday'swork,”saidJay(nothisrealname),afifthgradepupil.Thehottesttopicbetweenhimandhisclassmatesisusuallyabouttheirfuturecareers,andmanyofthemhavealreadyhadathoroughplanforthefuture.Jaysaysthathewillstarthisbusinesswithhisfriendsinafewyearsaftergraduatingfromcollege,whenhewillhavealreadyaccumulatedsomemoney.Highschoolstudents'choicestendtobemorereasonable.Someofthemsaytheywilltakeanordinaryfull-timejob,whilemanyofthemalsoappreciatethefreedomoffreelancing:however,mostofthemwillthinktwicebeforestartingtheirownbusiness,asitisextremelydifficulttostartacareerfromscratch.【写作内容】上面这篇文章来自中国新闻网,请你读后以一名学生的身份在中国新闻网发表意见栏上写一篇文章,至少包含以下内容要点:1.以大约30词概括短文的内容要点。2.以大约120词谈谈你个人的就业意向。3.你打算以后干什么?说出你选择的理由。4.为了将来的事业,你现在应该怎么做。Onepossibleversion:Accordingtoasurvey,someelementaryandsecondaryschoolstudentsinShanghaihopetostarttheirownbusinessinthefuturewhilesomeothers,especiallyhighschoolstudents,prefertotakeanordinaryjob.IdreamofbeinganexcellentdoctorafterIgraduatefromuniversity.First,Iamtoldthattobeadoctor,Icanhaveaverygoodincome.Wehavetoadmitthatmoneyisimportant.Withit,Icanlivemorecomfortablyandprovidemychildwithabetterenvironment.IfIhaveenoughmoney,Icanalsohelpthepoor.Wouldn'titbewonderful?Moreimportantly,doctorsareangelstothe-19-\npatients,whocanhelpthesickgetridofpainandsufferingorevengiveasecondlifetothedying.Ican'timaginehowgreatIwillfeelwhenseeingapatientrecoverfromtheillnessandlivehappilyagainbecauseofmyhelp.NowwhatIshoulddoisstudyhardtomakesureIcanenterafamousmedicineuniversity,whereIcangettherequiredknowledgeandskillstobeagooddoctor.-19-

版权提示

  • 温馨提示:
  • 1. 部分包含数学公式或PPT动画的文件,查看预览时可能会显示错乱或异常,文件下载后无此问题,请放心下载。
  • 2. 本文档由用户上传,版权归属用户,莲山负责整理代发布。如果您对本文档版权有争议请及时联系客服。
  • 3. 下载前请仔细阅读文档内容,确认文档内容符合您的需求后进行下载,若出现内容与标题不符可向本站投诉处理。
  • 4. 下载文档时可能由于网络波动等原因无法下载或下载错误,付费完成后未能成功下载的用户请联系客服vx:lianshan857处理。客服热线:13123380146(工作日9:00-18:00)

文档下载

发布时间:2022-08-26 00:07:18 页数:19
价格:¥3 大小:883.19 KB
文章作者:U-336598

推荐特供

MORE